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Length–weight relationships (LWRs) are presented for 11 species [Acrossocheilus monticola (Gunther, 1888), Squalidus wolterstorffi (Regan, 1908), Sinibrama taeniatus (Nichols, 1941), Gnathopogon herzensteini (Gunther, 1896), Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874), Rhodeus lighti (Wu, 1931), Platysmacheilus nudiventris Luo, Le & Chen, 1977, Hemibagrus macropterus Bleeker, 1870, Glyptothorax fokiensis (Rendahl, 1925), Liobagrus marginatoides (Wu, 1930), Sinogastromyzon szechuanensis Fang, 1930] from the Nuoshuihe Precious Water Animal National Nature Reserve in southwestern China. Samples were collected bimonthly with trap‐nets (mesh size: 5 × 5 mm; height 0.3 m; width 0.4 m; length 7 m) from 2015 to 2016.

Phylogenetic placement of Rhodeus lighti (R. lighti) remains unresolved. We determined the first complete mitochondrial genome of R. lighti (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). The genome is 16,597 bp in length. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 2 non-coding regions. The gene composition and order were similar to most of the other vertebrates. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of R. lighti should contribute towards clarifying the systematics of Rhodeus fishes. The phylogenetic relationships using partitioned Neighbor-Joining tree indicated that (((((Pseudorasbora, Rhodeus) Ctenopharyngodon) (Acheilognathus, Tanakia) Carassius)) Danio rerio). This study will contribute to confirm the phylogenetic status of Rhodeus within family Cyprinidae.