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5. Ixodes ricinus as potential vector for Usutu virus.

Author

Bakker, Julian W., Münger, Emmanuelle, Esser, Helen J., Sikkema, Reina S., de Boer, Willem F., Sprong, Hein, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., de Vries, Ankje, Kohl, Robert, van der Linden, Anne, Stroo, Arjan, van der Jeugd, Henk, Pijlman, Gorben P., Koopmans, Marion P. G., Munnink, Bas B. Oude, and Koenraadt, Constantianus J. M.

Subjects
CASTOR bean tick, ARTIFICIAL feeding, MOSQUITO vectors, BIRD mortality, ARTIFICIAL membranes
Abstract

Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging flavivirus that is maintained in an enzootic cycle with mosquitoes as vectors and birds as amplifying hosts. In Europe, the virus has caused mass mortality of wild birds, mainly among Common Blackbird (Turdus merula) populations. While mosquitoes are the primary vectors for USUV, Common Blackbirds and other avian species are exposed to other arthropod ectoparasites, such as ticks. It is unknown, however, if ticks can maintain and transmit USUV. We addressed this question using in vitro and in vivo experiments and field collected data. USUV replicated in IRE/CTVM19 Ixodes ricinus tick cells and in injected ticks. Moreover, I. ricinus nymphs acquired the virus via artificial membrane blood-feeding and maintained the virus for at least 70 days. Transstadial transmission of USUV from nymphs to adults was confirmed in 4.9% of the ticks. USUV disseminated from the midgut to the haemocoel, and was transmitted via the saliva of the tick during artificial membrane blood-feeding. We further explored the role of ticks by monitoring USUV in questing ticks and in ticks feeding on wild birds in the Netherlands between 2016 and 2019. In total, 622 wild birds and the Ixodes ticks they carried were tested for USUV RNA. Of these birds, 48 (7.7%) carried USUV-positive ticks. The presence of negative-sense USUV RNA in ticks, as confirmed via small RNA-sequencing, showed active virus replication. In contrast, we did not detect USUV in 15,381 questing ticks collected in 2017 and 2019. We conclude that I. ricinus can be infected with USUV and can transstadially and horizontally transmit USUV. However, in comparison to mosquito-borne transmission, the role of I. ricinus ticks in the epidemiology of USUV is expected to be minor. Author summary: Usutu virus (USUV) is a virus primarily circulating between birds and mosquitoes. Other blood-feeding arthropods, such as ticks, feed on birds. However, it is unknown whether ticks can be infected with USUV and transmit the virus to birds or other animals. Therefore, we infected a tick cell line and ticks collected from the field with USUV. We showed that the virus replicates in tick cells, as well as in field-collected ticks. Moreover, we showed that USUV disseminated through the tick body and was excreted with the saliva of ticks during artificial feeding. We further investigated if ticks are infected with USUV while feeding on wild birds and when searching for a host in the vegetation. We found that 7.7% of tick-infested birds carried USUV positive ticks, while USUV was not detected in questing ticks. Our findings provide evidence that ticks can be infected with USUV and might transmit the virus to another host, but the role of ticks in the transmission of USUV is expected to be minor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Ebola Virus Inactivation by Detergents Is Annulled in Serum

Author

van Kampen, Jeroen J. A., Tintu, Andrei, Russcher, Henk, Fraaij, Pieter L. A., Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Rijken, Mikel, van Hellemond, Jaap J., van Genderen, Perry J. J., Koelewijn, Rob, de Jong, Menno D., Haddock, Elaine, Fischer, Robert J., Munster, Vincent J., and Koopmans, Marion P. G.

Published
2017

10. External quality assessment of orthohantavirus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus molecular detection and serology in Europe, 2021.

Author

Erdin, Mert, Stanoeva, Kamelia R., Mögling, Ramona, Korva, Miša, Knap, Nataša, Resman Rus, Katarina, Domingo, Cristina, Reimerink, Johan H. J., de Vries, Ankje, Alburkat, Hussein, Utriainen, Mira, Gossner, Céline M., Sironen, Tarja, Avšič-Županc, Tatjana, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., and Vapalahti, Olli

Published
2023
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14. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: an outbreak investigation

