Search

Currently, the name Gastrotheca splendens is applied to Bolivian montane forest populations of marsupial frogs that have been associated with G. marsupiata and its allies in the past. Because its comparatively large size evoked taxonomic doubts, we re-examined the holotype of Hyla splendens Schmidt, 1857 and extracted and sequenced archival DNA to clarify its identity. Morphological and molecular data revealed H. splendens as being conspecific with Gastrotheca monticola from northwestern Peru. We place Gastrotheca monticola Barbour & Noble, 1920 as a junior synonym of Hyla splendens Schmidt, 1857, regarding the latter a valid species, Gastrotheca splendens (Schmidt, 1857). We furthermore correct its type locality to 'northwestern Peru'. As a result of these findings and the morphological differences observed among the name-bearing types, the Bolivian taxa Gastrotheca lauzuricae De la Riva, 1992 and G. piperata Duellman & Köhler, 2005 are removed from the synonymy of Hyla splendens. Examination of the external morphology and osteology (inferred from micro-CT images) of the holotypes of G. lauzuricae and G. piperata revealed several differences. However, with the data currently available, we are unable to judge whether these differences represent species-specific diagnostic characters or intraspecific variation. We consider G. lauzuricae a valid species and, applying a principle of parsimony of taxonomic changes, provisionally regard G. piperata as its junior synonym pending future investigations. Furthermore, pending further studies, we tentatively continue to consider Gastrotheca coeruleomaculata (Werner, 1899) a valid species occurring in montane forests of the Departamento La Paz, Bolivia. Finally, Leptodactylus andicola Boettger, 1891 is removed from the synonymy of Gastrotheca marsupiata (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) and regarded a nomen dubium based on the morphological characters mentioned in its original description, which are in disagreement with Gastrotheca and argue for affinities with the genus Yunganastes (Strabomantidae). The results of this study highlight the importance of referring to namebearing type specimens when taxonomically revising complex and species-rich groups of organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Good oral hygiene is a critical component of overall oral health. Various methods have developed over time to assess oral hygiene status. In 1960, Greene and Vermillion introduced the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), which assessed debris and calculus on 12 tooth surfaces. In 1964, they proposed a Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), which evaluated only 6 surfaces of six index teeth. The authors recommended the OHI-S due to its faster clinical assessments but concluded that it was less sensitive than the OHI despite both indices being sufficiently sensitive. In 1987, Garg S introduced the Modified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-M), which provides a more comprehensive evaluation by assessing debris and calculus on the facial (buccal/labial), oral (palatal/lingual), and specifically occlusal surfaces of each fully erupted permanent tooth. The OHI-M is a reliable and sensitive method for accurately evaluating oral hygiene status. Aim: This study aims to comparatively evaluate oral hygiene status using OHI, OHI-S, and OHI-M and revalidate the OHI-M. Materials and Methods: 221 patients (119 males and 102 females) were randomly selected through simple random sampling. A single investigator performed the scoring. The sample size was determined based on a 95% confidence level. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, and Pearson’s correlation test was employed to assess the correlations. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the OHI-M were found to be the lowest (2.55 ± 0.82) compared to the OHI (7.13 ± 1.79) and OHI-S (3.23 ± 0.99). It indicates that the variation in OHI-M values is smaller than that in OHI and OHI-S. Positive correlations were observed among the three indices, with a statistically significant result (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The OHI-M is found to be the most sensitive scoring method for evaluating oral hygiene status compared to the OHI and OHI-S. These results further confirm the validity of OHI-M.

Objective: To examine the validity and reliability of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C) among high-risk pregnancy women and to determine the scale's stability. Methods: The Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist- Civilian version was administered to 200 women with high-risk pregnancies who were rechecked around 1~3 months postpartum. Furthermore, 50 women with high-risk pregnancies in this population were subjected to a second examination 2 weeks later. The validity and reliability of the scale were assessed using a thorough evaluation strategy. This approach included analyzing the properties of the scale items as well as assessing their structural validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal consistency. Results: The total PCL-C scale exhibited a Cronbach's α of 0.972, a folded-in reliability coefficient of 0.95, and a retest reliability of 0.975, respectively. The validated factor analysis showed an excellent structural goodness-of-fit (x²/df=1.713, RMSEA=0.047, GFI =0.902 CFI =0.979, TLI= 0.973, IFI=0.979); Each Estimate >0.5, the mean-variance of variance AVE> 0.5. Furthermore, the combined reliability (CR) > 0.8 demonstrates an optimal scale convergent validity. Each dimension has a significant correlation (p<0.01), the absolute value of the correlation coefficient is <0.5, and all of them are smaller than the square root of the corresponding AVE, which indicates the scale data's discriminant validity is ideal. Conclusion: The PCL-C scale is reliable and has a stable structure. It can be used to measure the status of postpartum PTSD in high-risk pregnant women, which can help assess the psychological outcome of high-risk pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Good oral hygiene is a critical component of overall oral health. Various methods have developed over time to assess oral hygiene status. In 1960, Greene and Vermillion introduced the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), which assessed debris and calculus on 12 tooth surfaces. In 1964, they proposed a Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), which evaluated only 6 surfaces of six index teeth. The authors recommended the OHI-S due to its faster clinical assessments but concluded that it was less sensitive than the OHI despite both indices being sufficiently sensitive. In 1987, Garg S introduced the Modified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-M), which provides a more comprehensive evaluation by assessing debris and calculus on the facial (buccal/labial), oral (palatal/lingual), and specifically occlusal surfaces of each fully erupted permanent tooth. The OHI-M is a reliable and sensitive method for accurately evaluating oral hygiene status. Aim: This study aims to comparatively evaluate oral hygiene status using OHI, OHI-S, and OHI-M and revalidate the OHI-M. Materials and Methods: 221 patients (119 males and 102 females) were randomly selected through simple random sampling. A single investigator performed the scoring. The sample size was determined based on a 95% confidence level. