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Introduction: Facelift surgery, also known as rhytidectomy, is a commonly performed procedure to address aging-related changes in the face and neck. Over the years, its techniques and methodologies have evolved. This study aimed to provide a bibliometric analysis of the top 50 most cited publications related to facelift surgery over a fifty-year period (1973-2023). Methods: The authors obtained data from the Web of Science Core Collection on July 15, 2023. Using a predefined search strategy, the most cited articles from 1973 to 2023 on facelift surgery were identified. The publications were analyzed for their type of study, journal of publication, geographic origin, and primary outcomes. Furthermore, the authorship gender distribution was assessed. Results: The majority of the publications (34 out of 50) were published in the "Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery" journal. The USA contributed to 72% of the research, followed by the UK, Mexico, Australia, and Germany. The primary outcomes varied from surgical techniques, anatomical studies, risk factors, patient-specific outcomes, and facial rejuvenation techniques, to comparative and historical progression of techniques. Notably, male authors dominated the field with 47 out of 50 papers having both a first and senior male author. Conclusion: Facelift surgery has seen substantial research development over the past fifty years. The USA has been at the forefront of this research, with a predominant focus on surgical techniques and anatomical studies. Male dominance in authorship indicates potential scope for increased gender diversity in this specialty. Annual updates are recommended for continued insights. Level of Evidence III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Anatomy studies on cadavers have allowed a better understanding of the structures of the face and, consequently, greater safety when exploring the deep planes of the facial region. A good technique must be safe, reproducible, and respect anatomical points. The objective of this work is to demystify the deep plane facelifting technique through the dissection of cadavers and exposure of facial structures. Method: The reproduction of the “deep plane facelifting” technique was performed on 14 hemifaces of 7 pieces of fresh cadavers at the Instituto de Treinamento de Cadáver (Cadaver Training Institute) in Curitiba in 2021. The surgical technique was performed according to our clinical practice and reproduced on the cadaver. After the procedure, the facial anatomical structures were dissected to correlate their positioning with the anatomical spaces of the face. The positioning of the facial ligaments, vascularization, and branches of the facial nerve were evaluated. Results: The anatomical spaces relevant to the deep plane facelifting technique were identified, such as the inferior and superior masseteric spaces, prezygomatic space, buccal space, and cervical space. The facial nerve branches were identified in the sub-SMAS plane and correlated with the anatomical spaces and planes. Conclusion: The deep plane facelift technique can be reproduced safely as long as two parameters are respected. The first is the correct entry into spaces to respect the anatomy. The second is the use of blunt detachers for dissection in the deep planes of the face to avoid nerve damage to the branches of the facial nerve.

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The forehead and brow lift is one of the most commonly performed surgical cosmetic procedures for the rejuvenation of the upper third of the face. Various surgical techniques have been developed to achieve maximum aesthetic results alongside minimum complications; each method has its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the ideal surgical approach for each patient should be selected based on careful preoperative evaluation and proper case selection. This article presents a novel modification of the transfollicular forehead and brow lift using a simultaneous biplanar approach to the subcutaneous and sub-periosteal tissue planes. This technique is beneficial to the patient by taking advantage of both the endoscopic and transfollicular methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review summarizes the challenges and adaptations that have taken place in rhinology and facial plastics in response to the ongoing coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. In particular, the prolonged exposure and manipulation of the nasal and oral cavities portend a high risk of viral transmission. We discuss evidence-based recommendations to mitigate the risk of viral transmission through novel techniques and device implementation as well as increasing conservative management of certain pathologies.

Background Endoscopic forehead lift with cortical tunneling is an effective option for rejuvenation of the upper third of the face. Although it has been considered safe and reliable, with relatively consistent long-term results, relapse and weakening of adhesion have been common problems. Methods We suggest the dual-tunneling method for overcoming these limitations. A total of 100 patients aged 17 to 65 years underwent forehead lifting with cortical tunneling by the senior author from August 2016 to December 2017. The single-tunnel method was applied in one half of the patients and the dual-tunnel method in the other half. Bilateral brow positions were measured immediately following surgery and 6 months later. Results For all cases, cortical tunneling was done at the central incision and both paramedian incisions; therefore, three tunnels were used in the control group and six tunnels in the experimental group. In the single-tunnel group, relapse distances were 2.39±0.83 mm for the medial brow and 3.26±0.91 mm for the lateral brow (6 months postoperatively; n=100). The dual-tunnel group showed significantly smaller (P