Author

Haagmans, Bart L, Al Dhahiry, Said H S, Reusken, Chantal B E M, Raj, V Stalin, Galiano, Monica, Myers, Richard, Godeke, Gert-Jan, Jonges, Marcel, Farag, Elmoubasher, Diab, Ayman, Ghobashy, Hazem, Alhajri, Farhoud, Al-Thani, Mohamed, Al-Marri, Salih A, Al Romaihi, Hamad E, Al Khal, Abdullatif, Bermingham, Alison, Osterhaus, Albert D M E, AlHajri, Mohd M, and Koopmans, Marion P G

Published
2014
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16. Frequent Infection of Cats With SARS-CoV-2 Irrespective of Pre-Existing Enzootic Coronavirus Immunity, Brazil 2020

Author

Oliveira-Filho, Edmilson F. de, primary, de Carvalho, Otávio V., additional, Carneiro, Ianei O., additional, Fernandes, Fagner D’ambroso, additional, Vaz, Sara Nunes, additional, Pedroso, Célia, additional, Gonzalez-Auza, Lilian, additional, Urbieta, Victor Carvalho, additional, Kühne, Arne, additional, Mayoral, Rafaela, additional, Jo, Wendy K., additional, Moreira-Soto, Andrés, additional, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Brites, Carlos, additional, Osterrieder, Klaus, additional, Netto, Eduardo Martins, additional, Ristow, Luiz Eduardo, additional, Maia, Rita de Cassia, additional, Vogel, Fernanda S. Flores, additional, Almeida, Nadia Rossi de, additional, Franke, Carlos Roberto, additional, and Drexler, Jan Felix, additional

Published
2022
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17. Faeces as a novel material to estimate lyssavirus prevalence in bat populations

Author

Begeman, Lineke, Kooi, Engbert A, van Weezep, Erik, van de Bildt, Marco W G, Reusken, Chantal B E M, Lina, Peter H C, Koopmans, Marion P G, van den Brand, Judith M A, Kuiken, Thijs, Veterinair Pathologisch Diagnostisch Cnt, dPB I&I, dPB CR, Virology, Veterinair Pathologisch Diagnostisch Cnt, dPB I&I, and dPB CR

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Veterinary medicine, animal structures, Epidemiology, Short Communication, 030106 microbiology, 030231 tropical medicine, Pilot Projects, Oral cavity, Feces, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Chiroptera, medicine, Animals, Eptesicus serotinus, Lyssavirus, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lyssavirus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology & Molecular Biology, Virologie & Moleculaire Biologie, Infectious Diseases, surveillance, RNA, Viral, Prevalence studies, Rabies, Digestive tract, faeces, Faecal pellet
Abstract

Rabies is caused by infection with a lyssavirus. Bat rabies is of concern for both public health and bat conservation. The current method for lyssavirus prevalence studies in bat populations is by oral swabbing, which is invasive for the bats, dangerous for handlers, time‐consuming and expensive. In many situations, such sampling is not feasible, and hence, our understanding of epidemiology of bat rabies is limited. Faeces are usually easy to collect from bat colonies without disturbing the bats and thus could be a practical and feasible material for lyssavirus prevalence studies. To further explore this idea, we performed virological analysis on faecal pellets and oral swabs of seven serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) that were positive for European bat 1 lyssavirus in the brain. We also performed immunohistochemical and virological analyses on digestive tract samples of these bats to determine potential sources of lyssavirus in the faeces. We found that lyssavirus detection by RT‐qPCR was nearly as sensitive in faecal pellets (6/7 bats positive, 86%) as in oral swabs (7/7 bats positive, 100%). The likely source of lyssavirus in the faeces was virus excreted into the oral cavity from the salivary glands (5/6 bats positive by immunohistochemistry and RT‐qPCR) or tongue (3/4 bats positive by immunohistochemistry) and swallowed with saliva. Virus could not be isolated from any of the seven faecal pellets, suggesting the lyssavirus detected in faeces is not infectious. Lyssavirus detection in the majority of faecal pellets of infected bats shows that this novel material should be further explored for lyssavirus prevalence studies in bats.