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, and Pearson's correlation test was employed to assess the correlations. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the OHI-M were found to be the lowest (2.55 ± 0.82) compared to the OHI (7.13 ± 1.79) and OHI-S (3.23 ± 0.99). It indicates that the variation in OHI-M values is smaller than that in OHI and OHI-S. Positive correlations were observed among the three indices, with a statistically significant result (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The OHI-M is found to be the most sensitive scoring method for evaluating oral hygiene status compared to the OHI and OHI-S. These results further confirm the validity of OHI-M. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Effective food safety (FS) management relies on the understanding of the factors that contribute to FS incidents (FSIs) and the means for theirmitigation and control. This review aims to explore the application of systematic accident analysis tools to both design FS management systems (FSMSs) as well as to investigate FSI to identify contributive and causative factors associated with FSI and the means for their elimination or control. The study has compared and contrasted the diverse characteristics of linear, epidemiological, and systematic accident analysis tools and hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) and the types and depth of qualitative and quantitative analysis they promote. Systematic accident analysis tools, such as the Accident Map Model, the Functional Resonance Accident Model, or the Systems Theoretical Accident Model and Processes, are flexible systematic approaches to analyzing FSI within a socio-technical food system which is complex and continually evolving. They can be applied at organizational, supply chain, or wider food system levels. As with the application of HACCP principles, the process is time-consuming and requires skilled users to achieve the level of systematic analysis required to ensure effective validation and verification of FSMS and revalidation and reverification following an FSI. Effective revalidation and reverification are essential to prevent recurrent FSI and to inform new practices and processes for emergent FS concerns and the means for their control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The purpose of this paper is to present the method of story therapy in the process of revalidation of a child with intellectual disabilities. Material and methods The source materials for this publication will be various monographs and articles by Polish special educators. The collected material will allow to synthetically realize the indicated purpose of the work using the analytical-critical method. Results Fairy tale therapy has a positive impact on the process of revalidation of a child with intellectual disabilities. In a simple and natural way, it helps the child understand and assimilate a reality that may sometimes be incomprehensible to him. It is a new, non-invasive, gentle form that is designed to be enjoyable, entertaining and fun. Its purpose is to encourage interaction, openness to dialogue. Conclusions Fairy tale therapy helps students (especially at younger ages) to strengthen their sense of self-esteem and independence, which are necessary for proper functioning in the world of internal as well as external experiences. In addition, it allows to improve and develop various spheres of functioning of a child with intellectual disabilities.

This article explores the application of scientific definitions of revalidation within the context of revalidation classes currently implemented in Polish mainstream high schools. The author traces the evolution of the term "revalidation" in Polish academic discourse, underscoring the objectives of revalidation interventions. The paper outlines the legal framework governing revalidation classes in Polish education and scrutinises specific recommendations from psychological and pedagogical counselling centres concerning revalidation classes derived from special education needs assessments for students with Asperger's syndrome. The analysis reveals that these revalidation classes primarily focus on enhancing the students' social integration by teaching effective communication skills. This focus reflects the broader scientific aim of revalidation, which is to facilitate the inclusion of individuals with disabilities into society. Additionally, the article discusses the practical challenges and potential improvements in implementing revalidation programmes, emphasising the need for tailored approaches that address the unique needs of students with Asperger's syndrome to maximise their educational and social outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Certified training must be provided for lay vision screeners prior to their conduct of a vision screening programme. However, the effectiveness of trained lay screeners does deteriorate over time. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a recertification vision screening training module using the KieVisionTM Preschool Vision Screening Kit for preschool teachers in Malaysia. Methods: This was a randomised control trial. Fifty-nine preschool teachers previously enrolled in a Knowledge Transfer Programme were divided into a Study Group (n = 31) to receive recertification training and a Control Group (n = 28) to attend briefing sessions. Subjects was then asked to perform vision screening on 15 preschool children aged 4 years old--6 years old at their respective premises, then verified by optometrists after 2 weeks from the initial screening on the same children. Results: A total of 894 children were screened, with the Study Group and Control Group screened 49.7% and 50.3%, respectively. There was higher validity in vision screening findings from the Study Group (sensitivity = 66.7%, positive predictive value (PPV) = 61.5%) compared to the Control Group (sensitivity = 36.0 %, PPV = 40.9%). Conclusion: Teachers who received recertification training were more competent in detecting children's vision impairment using KieVisionTM Preschool Vision Screening Kit. Thus, timely recertification training should be emphasised to ensure sustainable consistency and reliability of vision screening programmes conducted by lay vision screeners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Quaestio Iuris (QI) is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Science is the property of Alcide De Gasperi University of Euroregional Economy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of L'Infermiere is the property of IPASVI - Italian Nursing Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background In many healthcare systems, physicians are accustomed to periodically participate