2,153 results on '"Revanth"'
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2. Analysis of Risk Factors and Outcomes of Fontan Procedure in Single Ventricular Repair: A Retrospective Observational Study
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Gradlin Roy Justin, Revanth Maramreddy, Sirisha Peesapati, and Sachin Mahajan
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fontan operation ,pulmonary artery pressure ,protein losing enteropathy ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: The Fontan operation is a surgical technique used to treat cyanotic heart diseases with single ventricle physiology. Although it has undergone several modifications since its inception in 1971, it is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Aim: To examine the outcomes of the Fontan operation and identify various risk factors associated with it. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh, India from January 2014 to December 2017. All patients who underwent the Fontan operation at PGIMER were included in the study. The study analysed outcomes such as survival, arrhythmias, neurological complications, heart failure, cirrhosis, and Protein Losing Enteropathy (PLE) following the Fontan operation. Various risk factors that could potentially influence the outcome of the Fontan operation were assessed, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 25.0. The Chi-square test was utilised to determine predictors of survival and other longterm outcomes, with a p-value of
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- 2023
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3. Buccal Administration of a Zika Virus Vaccine Utilizing 3D-Printed Oral Dissolving Films in a Mouse Model
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Sarthak Shah, Parth Patel, Amarae Ferguson, Priyal Bagwe, Akanksha Kale, Emmanuel Adediran, Revanth Singh, Tanisha Arte, Dedeepya Pasupuleti, Mohammad N. Uddin, and Martin D’Souza
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Zika ,buccal ,orally dissolving films (ODFs) ,mucoadhesive film ,Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) ,nanotechnology ,Medicine - Abstract
Over the years, research regarding the Zika virus has been steadily increasing. Early immunization for ZIKV is a priority for preventing complications such as microencephaly and Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS). Unlike traditional vaccination approaches, oral dissolving films (ODFs) or mucoadhesive film technology is an emerging, exciting concept that can be used in the field of pharmaceuticals for vaccine design and formulation development. This attractive and novel method can help patients who suffer from dysphagia as a complication of a disease or syndrome. In this study, we investigated a microparticulate Zika vaccine administered via the buccal route with the help of thin films or oral dissolving films (ODFs) with a prime dose and two booster doses two weeks apart. In vitro, the ODFs displayed excellent physiochemical properties, indicating that the films were good carriers for vaccine microparticles and biocompatible with the buccal mucosa. In vivo results revealed robust humoral (IgG, subtypes IgG1 and IgG2a) and T-cell responses (CD4+/CD8+) for ZIKV-specific immunity. Both the Zika MP vaccine and the adjuvanted Zika MP vaccine affected memory (CD45R/CD27) and intracellular cytokine (TNF-α and IL-6) expression. In this study, ZIKV vaccination via the buccal route with the aid of ODFs demonstrated great promise for the development of pain-free vaccines for infectious diseases.
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- 2024
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4. Intranasal Immunization for Zika in a Pre-Clinical Model
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Sarthak Shah, Parth Patel, Priyal Bagwe, Akanksha Kale, Amarae Ferguson, Emmanuel Adediran, Tanisha Arte, Revanth Singh, Mohammad N. Uddin, and Martin J. D’Souza
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Zika ,intranasal ,vaccine ,microparticles ,Guillain–Barré syndrome ,microcephaly ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Humans continue to be at risk from the Zika virus. Although there have been significant research advancements regarding Zika, the absence of a vaccine or approved treatment poses further challenges for healthcare providers. In this study, we developed a microparticulate Zika vaccine using an inactivated whole Zika virus as the antigen that can be administered pain-free via intranasal (IN) immunization. These microparticles (MP) were formulated using a double emulsion method developed by our lab. We explored a prime dose and two-booster-dose vaccination strategy using MPL-A® and Alhydrogel® as adjuvants to further stimulate the immune response. MPL-A® induces a Th1-mediated immune response and Alhydrogel® (alum) induces a Th2-mediated immune response. There was a high recovery yield of MPs, less than 5 µm in size, and particle charge of −19.42 ± 0.66 mV. IN immunization of Zika MP vaccine and the adjuvanted Zika MP vaccine showed a robust humoral response as indicated by several antibodies (IgA, IgM, and IgG) and several IgG subtypes (IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG3). Vaccine MP elicited a balance Th1- and Th2-mediated immune response. Immune organs, such as the spleen and lymph nodes, exhibited a significant increase in CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell cellular response in both vaccine groups. Zika MP vaccine and adjuvanted Zika MP vaccine displayed a robust memory response (CD27 and CD45R) in the spleen and lymph nodes. Adjuvanted vaccine-induced higher Zika-specific intracellular cytokines than the unadjuvanted vaccine. Our results suggest that more than one dose or multiple doses may be necessary to achieve necessary immunological responses. Compared to unvaccinated mice, the Zika vaccine MP and adjuvanted MP vaccine when administered via intranasal route demonstrated robust humoral, cellular, and memory responses. In this pre-clinical study, we established a pain-free microparticulate Zika vaccine that produced a significant immune response when administered intranasally.
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- 2024
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5. Evaluation of the Evan’s and Bicaudate index for South Karnataka Population using computed tomography
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Praveen Basavaraj Kumbar, Anil Kumar Sakalecha, Chaithanya A, Rajeswari G, Revanth RB, and Jayendra Mannan
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evan’s index ,bicaudate index ,widest anterior horn width ,inner diameter of the skull ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Radiological markers that are useful in the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus include the Bicaudate index (BCI) and the Evans index (EI), which are practical indicators of ventricular volume. Worldwide, variation exists in normative studies for both these indices. The majority of research for EI and BCI is based on data from the Western population. The study has been performed on the South Karnataka population. Aims and Objectives: This study’s goal is to derive age and gender specific cutoff values on normative data of Evans and BCI. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and observational study.Patients referred to “RL Jalappa Hospital” for computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain who meet the inclusion criteria will be included in this study. CT brain of all the patients will be performed in Siemens Somatom emotion 16 slice CT scanner. Ninety-seven were selected for this study, and EI and BCI were calculated for them. Results: The mean value of EI and BCI in our study was 0.26±0.02 and 0.1167±0.02, respectively. The difference in EI and BCI between males and females shown significant statistical difference between males and females but the values increased as increase in age. Conclusion: Our study for South Indian population concludes that EI and BCI have a significant statistical difference between males and females. Both EI and BCI values increase with age. Hence cutoff values of EI and BCI index according to age and gender are important for evaluation of hydrocephalus.
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- 2023
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6. Hematogones: The Supreme Mimicker and a Cytomorphological Confounder in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Kanwaljeet Singh, Dwarika Tiwari, Revanth Boddu, Venkatesan Somasundarum, and Kundan Mishra
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bone marrow ,flow cytometry ,hematogones ,immunophenotyping ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective B-lymphocyte progenitors, namely the hematogones (HGs), may pose problems in morphological assessment of bone marrow, not only during the diagnostic workup but also while evaluating bone marrow for remission status following chemotherapy. Here, we describe a series of 12 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that included both B-ALL and T-ALL cases, which were evaluated for remission status and revealed blast-like mononuclear cells in bone marrow in the range of 6 to 26%, which on immunophenotypic analysis turned out to be HGs. Materials and Methods This is a case series of 12 ALL cases who were undergoing treatment at the Army Hospital (Referral and Research), New Delhi. All these cases were under workup for post-induction status (day 28) and to check for suspected ALL relapse. Bone marrow aspirate (BMA), biopsy, and immunophenotyping were performed. Multicolored flow cytometry was performed using CD10, CD20, CD22, CD34, CD19, and CD38 antibodies panel. Results BMA assessment of 12 cases revealed a maximum of 26% blastoid cells and a minimum of up to 6%, raising the suspicion of hematological relapse. However, on clinical assessment, these patients were well preserved, with preserved peripheral counts. Hence, marrow aspirates were subjected to flow cytometry using the CD markers panel, as discussed above, which revealed HGs. These cases were followed by minimal residual disease (MRD) analysis that revealed MRD-negative status, further confirming our findings. Conclusion This case series highlights the importance of morphology and bone marrow immunophenotyping in unveiling the diagnostic dilemma in post-induction ALL patients.
