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1. Tracing the history of an unusual compound presolar grain from progenitor star to asteroid parent body host

Author

Jens Barosch, Larry Nittler, Elena Dobrica, Sheryl Singerling, Adrian Brearley, and Rhonda Stroud

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics - Geophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, FOS: Physical sciences, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Geophysics (physics.geo-ph), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We conducted a TEM study of an unusual oxide-silicate composite presolar grain (F2-8) from the unequilibrated ordinary chondrite Semarkona. The presolar composite grain is relatively large, has an amoeboidal shape, and contains Mg-rich olivine, Mg-Al spinel, and Ca-rich pyroxene. The shape and phase assemblage are reminiscent of amoeboid-olivine-aggregates and add to the growing number of TEM observations of presolar refractory inclusion-like (CAIs and AOAs) grains. In addition to the dominant components, F2-8 also contains multiple subgrains, including an alabandite-oldhamite composite grain within the olivine and several magnetite subgrains within the Mg-Al spinel. We argue that the olivine, Mg-Al spinel, and alabandite-oldhamite formed by equilibrium condensation, whereas the Ca-rich pyroxene formed by non-equilibrium condensation, all in an M-type AGB star envelope. On the other hand, the magnetite subgrains are likely the result of aqueous alteration on the Semarkona asteroidal parent body. Additional evidence of secondary processing includes Fe-enrichment in the Mg-Al spinel and olivine, elevated Al contents in the olivine, and beam sensitivity and a modulated structure for the olivine. Compound presolar grains record condensation conditions over a wide range of temperatures. Additionally, the presence of several different presolar phases in a composite grain can impart information on the relative rates and effects of post-condensation processing in a range of environments, including the interstellar medium, solar nebula, and the host asteroid parent body. The TEM observations of F2-8 provide insights across the lifetime of the grain from its formation by condensation in an M-type AGB star envelope, its transit through the interstellar medium, and aqueous alteration during its residence on Semarkona's asteroidal parent body., 36 total pages, including 6 figures, 3 supplemental figures, 4 tables, and 2 supplemental tables

Published
2023

2. Advanced Curation of Astromaterials for Planetary Science Over the Next Decade

Author

Francis M. McCubbin, Judith H Allton, Jessica J. Barnes, Michael J. Calaway, Catherine M. Corrigan, Justin Filiberto, Marc D. Fries, Juliane Gross, Andrea D. Harrington, Christopher D. K. Herd, Aurore Hutzler, Hope A. Ishii, Timothy J. McCoy, Kevin McKeegan, Julie L Mitchell, Larry R. Nittler, Aaron B. Regberg, Kevin Righter, Christopher J. Snead, Rhonda Stroud, Kimberly T. Tait, Toru Yada, Ryan A. Zeigler, Michael E Zolensky, and Eileen K Stansbery

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Advanced curation is a cross-disciplinary field of research and development aiming to improve curation and sample acquisition practices in existing astromaterials collections and to enable future sample return activities.The primary result of advanced curation is to both reduce and quantify contamination to astromaterials and preserve the scientific integrity of all samples from mission inception to scientific analysis. Over the next decade, NASA should support advanced curation research and monitoring efforts as they pertain to improving our current collections and preparing for samples from current and future astromaterials acquisition activities.We highlight here five advanced curation activities of critical importance for the success of sample science supported by NASA over the coming decade, including: 1) supporting efforts to build contamination knowledge collections as part of sample return missions, which requires curation involvement from the earliest stages of sample return mission planning;2) supporting Earth-based astromaterials collection campaigns of meteorites and cosmic dust as they represent relatively inexpensive sample acquisition activities that continue to grow NASA’s astromaterials collections and enable new discoveries;3) preparing to curate and process samples under “cold” conditions to enable return of samples from volatile-rich Solar System targets like permanently shadowed regions on the lunar surface orcomets;4) determining how best to combine clean room technology and biosafety technology into one infrastructure to support curation of samples from bodies designated as Category V:Restricted Earth Return; and 5) supporting real-time monitoring and testing of curation labs to verify that sample processing environments remain clean from the standpoint of inorganic, organic, and biological contamination

