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A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University during November 2021 to April 2022 to investigate the effects of foliar supplementation of 0.1% aqueous solution of boron (B) to inbred and hybrid boro rice varieties. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized block design (RCBD) with two factors, viz. variety (inbred ‘BRRI dhna29' and hybrid ‘Lal Teer'), and foliar B supplementation in addition to the recommended basal dose (6 kg ha-1 boric acid) which was applied during the final land preparation. The later factor had four levels, viz. (i) no additional B supplementation (B1), foliar supplementation of B (ii) at tillering stage (B2), (iii) at panicle initiation stage (B3), and (iv) at both tillering and panicle initiation stages (B4). The experiment was replicated four times. The results revealed that hybrid (Lal Teer) variety outperformed the inbred variety (BRRI dhna29) in all yield related parameters, and grain and straw yields. All plant characters, yield contributing characters and yields were significantly affected by B supplementation. Although there were yield differences between inbred and hybrid cultivars, their response patterns to foliar supplementation of B were similar. In both varieties, the highest grain yield was recorded when the crops received foliar doses of B twice (tillering and panicle initiation stages) in addition to the recommended basal B fertilizer. However, a single foliar application of B at the tillering stage produced statistically similar results as two foliar applications. The control treatment (no boron application) produced the lowest grain yield and performed poorly in terms of both plant characters and yield related traits. Therefore, a single foliar application of B during tillering stage is recommended for both inbred and hybrid varieties. [Fundam Appl Agric 2024; 9(2.000): 131-137]

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is a legume widely recognized for diverse uses. Like other legumes, mungbean plants also possess a remarkable ability to interact with nitrogen-fixing bacteria by inhabiting plant roots. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of foliar Zn application on the growth and yield contributing traits of mungbean, and to determine the best Zn fertilizer management for optimum mungbean growth and yield. The experiment was comprised of one factor, viz. management of the zinc fertilizer, and seven treatments, viz. (i) No zinc application (Control) [T1], (ii) Basal application of ZnSO4.7H2O @ 10 kg ha-1 [T2], (iii) Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution at pre-flowering stage (i.e. 40 days after sowing (DAS)) [T3], (iv) Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution at flowering stage (i.e., 50 DAS) [T4], (v) Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution at pod formation stage (i.e. 60 DAS) [T5], (vi) Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution at 40 DAS and 50 DAS [T6], (vii) Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O solution at 40, 50 and 60 DAS [T7]. The experimental treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Plant characteristics such as plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and yield contributing characteristics including number of pods plant-1, number of good pods plant-1, number of grains pod-1, and weight of 1000 grains were significantly influenced by Zn fertilization. The highest values for all parameters, including maximum grain yield (0.84 ± .06 t ha-1) and stover yield (4.64 ± 0.85 t ha-1), were recorded at T7, where foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O was applied at 40, 50 and 60 DAS. [Fundam Appl Agric 2024; 9(2.000): 59-64]

Background: The utilization of optical coherence tomography [OCT] has demonstrated its efficacy in the identification and assessment of glaucomatous impairment.The Aim of the work: The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the alterations in Optical Coherence Tomography measurements, specifically the Optic Nerve Head, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness, and Ganglion Cell Complex, in patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma before and after undergoing subscleral trabeculectomy surgery.Patients and Methods: This study included 25 eyes having primary open angle glaucoma scheduled for subscleral trabeculectomy at Al-Azhar university hospital, Damietta. Ethical approval was obtained from ethics committee of Al-Azhar university, faculty of medicine. A written informed consent was obtained from all patients included in the study after nature and possible consequences of the procedure has been explained. The patients were evaluated by Topcon 3D OCT 2000 device. Standard resolution scans captured the temporal and nasal quadrants [nasal-temporal 0° -180°] before subscleral trabeculectomy operation and was evaluated at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months post operativelyResults: According to the total RNFL, it was 60.7 ± 13.9 µm preoperatively, and significantly increased to 71.9 ± 14.3 µm at 1 month postoperative and also, increased to 74.7 ± 13.6 µm at 3 months postoperative [P value = 0.001 for both]. According to the total GCC, it was 65.5 ± 14.9 µm preoperatively, and significantly increased to 74.1 ± 13.9 µm at 1 month postoperative and also, increased to 76.2 ± 13.5 µm at 3 months postoperative [P value = 0.001 for both]. In terms of IOP, it was significantly decreased from 35.5 ± 5.5 mmHg to 13.7 ± 1.4 at 1 month postoperative [P value = 0.001], and also, decreased to 13.9 ± 1 mmHg at 3 months postoperative [P value = 0.001].Conclusion: Sub scleral trabeculectomy is an effective surgical procedure for the treatment of Open angle glaucoma.