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- 2023
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7. Identification of potential antiviral lead inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: Structure-guided virtual screening, docking, ADME, and MD Simulation based approach
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Goverdhan Lanka, Revanth Bathula, Balaram Ghosh, and Sarita Rajender Potlapally
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COVID-19 ,Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 ,Structure-based virtual screening ,Docking ,Induced fit docking ,ADME ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was caused by a new strain of the virus SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019 emerged as deadly pandemic that affected millions of people worldwide. Factors such as lack of effective drugs, vaccine resistance, gene mutations, and cost of repurposed drugs demand new potential inhibitors. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 has a key role in viral replication and transcription and is considered as drug target for new lead identification. In this present work, structure-based virtual screening, docking, MM/GBSA, AutoDock, ADME, and MD simulations-based optimization was proposed for the identification of new potential inhibitors against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. The ligand molecules M1, M3, and M6 were identified as potential leads from lead optimization. Induced fit docking was performed for the identification of the best poses of lead molecules. The best docked poses of potential leads M1 and M3 were subject to 100 ns MD simulations for the evaluation of stability and interaction analysis into Mpro active site. The structures of the top two leads M1 and M3 were optimized based on MD simulation conformational changes and isoster scanning, designed as new leads M7 and M8. The MD simulation trajectories RMSD, RMSF, protein-ligand, ligand-protein interaction plots, and ligand torsion profiles were analyzed for stability interpretation. The docked complexes of M7 and M8 of Mpro exhibited equilibrated and converged plots in 100 ns simulation. The lead molecules M1, M3, M7, and M8 were identified as potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors for COVID-19 disease. A comparative docking study was carried out using FDA-approved drugs to support the potential binding affinities of newly identified lead inhibitors.
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- 2023
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8. Clinical outcomes of septal myectomy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with refractory symptoms: A single institutional experience from India
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Revanth Maramreddy, Ajay Bahl, and Shyam Kumar Singh Tingnam
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ,Left ventricular outflow tract ,Mitral regurgitation ,Systolic anterior motion ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Myectomy is the surgical procedure for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with refractory symptoms There is limited data available regarding the role of myectomy in HCM among the Indian population. This study is intended to assess the outcomes of myectomy in HCM. Methods: Change in the gradient across the left ventricular outflow tract and severity of mitral regurgitation after myectomy were studied using echocardiography. Functional status, exercise tolerance, and cardiac rhythm of the patients were studied before and after myectomy. Results: The study consists of eleven patients with HCM. Four patients were in NYHA grade II, seven were in NYHA grade III before surgery. After surgery nine were in NYHA grade I and two were in NYHA grade II. Exercise tolerance of the study group was in the range of 1 min before surgery and it improved to 6.27 min after surgery. LVOT gradient before surgery was 108.81 and 112.45 mm of Hg on TTE and TEE respectively and it was 17.9 and 15.63 mm of Hg on TEE and TTE respectively after myectomy. On TTE eight patients had severe MR and three had moderate MR before surgery, while nine of them had severe MR and two had moderate MR on TEE. In the immediate post-operative period nine had mild MR, one had moderate MR, whereas the remaining one patient underwent MVR. TTE at six months revealed mild MR in seven, moderate MR in two patients and one had no MR. Conclusions: Surgical septal myectomy is an effective treatment modality for obstructive HCM.
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- 2023
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9. Multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of buccal mucosa cancer
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Nikhilendra Reddy AVS, Deepti Naik, Anil Kumar Sakalecha, Rajeswari G, Yashas Ullas L, Revanth RB, and Suryakanth Anne
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buccal mucosa ,cancer staging ,computed tomography scan ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent kind of tumor of the buccal mucosa. For the purpose of planning surgery and radiotherapy for tumors of the tongue, floor of the mouth, and oropharyx, imaging to locate the size and extent of the original tumor is essential. Therefore, it is beneficial to determine the radiation field, to ensure adequate tumor margin excision, and overall to improve the patient’s prognosis. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of computed tomography (CT) scan in diagnosis of buccal mucosal malignancies and its characteristics. Materials and Methods: Total 50 patients suspecting buccal mucosa cancer were referred to Radiology Department. They were subjected for CT scan examination on 16 slice CT scanner. CT scan evaluation was made for size and extent of primary mass lesion. The staging of disease was performed with TNM classification. Results: In our study, out of 50 patients, the fourth decade (30%) and fifth decade (26%) saw the highest incidence of buccal mucosa cancer. The majority of the patients were suffering from severe disease; 44% had T4 stage and 58% had Stage IV. Conclusion: CT plays a very important role in staging of buccal mucosa malignancy and effectively detects bone erosion (98% sensitive) and invasion to infratemporal fossa. However, during the early stages of cancer, a CT scan might not be very helpful.
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- 2023
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10. Influence of GGBS and Mono Steel Fiber on Strength Characteristics of Self-Compacting Concrete
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Revanth S., Vivek S.S., Fernando P.A. Edwin, Karthikeyan B., Jaishankar P., Kanchidurai S., Rathinakumar V., Rajakumar U., and Aravind S.
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scc ,ggbs ,steel fibers ,fresh properties ,mechanical properties ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
In recent scenarios, self-compacting concrete (SCC) has played a vital role in the construction industry. In the fresh state, SCC has flow ability, passing ability, and filling ability. SCC also had better strength and durability properties. The addition of fiber content in SCC could improve the tensile properties. The present research aims to investigate the strength aspects of SCC using a combination of steel fibers with mineral admixture namely Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) in constant 30%. The fresh properties of SCC were highly influenced by GGBS since it is used as a powder content/ fines. However, the addition of steel fibers (STF) from 0% to 2% with an increment of 0.5% has decreased the flowability property in SCC. From the obtained results, the addition of 2% STF along with 30% GGBS has improved the strength when compared to the control mix of the same grade and also resisted the crack propagations.
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- 2024
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11. Sonoelastographic evaluation of plantar fascia in patients with plantar fasciitis: A case–control study
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Revanth RB, Rajeswari, Deepti Naik, Yashas Ullas L, Suraj HS, and Nikhilendra Reddy AVS
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elasticity imaging techniques ,fasciitis ,plantar ,sonoelastography ,ultrasonography ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Plantar fascitis causes heel pain and the thickened fascia has specific morphological features that can be utilized for early diagnosis through sonoelastographic evaluation. Aims and Objectives: This case–control study was conducted to find out the role of sonoelastography in the diagnosis of plantar fasciitis (PF). Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted in the department of radiodiagnosis in a teaching medical college. Thirty clinically diagnosed PF patients and thirty controls were recruited based on selection criteria. Shear wave elastography (SWE) was done for all participants and the thickness of plantar fascia and strain ratio was compared between the groups. Plantar fascia thickness (mm) and elasticity (stain ratio) were considered as the primary outcome variable. coGuide software was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the cases was 46.73±16.92 years and controls was 47.5±16.1 years. There was no statistical difference observed between cases and controls in age, sex, and body mass index. There was a statistically significant difference in thickness of the plantar fascia (P
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- 2022
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12. A case study of recurrent myocardial infarction secondary to socioeconomic challenges and nonadherence: Pre-discharge screening
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Revanth Kosaraju, Sami Natour, Stanley Yuan, and Geoffrey Cho
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Medication nonadherence following myocardial infarction (MI) is prevalent and increases the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Socioeconomic factors including medication cost, financial insecurity, and poor health literacy are associated with nonadherence. We present a patient with a history of recurrent MI who was nonadherent due to socioeconomic challenges. Our patient subsequently developed ST-elevation MI secondary to in-stent thrombosis. This case illustrates the importance of pre-discharge screening for barriers to adherence.