Published
2020

4. Nonequilibrium spherulitic magnetite in the Ryugu samples

Author

Elena Dobrică, Hope A. Ishii, John P. Bradley, Kenta Ohtaki, Adrian J. Brearley, Takaaki Noguchi, Toru Matsumoto, Akira Miyake, Yohei Igami, Mitsutaka Haruta, Hikaru Saito, Satoshi Hata, Yusuke Seto, Masaaki Miyahara, Naotaka Tomioka, Hugues Leroux, Corentin Le Guillou, Damien Jacob, Francisco de la Peña, Sylvain Laforet, Maya Marinova, Falko Langenhorst, Dennis Harries, Pierre Beck, Thi H.V. Phan, Rolando Rebois, Neyda M. Abreu, Jennifer Gray, Thomas Zega, Pierre-M. Zanetta, Michelle S. Thompson, Rhonda Stroud, Kate Burgess, Brittany A. Cymes, John C. Bridges, Leon Hicks, Martin R. Lee, Luke Daly, Phil A. Bland, Michael E. Zolensky, David R. Frank, James Martinez, Akira Tsuchiyama, Masahiro Yasutake, Junya Matsuno, Shota Okumura, Itaru Mitsukawa, Kentaro Uesugi, Masayuki Uesugi, Akihisa Takeuchi, Mingqi Sun, Satomi Enju, Aki Takigawa, Tatsuhiro Michikami, Tomoki Nakamura, Megumi Matsumoto, Yusuke Nakauchi, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Ryuji Okazaki, Hikaru Yabuta, Hiroshi Naraoka, Kanako Sakamoto, Shogo Tachibana, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Aiko Nakato, Akiko Miyazaki, Kasumi Yogata, Masanao Abe, Tatsuaki Okada, Tomohiro Usui, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Satoshi Tanaka, Fuyuto Terui, Satoru Nakazawa, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Yuichi Tsuda, The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Kyoto University, Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Michel Eugène Chevreul - FR 2638 (IMEC), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Magnetite, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Geochemistry and Petrology, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Ryugu, Return samples, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Nonequilibrium, Aqueous alteration, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience; We have investigated several particles collected during each of two touchdowns of the Hayabusa2 spacecraft at the surface of the C-type asteroid 162173 Ryugu using various electron microscope techniques. Our detailed transmission electron microscopy study shows the presence of magnetite with various morphologies coexisting in close proximity. This is characteristic of CI chondrite-like materials and consistent with the mineral assemblages and compositions in the Ryugu parent body. We describe the microstructural characteristics of magnetite with different morphologies, which could have resulted from the chemical conditions (growth vs. diffusion rate) during their formation. Furthermore, we describe the presence of magnetites with a spherulitic structure composed of individual radiating fibers that are characterized by pervasive, homogeneously distributed euhedral to subhedral pores that have not been described in previous chondrite studies. This particular spherulitic structure is consistent with crystallization under nonequilibrium conditions. Additionally, the presence of a high density of defects within the magnetite fibers, the high surface/volume ratio of this morphology, and the presence of amorphous materials in several pores and at the edges of the acicular fibers further support their formation under nonequilibrium conditions. We suggest that the growth processes that lead to this structure result from the solution reaching a supersaturated state, resulting in an adjustment to a lower free energy condition via nucleation and rapid growth.

Published
2023

5. Re-distribution of volatiles on the airless surface of the C-type carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu

Author

Toru Matsumoto, Takaaki Noguchi, Akira Miyake, Yohei Igami, Mitsutaka Haruta, Yusuke Seto, Masaaki Miyahara, Naotaka Tomioka, Hikaru Saito, Satoshi Hata, Dennis Harries, Aki Takigawa, Yuusuke Nakauchi, Shogo Tachibana, Tomoki Nakamura, Megumi Matsumoto, Hope Ishii, John Bradley, Kenta Ohtaki, Elena Dobrică, Hugues Leroux, Corentin Le Guillou, Damien Jacob, Francisco de la Peña, Sylvain Laforet, Maya Marinova, Falko Langenhorst, Pierre Beck, Thi Phan, Rolando Rebois, Neyda Abreu, Jennifer Gray, Thomas Zega, Pierre-Marie Zanetta, Michelle Thompson, Rhonda Stroud, Katherine Burgess, Brittany Cymes, John Bridges, Leon Hicks, Martin Lee, Luke Daly, Phil Bland, Michael Zolensky, David Frank, James Martinez, Akira Tsuchiyama, Masahiro Yasutake, Junya Matsuno, Shota Okumura, Itaru Mitsukawa, Kentaro Uesugi, Masayuki Uesugi, Akihisa Takeuchi, Mingqi Sun, Satomi Enju, Tatsuhiro Michikami, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Ryuji Okazaki, Hikaru Yabuta, Hiroshi Naraoka, Kanako Sakamoto, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Aiko Nakato, Akiko Miyazaki, Kasumi Yogata, Masanao Abe, Tatsuaki Okada, Tomohiro Usui, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Satoshi Tanaka, Fuyuto Terui, Satoru Nakazawa, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, and Yuichi Tsuda