Background: A proof of past streptococcal infection is usually required for the diagnosis of Post streptococcal uveitis, which is achieved by measuring the serum level of anti-streptococcal lysin O titer.Aim of the work: This study aims to investigate the association between positivity of antistreptolysin O and non-infectious uveitis. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients diagnosed with noninfectious uveitis at the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of Al-Azhar university hospital, Damietta, Egypt, in cooperation with Mansoura ophthalmic center from November 2022 to April 2023. ASO titer was measured for every patient, and it was considered positive if > 200 IU/ml.Results: The median [IQR] ASO level was 130.5 [55 – 289.2] IU/ml with a range of [19.9 – 512.2] IU/ml. Its level was higher in the idiopathic, AS, and Arthritis patients than in other study patients, 205 [54.5 – 334.2], 223 [153 – 412], and 225 [40 – 225] respectively. However, this difference between the study groups was not significant statistically [P value > 0.05]. Our study revealed that no significant correlation between the ASO positivity and the degree of visual loss [P value = 0.48]. Correlation analysis between the ASO titer and the type of uveitis, anatomical site of uveitis, and AC score revealed no statistically significant correlation between them and the ASO titer [P = 0.9, 0.1, 0.3 respectively]. Also, we found no significant correlation between the ASO titer and IOP and BCVA.Conclusion: ASO titer is significantly elevated in noninfectious uveitis, however, our results showed no significant correlation between the ASO and the type of uveitis.

يدرس هذا البحث نمطا من أنماط السبك والإحكام في النص القرآني، وهو البناء النسقي ، والمقصود بالنسق هنا: ما جاء من الكلام على نظام واحد أو هو: تتابع الكلام على بناء متلائم . أما حدّ هذا المصطلح فهو: ملاءمة تركيبِ آخر الآية أولَها . وبعبارة قريبة هو: حمل آخر الآية على أولها؛ للمشاكلة أو للمقتضَى اللغوي . ويمكن أن يعد هذا البناء نظرية لبيان فصاحة الكلم وقوة تماسكه وبلاغته، ونموذجا لتوظيف النحو في توجيه النصوص، وتفاعل المعاني النحوية. ولهذا البناء أنواع عدة أهمها: النسق الدلالي، ونسق المشاكلة، والنسق النحوي. واندرج تحت الأخير مباحث التخفيف والتوفية، والذكر والحذف، والتقديم والتأخير. وتحت هذه الأنواع صور كثيرة. وحُصرت مادة البحث في المتشابه اللفظي للآيات القرآنية، وكان المصدر الرئيس لمادة البحث كتاب درة التنزيل وغرة التأويل للخطيب الإسكافي. الكلمات المفاتيح:البناء النسقي–المتشابه اللفظي–النسق الدلالي–نسق المشاكلة–النسق النحوي

An investigation was conducted for the determination of the effects of the forming conditions in the production of Gamma Alumina catalyst support on the crushing strength property. Eight variables were studied , they are ;binder content which is the sodium silicate , Solvent content which is the water, speed of mixing , time of mixing, drying temperature , drying time , calcinations temperature and the calcinations time Design of the experiments was made by using the response Surface method in Minitab 15 software which supply us 90 experiments . The results of this investigation show that the crushing strength for the dried Gamma alumina extrudate was affected by the drying temperature and the drying time only and there is no interaction effect between the variables studied. Furthermore, the results show that, the crushing strength for the calcined extrudate was affected by the speed of mixing only and the optimum speed is 900rpm. The maximum crushing strength of 38.38 after calcinations and 11.865 Kg/mm after drying were obtained

