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Objective: External apical root resorption (EARR) is characterized by permanent loss of dental structure at the root apex. This study aimed to systematically review gene polymorphisms associated with EARR in orthodontic patients. Methods: Electronic database searches were performed across several databases. Results: This systematic review included 21 studies. Outcome measures were based on tooth dimensions observed on radiographs obtained before and after treatment. Polymorphisms in the following genes were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis: purinergic-receptor-P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7), caspase-1/interleukin-converting enzyme (CASP1/ICE), caspase-5 (CASP5), IL-1beta (IL1B), IL-1alpha (IL1A), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1RN), tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily gene member 11a (TNFRSF11A), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily gene member 11b (TNFRSF11B), interleukin 17A (IL17), interleukin 6 (IL6), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), stromal antigen 2 (STAG2), vitamin D receptor (VDR), cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1), cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B (CYP27B1), group-specific component (GC), and interleukin-1 receptorassociated kinases 1 (IRAK1). Conclusions: Almost all studies suggested that IL1 gene is associated with EARR. Additionally, P2RX7 may be an important factor contributing to the etiopathogenesis of EARR. TNFRSF11A, SPP1, IL1RN, IL6, TNFRSF11B, STAG2, VDR, IRAK1, IL-17, CASP1/ICE and CASP5 have been identified in isolated studies. Further observational studies are needed to better explain the association between these genes and EARR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To develop and evaluate the accuracy of a computer-assisted system based on artificial intelligence for detecting and identifying dental implant brands using digital periapical radiographs. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,800 digital periapical radiographs of dental implants from three distinct manufacturers (f1 = 600, f2 = 600, and f3 = 600) were split into training dataset (n = 1,440 [80%]) and testing dataset (n = 360 [20%]) groups. The images were evaluated by software developed by means of convolutional neural networks (CNN), with the aim of identifying the manufacturer of the dental implants contained in them. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated for detection and diagnostic performance of the CNN algorithm. Results: At the final epoch (25), system accuracy values of 99.78% were obtained for group training data, 99.36% for group testing data, and 85.29% for validation data. The latter value corresponded to the actual accuracy of carrying out the system learning process. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the effectiveness of CNN for identifying dental implant manufacturers, which was proven to be a precise method of great clinical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introdução: O acesso endodôntico quando há obliteração do canal pulpar (OCP) parcial ou total é uma tarefa desafiadora. Uma nova técnica conhecida como acesso endodôntico guiado (AEG) tem sido relatada como uma solução alternativa nos casos com OCP. Métodos: O presente artigo relata dois casos clínicos usando AEG para localizar e tratar OCP. Imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e imagens do escaneamento intrabucal foram pareadas usando um software de planejamento virtual. Após o planejamento da posição da broca, foi elaborado um template virtual, posteriormente impresso em 3D, para confecção da respectiva guia, a qual foi, então, posicionada e os canais radiculares foram localizados com uma broca carbide. Os canais radiculares foram instrumentados com limas reciprocantes e irrigação com hipoclorito de sódio. Os dentes foram obturados com a técnica de guta-percha termoplastificada. Resultado: Os pacientes foram acompanhados por seis meses e demonstraram ausência de sinais e sintomas. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o tratamento endodôntico associado ao AEG foi uma opção terapêutica eficaz nos casos de OCP em incisivos centrais superiores, obtendo resultados seguros e confiáveis no tratamento endodôntico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate external apical root resorption in the upper and lower teeth during orthodontic treatment. Material and methods: Periapical radiographs of 37 patients (22.05 years) of both sexes were evaluated by two radiologists at the beginning of orthodontic treatment, after the alignment and leveling phase, and at the end of orthodontic treatment, and classified according to the severity of root resorption. Results: The results indicated that root resorption was present in most of the dental groups evaluated at the end of treatment (p <0.05), with a relationship to malocclusion type, root shape, and apical shape, while treatment time affect the process of root resorption in some dental groups evaluated. It was observed that the greater the degree of dental crowding at the beginning of treatment, the higher the incidence of root resorption at the end. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that there is a need for a radiographic protocol involving all teeth before and after the alignment and leveling phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To present two null hypothesis: (1) The absence of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIEARR) in maxillary incisors during orthodontic treatment indicates that it does not occur in other teeth. (2) The teeth that don't present root resorption at the first 6 months of orthodontic treatment, they will not present until the end of treatment. Material and methods: Digital periapical X-rays of 37 patients. The periapical radiographs were evaluated following phase alignment and leveling (time 1), and at the end of orthodontic treatment (time 2). Results: Despite OIEARR was not evident in the maxillary incisors, Grade 4 resorption was evident in the maxillary and mandibular teeth. The only teeth which showed statistical significance for the incidence of OIEARR were the maxillary lateral incisors and the mandibular incisors during both periods (p<0.05). Conclusion: The null hypothesis (1) was rejected, because there was OIEARR in the other teeth despite it doesn't occur in the maxillary and mandibular incisor. The second hypothesis (2) was also rejected because there were teeth that did not present OIEARR at 6 months after the beginning of treatment and presented at the end. There was no relationship among root shape, sex, age and OIEARR; but the greater degree of crowding, the greater tendency of OIEARR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The teaching of dentistry begins with isolated disciplines of each area. In the final semesters, the Integrated Clinic occurs, where the fragmented learning is unified. Thus, the objective of this work, of qualitative approach, encompasses the description, planning, execution and development of concepts related to disciplines of the Dentistry course, using Team Based Learning (TBL) as an Active Teaching-Learning Methodology. Students in their eighth period, in their first contact with the discipline of Integrated Clinic, before attending patients, were submitted to TBL with clinical and interdisciplinary questions selected from previous exams of the National Student Performance Exam (ENADE). The interpretation of the results allowed us to infer that the TBL was useful in the learning process and in the evaluation of the students' training, since the teachers' understanding of the students' level of knowledge facilitated the selection of patients to be treated, ensuring technical excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate, by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the change in thickness and height of the alveolar bone and interdental septum in the anterior mandible after orthodontic treatment for dental crowding using tooth extraction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 48 mandibular incisors from adult patients who presented with Class I malocclusion and required orthodontic treatment with the extraction of mandibular premolars. CBCT images were taken before starting the treatment (T1) and three months after treatment (T2). The following measurements were evaluated: width and height of the alveolar bone and the interdental septum, the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the bone ridges (F-CEJ-MBC and L-CEJ-MBC), as well as the vertical positioning and inclination of the incisor, using the Lingual Plane as the reference point. The paired Student's t-test and Pearson correlation were used with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: A significant increase was observed in the distance L-CEJ-MBC, which shows the appearance of bone dehiscence. The degree of dental crowding was not a risk factor for the development of dehiscence. The decrease in the incisor inclination and intrusion was related to the formation of dehiscence on the lingual surface. CONCLUSION: The variation in the incisor's inclination and intrusion during the treatment of dental crowding using tooth extraction are related to the formation of bone dehiscence on its lingual surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RSBO: Revista Sul-Brasileira de Odontologia is the property of UNIVILLE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate changes of the alveolar bone and interdental bone septum of the mandibular incisors through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) after orthodontic treatment of mandibular dental crowding without dental extraction. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 64 CBCT images (32 pre-treatment and 32 post-treatment) from 32 adult patients with class I malocclusion and an average age of 23.0±3.9 years. The width and height of the alveolar bone and interdental septum, the distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the facial and lingual bone crests, and the inclination of the mandibular incisors were measured. Results: The distance between the CEJ and the marginal bone crest on the facial side increased significantly (P<0.05). An increased distance between the CEJ and the bone crest on the facial and lingual sides showed a correlation with the irregularity index (P<0.05); however, no significant association was observed with increasing mandibular incisor inclination (P>0.05). The change in the distance between the CEJ and the marginal bone crest on the facial side was correlated significantly with bone septum height (P<0.05). Conclusion: Bone dehiscence developed during the treatment of crowding without extraction only on the incisors' facial side. Increasing proclination of the mandibular incisor was not correlated with bone dehiscence. The degree of dental crowding assessed through the irregularity index was associated