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- 2023
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13. P289: A rare case of Ferguson-Bonni neurodevelopmental syndrome with cleft palate
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Katherine Mascia and Revanth Venkata Sai Shanmukh Sanagapalli
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Genetics ,QH426-470 ,Medicine - Published
- 2023
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14. Benchmark instances for road network repair and restoration problems in the context of disaster response operations
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Luana Souza Almeida, Revanth Kodali, and Floris Goerlandt
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Natural disaster ,Roads network ,Road clearing ,Prize collecting ,Arc routing ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
This article presents a database which contains a comprehensive and systematically varied set of network instances. These can be applied as benchmarks for multiple road repair and restoration problems in the context of natural disasters. The characteristics of the instances vary in terms of network size, intensity and type of disaster affecting the road network, the epicenter's location, and the number of sub-networks in which the initial network is divided after the disaster occurs. The instances were developed primarily for the Multi-vehicle Prize Collecting Arc Routing for Connectivity Problem (KPC-ARCP). These are however easily adaptable to other well-known connectivity, vehicle routing, and facility location problems in the Operations Research literature. The instances are available on a public repository, as is the Python code to generate the instances.
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- 2022
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15. Combined use of video laryngoscope and flexible bronchoscope as rescue therapy for tracheal intubation on repeated failure – A case study
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Swati Singh and Revanth
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Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Published
- 2023
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16. Dialog Flow Induction for Constrainable LLM-Based Chatbots
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Agrawal, Stuti, Uppuluri, Nishi, Pillai, Pranav, Reddy, Revanth Gangi, Li, Zoey, Tur, Gokhan, Hakkani-Tur, Dilek, and Ji, Heng
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Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
LLM-driven dialog systems are used in a diverse set of applications, ranging from healthcare to customer service. However, given their generalization capability, it is difficult to ensure that these chatbots stay within the boundaries of the specialized domains, potentially resulting in inaccurate information and irrelevant responses. This paper introduces an unsupervised approach for automatically inducing domain-specific dialog flows that can be used to constrain LLM-based chatbots. We introduce two variants of dialog flow based on the availability of in-domain conversation instances. Through human and automatic evaluation over various dialog domains, we demonstrate that our high-quality data-guided dialog flows achieve better domain coverage, thereby overcoming the need for extensive manual crafting of such flows., Comment: Accepted at SIGDIAL 2024
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- 2024
17. Small Signal Capacitance in Ferroelectric HZO: Mechanisms and Physical Insights
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Koduru, Revanth, Saha, Atanu K., Frank, Martin M., and Gupta, Sumeet K.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Physics - Computational Physics - Abstract
This study presents a theoretical investigation of the physical mechanisms governing small signal capacitance in ferroelectrics, focusing on Hafnium Zirconium Oxide. Utilizing a time-dependent Ginzburg Landau formalism-based 2D multi-grain phase-field simulation framework, we simulate the capacitance of metal-ferroelectric-insulator-metal (MFIM) capacitors. Our simulation methodology closely mirrors the experimental procedures for measuring ferroelectric small signal capacitance, and the outcomes replicate the characteristic butterfly capacitance-voltage behavior. We delve into the components of the ferroelectric capacitance associated with the dielectric response and polarization switching, discussing the primary physical mechanisms - domain bulk response and domain wall response - contributing to the butterfly characteristics. We explore their interplay and relative contributions to the capacitance and correlate them to the polarization domain characteristics. Additionally, we investigate the impact of increasing domain density with ferroelectric thickness scaling, demonstrating an enhancement in the polarization capacitance component (in addition to the dielectric component). We further analyze the relative contributions of the domain bulk and domain wall responses across different ferroelectric thicknesses. Lastly, we establish the relation of polarization capacitance components to the capacitive memory window (for memory applications) and reveal a non-monotonic dependence of the maximum memory window on HZO thickness.
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- 2024
18. Advances in traumatic brain injury research in 2020: A review article
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Revanth Goda and P Sarat Chandra
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evidence ,research ,traumatic brain injury ,treatment ,trials ,Medicine - Abstract
Perhaps in no other area of neurosurgery, has a greater research been done as in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite this, TBI remains one of the biggest killers around the world and especially in India. Decompressive craniotomy still remains one of the mainstay paradigms in the management of TBI. The following article explores several new modalities of treatment, and these include the role of beta-blockers for TBI, updates on decompressive craniotomy, the results of DECRA and RESCUEicp trials, diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in TBI, vascular dysfunction, neuroimaging, and role of neuroinflammation in TBI.
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- 2021
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19. Sustainable Facial Authentication and Expression Prediction using Deep Learning Techniques
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Rajasekhar N., Sreekar T., Revanth D., Karthik S., and Sadhna Awasthi S.
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
To make machines more human-like, computer vision is essential. Computer vision is a field that focuses on mimicking the capabilities of the human visual framework to capture high-level understanding from enhanced images or recordings. Such a computer vision application gives the machine the ability to recognize a person and detect their emotions in order to process them appropriately. Facial verification can be a process of identifying or validating an object through an image, video, or any audio-visual component of their face. It could be a biometric discriminant proof strategy that works directly and confronts measures of discriminating individuals through their facial design and biometric information. The innovation collects a unique set of biometric information from each individual regarding their face and facial expressions to identify an individual. Facial sensory recognition can be an innovation used to analyse estimates from a variety of sources, such as images and recordings. It makes a difference as machines get better the way humans do and treat them according to their emotions. We are using a deep learning computation called Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to prepare for this demonstration that determines the sentiment of certain input images. We need to pre-process the images to prepare and test the model. For pre-processing, we do image enhancement combining resizing, equalizing and converting the image to grayscale for the machine to achieve. This demonstration can have multiple applications in both surveillance and feedback systems.
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- 2023
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20. Hypertensive encephalopathy with locked-in syndrome mimicking brain death: An unusual case of Krait envenomation with literature review.
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Revanth Baineni, Ramesh Mallavarapu, Bhanuprasad Devarapalli, and Venkata Paturi
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snakebite ,hypertension ,coma ,Toxicology. Poisons ,RA1190-1270 - Abstract
Introduction: Neuroparalytic snake bite is a serious life-threatening hazard all over the world, especially in tropical countries of South-East Asia. But it is one of the most neglected tropical diseases. Patients can present with envenomation signs without a history of snakebite or an identifiable bite mark. Apart from neuroparalysis, symptoms of autonomic dysfunction can also be seen with krait envenomation. Case Report: 11-year-old girl presented with early morning sudden onset altered sensorium. On examination found to have absent spontaneous respirations, severe hypertension, dilated pupils, and absent brainstem reflexes, so labeled as probable brain death. Later with control of hypertension, she was able to respond by blinking but had severe neuroparalysis. There was no evidence of snakebite but with a strong suspicion of krait envenomation, anti-snake venom was given empirically and continued ventilatory support, following which child had a complete recovery. Discussion: As the majority of krait bites occur during sleep and due to its painless nature, they often go unnoticed. Also, krait bite leaves very fine puncture marks and the local reaction is markedly absent, so fang marks couldn’t be easily identified. Autonomic dysfunction following krait envenomation can present as abdominal pain, vomiting, sweating, mydriasis, fluctuation of heart rate and blood pressure, and paralytic ileus. In severe krait envenomation, complete paralysis of all voluntary muscles leads to quadriplegia and anathria which resembles locked-in syndrome. Locked-in syndrome when associated with internal ophthalmoplegia can mimic brain death. Conclusion: Snakebite should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained neuroparalysis and hypertension. Envenomation should not be excluded by the absence of a history of snakebite or identifiable bite mark.