Published
2019

18. Geographical variability affects CCHFV detection by RT-PCR

Author

Gruber, Cesare E. M., Bartolini, Barbara, Castilletti, Concetta, Mirazimi, Ali, Hewson, Roger, Christova, Iva, Avšič-Županc, Tatjana, Grunow, Roland, Papa, Anna, Sánchez-Seco, María P., Koopmans, Marion, Ippolito, Giuseppe, Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., and Di Caro, Antonino

Subjects
molecular detection, CCHFV, arbovirus, udc:616.9, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, laboratory preparedness, Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, emerging diseases, arthropod-borne virus, krimsko-kongoška hemoragična mrzlica, molekularno odkrivanje
Abstract

The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is considered to be a major emerging infectious threat, according to the WHO R&D blueprint. A wide range of CCHFV molecular assays have been developed, employing varied primer/probe combinations. The high genetic variability of CCHFV often hampers the efficacy of available molecular tests and can affect their diagnostic potential. Recently, increasing numbers of complete CCHFV genomic sequences have become available, allowing a better appreciation of the genomic evolution of this virus. We summarized the current knowledge on molecular methods and developed a new bioinformatics tool to evaluate the existing assays for CCHFV detection, with a special focus on strains circulating in different geographical areas. Twenty-two molecular methods and 181 sequences of CCHFV were collected, respectively, from PubMed and GenBank databases. Up to 28 mismatches between primers and probes of each assay and CCHFV strains were detected through in-silico PCR analysis. Combinations of up to three molecular methods markedly decreased the number of mismatches within most geographic areas. These results supported the good practice of CCHFV detection of performing more than one assay, aimed for different sequence targets. The choice of the most appropriate tests must take into account patient's travel history and geographic distribution of the different CCHFV strains.

Published
2021

20. High Efficacy of Therapeutic Equine Hyperimmune Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern

Author

Moreira-Soto, Andres, primary, Arguedas, Mauricio, additional, Brenes, Hebleen, additional, Buján, Willem, additional, Corrales-Aguilar, Eugenia, additional, Díaz, Cecilia, additional, Echeverri, Ann, additional, Flores-Díaz, Marietta, additional, Gómez, Aarón, additional, Hernández, Andrés, additional, Herrera, María, additional, León, Guillermo, additional, Macaya, Román, additional, Kühne, Arne, additional, Molina-Mora, José Arturo, additional, Mora, Javier, additional, Sanabria, Alfredo, additional, Sánchez, Andrés, additional, Sánchez, Laura, additional, Segura, Álvaro, additional, Segura, Eduardo, additional, Solano, Daniela, additional, Soto, Claudio, additional, Stynoski, Jennifer L., additional, Vargas, Mariángela, additional, Villalta, Mauren, additional, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Gutiérrez, José María, additional, Alape-Girón, Alberto, additional, and Drexler, Jan Felix, additional

Published
2021
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21. Pathology and Pathogenesis of Eurasian Blackbirds (Turdus merula) Naturally Infected with Usutu Virus

Author

Giglia, Giuseppe, primary, Agliani, Gianfilippo, additional, Munnink, Bas B. Oude, additional, Sikkema, Reina S., additional, Mandara, Maria Teresa, additional, Lepri, Elvio, additional, Kik, Marja, additional, Ijzer, Jooske, additional, Rijks, Jolianne M., additional, Fast, Christine, additional, Koopmans, Marion P. G., additional, Verheije, Monique H., additional, Gröne, Andrea, additional, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., additional, and van den Brand, Judith M. A., additional

Published
2021
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23. High Efficacy of Therapeutic Equine Hyperimmune Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern

Author

Moreira Soto, Andrés, Gutiérrez, José María, Alape Girón, Alberto, Drexler, Jan Felix, Arguedas Gómez, Mauricio, Brenes Porras, Hebleen, Buján Boza, Willem Aart, Corrales Aguilar, Eugenia, Díaz Oreiro, Cecilia, Echeverri McCandless, Ann, Flores Díaz, Marietta, Macaya Hayes, Román, Kühne, Arne, Molina Mora, José Arturo, Mora Rodríguez, Javier Francisco, Sanabria Castro, Alfredo, Sánchez Brenes, Andrés, Sánchez Céspedes, Laura Vanessa, Segura Ruiz, Álvaro, Segura Agüero, Eduardo, Solano Centeno, Daniela, Soto Garita, Claudio, Stynoski, Jennifer Lynn, Vargas Arroyo, Mariángela, Villalta Arrieta, Mauren, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., and Drosten, Christian