in individual performance appraisals to guide their professional development. For the purpose of revalidation, or maintenance of certification, they need to demonstrate that they have engaged with the outcomes of these appraisals. The combination of taking ownership in professional development and meeting accountability requirements may cause undesirable interference of purposes. To support physicians in their professional development, new Dutch legislation requires that they discuss their performance data with a non-hierarchical (peer)coach and draft a personal development plan. In this study, we report on the design of this system for performance appraisal in a Dutch academic medical center. Methods Using a design-based research approach, a hospital-based research group had the lead in drafting and implementing a performance appraisal protocol, selecting a multisource feedback tool, co-developing and piloting a coaching approach, implementing a planning tool, recruiting peer coaches and facilitating their training and peer group debriefings. Results The system consisted of a two-hour peer-to-peer conversation based on the principles of appreciative inquiry and solution-focused coaching. Sessions were rated as highly motivating, development-oriented, concrete and valuable. Peer coaches were considered suitable, although occasionally physicians preferred a professional coach because of their expertise. The system honored both accountability and professional development purposes. By integrating the performance appraisal system with an already existing internal performance system, physicians were enabled to openly and safely discuss their professional development with a peer, while also being supported by their superior in their self-defined developmental goals. Although the peer-to-peer conversation was mandatory and participation in the process was documented, it was up to the physician whether or not to share its results with others, including their superior. Conclusions In the context of mandatory revalidation, professional development can be supported when the appraisal process involves three characteristics: the appraisal process is appreciative and explores developmental opportunities; coaches are trustworthy and skilled; and the physician has control over the disclosure of the appraisal output. Although the peer-to-peer conversations were positively evaluated, the effects on physicians’ professional development have yet to be investigated in longitudinal research designs.

This study aimed to provide evidence of validity and reliability for the Perceived Mattering Questionnaire-Physical Education (PMQ-PE) developed by Richards et al. (2017) for the Chinese physical education (PE) teachers. The PMQ-PE consisted of two factors (i.e., PE matters and PE teacher matters) with four items in each, measuring four dimensions (attention, importance, dependence, and ego-extension). PMQ-PE in Chinese (PMQ-PEC) was validated among 1,278 elementary and secondary school PE teachers in China, of whom 59.0% were secondary PE teachers and 70.2% were males. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with the entire sample found a poor model fit. Then exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using half of the sample indicated there was only one factor in PMQ-PEC. CFA of the other half of the sample suggested a one-factor model with the elimination of three unfitted items showed a better fitness to the data. Cronbach's alpha value was also acceptable. The final version of PMQ-PEC included five items with one factor that demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability and was deemed acceptable among Chinese PE teachers after the above modifications were made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Sinopoda Jäger, 1999 is a group of huntsman spiders (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae), and currently seven species have been reported in Korea. In this study, three new species are described from Korea, Sinopoda bigibba sp. nov., Sinopoda bogil sp. nov., and Sinopoda pantherina sp. nov.; Sinopoda jirisanensis Kim & Chae, 2013 is revalidated with neotype designation, and had been formerly synonymized with Sinopoda forcipata (Karsch, 1881). Additionally, all previous records of Sinopoda stellatops Jäger & Ono, 2002 and S. forcipata from Korea are deemed misidentifications of S. jirisanensis and S. bogil sp. nov., respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Forum Pedagogiczne / Pedagogical Forum is the property of Uniwersytet Kardynala Stefana Wyszynskiego w Warszawie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Historically, individual doctors were responsible for maintaining their own professional competence. More recently, changing patient expectations, debate about the appropriateness of professional self-regulation, and high-profile cases of malpractice have led to a move towards formal regulation of professional competence (RPC). Such programmes require doctors to demonstrate that they are fit to practice, through a variety of means. Participation in RPC is now part of many doctors’ professional lives, yet it remains a highly contested area. Cost, limited evidence of impact, and lack of relevance to practice are amongst the criticisms cited. Doctors’ attitudes towards RPC, their beliefs about its objectives and effectiveness, and their experiences of trying to meet its requirements can impact engagement with the process. We aim to conduct a scoping review to map the empirical literature in this area, to summarise the key findings, and to identify gaps for future research. Methods We will conduct our review following the six phases outlined by Arksey and O’Malley, and Levac. We will search seven electronic databases: Academic Search Complete, Business Source Complete, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Social Sciences Full Text, and SocINDEX for relevant publications, and the websites of medical regulatory and educational organisations for documents. We will undertake backward and forward citation tracking of selected studies and will consult with international experts regarding key publications. Two researchers will independently screen papers for inclusion and extract data using a piloted data extraction tool. Data will be collated to provide a descriptive summary of the literature. A thematic analysis of the key findings will be presented as a narrative summary of the literature. Discussion We believe that this review will be of value to those tasked with the design and implementation of RPC programmes, helping them to maximise doctors’ commitment and engagement, and to researchers, pointing to areas that would benefit from further enquiry. This research is timely; internationally existing programmes are evolving, new programmes are being initiated, and many jurisdictions do not yet have programmes in place. There is an opportunity for learning across different programmes and from the experiences of established programmes. Our review will support that learning. Systematic review registration PROSPERO does not register scoping reviews.