Abstract

Volatile components are abundant in carbonaceous asteroids and can be important tracers for the evolution of asteroid surfaces interacting with the space environment, but their behavior on airless surfaces is poorly understood. Samples from the C-type carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu show dehydration of phyllosilicate, indicating ongoing surface modifications on the aqueously-altered asteroid. Here we report the analysis of Ryugu samples showing selective liberation of carbon, oxygen, and sulfur from iron-rich oxide, sulfide, and carbonate, which are major products of aqueous alteration. These mineral surfaces are decomposed to metallic iron, iron nitride, and magnesium-iron oxide. The modifications are most likely caused by solar wind implantation and micrometeorite impacts and are distinct indicators of surface space exposure over 103 years. Nitridation of metallic iron may require micrometeorites rich in solid nitrogen compounds, which implies that the amount of nitrogen available for planetary formation in the inner solar system is larger than previously recognized.

Published
2023

6. Macromolecular organic matter in samples of the asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Author

Hikaru Yabuta, George D. Cody, Cécile Engrand, Yoko Kebukawa, Bradley De Gregorio, Lydie Bonal, Laurent Remusat, Rhonda Stroud, Eric Quirico, Larry Nittler, Minako Hashiguchi, Mutsumi Komatsu, Taiga Okumura, Jérémie Mathurin, Emmanuel Dartois, Jean Duprat, Yoshio Takahashi, Yasuo Takeichi, David Kilcoyne, Shohei Yamashita, Alexandre Dazzi, Ariane Deniset-Besseau, Scott Sandford, Zita Martins, Yusuke Tamenori, Takuji Ohigashi, Hiroki Suga, Daisuke Wakabayashi, Maximilien Verdier-Paoletti, Smail Mostefaoui, Gilles Montagnac, Jens Barosch, Kanami Kamide, Miho Shigenaka, Laure Bejach, Megumi Matsumoto, Yuma Enokido, Takaaki Noguchi, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Tomoki Nakamura, Ryuji Okazaki, Hiroshi Naraoka, Kanako Sakamoto, Harold C. Connolly, Dante S. Lauretta, Masanao Abe, Tatsuaki Okada, Toru Yada, Masahiro Nishimura, Kasumi Yogata, Aiko Nakato, Miwa Yoshitake, Ayako Iwamae, Shizuho Furuya, Kentaro Hatakeda, Akiko Miyazaki, Hiromichi Soejima, Yuya Hitomi, Kazuya Kumagai, Tomohiro Usui, Tasuku Hayashi, Daiki Yamamoto, Ryota Fukai, Seiji Sugita, Kohei Kitazato, Naru Hirata, Rie Honda, Tomokatsu Morota, Eri Tatsumi, Naoya Sakatani, Noriyuki Namiki, Koji Matsumoto, Rina Noguchi, Koji Wada, Hiroki Senshu, Kazunori Ogawa, Yasuhiro Yokota, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Yuri Shimaki, Manabu Yamada, Chikatoshi Honda, Tatsuhiro Michikami, Moe Matsuoka, Naoyuki Hirata, Masahiko Arakawa, Chisato Okamoto, Masateru Ishiguro, Ralf Jaumann, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Matthias Grott, Stefan Schröder, Katharina Otto, Cedric Pilorget, Nicole Schmitz, Jens Biele, Tra-Mi Ho, Aurélie Moussi-Soffys, Akira Miura, Hirotomo Noda, Tetsuya Yamada, Keisuke Yoshihara, Kosuke Kawahara, Hitoshi Ikeda, Yukio Yamamoto, Kei Shirai, Shota Kikuchi, Naoko Ogawa, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Go Ono, Yuya Mimasu, Kent Yoshikawa, Yuto Takei, Atsushi Fujii, Yu-ichi Iijima, Satoru Nakazawa, Satoshi Hosoda, Takahiro Iwata, Masahiko Hayakawa, Hirotaka Sawada, Hajime Yano, Ryudo Tsukizaki, Masanobu Ozaki, Fuyuto Terui, Satoshi Tanaka, Masaki Fujimoto, Makoto Yoshikawa, Takanao Saiki, Shogo Tachibana, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Yuichi Tsuda, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-18-CE31-0011,COMETOR,Origine de la poussière cométaire(2018), and European Project: 819587,HYDROMA