Subjects
Variant of concern, PRNT titers 50, SARS-CoV-2, VIROLOGÍA, COVID-19, Neutralization test, Therapy, Equine antibodies
Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern show reduced neutralization by vaccine-induced and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies; therefore, treatment alternatives are needed. We tested therapeutic equine polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) that are being assessed in clinical trials in Costa Rica against five globally circulating variants of concern: alpha, beta, epsilon, gamma and delta, using plaque reduction neutralization assays. We show that equine pAbs efficiently neutralize the variants of concern, with inhibitory concentrations in the range of 0.146–1.078µg/mL, which correspond to extremely low concentrations when compared to pAbs doses used in clinical trials. Equine pAbs are an effective, broad coverage, low-cost and a scalable COVID-19 treatment. German academic exchange services/[57592642]/DAAD/Alemania Universidad de Costa Rica/[741-C0-198]/UCR/Costa Rica Banco Centroamericano de Integración Económica/[]/BCIE/Costa Rica UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de Microbiología UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto Clodomiro Picado (ICP) UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de Medicina::Escuela de Medicina

Published
2021

24. Variable sensitivity in molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in European Expert Laboratories: External Quality Assessment, June - July 2020

Author

Fischer, Carlo, Mögling, Ramona, Melidou, Angeliki, Kühne, Arne, Oliveira-Filho, Edmilson F, Wolff, Thorsten, Reiche, Janine, Broberg, Eeva, Meijer, Adam, Leitmeyer, Katrin, Drexler, Jan Felix, and Reusken, Chantal B E M

Subjects
viruses, fungi, virus diseases, skin and connective tissue diseases, respiratory tract diseases
Abstract

Objective: During the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, robust detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a key element for clinical management and to interrupt transmission chains. We organized an external quality assessment (EQA) of molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 for European expert laboratories.Study design: An EQA panel composed of 12 samples, containing either SARS-CoV-2 at different concentrations to evaluate sensitivity or other respiratory viruses to evaluate specificity of SARS-CoV-2 testing, was distributed to 68 laboratories in 35 countries. Specificity samples included seasonal human coronaviruses hCoV-229E, hCoV-NL63 and hCoV-OC43, as well as MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and human influenza virus A and B.Conclusion: Sensitivity was variable among laboratories, particularly for low concentration SARS-CoV-2 samples. Results indicated that performance was mostly independent of the selection of specific extraction or PCR methods.

Published
2020

25. Characterization of the Immunopathology of Usutu Virus-Associated Encephalitis: A Pilot Study in Naturally Infected Eurasian Blackbirds (Turdus Merula)

Author

Giglia, G., Agliani, Gianfilippo, Oude Munnik, Bas B., Sikkema, Reina S, Rijks, Jolianne, Koopmans, M.P.G., Reusken, Chantal B E M, Gröne, Andrea, Mandara, Maria Teresa, van den Brand, JM, VP pathologie, dPB I&I, dPB CR, VPDC pathologie, VP pathologie, dPB I&I, dPB CR, and VPDC pathologie

Subjects
General Veterinary, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus. USUV-related outbreaks of disease and mortality in wild birds, as well as neuroinvasive disease in humans have raised a health concern in Europe. Although a few pathologic studies describe the morphologic features of USUV-associated encephalitis in naturally infected wild birds, data regarding the immune response in situ are still lacking. This study aims to characterize the immune-cell populations in Usutu virus-associated encephalitis, comparing uninfected birds with birds infected with two circulating virus lineages. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed with specific antibodies for CD3 (T cells), PAX5 (early B cells) and MUM1 (late B cells and plasma cells) on brain tissue. Cell count was performed, and results were compared between uninfected birds (n = 4) and birds infected with Europe-3 (n = 4) and Africa-3 (n = 4) USUV-lineage. Results: The numbers of T cells and early and late B cells were higher in USUV-infected birds compared with uninfected birds, the majority being CD3+ cells. The PAX5+ cell count was higher, to a small degree, in Africa-3 compared with Europe-3-infected birds. Conclusions: This study reveals a major T cell and a minor B cell involvement in the immunopathology of Usutu virus-associated encephalitis. A slightly higher number of B cells in Africa-3-infected birds suggests a possible difference in the host response to these two lineages. Further and larger scale studies are needed to characterize the T cell population.