Background: In many healthcare systems, physicians are accustomed to periodically participate in individual performance appraisals to guide their professional development. For the purpose of revalidation, or maintenance of certification, they need to demonstrate that they have engaged with the outcomes of these appraisals. The combination of taking ownership in professional development and meeting accountability requirements may cause undesirable interference of purposes. To support physicians in their professional development, new Dutch legislation requires that they discuss their performance data with a non-hierarchical (peer)coach and draft a personal development plan. In this study, we report on the design of this system for performance appraisal in a Dutch academic medical center.Methods: Using a design-based research approach, a hospital-based research group had the lead in drafting and implementing a performance appraisal protocol, selecting a multisource feedback tool, co-developing and piloting a coaching approach, implementing a planning tool, recruiting peer coaches and facilitating their training and peer group debriefings.Results: The system consisted of a two-hour peer-to-peer conversation based on the principles of appreciative inquiry and solution-focused coaching. Sessions were rated as highly motivating, development-oriented, concrete and valuable. Peer coaches were considered suitable, although occasionally physicians preferred a professional coach because of their expertise. The system honored both accountability and professional development purposes. By integrating the performance appraisal system with an already existing internal performance system, physicians were enabled to openly and safely discuss their professional development with a peer, while also being supported by their superior in their self-defined developmental goals. Although the peer-to-peer conversation was mandatory and participation in the process was documented, it was up to the physician whether or not to share its results with others, including their superior.Conclusions: In the context of mandatory revalidation, professional development can be supported when the appraisal process involves three characteristics: the appraisal process is appreciative and explores developmental opportunities; coaches are trustworthy and skilled; and the physician has control over the disclosure of the appraisal output. Although the peer-to-peer conversations were positively evaluated, the effects on physicians' professional development have yet to be investigated in longitudinal research designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The female type of Cetonana aculifera (Strand, 1916), currently a nomen dubium in Trachelidae, is rediscovered, and the species is revalidated, based on a redescription of the female and first description of the male. The new genus Griswoldellagen. nov. is described to accommodate G. aculiferacomb. nov. as its type species, and is placed in Corinnidae: Castianeirinae. The relationships between the Madagascan Griswoldellagen. nov., DisnyssusRaven, 2015 from Australia, and CambalidaSimon, 1909 from the Afrotropics and Indian subcontinent, are discussed within a morphological and biogeographical context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hope is a positive psychological construct, and it has been found to impact academic achievement; dispositional optimism; positive affect and school grades; better problem solving, adjustment, and coping; school connectedness; self-worth; and mental health of children and adolescents. Agency and pathways are two components of hope. Agency is the goal-directed thinking, and pathways are the strategizing new ways to achieve the goal if the original path is blocked. Children's Hope Scale (CHS) is one of the widely used scales to measure the hope of children. However, the systematic review of the factorial structure of CHS revealed that many studies failed to replicate the original factor structure of the scale. Thus, the present study aims to: (a) establish the construct validity of CHS in the Indian context, and (b) obtain the internal consistency of CHS. The sample consisted of 400 adolescents randomly selected from different public schools of Aligarh City, India. CHS was used to collect data. This scale has six items measuring the two factors of hope, namely, agency and pathways. The results of the present study largely supported the original factor structure of CHS, although two of the items did not load on their original factors. The cumulative percentage of variance explained by two factors of hope was 46.55%. The internal consistency of CHS was found to be .71. Thus,CHS can be considered a valid and reliable psychological test for the assessment of hope among Indian adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT. Coptochilus Amyot & Serville, 1843 is distinguishable from the other Neotropical Scutelleridae by the dorsally concave head, with lateral margins of mandibular plates elevated. Here we describe and revise the species of Coptochilus based on general and genital morphological traits. Coptochilus castaneus (Dallas, 1851), once synonymous with C. ferrugineus Amyot & Serville, 1843, is revalidated, and a new species, C. morrisi, is described from French Guiana. A key to the five species in the genus is provided.