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Macromolecular organic carbonaceous samples asteroid Ryugu Hayabusa2 MASCOT
Abstract

International audience; INTRODUCTION: Organic compounds in asteroids and comets contain information about the early history of the Solar System. They could also have delivered organic material to early Earth. The Hayabusa2 spacecraft visited the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu and collected samples of its surface materials, which were brought to Earth in December 2020. RATIONALE: We investigated the macromolecular organic matter in the Ryugu samples, measuring its elemental, isotopic, and functional group compositions along with its small-scale structures and morphologies. Analytical methods used included spectro-microscopies, electron microscopy, and isotopic microscopy. We examined intact Ryugu grains and insoluble carbonaceous residues isolated by acid treatment of the Ryugu samples. RESULTS: Organic matter is abundant in the Ryugu grains, distributed as submicrometersized organic grains and as organic matter dispersed in matrix. The Ryugu organic matter consists of aromatic carbons, aliphatic carbons, ketones, and carboxyls. The functional group

Published
2023

7. A dehydrated space-weathered skin cloaking the hydrated interior of Ryugu

Author

Takaaki Noguchi, Toru Matsumoto, Akira Miyake, Yohei Igami, Mitsutaka Haruta, Hikaru Saito, Satoshi Hata, Yusuke Seto, Masaaki Miyahara, Naotaka Tomioka, Hope A. Ishii, John P. Bradley, Kenta K. Ohtaki, Elena Dobrică, Hugues Leroux, Corentin Le Guillou, Damien Jacob, Francisco de la Peña, Sylvain Laforet, Maya Marinova, Falko Langenhorst, Dennis Harries, Pierre Beck, Thi H. V. Phan, Rolando Rebois, Neyda M. Abreu, Jennifer Gray, Thomas Zega, Pierre-M. Zanetta, Michelle S. Thompson, Rhonda Stroud, Kate Burgess, Brittany A. Cymes, John C. Bridges, Leon Hicks, Martin R. Lee, Luke Daly, Phil A. Bland, Michael E. Zolensky, David R. Frank, James Martinez, Akira Tsuchiyama, Masahiro Yasutake, Junya Matsuno, Shota Okumura, Itaru Mitsukawa, Kentaro Uesugi, Masayuki Uesugi, Akihisa Takeuchi, Mingqi Sun, Satomi Enju, Aki Takigawa, Tatsuhiro Michikami, Tomoki Nakamura, Megumi Matsumoto, Yusuke Nakauchi, Masanao Abe, Masahiko Arakawa, Atsushi Fujii, Masahiko Hayakawa, Naru Hirata, Naoyuki Hirata, Rie Honda, Chikatoshi Honda, Satoshi Hosoda, Yu-ichi Iijima, Hitoshi Ikeda, Masateru Ishiguro, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Takahiro Iwata, Kousuke Kawahara, Shota Kikuchi, Kohei Kitazato, Koji Matsumoto, Moe Matsuoka, Yuya Mimasu, Akira Miura, Tomokatsu Morota, Satoru Nakazawa, Noriyuki Namiki, Hirotomo Noda, Rina Noguchi, Naoko Ogawa, Kazunori Ogawa, Tatsuaki Okada, Chisato Okamoto, Go Ono, Masanobu Ozaki, Takanao Saiki, Naoya Sakatani, Hirotaka Sawada, Hiroki Senshu, Yuri Shimaki, Kei Shirai, Seiji Sugita, Yuto Takei, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Satoshi Tanaka, Eri Tatsumi, Fuyuto Terui, Ryudo Tsukizaki, Koji Wada, Manabu Yamada, Tetsuya Yamada, Yukio Yamamoto, Hajime Yano, Yasuhiro Yokota, Keisuke Yoshihara, Makoto Yoshikawa, Kent Yoshikawa, Ryohta Fukai, Shizuho Furuya, Kentaro Hatakeda, Tasuku Hayashi, Yuya Hitomi, Kazuya Kumagai, Akiko Miyazaki, Aiko Nakato, Masahiro Nishimura, Hiromichi Soejima, Ayako I. Suzuki, Tomohiro Usui, Toru Yada, Daiki Yamamoto, Kasumi Yogata, Miwa Yoshitake, Harold C. Connolly, Dante S. Lauretta, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Kazuhide Nagashima, Noriyuki Kawasaki, Naoya Sakamoto, Ryuji Okazaki, Hikaru Yabuta, Hiroshi Naraoka, Kanako Sakamoto, Shogo Tachibana, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Yuichi Tsuda, Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, ENSCL, Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET) - UMR 8207, Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 [UMET], and Institut Chevreul - FR2638