Background : : There was evidence of improvement in mid-face laxity using three pairs of suspension sutures in mid-face lifting in our early and mid-term follow-up. Objective: This 24-month prospective follow-up study aimed to determine the efficacy of mid-face lifting and lower jawline contouring using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) sutures in Asian patients. Methods : : Ten healthy volunteers received three pairs of 8-cones bidirectional cones sutures at the mid-face. One of the ten volunteers lost to follow-up, and all remaining patients followed up for 24 months. Our primary outcome measure is the change in the facial laxity rating scale (FLRS), an “improvement” defined as at least “one-grade change” in FLRS. Other assessment parameters include the severity of the nasolabial fold (NLF), assessed on the wrinkle severity rating scale (WSRS). The secondary outcome measures were the self-satisfaction rating scale (SSRS) and global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS), rated by participants at each follow-up interval. Results : : A linear improvement in the mid-face was observed almost immediately after treatment, with progressive improvement up to at least 12 months following the intervention and no deterioration by 24 months. This improvement was significant (p0.8). Contour improvement for the lower face followed a similar trend, except for a delay in the observable differences at three months (Cohen’s d=0.29, 0.8 at six weeks and three months, respectively). The differences in the level of patient satisfaction were significant (p

Lower eyelid deformities are frequently associated with facial aging. Plastic surgery of the eyelids became popular in the second half of the 20th century. Furnas identified the redundancy of the inferior orbicularis muscle, focused on resection of excess flaccid tissue to restore a more youthful appearance. The case of a 40-years-old female patient is presented, who attended the Plastic Surgery consultation requesting correction of her upper and lower eyelids, and with malar bags nonconformity. The defects were corrected with an inverted inferior orbicularis muscle flap, which was fixed to the fascia of the temporalis muscle through a transcutaneous blepharoplasty. The aesthetic results achieved in this patient show that transcutaneous blepharoplasty and the use of an inverted flap of the orbicularis oculi are effective alternatives to achieve eyelid rejuvenation and correction of the malar bags, by conferring a greater harmony of these structures in relation to face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the methods and safety of general abnormal anatomical layers and structure in rhytidectomy, which is also of clinical significance. In this group, 39 patients with static and dynamic deformities formed at different levels after liposuction and thread technique more than one time were treated with stable and active separation skills in high SMAS facelift operation. The results showed that the patients of this group could get the same effect of younger postoperative operation as “initial face” and solve dynamic adhesion deformity. Methods : : Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound were performed before operation, focusing on the abnormal changes of facial soft tissue. The results showed that the signal of the foreign body, the position and texture of scar, the relationship between scar and masseter fascia, buccal fat pad, and whether there was tissue defect or hyperplasia. In the operation, the normal separation was made in the second and fourth layers of the previously safe and easy to separate plane, instead of in the dense one or two layers of the scar. It is an alternative microsurgical separation technique. The key point is to separate the incomplete SMAS flap to achieve the expected good effect of rhytidectomy, release the scar adhesion and facial spasm. At the same time, the severed injury of facial nerve branches should be strictly prevented. Results : : 74 cases of facelift were taken in recent eight months and 67 patients were treated with micro plastic surgery. Among them, 39 patients received more than one facial liposuction and more than one thread lift. In the scar formed by liposuction and thread technology, liposuction is especially serious; liposuction can still absorb the structural layer, and scar directly involves the SMAS and buccal fat pad envelope containing facial nerve branches, one of which directly causes the injury of the mandibular marginal branch. Most of the chronic granuloma scar formed after the degradation of the thread technology is in the facial space, which causes the scar atresia of the space. The flap and SMAS flap of 39 cases were separated, most of which were facial nerve branches in scar. All of them were difficult to separate and form the SMAS flap of superficial temporal fascia-Orbicularis oculi-platysma, and 89.6% of the excellent facelift effect was obtained. Facial nerve injury was found in 2 cases, 1 case was right mandible marginal branch traction injury, and the other side was left corner nerve injury. In the process of recovery. Conclusion : : For patients with facial liposuction and thread technique, doctors must be prepared for the difficult separation of scar adhesion and have a high risk of facial nerve branch disconnection. If we don’t pursue the rejuvenation effect, it will lead to the existence of surgical effect discount, bilateral asymmetry, and dynamic adhesion deformity.