A comparative morphology-based study of types and additional material of species previously assigned to Tetralaucopora Bernhauer, 1928, Tectusa Bernhauer, 1899, and various other genera of Oxypodina results in numerous taxonomic changes. Parocyusa Bernhauer, 1902, previously a synonym of Tectusa, is revalidated. The genus has a Holarctic distribution and currently includes 33 described species, 20 species in the West Palaearctic (including Middle Asia), twelve in the East Palaearctic, and two species (one of them probably native in the West Palaearctic) in the Nearctic region. The validity of two species, one from North Europe and one from Japan, requires confirmation and one name is treated as a tentative synonym. Ten of the West Palaearctic species are micropterous or submacropterous and have restricted distributions, whereas the remainder is macropterous and more or less widespread. Tectusa presently includes 41 described species, all of them micropterous and with restricted distributions, with the vast majority confined to mountain ranges in the Balkans. The genus is most likely polyphyletic. However, with the type material of several species (including the type species of available genus-group names) currently inaccessible, this issue will have to be addressed in a future revision. New combinations are proposed for all the species previously in Tetralaucopora and some previously in Tectusa or other genera, nine names are synonymized, and one name is preserved according to Article 23.9 of the Code (ICZN 1999): Parocyusa Bernhauer, 1902 = Tetralaucopora Bernhauer, 1928, resyn.; Parocyusa antennata (Eppelsheim, 1878), comb.n.; P. baicalensis (Eppelsheim, 1893), comb.n. = beijingensis (Pace, 1999), syn.n., = hebeiensis (Pace, 1999), syn.n.; P. bicolorata (Assing, 2007), comb.n.; P. caligula (Assing, 1996), comb.n.; P. carnica Lohse, 1988; P. championi (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. crebrepunctata (Strand, 1962), comb.n.; P. fuliginosa (Casey, 1906), comb.n.; P. germana (Cameron, 1939), comb.n. = rougemonti (Pace, 1986), syn.n.; P. hartmanni (Pace, 2013), comb.n. (ex Ocalea); P. holdhausi (Bernhauer, 1902); P. japonica (Cameron, 1933), comb.n.; P. knabli (Bernhauer, 1914) = tirolensis Scheerpeltz, 1958, syn.n.; P. lebedevi (Bernhauer, 1928), comb.n. = bucharica (Bernhauer, 1928), syn.n.; P. longicollis (Eppelsheim, 1889), comb.n.; P. longitarsis (Erichson, 1839), comb.n., nomen protectum = attenuata (Stephens, 1832), nomen oblitum, = syriaca (Saulcy, 1865), syn.n.; P. montana (Kraatz, 1856), comb.n.; P. ripicola (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. rubicunda (Erichson, 1837), comb.n. = cingulata (Kraatz, 1856), syn.n.; P. schuelkei (Assing, 1996), comb.n.; P. strupiiana Scheerpeltz, 1958; P. subcyanea (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. yakouensis (Pace, 2010), comb.n. (ex Ocyusa); P. yunnanensis (Pace, 1993), comb.n.; "Ocyusa" fuscobrunnea (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; "Cousya" quadrisulcata (Bernhauer, 1935) = nepalensis Pace, 2006, syn.n.; Oxypoda sinonigra (Pace, 2017), comb.n.; Oxypoda besucheti Focarile, 1982. Numerous species of Parocyusa and Tectusa are (re-) described and illustrated, among them 19 new taxa (nine of Parocyusa and ten of Tectusa): Parocyusa dilatata sp.n. (China: Yunnan); P. gilvipennis sp.n. (Kazakhstan); P. gonggaica sp.n. (China: Sichuan); P. gracillima sp.n. (South Turkey); P. kahleni sp.n. (South Slovenia); P. maculipennis sp.n. (Northwest Iran); P. matarata sp.n. (South Iran); P. spinosa sp.n. (China: Gansu); P. virilis sp.n. (Caucasus region: Russia, Armenia); Tectusa acrilobata sp.n (Erimanthos); T. apanoica sp.n. (Menalo); T. chelmosica sp.n. (Aroania); T. fimbriata sp.n. (Panahaiko); T. latilobata sp.n. (Giona, Iti, Parnassos); T. menaloica sp.n. (Menalo); T. parnonica sp.n. (Parnon); T. pauli sp.n. (Aroania); T. taygetana sp.n. (Taygetos); T. vodiasa sp.n. (Panahaiko). All the newly described Tectusa species are distributed in Greece and, except for T. to Tectusa are moved to the genus Duplocyusa gen.n. (type species Oxypoda uludaghensis Fagel, 1971), with the Carpathian species in the subgenus Carpocyusa subgen.n. (type species Tectusa nigromontis Zerche, 2007): Duplocyusa (Duplocyusa) uludaghensis Fagel, 1971, comb.n.; Duplocyusa (Carpocyusa) nigromontis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) bucegiensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) transsylvanica (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) rosenauensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) ceahlauensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) rodnaensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) calimaniensis (Zerche, 2008), comb.n.; D. (C.) iucasensis (Zerche, 2008), comb.n. In an appendix on miscellaneous genera of Oxypodina, the following revalidation, synonymies, and new combinations are proposed, and five species are described: Eurylophus J. Sahlberg, 1876, revalidated = Drepasiagonusa Pace, 2012, syn.n.; Eurylophus grandiceps J. Sahlberg, 1876, comb.n. = feldmanni (Assing, 2018), syn.n.; Eurylophus smetanai (Pace, 2012), comb.n.; E. procerus (Assing, 2018), comb.n.; E. tibeticus (Assing, 2018), comb.n.; E. angulatus (Assing, 2018), comb.n. (all Eurylophus species except E. grandiceps ex Drepasiagonusa); "Cousya" lobifera Pace, 2015 (probably belonging to an undescribed genus); Cousya luteipennis sp.n. (Uzbekistan); Parocalea tenebricosa sp.n. (Russian Far East); Trichoglossina taiwafimbriata (Pace, 2010), comb.n. (ex Oxypoda); Trichoglossina retunsa sp.n. (China: Yunnan); T. tricuspidata sp.n. (China: Yunnan); Chinecousya globosa sp.n. (China: Yunnan). Lectotypes are designated for Chilopora antennata Eppelsheim, 1878, C. baicalensis Eppelsheim, 1893, C. ripicola Cameron, 1939, and C. championi Cameron, 1939. The distributions of Parocyusa rubicunda, a species with evidently parthenogenetic populations in large parts of its range, and of 17 species of Tectusa are mapped. Numerous new records are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Descriptions of 18 new species of Coniopteryx (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae) from Madagascar are given, while Coniopteryx (X.) botswana Meinander, 1998 is reported as new to the fauna of this country. The new species are: Coniopteryx (C.) ambalihana sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) auricularia sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) bidentata sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) corniculata sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) crenata sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) fianarantsoana sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) geniculata sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) harinhalai sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) ihorombeana sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) microcauda sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) pseudoceylonica sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) pseudomalgasensis sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) ranomafanana sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) schizostylaris sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) spinicauda