Subjects
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract

Without a protective atmosphere, space-exposed surfaces of airless Solar System bodies gradually experience an alteration in composition, structure and optical properties through a collective process called space weathering. The return of samples from near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2 provides the first opportunity for laboratory study of space-weathering signatures on the most abundant type of inner solar system body: a C-type asteroid, composed of materials largely unchanged since the formation of the Solar System. Weathered Ryugu grains show areas of surface amorphization and partial melting of phyllosilicates, in which reduction from Fe3+ to Fe2+ and dehydration developed. Space weathering probably contributed to dehydration by dehydroxylation of Ryugu surface phyllosilicates that had already lost interlayer water molecules and to weakening of the 2.7 µm hydroxyl (–OH) band in reflectance spectra. For C-type asteroids in general, this indicates that a weak 2.7 µm band can signify space-weathering-induced surface dehydration, rather than bulk volatile loss.

Published
2022

10. Chemical composition of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu from synchrotron spectroscopy in the mid- to far-infrared of Hayabusa2-returned samples

Author

Emmanuel Dartois, Yoko Kebukawa, Hikaru Yabuta, Jérémie Mathurin, Cécile Engrand, Jean Duprat, Laure Bejach, Alexandre Dazzi, Ariane Deniset-Besseau, Lydie Bonal, Eric Quirico, Christophe Sandt, Ferenc Borondics, Jens Barosch, George D. Cody, Brad T. De Gregorio, Minako Hashiguchi, David A. L. Kilcoyne, Mutsumi Komatsu, Zita Martins, Megumi Matsumoto, Gilles Montagnac, Smail Mostefaoui, Larry R. Nittler, Takuji Ohigashi, Taiga Okumura, Laurent Remusat, Scott Sandford, Miho Shigenaka, Rhonda Stroud, Hiroki Suga, Yoshio Takahashi, Yasuo Takeichi, Yusuke Tamenori, Maximilien Verdier-Paoletti, Shohei Yamashita, Tomoki Nakamura, Tomoyo Morita, Mizuha Kikuiri, Kana Amano, Eiichi Kagawa, Takaaki Noguchi, Hiroshi Naraoka, Ryuji Okazaki, Kanako Sakamoto, Hisayoshi Yurimoto, Masanao Abe, Kanami Kamide, Akiko Miyazaki, Aiko Nakato, Satoru Nakazawa, Masahiro Nishimura, Tatsuaki Okada, Takanao Saiki, Shogo Tachibana, Satoshi Tanaka, Fuyuto Terui, Yuichi Tsuda, Tomohiro Usui, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, Toru Yada, Kasumi Yogata, Makoto Yoshikawa, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yokohama National University, Hiroshima University, Institut de Chimie Physique (ICP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carnegie Institution of Washington, US Naval Research Laboratory, Nagoya University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Waseda University [Tokyo, Japan], Universidade de Lisboa, Tohoku University [Sendai], Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon (Ens Lyon), Ultraviolet Synchrotron Orbital Radiation Facility (UVSOR), Institute for Molecular Science, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute [Hyogo] (JASRI), KEK (High energy accelerator research organization), Kyoto University, Kyushu University, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], and Kanagawa Institute of Technology

Subjects
meteoroids -methods: laboratory: solid statetechniques: imaging spectroscopy -techniques: spectroscopic -protoplanetary disks, asteroids: individual: Ryugu -meteorites, Space and Planetary Science, minor planets, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astronomy and Astrophysics, meteors, minor planets asteroids: individual: Ryugu -meteorites meteors meteoroids -methods: laboratory: solid statetechniques: imaging spectroscopy -techniques: spectroscopic -protoplanetary disks
Abstract