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- 2020
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21. Asymptomatic Giant Aneurysm of the Arteria Lusoria Treated by Debranching and Aneurysmal Resection
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Aadithiyavikram Venkatesan, Akhilesh Gonuguntla, Anila Vasireddy, Guruprasad D Rai, Ganesh Sevagur Kamath, Arvind Kumar Bishnoi, and Revanth Maramreddy
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aberrant subclavian artery ,aneurysm ,computed tomography angiography ,thoracotomy ,left heart bypass ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
The aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA, arteria lusoria) is the most common intrathoracic vascular anomaly, affecting up to 2% of the population. However, aneurysms of congenital anomalies are extremely unusual and often present with dysphagia, dysphonia, or dyspnea due to compression of the surrounding structures. We report a case of an asymptomatic 57-year-old male with chronic kidney disease who was incidentally found to have a large aneurysm of the ARSA on preoperative computed tomography for laparoscopic nephrectomy. Surgery is unequivocally warranted as these aneurysms are associated with a high risk of complications, including thrombosis, embolism, and rupture. We debranched the ARSA, followed by anastomosis to the right carotid artery through a right neck incision. Subsequently, aneurysmal resection was performed through left thoracotomy. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery and was asymptomatic during the follow-up.
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- 2022
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22. Pathological Features of Lung in COVID-19 Disease Subjects: A Postmortem Study
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Bhanu Rekha Bokam, Chetana Gondi, and Revanth Kumar Nakka
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acute lung injury ,core needle biopsy ,coronavirus disease-2019 ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: The current Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is considered as one of the most serious public health crises which caused more than 1.62 million deaths from October 2020 to November 2020. Acute respiratory failure is leading cause of death followed by sepsis, cardiac failure and haemorrhage. Since the pathological findings are diverse in COVID-19 and majority of studies in literature were by open autopsy; the present study was done using percutaneous core needle biopsy. Postmortem lung biopsies are rather easy and quick to perform and decrease the infective risk caused by full autopsies. This could be an essential tool for diagnosis, surveillance and research. Aim: To study the pathological features of lung in COVID-19 deceased patients by postmortem. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India from October 2020 to November 2020. In present study, postmortem percutaneous core needle biopsies from lung were performed within two hours of death from eight deceased patients who died of COVID-19. Clinical history, inflammatory markers and treatment details were collected from case sheets, biopsy was done, specimen was collected and sent for pathological examination. Data was presented in the descriptive form for each variable. Results: Out of eight cases, five were men and three were women with a mean age of 54.12 years. Majority of patients presented with complaints of shortness of breath and fever. Hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypothyroidism, history of pulmonary tuberculosis were the co-morbidities noticed. Four biopsies presented acute lung injury with hyaline membrane changes, Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD) with hyaline membrane was seen in two cases, squamous metaplasia was seen in two cases and acute lung injury with organising pneumonia was seen in two cases. Conclusion: Postmortem lung biopsies are safe, easy to perform and provide insights of possible undergoing pathology of the disease with regard to clinical presentation.
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- 2022
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23. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Using a Single-Dye Technique in a Cancer Center of North-East India
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Gaurav Das, Revanth Kodali, Sachin Khanna, Joydeep Purkayastha, Abhijit Talukdar, and Lopamudra Kakoti
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breast cancer ,melanoma ,methylene blue ,penile cancer ,sentinel node ,single-dye technique ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Background Sentinel lymph node (SLN) is the first node to receive the drainage directly from a tumor. SLN biopsy can be done in lieu of a formal lymphadenectomy in selected clinically node-negative cancers and minimizes morbidity compared with the latter. Methods This prospective study was done in patients with operable clinically node-negative breast cancer, penile cancer, and malignant melanoma of extremities in a cancer center of North-east India from January 2019 to December 2019. All the patients underwent formal lymph nodal dissection after the SLN biopsy. Besides intraoperative frozen section study of the sentinel node(s), all the specimens, including the sentinel node(s), were subjected to paraffin section histopathology. Results SLN was identified successfully in 96% of patients. Mean number of sentinel node(s) dissected was 2.3. Study of SLN biopsy with methylene blue dye for staging was done with 100% sensitivity and 95.3% specificity. The SLN procedure was able to negatively predict the drainage nodal basin in 100% with an overall accuracy of staging of 96.5%. The true-positive rate noted was 88.8%, and the false-positive rate was 4.6%. Conclusions SLN using a single-dye technique reliably identifies a sentinel node. This procedure can be safely adopted in patients with node-negative cancers as mentioned above to pathologically study the drainage basin.
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- 2021
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24. Can GPT-4 Help Detect Quit Vaping Intentions? An Exploration of Automatic Data Annotation Approach
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Vuruma, Sai Krishna Revanth, Wu, Dezhi, Gupta, Saborny Sen, Aust, Lucas, Lookingbill, Valerie, Bellamy, Wyatt, Ren, Yang, Kasson, Erin, Chen, Li-Shiun, Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia, Hu, Dian, and Huang, Ming
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Emerging Technologies ,Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction ,Computer Science - Social and Information Networks - Abstract
In recent years, the United States has witnessed a significant surge in the popularity of vaping or e-cigarette use, leading to a notable rise in cases of e-cigarette and vaping use-associated lung injury (EVALI) that caused hospitalizations and fatalities during the EVALI outbreak in 2019, highlighting the urgency to comprehend vaping behaviors and develop effective strategies for cessation. Due to the ubiquity of social media platforms, over 4.7 billion users worldwide use them for connectivity, communications, news, and entertainment with a significant portion of the discourse related to health, thereby establishing social media data as an invaluable organic data resource for public health research. In this study, we extracted a sample dataset from one vaping sub-community on Reddit to analyze users' quit-vaping intentions. Leveraging OpenAI's latest large language model GPT-4 for sentence-level quit vaping intention detection, this study compares the outcomes of this model against layman and clinical expert annotations. Using different prompting strategies such as zero-shot, one-shot, few-shot and chain-of-thought prompting, we developed 8 prompts with varying levels of detail to explain the task to GPT-4 and also evaluated the performance of the strategies against each other. These preliminary findings emphasize the potential of GPT-4 in social media data analysis, especially in identifying users' subtle intentions that may elude human detection., Comment: Accepted for the AI Applications in Public Health and Social Services workshop at the 22nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIME 2024)
- Published
- 2024
25. FIRST: Faster Improved Listwise Reranking with Single Token Decoding
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Reddy, Revanth Gangi, Doo, JaeHyeok, Xu, Yifei, Sultan, Md Arafat, Swain, Deevya, Sil, Avirup, and Ji, Heng
- Subjects
Computer Science - Information Retrieval - Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of information retrieval, particularly for reranking. Listwise LLM rerankers have showcased superior performance and generalizability compared to existing supervised approaches. However, conventional listwise LLM reranking methods lack efficiency as they provide ranking output in the form of a generated ordered sequence of candidate passage identifiers. Further, they are trained with the typical language modeling objective, which treats all ranking errors uniformly--potentially at the cost of misranking highly relevant passages. Addressing these limitations, we introduce FIRST, a novel listwise LLM reranking approach leveraging the output logits of the first generated identifier to directly obtain a ranked ordering of the candidates. Further, we incorporate a learning-to-rank loss during training, prioritizing ranking accuracy for the more relevant passages. Empirical results demonstrate that FIRST accelerates inference by 50% while maintaining a robust ranking performance with gains across the BEIR benchmark. Finally, to illustrate the practical effectiveness of listwise LLM rerankers, we investigate their application in providing relevance feedback for retrievers during inference. Our results show that LLM rerankers can provide a stronger distillation signal compared to cross-encoders, yielding substantial improvements in retriever recall after relevance feedback., Comment: Preprint
- Published
- 2024
26. Minimizing Energy Costs in Deep Learning Model Training: The Gaussian Sampling Approach
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Revanth, Challapalli Phanindra, Channappayya, Sumohana S., and Mohan, C Krishna
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Computing the loss gradient via backpropagation consumes considerable energy during deep learning (DL) model training. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to efficiently compute DL models' gradients to mitigate the substantial energy overhead associated with backpropagation. Exploiting the over-parameterized nature of DL models and the smoothness of their loss landscapes, we propose a method called {\em GradSamp} for sampling gradient updates from a Gaussian distribution. Specifically, we update model parameters at a given epoch (chosen periodically or randomly) by perturbing the parameters (element-wise) from the previous epoch with Gaussian ``noise''. The parameters of the Gaussian distribution are estimated using the error between the model parameter values from the two previous epochs. {\em GradSamp} not only streamlines gradient computation but also enables skipping entire epochs, thereby enhancing overall efficiency. We rigorously validate our hypothesis across a diverse set of standard and non-standard CNN and transformer-based models, spanning various computer vision tasks such as image classification, object detection, and image segmentation. Additionally, we explore its efficacy in out-of-distribution scenarios such as Domain Adaptation (DA), Domain Generalization (DG), and decentralized settings like Federated Learning (FL). Our experimental results affirm the effectiveness of {\em GradSamp} in achieving notable energy savings without compromising performance, underscoring its versatility and potential impact in practical DL applications.