Published
2022

26. Variable Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Detection in European Expert Laboratories: External Quality Assessment, June and July 2020

Author

Fischer, Carlo, primary, Mögling, Ramona, additional, Melidou, Angeliki, additional, Kühne, Arne, additional, Oliveira-Filho, Edmilson F., additional, Wolff, Thorsten, additional, Reiche, Janine, additional, Broberg, Eeva, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Meijer, Adam, additional, Leitmeyer, Katrin, additional, Drexler, Jan Felix, additional, and Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., additional

Published
2021
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28. Additional file 3 of Spatial risk analysis for the introduction and circulation of six arboviruses in the Netherlands

Author

Esser, Helen Joan, Liefting, Yorick, Ibáñez-Justicia, Adolfo, Jeugd, Henk Van Der, Turnhout, Chris A. M. Van, Stroo, Arjan, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Koopmans, Marion P. G., and Boer, Willem Fred De

Abstract

Additional file 3: Figures S1–S19. Individual layers (ecological risk factors) that were used for constructing the hazard maps.

Published
2020
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29. Additional file 4 of Spatial risk analysis for the introduction and circulation of six arboviruses in the Netherlands

Author

Esser, Helen Joan, Liefting, Yorick, Ibáñez-Justicia, Adolfo, Jeugd, Henk Van Der, Turnhout, Chris A. M. Van, Stroo, Arjan, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Koopmans, Marion P. G., and Boer, Willem Fred De

Abstract

Additional file 4: Figures S20–S25. Schematic representation of the steps taken to construct the hazard maps for the establishment of each of the six arboviruses.

Published
2020
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30. Additional file 2 of Spatial risk analysis for the introduction and circulation of six arboviruses in the Netherlands

Author

Esser, Helen Joan, Liefting, Yorick, Ibáñez-Justicia, Adolfo, Jeugd, Henk Van Der, Turnhout, Chris A. M. Van, Stroo, Arjan, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Koopmans, Marion P. G., and Boer, Willem Fred De

Subjects
fungi, parasitic diseases
Abstract

Additional file 2: Text S1. Description of the methods used for modelling mosquito abundance, including information on mosquito data collection, the environmental data used and the statistical methods applied.

Published
2020
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34. The invasive Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus found in the Netherlands can experimentally transmit Zika virus and Usutu virus

Author

Abbo, Sandra R., primary, Visser, Tessa M., additional, Wang, Haidong, additional, Göertz, Giel P., additional, Fros, Jelke J., additional, Abma-Henkens, Marleen H. C., additional, Geertsema, Corinne, additional, Vogels, Chantal B. F., additional, Koopmans, Marion P. G., additional, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., additional, Hall-Mendelin, Sonja, additional, Hall, Roy A., additional, van Oers, Monique M., additional, Koenraadt, Constantianus J. M., additional, and Pijlman, Gorben P., additional

Published
2020
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35. SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses in COVID-19 patients

Author

Okba, Nisreen M.A., primary, Müller, Marcel A., additional, Li, Wentao, additional, Wang, Chunyan, additional, GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H., additional, Corman, Victor M., additional, Lamers, Mart M., additional, Sikkema, Reina S., additional, de Bruin, Erwin, additional, Chandler, Felicity D., additional, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, additional, Le Hingrat, Quentin, additional, Descamps, Diane, additional, Houhou-Fidouh, Nadhira, additional, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., additional, Bosch, Berend-Jan, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Koopmans, Marion P.G., additional, and Haagmans, Bart L., additional

Published
2020
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36. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1–6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel

Author

Peña, J. E., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy J., Obligado, A., Rossetto, C. J., Ribeiro, I. J. A., Gallo, P. B., Soares, N. B., Sabino, J. C., Martins, A. L. M., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R. C., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M. J., Johnson, G. I., Joyce, D. C., Irwin, J. A. G., Saaiman, W. C., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L. M., Cooke, A. W., Dean, J. R., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M. C. C., Bautista, M. L., Artes, L. A., Bacalangco, N. S., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D. P., Masalkar, S. D., Gaikwad, R. S., Damame, S. V., Bally, Ian S. E., O’Hare, Tim J., Holmes, Rowland J., Atabekov, J. G., Fauquet, Claude M., Tomori, O., Nuss, D. L., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B. D., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J. F., van Rossum, C. M. A., Garcia, M. L., van der Vossen, E. A. G., Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Canto, T. R., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M. J., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria A., Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter D., Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef J., Proll, D. F., Guyatt, K. J., Davidson, A. D., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C. M., Thomson, M., Roland, K. E., Dawson, W. O., Bao, Y., Carter, S. A., Nelson, R. S., Derrick, P. M., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J. K., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri G., Malkin, Alexander J., Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K. I., Dorokhov, Y. L., Kim, C. H., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A. I., Serra, M. T., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Covey, S. N., Richert-Pöggeler, K. R., Shepherd, R. J., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E. K., El Afifi, Soheir I., Abo El Nasr, M. A., Abd El Ghaffar, M. H., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K. E., Hampton, R. O., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S. S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M. Y. D., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob W., van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K. M., Spall, V. E., Lomonossoff, G. P., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A. G., Zelenina, D. A., Savenkov, E. I., Grdzelishvili, V. Z., Morozov, S. Y., Jansen, K. A. J., Wolfs, C. J. A. M., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B. J. M., Stein-Margolina, V. A., Hsu, Y. H., Chang, B. Y., Lin, N. S., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David C., English, David J., Müller, E., Baulcombe, D. C., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J. P. T., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y. C., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W. P., Moyer, J. W., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G. A., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M. R., Ding, X. S., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour G., Dugdale, B., Beetham, P. R., Harding, R. M., Dale, J. L., Qiu, G., Shaw, J. G., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J. M., Sánchez-Pina, M. A., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J. J., Barón, M., Owens, R. A., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R. W., Riesner, D., Schröder, A. R. W., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H. L., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H. J., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J. M., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R. G., Webb, D. R., Symons, R. H., El-Dougdoug, K. A., Abo-Zeid, A. A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J. C. C., Flores, R., d’Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J. A., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., Dale, J., d’Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Bateson, M. F., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A. J., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H. G., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M. T., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G. G. F., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn S., Gambley, Cherie F., Smith, Grant R., Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N. A., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M. J., Blaine, L. D., Naik, P. S., Sonone, A. B., Kolaskar, A. S., Sgro, J. Y., Palmenberg, A. C., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J. J., Alonso, J. L., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T. T., Gachechiladze, K. K., Adamia, R. S., Balardshishvili, N. S., Chanishvili, T. G., Krüger, D. H., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos A., RodrCarlos, C. M., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin W., Scott, S. W., Shiel, P. J., Berger, P. H., Aleman, M. E., Beachy, R. N., Fauquet, C. M., Salm, S. N., Rybicki, E. P., Rey, M. E. C., Briddon, R. W., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A. A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian M., Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G. P., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M. R., Johnson, A. J., Takida, S., Thompson, M. C., Omer, H. M. K., Omer, O. L. M., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R. H., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K. L., Abou Haidar, M. G., and Meng, A. X. X.

Published
1997
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37. Gele koorts uit Brazilië: Het belang van vaccinatie

Author

Vermeij, Anika, Slobbe, Lennert, GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H, van Nood, Els, Reusken, Chantal B E M, van Genderen, Perry J J, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, and Virology

Subjects
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Since 2016 outbreaks of yellow fever are reported in Brazil. This is a risk to unvaccinated travellers in that area. CASE DESCRIPTION: In early January, an unvaccinated traveller returning from São Paulo attended our outpatient clinic complaining of symptoms later diagnosed as yellow fever. The disease manifested itself as fever, lower back pain, nausea and highly elevated liver enzymes. A yellow fever infection has multiple stages. The first stage is acute infection which merges into the second stage which is when improvement occurs. Either improvement continues or transfers into a third stage which is characterized by multi-organ failure. In this particular patient, stage three did not occur. CONCLUSION: The goal of this case report is to show that vaccination against yellow fever is the most important preventive measure when travelling to an area where the yellow fever virus is in circulation. Yellow fever should not be forgotten in the differential diagnosis of a traveller with fever.

Published
2018

40. Occupational Exposure to Dromedaries and Risk for MERS-CoV Infection, Qatar, 2013–2014

Author

Reusken, Chantal B E M, Farag, Elmoubasher A B A, Haagmans, Bart L, Mohran, Khaled A, Godeke, Gert-Jan, Raj, Stalin, Alhajri, Farhoud, Al-Marri, Salih A, Al-Romaihi, Hamad E, Al-Thani, Mohamed, Bosch, Berend-Jan, van der Eijk, Annemiek A, El-Sayed, Ahmed M, Ibrahim, Adel K, Al-Molawi, N, Müller, Marcel A, Pasha, Syed K, Drosten, Christian, AlHajri, Mohd M, Koopmans, Marion P G, LS Virologie, dI&I I&I-1, Virology, LS Virologie, and dI&I I&I-1