Context. The current period is conducive to exploring our Solar System's origins with recent and future space sample return missions, which provide invaluable information from known Solar System asteroids and comets The Hayabusa2 mission of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) recently brought back samples from the surface of the Ryugu carbonaceous asteroid. Aims. We aim to identify the different forms of chemical composition of organic matter and minerals that constitute these Solar System primitive objects, to shed light on the Solar System's origins. Methods. In this work, we recorded infrared (IR) hyper-spectral maps of whole-rock Ryugu asteroid samples at the highest achievable spatial resolution with a synchrotron in the mid-IR (MIR). Additional global far-IR (FIR) spectra of each sample were also acquired. Results. The hyper-spectral maps reveal the variability of the functional groups at small scales and the intimate association of phyl-losilicates with the aliphatic components of the organic matter present in Ryugu. The relative proportion of column densities of the identified IR functional groups (aliphatics, hydroxyl + interlayer and/or physisorbed water, carbonyl, carbonates, and silicates) giving access to the composition of the Ryugu samples is estimated from these IR hyper-spectral maps. Phyllosilicate spectra reveal the presence of mixtures of serpentine and saponite. We do not detect anhydrous silicates in the samples analysed, at the scales probed. The carbonates are dominated by dolomite. Aliphatics organics are distributed over the whole samples at the micron scale probed with the synchrotron, and intimately mixed with the phyllosilicates. The aromatic C=C contribution could not be safely deconvolved from OH in most spectra, due to the ubiquitous presence of hydrated minerals. The peak intensity ratios of the organics methylene to methyl (CH2/CH3) of the Ryugu samples vary between about 1.5 and 2.5, and are compared to the ratios in chondrites from types 1 to 3. Overall, the mineralogical and organic characteristics of the Ryugu samples show similarities with those of CI chondrites, although with a noticeably higher CH2/CH3 in Ryugu than generally measured in C1 chondrites collected on Earth, and possibly a higher carbonate content.

Published
2023

12. Strain Effects in Epitaxial VO

Author

Eric, Breckenfeld, Heungsoo, Kim, Katherine, Burgess, Nicholas, Charipar, Shu-Fan, Cheng, Rhonda, Stroud, and Alberto, Piqué

Abstract

Epitaxial VO

Published
2016

13. (Invited) Nanoscale Design and Modification of Plasmonic Aerogels for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Author

Jeremy Pietron, Paul A. DeSario, Catherine L. Pitman, Todd Brintlinger, Adam Dunkelberger, Olga A Baturina, Rhonda Stroud, Jeffrey C. Owrutsky, and Debra R. Rolison

Abstract

Composite catalytic aerogels comprise a highly-flexible design motif for the creation of solar fuels photocatalysts. We exploit the compositional and interfacial design flexibility of catalytic aerogels to couple surface plasmon resonant (SPR) guests to nanometric oxidation and reduction catalysts in one hierarchical photocatalytic composite architecture. In our composite aerogels, the nanoscale TiO2 aerogel acts as a 3D-interconnected network of nanowires that couples all of the functional elements required to photogenerate molecular hydrogen from visible light and water: visible light sensitization, electron and ion transport, and oxidation and reduction catalysis. We investigate the effects of synthetically modifying the TiO2 aerogel network and the nanoparticulate Au||TiO2 interfaces in plasmonic Au–TiO2 aerogels on light sensitization, carrier (electron–hole pair) generation, and photocatalytic H2 evolution under both broadband (i.e., UV + visible) and visible excitation. We also introduce oxidation and reduction co-catalyst nanoparticles into the plasmonic aerogels, creating composite aerogels that perform visible light SPR–driven photocatalytic reduction of water to generate H2. The nanostructured high surface–area network in the aerogel spatially and effectively separates charge while electrochemically connecting plasmonic nanoparticle sensitizers and metal nanoparticle all in one mesoscale architecture and at length scales compatible with the kinetics of each reaction. Reference: "Plasmonic aerogels as a 3D nanoscale platform for solar fuels photocatalysis.” P. A. DeSario, J. J. Pietron, A. Dunkelburger, T.H. Brintlinger, O. Baturina, R. M. Stroud, J. C. Owrutsky, and D. R. Rolison, Langmuir, 2017, 33, 9444–9454; doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01117 This work is supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research.