- Published
- 2024
27. AGRaME: Any-Granularity Ranking with Multi-Vector Embeddings
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Reddy, Revanth Gangi, Attia, Omar, Li, Yunyao, Ji, Heng, and Potdar, Saloni
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Information Retrieval - Abstract
Ranking is a fundamental and popular problem in search. However, existing ranking algorithms usually restrict the granularity of ranking to full passages or require a specific dense index for each desired level of granularity. Such lack of flexibility in granularity negatively affects many applications that can benefit from more granular ranking, such as sentence-level ranking for open-domain question-answering, or proposition-level ranking for attribution. In this work, we introduce the idea of any-granularity ranking, which leverages multi-vector embeddings to rank at varying levels of granularity while maintaining encoding at a single (coarser) level of granularity. We propose a multi-granular contrastive loss for training multi-vector approaches, and validate its utility with both sentences and propositions as ranking units. Finally, we demonstrate the application of proposition-level ranking to post-hoc citation addition in retrieval-augmented generation, surpassing the performance of prompt-driven citation generation.
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- 2024
28. Gradient Flow Based Phase-Field Modeling Using Separable Neural Networks
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Mattey, Revanth and Ghosh, Susanta
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Mathematics - Numerical Analysis - Abstract
The $L^2$ gradient flow of the Ginzburg-Landau free energy functional leads to the Allen Cahn equation that is widely used for modeling phase separation. Machine learning methods for solving the Allen-Cahn equation in its strong form suffer from inaccuracies in collocation techniques, errors in computing higher-order spatial derivatives through automatic differentiation, and the large system size required by the space-time approach. To overcome these limitations, we propose a separable neural network-based approximation of the phase field in a minimizing movement scheme to solve the aforementioned gradient flow problem. At each time step, the separable neural network is used to approximate the phase field in space through a low-rank tensor decomposition thereby accelerating the derivative calculations. The minimizing movement scheme naturally allows for the use of Gauss quadrature technique to compute the functional. A `$tanh$' transformation is applied on the neural network-predicted phase field to strictly bounds the solutions within the values of the two phases. For this transformation, a theoretical guarantee for energy stability of the minimizing movement scheme is established. Our results suggest that bounding the solution through this transformation is the key to effectively model sharp interfaces through separable neural network. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art machine learning methods for phase separation problems and is an order of magnitude faster than the finite element method.
- Published
- 2024
29. Utilizing Large Language Models to Identify Reddit Users Considering Vaping Cessation for Digital Interventions
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Vuruma, Sai Krishna Revanth, Wu, Dezhi, Gupta, Saborny Sen, Aust, Lucas, Lookingbill, Valerie, Henry, Caleb, Ren, Yang, Kasson, Erin, Chen, Li-Shiun, Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia, Hu, Dian, and Huang, Ming
- Subjects
Computer Science - Information Retrieval ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Social and Information Networks - Abstract
The widespread adoption of social media platforms globally not only enhances users' connectivity and communication but also emerges as a vital channel for the dissemination of health-related information, thereby establishing social media data as an invaluable organic data resource for public health research. The surge in popularity of vaping or e-cigarette use in the United States and other countries has caused an outbreak of e-cigarette and vaping use-associated lung injury (EVALI), leading to hospitalizations and fatalities in 2019, highlighting the urgency to comprehend vaping behaviors and develop effective strategies for cession. In this study, we extracted a sample dataset from one vaping sub-community on Reddit to analyze users' quit vaping intentions. Leveraging large language models including both the latest GPT-4 and traditional BERT-based language models for sentence-level quit-vaping intention prediction tasks, this study compares the outcomes of these models against human annotations. Notably, when compared to human evaluators, GPT-4 model demonstrates superior consistency in adhering to annotation guidelines and processes, showcasing advanced capabilities to detect nuanced user quit-vaping intentions that human evaluators might overlook. These preliminary findings emphasize the potential of GPT-4 in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of social media data analysis, especially in identifying subtle users' intentions that may elude human detection.
- Published
- 2024
30. Towards Better Generalization in Open-Domain Question Answering by Mitigating Context Memorization
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Zhang, Zixuan, Reddy, Revanth Gangi, Small, Kevin, Zhang, Tong, and Ji, Heng
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Open-domain Question Answering (OpenQA) aims at answering factual questions with an external large-scale knowledge corpus. However, real-world knowledge is not static; it updates and evolves continually. Such a dynamic characteristic of knowledge poses a vital challenge for these models, as the trained models need to constantly adapt to the latest information to make sure that the answers remain accurate. In addition, it is still unclear how well an OpenQA model can transfer to completely new knowledge domains. In this paper, we investigate the generalization performance of a retrieval-augmented QA model in two specific scenarios: 1) adapting to updated versions of the same knowledge corpus; 2) switching to completely different knowledge domains. We observe that the generalization challenges of OpenQA models stem from the reader's over-reliance on memorizing the knowledge from the external corpus, which hinders the model from generalizing to a new knowledge corpus. We introduce Corpus-Invariant Tuning (CIT), a simple but effective training strategy, to mitigate the knowledge over-memorization by controlling the likelihood of retrieved contexts during training. Extensive experimental results on multiple OpenQA benchmarks show that CIT achieves significantly better generalizability without compromising the model's performance in its original corpus and domain., Comment: Accepted to NAACL 2024 Findings
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- 2024
31. Clinical variables responsible for early and late diagnosis of foreign body aspiration in pediatrics age group
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Samarth Goyal, Shubhika Jain, Guruprasad Rai, Rajkamal Vishnu, Ganesh Sevagur Kamath, Arvind Kumar Bishnoi, Yogesh Gaude, Vijaya Kumara, Harshil Joshi, and Revanth Reddy
- Subjects
Bronchus ,Foreign body (FB) ,Foreign body aspiration (FBA) ,Rigid bronchoscopy ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Abstract
Abstract Background Incidence of foreign body aspiration has been noticed predominantly in age group ranging from 12 months-3 years. Foreign body in the trachea is a medical emergency as presentation is in respiratory distress. Obstruction of only one main or distal bronchus, leads to severe cough, choking sensation and breathlessness. Without early intervention, it can lead to collapse, consolidation and pneumonia of the affected lung. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 37 pediatric case records who presented from January 2014–December 2018 with foreign body aspiration. Our primary aim was to assess the parameters responsible for early and late diagnosis of foreign body aspiration. We concluded with a diagnostic algorithm for management of foreign body aspiration on the basis of this outcome. Results Around 32.5% came with a history of aspiration, 43% were referred from the primary centers with a suspicion for the same and the rest came to our tertiary care hospital directly. Those who presented within a week came with complaints of wet cough, wheeze and tachypnea. Furthermore, those who came in after a week had a dry cough and fever as their main complaint. Majority of ingested foreign bodies was a vegetative type (80%) as compared to the non –vegetative. Conclusion Unlike adults, foreign body aspiration in children is most commonly diagnosed on history, suspicion and clinical findings. Chest x ray has been the primary investigation of choice but in the majority of the cases it was normal with subtle changes. Early diagnosis is the key to avoid complication.