Favipiravir is considered a potential treatment for COVID-19 due its efficacy against different viral infections. We aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of favipiravir in treatment of COVID-19 mild and moderate cases. It was randomized-controlled open-label interventional phase 3 clinical trial [NCT04349241]. 100 patients were recruited from 18th April till 18th May. 50 patients received favipiravir 3200 mg at day 1 followed by 600 mg twice (day 2–day 10). 50 patients received hydroxychloroquine 800 mg at day 1 followed by 200 mg twice (day 2–10) and oral oseltamivir 75 mg/12 h/day for 10 days. Patients were enrolled from Ain Shams University Hospital and Assiut University Hospital. Both arms were comparable as regards demographic characteristics and comorbidities. The average onset of SARS-CoV-2 PCR negativity was 8.1 and 8.3 days in HCQ-arm and favipiravir-arm respectively. 55.1% of those on HCQ-arm turned PCR negative at/or before 7th day from diagnosis compared to 48% in favipiravir-arm (p = 0.7). 4 patients in FVP arm developed transient transaminitis on the other hand heartburn and nausea were reported in about 20 patients in HCQ-arm. Only one patient in HCQ-arm died after developing acute myocarditis resulted in acute heart failure. Favipiravir is a safe effective alternative for hydroxychloroquine in mild or moderate COVID-19 infected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the stone hardness in predicting the need for single or two sessions of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for renal pelvis stones of 2-3 cm in size. Material and methods: Ninety-six patients (64 male and 32 female) with only renal stones (2.5±0.3 cm) underwent RIRS using flexible 7.5 Fr ureteroscope (FURS). The stone hardness was evaluated by preoperative non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT). The patients were divided into two groups based on stone hardness: Group I (n=54) (hard stones - Hounsfeld Unit (HU) >1000) and group II (n=42) (not hard stone - HU <1000). The stone- free rate, the operative time, any intra or postoperative complications and the need for second sessions of RIRS were evaluated. Results: All stones were successfully accessed. Intraoperative complications were not reported. The initial stone- free rate was 40% in Group I and 95% in Group II after a single session (p=0.01). A second session FURS was needed in 32 cases of Group I (40%) where postoperative CT showed significant residual stone fragments of 6±2 mm, and stone-free rate up to 100 percent. On the contrary only 2 cases from Group II underwent second session FURS (p=0.01). The operative times were 75±15 minutes in Group I and 55±13 minutes in Group II (p<0.01). Six patients (4 in group I and 2 in group II) had postoperative high- grade fever (Clavien Grade II). Conclusion: Stone hardness had a significant impact on the decision of performing single versus two sessions of FURS for renal pelvic stones of 2-3 cm rather than the stone size alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the stone hardness in predicting the need for single or two sessions of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for renal pelvis stones of 2-3 cm in size., Material and Methods: Ninety-six patients (64 male and 32 female) with only renal stones (2.5±0.3 cm) underwent RIRS using flexible 7.5 Fr ureteroscope (FURS). The stone hardness was evaluated by preoperative non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT). The patients were divided into two groups based on stone hardness: Group I (n=54) (hard stones - Hounsfield Unit (HU) >1000) and group II (n=42) (not hard stone - HU <1000). The stone-free rate, the operative time, any intra or postoperative complications and the need for second sessions of RIRS were evaluated., Results: All stones were successfully accessed. Intraoperative complications were not reported. The initial stone-free rate was 40% in Group I and 95% in Group II after a single session (p=0.01). A second session FURS was needed in 32 cases of Group I (40%) where postoperative CT showed significant residual stone fragments of 6±2 mm, and stone-free rate up to 100 percent. On the contrary only 2 cases from Group II underwent second session FURS (p=0.01). The operative times were 75±15 minutes in Group I and 55±13 minutes in Group II (p<0.01). Six patients (4 in group I and 2 in group II) had postoperative high-grade fever (Clavien Grade II)., Conclusion: Stone hardness had a significant impact on the decision of performing single versus two sessions of FURS for renal pelvic stones of 2-3 cm rather than the stone size alone., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.