Published
2018

15. Oxidation−Stable Plasmonic Copper Nanoparticles in Photocatalytic TiO2 Nanoarchitectures

Author

Paul A. DeSario, Jeremy Pietron, Todd Brintlinger, Joseph F. Parker, Olga A Baturina, Rhonda Stroud, and Debra R. Rolison

Abstract

We describe the incorporation of plasmonic copper (Cu) nanoparticles into titania (TiO2) aerogels and demonstrate surface plasmon resonance (SPR)–driven photoelectrochemical oxidation of methanol under visible light. Copper could provide a more abundant, less expensive alternative to gold and silver as a visible light–active plasmonic metal, however, the propensity of Cu to oxidize at the expense of its plasmonic character greatly limits its potential applications. Most reports of supported, plasmonic Cu nanoparticles describe the necessity of preventing Cu oxidation by maintaining strictly anoxic environments or relying on surface-obscuring chemical stabilizers. We stabilize plasmonic Cu nanoparticles by establishing extensive interfacial contact between Cu nanoparticles and a TiO2 aerogel support. The multiple points of contact between 2–3 nm Cu nanoparticles photodeposited at the networked ~10 nm TiO2 particulates of the aerogel stabilizes Cu against oxidation to an extent that preserves the plasmonic behavior of the nanoparticles, even after long-term exposure to ambient air. The wavelength dependence of photoelectrochemical methanol oxidation at Cu/TiO2 aerogel photoanodes verifies the plasmonic origin of the photoelectrochemistry. Plasmonic behavior is not seen for Cu photodeposited at a commercially available, non-networked TiO2 nanopowder in which the primary particle size is ~10× greater than the size of the supported Cu particle. The divergent behavior of Cu when a 3D Cu||oxide interface is formed on aerogel supports compared to the 1D junction between Cu on commercial TiO2 nanopowder supports highlights the importance of the interfacial design motif on preserving plasmonic Cu.

Published
2017

16. Effects of Nanoscale Interfacial Design on Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Activity at Plasmonic Au–TiO2 and Au–TiO2/Pt Aerogels

Author

Jeremy Pietron, Paul A. DeSario, Todd Brintlinger, Olga A Baturina, Rhonda Stroud, and Debra R. Rolison

Abstract

We demonstrate that composite catalytic aerogels represent a superior materials design motif for the creation of solar fuels photocatalysts. We couple surface plasmon resonant (SPR) guests to the inherent compositional and interfacial design flexibility of catalytic aerogels to photogenerate molecular hydrogen (H2). We investigate the effects of synthetically modifying the TiO2 aerogel network and the nanoparticulate Au||TiO2 interfaces in plasmonic Au–TiO2 aerogels on H2 evolution under both broadband (i.e., UV + visible light) and visible excitation. We also introduce non-plasmonic Pt co-catalyst nanoparticles into our composite aerogels, creating Au–TiO2/Pt aerogels that perform visible light SPR-driven photocatalytic reduction of water to generate H2. The fuels production achieved with this multicomponent photocatalytic nanoreactor demonstrates that the nanostructured high-surface-area network in the aerogel can spatially and effectively separate charge while electrochemically connecting plasmonic nanoparticle sensitizers and metal nanoparticle. In doing so, we prove several crucial concepts: (1) integration of a plasmonic sensitizer with a separate water reduction co-catalyst within the ultraporous aerogel nanoarchitecture; (2) wiring the electron–hole pairs generated under visible light at the plasmonic Au||TiO2 interface to the co-catalyst via the nanoscale TiO2 network; and (3) combining both the photocatalytic oxidation and reduction reactions critical to solar fuels photocatalysis into one composite material at length scales compatible with the reaction kinetics. This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research.