- Published
- 2020
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32. Factors predicting loss of cervical lordosis following cervical laminoplasty: A critical review
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Intekhab Alam, Ravi Sharma, Sachin A Borkar, Revanth Goda, Varidh Katiyar, and Shashank S Kale
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c2–c7 cobb's angle ,c2–c3 disc angle ,c2–c7 lordosis ,c2–c7 sagittal vertical axis ,cervical laminoplasty ,dynamic extension reserve ,loss of cervical lordosis ,t1 slope ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Background: Laminoplasty is a method of posterior cervical decompression which indirectly decompresses the spinal column. Unfortunately, many patients undergoing laminoplasty develops postoperative loss of cervical lordosis (LCL) or kyphotic alignment of cervical spine even though they have sufficient preoperative lordosis which results in poor surgical outcome. Objective: We would like to highlight the relationship between various radiological parameters of cervical alignment and postoperative LCL in patients undergoing laminoplasty. Methods: We performed extensive literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for relevant articles that report factors affecting cervical alignment following laminoplasty. Results: On reviewing the literature, patients with high T1 slope have more lordotic alignment of cervical spine preoperatively. They also have more chances of LCL following laminoplasty. C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) has no role in predicting LCL following laminoplasty though patients with low T1 slope (≤20°) and high C2–C7 SVA (>22 mm) had correction of kyphotic deformity following laminoplasty. C2–C7 lordosis, Neck Tilt, cervical range of motion, and thoracic kyphosis has no predictive value for LCL. Lower value of T1 slope (T1S-CL) and CL/T1S has more incidence of developing LCL following laminoplasty. The role of C2–C3 disc angle has not yet been evaluated in patients undergoing laminoplasty. Dynamic extension reserve determines the contraction reserve of SPMLC and lower dynamic extension reserve is associated with higher chances of LCL following laminoplasty. Conclusions: Cervical lordotic alignment is important in maintaining cervical sagittal balance which ultimately is responsible for global spinal sagittal balance and horizontal gaze. Among various radiological parameters, T1 Slope has been reported to be the most important factor affecting cervical alignment following laminoplasty.
- Published
- 2020
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33. Adopt a Pixel 3 km: A Multiscale Data Set Linking Remotely Sensed Land Cover Imagery With Field Based Citizen Science Observation
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Russanne D. Low, Peder V. Nelson, Cassie Soeffing, Andrew Clark, SEES 2020 Mosquito Mappers Research Team, Matteo Kimura, Prachi Ingle, Pratham Barbaria, Mariam Abou El Maali, Sarah Albrecht, Jeriel Allende, Ashrith Anumala, Baseem Abusneineh, Emily Asmead, Eric Bergstrom, Liz Brantley, Gabriel Cenker, James Chang, Michael Chen, Claire Cho, Eric Choi, Daniel Cisneros-Villafan, Alexandra Collins, Jason Cui, JazMinh Diep, Penolope Duran, Kylie Eckert, Paloma Figueroa, Allison Fleming, Jake George, Joan Graniela, Ayden Grimes, Faguni Gupta, Karis Hu, Emma Huang, Bhaskar Jain, Gowtham Kadiyala, Kavita Kar, Vedaant Kaura, Molly Knoell, Grace Knuth, Neeh Kurelli, David Lin, Jasmine Lunia, Ananth Madan, Hailey Marbibi, Emily Nguyen, Sarah Park, Saravana Polsetti, Shantanu Raghavan, Seyoung Ree, Treashure Richardson, Yarianis Rivera, Kuleen Sasse, Kristen Scott, Kaveh Shafiei, Arina Shah, Samuel Shklyar, Kasvi Singh, Mohit Singh, Aria Tang, Victor Tejeda, Cole Tramel, Vanessa Vaz, Rahil Verma, Arthi Vijayakumar, Rushil Vora, Lucy Wang, Frank Wei, Cassidy Weller, Virginia Weston, Jasmine Wu, Jessica Wu, Lawrence Wu, Emily Xiao, Lucy Xie, Revanth Yalamanchi, and Ryan Zhang
- Subjects
citizen science ,land cover ,mosquito habitat ,climate change ,data quality ,reference data ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Published
- 2021
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34. Pulmonary Embolism After Vaginal Delivery in a Fontan Patient
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Laura A. Keenahan, BS, Revanth K. Poondla, BS, Wayne J. Franklin, MD, Peter R. Ermis, MD, Pamela Ketwaroo, MD, Angeline Opina, MD, and Manisha Gandhi, MD
- Subjects
congenital heart defect ,pregnancy ,thrombus ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
The Fontan procedure was created to address the mixing of pulmonary and systemic venous return in patients with a single functional ventricle. The patient in this case with a Fontan repair experienced multiple pulmonary emboli 10 days post-partum. We outline management and recommendations when treating these patients. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.)
- Published
- 2020
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35. From Cloud to Edge: Rethinking Generative AI for Low-Resource Design Challenges
- Author
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Vuruma, Sai Krishna Revanth, Margetts, Ashley, Su, Jianhai, Ahmed, Faez, and Srivastava, Biplav
- Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computers and Society - Abstract
Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has shown tremendous prospects in all aspects of technology, including design. However, due to its heavy demand on resources, it is usually trained on large computing infrastructure and often made available as a cloud-based service. In this position paper, we consider the potential, challenges, and promising approaches for generative AI for design on the edge, i.e., in resource-constrained settings where memory, compute, energy (battery) and network connectivity may be limited. Adapting generative AI for such settings involves overcoming significant hurdles, primarily in how to streamline complex models to function efficiently in low-resource environments. This necessitates innovative approaches in model compression, efficient algorithmic design, and perhaps even leveraging edge computing. The objective is to harness the power of generative AI in creating bespoke solutions for design problems, such as medical interventions, farm equipment maintenance, and educational material design, tailored to the unique constraints and needs of remote areas. These efforts could democratize access to advanced technology and foster sustainable development, ensuring universal accessibility and environmental consideration of AI-driven design benefits., Comment: Accepted for the Artificial Intelligence for Design Problems bridge program at AAAI 2024
- Published
- 2024
36. Persona-DB: Efficient Large Language Model Personalization for Response Prediction with Collaborative Data Refinement
- Author
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Sun, Chenkai, Yang, Ke, Reddy, Revanth Gangi, Fung, Yi R., Chan, Hou Pong, Small, Kevin, Zhai, ChengXiang, and Ji, Heng
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Information Retrieval - Abstract
The increasing demand for personalized interactions with large language models (LLMs) calls for methodologies capable of accurately and efficiently identifying user opinions and preferences. Retrieval augmentation emerges as an effective strategy, as it can accommodate a vast number of users without the costs from fine-tuning. Existing research, however, has largely focused on enhancing the retrieval stage and devoted limited exploration toward optimizing the representation of the database, a crucial aspect for tasks such as personalization. In this work, we examine the problem from a novel angle, focusing on how data can be better represented for more data-efficient retrieval in the context of LLM customization. To tackle this challenge, we introduce Persona-DB, a simple yet effective framework consisting of a hierarchical construction process to improve generalization across task contexts and collaborative refinement to effectively bridge knowledge gaps among users. In the evaluation of response prediction, Persona-DB demonstrates superior context efficiency in maintaining accuracy with a significantly reduced retrieval size, a critical advantage in scenarios with extensive histories or limited context windows. Our experiments also indicate a marked improvement of over 10% under cold-start scenarios, when users have extremely sparse data. Furthermore, our analysis reveals the increasing importance of collaborative knowledge as the retrieval capacity expands.