with the risk of developing bone dehiscence. The interdental septum reflected facial marginal bone loss in the mandibular incisors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate which of the following imaging methods best assessed misfit at the tooth-restoration interface: (1) bitewing radiographs, both conventional and digital, performed using a photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) and a charge-coupled device (CCD) system; (2) panoramic radiographs, both conventional and digital; and (3) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Forty healthy human molars with class I cavities were selected and divided into 4 groups according to the restoration that was applied: composite resin, composite resin with liner material to simulate misfit, dental amalgam, and dental amalgam with liner material to simulate misfit. Radiography and tomography were performed using the various imaging methods, and the resulting images were analyzed by 2 calibrated radiologists. The true presence or absence of misfit corresponding to an area of radiolucency in regions subjacent to the esthetic and metal restorations was validated with microscopy. The data were analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the scores were compared using the Cohen kappa coefficient. Results: For bitewing images, the digital systems (CCD and PSP) showed a higher area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for the evaluation of resin restorations, while the conventional images exhibited a larger AUROC for the evaluation of amalgam restorations. Conventional and digital panoramic radiographs did not yield good results for the evaluation of resin and amalgam restorations (P<.05). CBCT images exhibited good results for resin restorations (P>.05), but showed no discriminatory ability for amalgam restorations (P<.05). Conclusion: Bitewing radiographs (conventional or digital) should be the method of choice when assessing dental restoration misfit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a rare condition characterized by structural damage and secretory dysfunction of the lacrimal and salivary glands that leads to dryness, particularly xerophthalmia (eyes) and xerostomia (mouth). No cure is known; however, the effects of the disease are manageable and symptoms may be reduced. Although the salivary damage is irreversible, the dental decay and oral infections may be prevented, which highlights the importance that the clinician plays in the diagnosis and management of SS. The cardinal features of this disease are summarized through the case report of primary SS in a 23-year-old woman who received an early diagnosis based on clinical features, laboratory investigations, lower lip biopsy, and imaging findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a dominant autosomal hereditary disorder of dentin formation that affects the deciduous and permanent teeth. Its etiology is characterized by inadequate cell differentiation during odontogenesis. The clinical characteristics of dentinogenesis imperfecta are discolored teeth with a translucency that varies from gray to brown or amber. Radiographically, the teeth exhibit pulp obliteration, thin and short roots, bell-shaped crowns, and periapical bone rarefaction. The aim of this report was to present a case of dentinogenesis imperfecta type II that was followed up over a 17-year period. This report also presents scanning electron microscopy images of the enamel and dentin, showing that both were altered in the affected teeth. The disease characteristics and the treatments that were administered are reported in this study to guide dentists with respect to the need for early diagnosis and adequate follow-up to avoid major sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: investigate the existence of dysfunctional temporomandibular disorders, and as a predisposing factor to investigate tubal dysfunction in patients with cleft palate. Method: 10 individuals (20 temporomandibular joints), operated of cleft palate had been evaluated, that were in treatment in the Clinical Center of Fonoaudiologia of the PUC-MG, with age varying between 8 and 18 years, of both gender, and that they presented history of middle otitis in first infancy. The same ones had been submitted to the meatoscopia, imitanciometria, research of the tube function, examination of feel of the face muscle and examinations of image (x-rays transcraniana in 6 positions and AP of Town). Being compared for the Accurate Test of Fisher (p<0,05). Results: it was observed that the majority of the sample presented of auditory tube dysfunction, when analyzed for the test of the tube function corresponding 80% of the total. In relation to the joint to temporomandibular nine individuals (90%) they had not presented dysfunction and only one individual (10%) got, observed in the examinations of image, presence at the back of condyle process of the left side. Conclusions: as preliminary data, when analyzing the temporomandibular joint dysfunction and its correlation with auditory tube, the Accurate Test of Fisher did not find resulted significant, evidencing that the joint to temporomandibular of the cleft palate patients, does not suffer alterations proceeding from the inefficient functioning from auditory tube [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universidade Estadual Paulista. Revista de Odontologia is the property of Universidade Estadual Paulista. Revista de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)