sp. n., Coniopteryx (C.) toamasinana sp. n., Coniopteryx (X.) antankarana sp. n., Coniopteryx (X.) tuleariensis sp. n. Also, Coniopteryx (X.) sestertia Meinander, 1998 is revalidated. The majority of the new species belong to the Coniopteryx lobifrons group; the distributional pattern of this species group is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New studies on cellulolytic enzymes aiming to improve biofuels production lead to a concern over the assaying methods commonly applied to measure their activity. One of the most used methods is Ghose's cellulase and endoglucanase assay, developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in 1987. Carrying out this method demands high volumes of reagents and generation of high amounts of chemical residues. This work aimed to adapt Ghose's methodology to reduce its application cost and residue generation and validate the adjustments. To do so, International and Brazilian laws were applied to validate methodologies. Method's modifications were successfully validated according to all institutions and were considered linear, accurate, precise, and reproducible. It was possible to reduce the volume of reagents and residues in 12 times. Considering the routine work of most laboratories, it is a great reduction on material costs and residue treatment, which reflects in sustainability and environmental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Order of the Hospitable Brothers was founded by João Cidade Duarte, later known as Saint John of God (Montemor-o-Novo, Portugal, 1495 - Granada, Spain, 1550). Pope Leo XIII appointed him Patron Saint of Hospitals and Sick. At the end of 1942, this Catholic community settled in an old chalet acquired in Ramos Mejía. The scope of this research was to study the creation of the Saint John of God Hospital House. Our particular interest in the study of this order of Catholic priests led us to review the background of the creation of health care institutions linked to the Catholic Church in the Spanish colonial era and of Argentina as an independent nation to provide a historical context. Our working hypothesis was that the institution would have come out from the initiative of priests of the order to provide asylum and health care to children with polio sequelae, fulfilling a need of this vulnerable population that required rehabilitation and specialized care; and that this realization benefitted from the combination of the skills of the priests, companies, political officials and landowners, members of the upper class. Our materials have been textual (foundational records and journalistic archives) and iconographic (photographs, plaques of remembrance and other museum objects) to which we had access, studied through text and image analysis to identify the main actors, their origins and motivations. We conclude that the emergence of the Saint John of God Hospital House of Ramos Mejía is an example of the work of religious groups, guided on charity and mercy principles to provide health care to specific groups that seem to have been made invisible by the governmental powers of the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are ambitious overseas recruitment targets to alleviate current GP shortages in the UK. GP training in European Economic Area (EEA) countries is recognised by the General Medical Council (GMC) as equivalent UK training; non- EEA GPs must obtain a Certificate of Eligibility for General Practice Registration (CEGPR), demonstrating equivalence to UK- trained GPs. The CEGPR may be a barrier to recruiting GPs from non- EEA countries. It is important to facilitate the most streamlined route into UK general practice while maintaining registration standards and patient safety. Aim: To apply a previously published mapping methodology to four non- EEA countries: South Africa, US, Canada, and New Zealand. Design & setting: Desk- based research was undertaken. This was supplemented with stakeholder interviews. Method: The method consisted of: (1) a rapid review of 13 non- EEA countries using a structured mapping framework, and publicly available website content and country- based informant interviews; (2) mapping of five 'domains' of comparison between four overseas countries and the UK (healthcare context, training pathway, curriculum, assessment, and continuing professional development (CPD) and revalidation). Mapping of the domains involved desk- based research. A red, amber, or green (RAG) rating was applied to indicate the degree of alignment with the UK. Results: All four countries were rated 'green'. Areas of differences that should be considered by regulatory authorities when designing streamlined CEGPR processes for these countries include: healthcare context (South Africa and US), CPD and revalidation (US, Canada, and South Africa), and assessments (New Zealand). Conclusion: Mapping these four non- EEA countries to the UK provides evidence of utility of the systematic method for comparing GP training between countries, and may support the UK's ambitions to recruit more GPs to alleviate UK GP workforce pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reasons necessitating revalidation of liquid chromatography procedures and possible exceptions to them for quality control procedures of pharmaceuticals and medicines are reviewed. Allowed adjustments of chromatography conditions are discussed with respect to type of elution (isocratic or gradient) and procedure in the USA and European pharmacopoeias. Several of the recommendations in the USA and European pharmacopoeias regarding allowed adjustments of chromatography conditions, including replacement of a sorbent by one of the same type, are demonstrated with justification to be unacceptable for impurity determination procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An updated Competency Framework for all Prescribers was published in July 2016 and has been widely promoted as an effective tool for supporting prescribing practice. It can support practitioners to develop their practice and to demonstrate they are competent. However, for some, using it in practice remains a daunting task. In this article, the history and role of competency frameworks will be explored, detailing the background to the concept of competence in the NHS and how it has been described. The development of the competency framework for prescribing will be explored and examples given of how the updated Competency Framework for all Prescribers can be used in practice. Its use by all prescribers in all settings will be illustrated, to support current and future prescribers to develop their practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Douleur et Analgésie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Medical revalidation is the process by which all licensed doctors are legally required to demonstrate that they are up to date and fit to practise in order to maintain their licence. Revalidation was introduced in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2012, constituting significant change in the regulation of doctors. The governing body, the General Medical Council (GMC), envisages that revalidation will improve patient care and safety. This potential however is, in part, dependent upon how successfully