- Published
- 2024
37. Implementation and Evaluation of Virtual Anticoagulation Clinic Care to Provide Incessant Care During COVID-19 Times in an Indian Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
- Author
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Sunil Kumar Shambu, Shyam Prasad Shetty B, Oliver Joel Gona, Nagaraj Desai, Madhu B, Ramesh Madhan, and Revanth V
- Subjects
anticoagulation clinic ,vitamin K antagonist ,time in therapeutic range ,percentage of international normalized ratio in range ,telehealth ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-II) has become a global pandemic disrupting public health services. Telemedicine has emerged as an important tool to deliver care during these situations. Patients receiving Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) require structured monitoring which has posed a challenge during this pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the impact of Virtual anticoagulation clinic (VAC), a Telehealth model on the quality of anticoagulation, adverse events, and patient satisfaction vis-a-vis standard Anticoagulation clinic (ACC) care.Materials and methods: A bidirectional cohort study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, JSS Hospital, Mysore. Two hundred and twenty-eight patients in the VAC and 274 patients in the ACC fulfilling inclusion criteria were the subjects of the study. Telehealth tools like WhatsApp and telephone were used. Time in therapeutic range (TTR), Percentage of International normalized ratio in range (PINRR), and adverse events were analyzed and compared between the VAC group and the ACC group, between pre-COVID and COVID ACC groups, and between the VAC group and the same pre-COVID cohort. Patient satisfaction was assessed by a questionnaire at the end of 8 months. Descriptive statistics were used for the patient characteristics and inferential statistics for the comparisons between pre-VAC and VAC care.Results: The mean TTR was 75.4 ± 8.9% and 71.2 ± 13.4% in the VAC group and ACC group, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean PINRR was 66.7 ± 9.4% and 62.4 ± 10.9% in the VAC group and ACC group respectively, (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in TTR between the VAC group and the same pre-COVID cohort. The TTR differential between the pre-COVID and COVID ACC groups was significant. In either group, no major adverse events were seen. The most common tools used for data exchange were WhatsApp (83%) and SMS (17%). Seventy-four percent of patients were extremely satisfied with the overall VAC care.Conclusions: Virtual anticoagulation clinic, a telehealth model can be used as an alternative option to deliver uninterrupted anticoagulation care during pandemic times.
- Published
- 2021
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38. A Rare Case of Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome Triggering Guyon’s Canal Syndrome
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Guruprasad Rai, Ganesh Sevagur Kamath, Vaishnavi Kavirayani, Arvind Kumar Bishnoi, and Revanth Reddy
- Subjects
bilobed pseudoaneurysm ,ulnar artery ,ulnar nerve ,Medicine - Abstract
In certain occupations, injuries and microtrauma are commonly encountered by the soft tissues of the hand in the adult population, which may, however, less frequently lead to arterial occlusion. One such example is that of the Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome (HHS). It is a rare traumatic disease of the hand, caused by blunt traumas to the heel of the hand that may damage the ulnar artery at the level of hypothenar eminence. This results in occlusion or aneurysm of the vessel. It is of clinical importance due to the risk of loss of limb function following digital ischemia. The ulnar nerve barely gets compressed in the Guyon’s canal, which may in turn cause Guyon’s canal syndrome. This is a case of a 43-year-old male patient who presented with painful swelling of the right hand, which was diagnosed as a bizarre presentation of a bilobed and partially thrombosed pseudoaneurysm of the ulnar artery producing Guyon’s canal syndrome that had to be surgically excised. The objective of this case is to highlight the clinical presentation of HHS for early diagnosis and treatment.
- Published
- 2021
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39. Soil classification, crop prediction, and disease detection using ML and DL–“agro insights”
- Author
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Mururgan, Tamilarasi Kathirvel and Revanth, Penta
- Published
- 2024
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40. Valorization of waste engine oil to mono- and di-rhamnolipid in a sustainable approach to circular bioeconomy
- Author
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Gaur, Shailee, Jujaru, Mohan, Vennu, Revanth, Gupta, Suresh, and Jain, Amit
- Published
- 2024
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41. Brain hyperintensities: automatic segmentation of white matter hyperintensities in clinical brain MRI images using improved deep neural network
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Kumar, Puranam Revanth, Jha, Rajesh Kumar, and Kumar, P. Akhendra
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- 2024
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42. Trends in Ultrasound Use in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review
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Kelsey A. Stewart, MD, Sergio M. Navarro, MBA, Sriharsha Kambala, BS, Gail Tan, BS, Revanth Poondla, BS, Sara Lederman, BS, Kelli Barbour, MD, and Chris Lavy, MD
- Subjects
Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Evidence on recent trends regarding the impact and cost-benefits of ultrasound in resource-constrained settings is limited. This study presents a systematic review to determine recent trends in the utility and applicability of ultrasound use in low and middle income countries (LMIC). The review includes characterizing and evaluating trends in (1) the geographic and specialty specific use of ultrasound in LMICs, (2) the innovative applications and the accompanying research findings, and (3) the development of associated educational and training programs. Methods: The electronic databases Medline OVID, EMBASE, and Cochrane were searched from 2010 to 2018 for studies available in English, French, and Spanish. Commentaries, opinion articles, reviews and book chapters were excluded. Two categories were created, one for reported applications of ultrasound use in LMICs and another for novel ultrasound studies. Results: A total of 6,276 articles were identified and screened, 4,563 studies were included for final review. 287 studies contained original or novel applications of ultrasound use in LMICs. Nearly 70% of studies involved ultrasound usage originating from Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the latter being the region with the highest number of innovative ultrasound use. Educational studies, global collaborations, and funded studies were a substantial subset of overall ultrasound research. Our findings are limited by the lack of higher quality evidence and limited number of randomized clinical trials reported. Conclusion/Global Health Implications: Our systematic literature review of ultrasound use in LMICs demonstrates the growing utilization of this relatively low-cost, portable imaging technology in low resource settings. Key words: • Ultrasound • Ultrasonography • Echocardiogram • LMIC • Low resource • Global health • Systematic review Copyright © 2020 Stewart et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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- 2020
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43. Neonatal Varicella
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REVANTH REDDY, GAURI CHAUHAN, ANAND KUMAR BHARDWAJ, and ARADHNA GUPTA
- Subjects
hepatitis ,pneumonia ,sepsis ,varicella zoster immune globulin ,Medicine - Abstract
Neonatal Varicella is an uncommon disease in the Indian population, due to the presence of antibodies in the mother formed on the exposure to illness in their teenage in majority of population. The acquired varicella in newborn period, born to a non-immune mother shows a disseminated disease pattern with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality due to pneumonia, hepatitis, coagulopathy and secondary severe sepsis. The definite diagnosis is made by virus isolation or amplification of viral DNA from the skin lesions by PCR, but the clinical diagnosis from the pattern of rash hints the diagnosis well and appropriate. The drug of choice is intravenous acyclovir and Varicella Zoster Immune Globulin (VZIG), although the use of VZIG still remains debatable in symptomatic individuals. Here, we present a case of a 15-day-old newborn with confluent maculo-papular rash preceded by rash in the mother at 10th day post-delivery. The newborn was managed in NICU with standard protocols, but the prognosis became poor due to complications that were pneumonia, hepatitis and secondary sepsis.