Published
2017

17. Evidence for interstellar origin of seven dust particles collected by the Stardust spacecraft

Author

Westphal, Andrew J., Rhonda Stroud, Bechtel, Hans A., Brenker, Frank E., Butterworth, Anna L., Flynn, George J., Frank, David R., Gainsforth, Zack, Hillier, Jon K., Postberg, Frank, Simionovici, Alexandre S., Sterken, Veerle J., Nittler, Larry R., Allen, Carlton, Anderson, David, Ansari, Asna, Bajt, Sasa, Bastien, Ron K., Bassim, Nabil, Bridges, John, Brownlee, Donald E., Burchell, Mark, Burghammer, Manfred, Changela, Hitesh, Cloetens, Peter, Davis, Andrew M., Doll, Ryan, Floss, Christine, Gruen, Eberhard, Heck, Philipp R., Hoppe, Peter, Hudson, Bruce, Huth, Joachim, Kearsley, Anton, King, Ashley J., Lai, Barry, Leitner, Jan, Lemelle, Laurence, Leonard, Ariel, Leroux, Hugues, Lettieri, Robert, Marchant, William, Ogliore, Ryan, Ong, Wei Jia, Price, Mark C., Sandford, Scott A., Tresseras, Juan-Angel Sans, Schmitz, Sylvia, Schoonjans, Tom, Schreiber, Kate, Silversmit, Geert, Sole, Vicente A., Srama, Ralf, Stadermann, Frank, Stephan, Thomas, Stodolna, Julien, Sutton, Stephen, Trieloff, Mario, Tsou, Peter, Tyliszczak, Tolek, Vekemans, Bart, Vincze, Laszlo, Korff, Joshua, Wordsworth, Naomi, Zevin, Daniel, Zolensky, Michael E., Stardust Home, Dusters, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Matériaux et Transformations - UMR 8207 (UMET), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, State University of New York at Plattsburgh (SUNY Plattsburgh), State University of New York (SUNY), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Stuttgart, Carnegie Institution for Science, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), University of Leicester, University of Washington [Seattle], University of Kent [Canterbury], Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), University of Chicago, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Inconnu, National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA), and United States Department of Energy (DOE)

Subjects
GRAINS, IMPACTS, Solar System, RETURN, Comet dust, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dust particles, COMET 81P/WILD 2, Astrophysics, WILD-2, Astrobiology, EVENTS, Interplanetary dust cloud, SIZE DISTRIBUTION, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmic dust, INTERPLANETARY DUST, Physics, Multidisciplinary, Spacecraft, business.industry, AEROGEL, WIND, Debris, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, Earth (classical element)
Abstract

Can you spot a speck of space dust? NASA's Stardust spacecraft has been collecting cosmic dust: Aerogel tiles and aluminum foil sat for nearly 200 days in the interstellar dust stream before returning to Earth. Citizen scientists identified most of the 71 tracks where particles were caught in the aerogel, and scanning electron microscopy revealed 25 craterlike features where particles punched through the foil. By performing trajectory and composition analysis, Westphal et al. report that seven of the particles may have an interstellar origin. These dust particles have surprisingly diverse mineral content and structure as compared with models of interstellar dust based on previous astronomical observations. Science , this issue p. 786

Published
2014

18. (Invited) Solution-Processing Routes to Conductive Ultrathin Films of Ruthenium Dioxide...on Any Substrate

Author

Debra R. Rolison, Irina R. Pala, Martin D. Donakowski, Christopher N. Chervin, Jeffrey W. Long, Rhonda Stroud, Todd Brintlinger, and Xiao Liu

Abstract

The deposition of continuous, ultrathin, conductive films from liquid-phase is still a rare processing outcome. We have demonstrated that RuO2 can be deposited from chilled, nonaqueous solutions of RuO4 as an ~10 nm–thick film on planar substrates using a scalable, atom-efficient, self-limiting synthetic protocol [1]. The versatility of this protocol is exemplified in that deposition ensues on any type of substrate—metal, semiconductor, ceramic, polymer, or salt—or whether the substrate is planar, curved, or non-line-of-sight [1–3]. The resulting air- and water-stable conductive oxide, even though nanoscopic, is electrically conductive and broadband transparent over an uncommonly wide range for an oxide—from UV to microwave—far surpassing the spectral window of indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) [1]. Recently, we were able to isolate square centimeters of self-supporting, ultrathin RuO2 films, by releasing them from soluble substrates. The freestanding films are also conductive and transparent, exhibiting unexpected mechanical flexibility and strength. They can then be manipulated and further characterized by being placed on holders (i.e., TEM grids) or devices (i.e. nanofabricated stages for mechanical or thermal transport measurements). We will provide an overview of the synthetic methods and the characterization of this ultrathin, disordered material, including optical, structural, thermal and mechanical properties. [1] D.R. Rolison, J.W. Long, C.N. Chervin, J.C. Lytle, and K.A. Pettigrew, U.S. Patent #8,889,257; J.W. Long, J.C. Owrutsky, C.N. Chervin, D.R. Rolison, J.S. Melinger, U.S. Patent, issued 9-Dec-2014. [2] C.N. Chervin, A.M. Lubers, K.A. Pettigrew, J.W. Long, M.A. Westgate, J.J. Fontanella, D.R. Rolison, Nano Lett. 9 (2009) 2316–2321. [3] C.P. Rhodes, J.W. Long, K.A. Pettigrew, R.M. Stroud, and D.R. Rolison, Nanoscale 3 (2011) 1731–1740.

Published
2015

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