revalidation is embedded into routine practice. The aim of this study was to use Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) to explore issues contributing to or impeding the implementation of revalidation in practice. Methods We conducted seventy-one interviews with sixty UK policymakers and senior leaders at different points during the development and implementation of revalidation: in 2011 (n = 31), 2013 (n = 26) and 2015 (n = 14). We selected interviewees using purposeful sampling. NPT was used as a framework to enable systematic analysis across the interview sets. Results Initial lack of consensus over revalidation’s purpose, and scepticism about its value, decreased over time as participants recognised the benefits it brought to their practice (coherence category of NPT). Though acceptance increased across time, revalidation was not seen as a legitimate part of their role by all doctors. Key individuals, notably the Responsible Officer (RO), were vital for the successful implementation of revalidation in organisations (cognitive participation category). The ease with which revalidation could be integrated into working practices varied greatly depending on the type of role a doctor held and the organisation they work for and the provision of resources was a significant variable in this (collective action category). Formal evaluation of revalidation in organisations was lacking but informal evaluation was taking place. Revalidation had not yet reached the stage where feedback was being used for improvement (reflexive monitoring category). Conclusions Requiring all organisations to use the same revalidation model made revalidation easy to integrate into existing work for some but problematic for others. In order for revalidation to be fully embedded and successful, impeding factors, such as a lack of resources, need to be addressed.

Effective food safety (FS) management relies on the understanding of the factors that contribute to FS incidents (FSIs) and the means for their mitigation and control. This review aims to explore the application of systematic accident analysis tools to both design FS management systems (FSMSs) as well as to investigate FSI to identify contributive and causative factors associated with FSI and the means for their elimination or control. The study has compared and contrasted the diverse characteristics of linear, epidemiological, and systematic accident analysis tools and hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) and the types and depth of qualitative and quantitative analysis they promote. Systematic accident analysis tools, such as the Accident Map Model, the Functional Resonance Accident Model, or the Systems Theoretical Accident Model and Processes, are flexible systematic approaches to analyzing FSI within a socio-technical food system which is complex and continually evolving. They can be applied at organizational, supply chain, or wider food system levels. As with the application of HACCP principles, the process is time-consuming and requires skilled users to achieve the level of systematic analysis required to ensure effective validation and verification of FSMS and revalidation and reverification following an FSI. Effective revalidation and reverification are essential to prevent recurrent FSI and to inform new practices and processes for emergent FS concerns and the means for their control., (© 2024 The Authors. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Institute of Food Technologists.)

Background: Despite increasing calls for patient and public involvement in health‐care quality improvement, the question of how patient evaluations can contribute to physician learning and performance assessment has received scant attention. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore, amid calls for patient involvement in quality assurance, patients' perspectives on their role in the evaluation of physician performance and to support physicians' learning and decision making on professional competence. Design: A qualitative study based on semi‐structured interviews. Setting and Participants: The study took place in a secondary care setting in the Netherlands. The authors selected 25 patients from two Dutch hospitals and through the Dutch Lung Foundation, using purposive sampling. Methods: Data were analysed according to the principles of template analysis, based on an a priori coding framework developed from the literature about patient empowerment, feedback and performance assessment. Results: The analysis unearthed three predominant patient perspectives: the proactive perspective, the restrained perspective and the outsider perspective. These perspectives differed in terms of perceived power dynamics within the doctor‐patient relationship, patients' perceived ability, and willingness to provide feedback and evaluate their physician's performance. Patients' perspectives thus affected the role patients envisaged for themselves in evaluating physician performance. Discussion and conclusion: Although not all patients are equally suitable or willing to be involved, patients can play a role in evaluating physician performance and continuing training through formative approaches. To involve patients successfully, it is imperative to distinguish between different patient perspectives and empower patients by ensuring a safe environment for feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The introduction of medical revalidation in 2012 has been a controversial and radical change to medical regulation in the UK. It involved changes to the way organizations manage medical performance, and to the relationships between doctors, their employers and the professional regulatory body. In this paper, we explore the implementation of medical revalidation, analysing the change process and its consequences for doctors and organizations. Methods: We conducted a qualitative investigation of the implementation of revalidation in 15 case study organizations in 2016–2017, collecting documents and undertaking a total of 80 interviews with medical and non-medical staff. We used Normalization Process Theory to frame and structure the analysis. Results: Revalidation reforms were largely implemented successfully within and across our case study organizations, with evidence of growing acceptance of the purpose and processes of revalidation. There was an emergent shift from securing doctors' compliance towards the use of revalidation to strengthen clinical governance, and towards evaluating revalidation processes and seeking to make them more effective. However, there was substantial variation in the implementation and impact of revalidation; it was still not fully understood by many doctors, and revalidation processes were highly reliant on a few key individuals in each organization. The changes brought about by revalidation have had consequences for the way in which doctors construct their identity and the way they relate to the organizations in which they work. Conclusion: Despite considerable early scepticism and overt opposition in the medical profession, revalidation has become gradually accepted, embedded and even valued over time. Its impact and effectiveness are still questioned by many stakeholders, and the focus of attention has now shifted