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- 2020
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44. Similar Document Template Matching Algorithm
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Yenigalla, Harshitha, Reddy, Bommareddy Revanth Srinivasa, Rahul, Batta Venkata, and Raju, Nannapuraju Hemanth
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
This study outlines a comprehensive methodology for verifying medical documents, integrating advanced techniques in template extraction, comparison, and fraud detection. It begins with template extraction using sophisticated region-of-interest (ROI) methods, incorporating contour analysis and edge identification. Pre-processing steps ensure template clarity through morphological operations and adaptive thresholding. The template comparison algorithm utilizes advanced feature matching with key points and descriptors, enhancing robustness through histogram-based analysis for accounting variations. Fraud detection involves the SSIM computation and OCR for textual information extraction. The SSIM quantifies structural similarity, aiding in potential match identification. OCR focuses on critical areas like patient details, provider information, and billing amounts. Extracted information is compared with a reference dataset, and confidence thresholding ensures reliable fraud detection. Adaptive parameters enhance system flexibility for dynamic adjustments to varying document layouts. This methodology provides a robust approach to medical document verification, addressing complexities in template extraction, comparison, fraud detection, and adaptability to diverse document structures., Comment: 8 pages,8 figures
- Published
- 2023
45. Factcheck-Bench: Fine-Grained Evaluation Benchmark for Automatic Fact-checkers
- Author
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Wang, Yuxia, Reddy, Revanth Gangi, Mujahid, Zain Muhammad, Arora, Arnav, Rubashevskii, Aleksandr, Geng, Jiahui, Afzal, Osama Mohammed, Pan, Liangming, Borenstein, Nadav, Pillai, Aditya, Augenstein, Isabelle, Gurevych, Iryna, and Nakov, Preslav
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
The increased use of large language models (LLMs) across a variety of real-world applications calls for mechanisms to verify the factual accuracy of their outputs. In this work, we present a holistic end-to-end solution for annotating the factuality of LLM-generated responses, which encompasses a multi-stage annotation scheme designed to yield detailed labels concerning the verifiability and factual inconsistencies found in LLM outputs. We further construct an open-domain document-level factuality benchmark in three-level granularity: claim, sentence and document, aiming to facilitate the evaluation of automatic fact-checking systems. Preliminary experiments show that FacTool, FactScore and Perplexity.ai are struggling to identify false claims, with the best F1=0.63 by this annotation solution based on GPT-4. Annotation tool, benchmark and code are available at https://github.com/yuxiaw/Factcheck-GPT., Comment: 30 pages, 13 figures
- Published
- 2023
46. Social Commonsense-Guided Search Query Generation for Open-Domain Knowledge-Powered Conversations
- Author
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Reddy, Revanth Gangi, Bai, Hao, Yao, Wentao, Suresh, Sharath Chandra Etagi, Ji, Heng, and Zhai, ChengXiang
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Open-domain dialog involves generating search queries that help obtain relevant knowledge for holding informative conversations. However, it can be challenging to determine what information to retrieve when the user is passive and does not express a clear need or request. To tackle this issue, we present a novel approach that focuses on generating internet search queries that are guided by social commonsense. Specifically, we leverage a commonsense dialog system to establish connections related to the conversation topic, which subsequently guides our query generation. Our proposed framework addresses passive user interactions by integrating topic tracking, commonsense response generation and instruction-driven query generation. Through extensive evaluations, we show that our approach overcomes limitations of existing query generation techniques that rely solely on explicit dialog information, and produces search queries that are more relevant, specific, and compelling, ultimately resulting in more engaging responses., Comment: Accepted in EMNLP 2023 Findings
- Published
- 2023
47. Spring cranioplasty in a patient of Apert syndrome: Anesthetic challenges
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Shipra Tandon, Sanjay Agarwal, and Revanth Challa
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Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Published
- 2020
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48. Anesthetic Management with Epidural Analgesia in a Case of Thalassemia Intermedia
- Author
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Nishith Govil, Vijay Adabala, Revanth Babu Challa, Shailesh Lohani, and Intezar Ahmed
- Subjects
Thalassemia intermedia ,Epidural anesthesia ,Thrombocytopenia ,Enhanced recovery ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Thalassemia is an inherited defect in the production of globulin chains transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance. Anaesthetic management of these patients is challenging, being associated with hypersplenism, unanticipated difficult airway and vertebral malformations, perioperative high blood pressure, systemic features of iron overload, cardiac and hepatic failure and anaemia. In this case, we highlight the anaesthetic concerns in a child of beta thalassemia intermedia with high levels of Hemoglobin F posted for splenectomy along with cholecystectomy. To avoid need of postoperative mechanical ventilation due to low oxygen carrying capacity of blood and anaerobic metabolism during the period of surgical stress, epidural catheter inserted despite possibility of epidural hematoma or bleed because of thrombocytopenia. Patient had an enhanced recovery in term of decrease oxygen demand, decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting, early ambulation and patient satisfaction. Intraoperative epidural also decreases need of neuromuscular blocking agent and intravenous analgesia. This lead to faster awakening from anaesthesia even in the presence of decrease oxygen carrying capacity due to anaemia and acidosis (anaerobic metabolism). Use of regional anesthesia should be considered in similar cases after assessing risk and benefits for individual cases.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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49. Tamarind gum: a novel eco-friendly stabilizer to improve the geotechnical properties of high plastic clay
- Author
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Sujatha, Evangelin Ramani, Revanth, Policherla Venkata Hari, Vishwanath, Vuppunuthula, and Kannan, Govindarajan
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. ARTEMIS: AI-driven Robotic Triage Labeling and Emergency Medical Information System
- Author
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Senthilkumaran, Revanth Krishna, Prashanth, Mridu, Viswanath, Hrishikesh, Kotha, Sathvika, Tiwari, Kshitij, and Bera, Aniket
- Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics - Abstract
Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose a significant challenge to emergency medical services by overwhelming available resources and personnel. Effective victim assessment is the key to minimizing casualties during such a crisis. We introduce ARTEMIS, an AI-driven Robotic Triage Labeling and Emergency Medical Information System, to aid first responders in MCI events. It leverages speech processing, natural language processing, and deep learning to help with acuity classification. This is deployed on a quadruped that performs victim localization and preliminary injury severity assessment. First responders access victim information through a Graphical User Interface that is updated in real-time. To validate our proposed algorithmic triage protocol, we used the Unitree Go1 quadruped. The robot identifies humans, interacts with them, gets vitals and information, and assigns an acuity label. Simulations of an MCI in software and a controlled environment outdoors were conducted. The system achieved a triage-level classification precision of over 74% on average and 99% for the most critical victims, i.e. level 1 acuity, outperforming state-of-the-art deep learning-based triage labeling systems. In this paper, we showcase the potential of human-robot interaction in assisting medical personnel in MCI events.
- Published
- 2023
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