towards revising and improving the way revalidation works in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coptochilus Amyot & Serville, 1843 is distinguishable from the other Neotropical Scutelleridae by the dorsally concave head, with lateral margins of mandibular plates elevated. Here we describe and revise the species of Coptochilus based on general and genital morphological traits. Coptochilus castaneus (Dallas, 1851), once synonymous with C. ferrugineus Amyot & Serville, 1843, is revalidated, and a new species, C. morrisi, is described from French Guiana. A key to the five species in the genus is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurses are regularly required to make clear and coherent written arguments. Formulating arguments is an important element of academic coursework for nursing students, while nurses are required to demonstrate evidence of their learning, reflection and continuing professional development as part of their revalidation. Improving their practice knowledge and skills also requires nurses to reason and express themselves in writing. This article explains how context contributes to the formulation of arguments and how to differentiate between argument and opinion. It details how premises and supporting information are used to underpin an argument. The article uses a case study to demonstrate how a coherent written argument can contribute to practice improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewal of healthcare registration or license to practise is becomingly increasingly common, worldwide. Evidence regarding the experience of nursing and midwifery revalidation in the United Kingdom is limited. Preparation of students for the process has not yet been considered in the literature. To explore registrants' experiences of undertaking or supporting colleagues through revalidation. To consider preparation of pre-registration students for this future professional requirement. A descriptive exploratory study comprising an on-line survey. A university in the southwest of England and associated clinical placements. Nursing and Midwifery Council registrants, comprising 40 university staff and 40 clinicians; 36 pre-registration nursing and midwifery students. Participation in an anonymous on-line survey was invited via university databases. Descriptive statistical analysis of quantitative data used a combination of software and manual methods. Qualitative data were manually coded and categorised into themes through inductive reasoning. Most experiences of revalidation were positive. Reflective discussions resulted in mutual learning, particularly if partners were chosen by the registrant. External scrutiny was welcomed. Some registrants questioned involvement of line managers and alignment with performance review, seeking to avoid a 'tick-box exercise' and conflicts of interest. University staff felt better prepared and more positive than clinicians. Pre-registration curriculum activities preparing students included writing reflections, maintaining portfolios, practice assessment and discussions about the revalidation process. Midwifery students seemed better prepared than nursing peers. Key themes of ' Professional values ', ' Preparation ', ' Process ' and ' Purpose ' and a range of positive influences and potential hazards informed development of a conceptual model. The purpose and process of revalidation is enhanced if confirmation is undertaken by a registered nurse or midwife of the individual's choice. Preparation of students for future revalidation is facilitated by role-modelling of positive attitudes and explicitly linking relevant pre-registration curriculum activities to this process and purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article reflects on the value and outcomes of two projects commissioned by NHS England and Somerset Clinical Commissioning Group. The projects demonstrate how a robust strategy can empower practice nurses (PNs) to change practice and provide a sustainable way forward in appraisals, revalidation and continuous professional development. The project encompassed clinical supervision and its value for PN teams and contributions to appraisal. The projects trained a sufficient number of appraisers for PNs across the geographical areas involved to be able to access an appraiser local to them. The appraisal portfolio developed for the projects has been adopted by many PNs who want to use a system that is easy to access and is an alternative to online portfolios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In 2016 the Nursing and Midwifery Council in the UK introduced revalidation, which is the process nurses are required to follow to renew their registration. This provides an opportunity for nurses to shape, develop and evolve social media to meet their professional requirements. Aims: to examine different ways nurses can use social media tools for continuous professional development (CPD) and revalidation. Methods: using a qualitative reflective design, data were gathered from content on the @WeNurses platform and activities organised with other leading health organisations in England. These data were analysed using the social media relationship triangle developed by the authors with a thematic analysis approach. Findings: analysis revealed that social media was used in six categories: publishing, sharing, messaging, discussing, collaborating, and networking. Organised social media events such as: blogs, tweetchats, Twitter storms, webinars, infographics, podcasts, videos and virtual book clubs can support nurses with revalidation and professional development. Conclusion: Through using a participatory CPD approach and embracing professional social media applications nurses have moved social media from the concept of a revolution to an evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflection is a hallmark of professional practice and an important element of the Nursing and Midwifery Council revalidation process. Following two previous continuing professional development articles, on reflection and professional learning and on reflection and personal learning, this article will aim to explore the specific elements of reflection required for revalidation. This publication should help demystify and support registrants embarking on the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Mehdizadeh and colleagues recently described the prevalence of General Medical Council regulatory performance assessments by doctors’ country of primary medical qualification. This article has caused anger within the UK–international medical community because it identifies graduates of certain countries with significantly raised prevalence. The present article comments on evidence from published Royal College of General Practitioners’ data that support these conclusions. However, in an increasingly international age of medical education, the ambiguity of attributions of qualifying from a certain country needs addressing. Some medical students of British nationality, for example, who fail to obtain a place at a UK medical school, train in medical schools abroad, and thus may be identified as international medical graduates. Please see related article: https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-017-0903-6 .