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Camelus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, coronavirus, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, MERS-CoV, MERS, Occupational Exposure, Epidemiology, medicine, camels, Animals, Humans, viruses, lcsh:RC109-216, Risk factor, Qatar, Coronavirus, dromedaries, biology, Transmission (medicine), business.industry, lcsh:R, Dispatch, transmission, Virology, zoonoses, infectious, Infectious Diseases, exposure, Immunology, biology.protein, Occupational Exposure to Dromedaries and Risk for MERS-CoV Infection, Qatar, 2013–2014, epidemiology, Occupational exposure, Antibody, business, Coronavirus Infections, contact
Abstract

We determined the presence of neutralizing antibodies to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in persons in Qatar with and without dromedary contact. Antibodies were only detected in those with contact, suggesting dromedary exposure as a risk factor for infection. Findings also showed evidence for substantial underestimation of the infection in populations at risk in Qatar.

Published
2015

43. Tissue Distribution of the MERS-Coronavirus Receptor in Bats

Author

Widagdo, W, Begeman, Lineke, Schipper, Debby, van Run, Peter R, Cunningham, Andrew A, Kley, Nils, Reusken, Chantal B E M, Haagmans, Bart L, van den Brand, Judith M A, dPB CR, dPB I&I, Virology, dPB CR, and dPB I&I

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Science, viruses, Zoology, Respiratory Mucosa, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Chiroptera, medicine, Animals, Natural reservoir, Eptesicus serotinus, Tissue distribution, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Intestinal Mucosa, Receptor, Tropism, Multidisciplinary, General Veterinary, virus diseases, Epomophorus gambianus, Epithelial Cells, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Viral Tropism, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Medicine, Receptors, Virus, Rousettus, Respiratory tract, Receptors, Coronavirus
Abstract

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has been shown to infect both humans and dromedary camels using dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) as its receptor. The distribution of DPP4 in the respiratory tract tissues of humans and camels reflects MERS-CoV tropism. Apart from dromedary camels, insectivorous bats are suggested as another natural reservoir for MERS-like-CoVs. In order to gain insight on the tropism of these viruses in bats, we studied the DPP4 distribution in the respiratory and extra-respiratory tissues of two frugivorous bat species (Epomophorus gambianus and Rousettus aegyptiacus) and two insectivorous bat species (Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Eptesicus serotinus). In the frugivorous bats, DPP4 was present in epithelial cells of both the respiratory and the intestinal tract, similar to what has been reported for camels and humans. In the insectivorous bats, however, DPP4 expression in epithelial cells of the respiratory tract was almost absent. The preferential expression of DPP4 in the intestinal tract of insectivorous bats, suggests that transmission of MERS-like-CoVs mainly occurs via the fecal-oral route. Our results highlight differences in the distribution of DPP4 expression among MERS-CoV susceptible species, which might influence variability in virus tropism, pathogenesis and transmission route.

Published
2017

44. Antibodies against MERS Coronavirus in Dromedary Camels, United Arab Emirates, 2003 and 2013

Author

Meyer, Benjamin, Müller, Marcel A., Corman, Victor M., Reusken, Chantal B E M, Ritz, Daniel, Godeke, Gert Jan, Lattwein, Erik, Kallies, Stephan, Siemens, Artem, van Beek, Janko, Drexler, Jan F., Muth, Doreen, Bosch, Berend Jan, Wernery, Ulrich, Koopmans, Marion P G, Wernery, Renate, Drosten, Christian, LS Virologie, I&I SIB1, Strategic Infection Biology, LS Virologie, I&I SIB1, Strategic Infection Biology, and Virology

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), endocrine system, Camelus, Epidemiology, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, viruses, Expedited, coronavirus, lcsh:Medicine, United Arab Emirates, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, Virus, Serology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Antibodies against MERS Coronavirus in Dromedary Camels, United Arab Emirates, 2003 and 2013, MERS-CoV, MERS, Neutralization Tests, medicine, camels, antibodies, Animals, lcsh:RC109-216, serologic analysis, Respiratory Tract Infections, Coronavirus, Respiratory tract infections, business.industry, Research, Middle East respiratory syndrome, lcsh:R, Antibody titer, Outbreak, dromedary camels, Syndrome, medicine.disease, Virology, Antibodies, Neutralizing, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, business, Coronavirus Infections
Abstract

Camels were infected with this virus >10 years before the first human cases., Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has caused an ongoing outbreak of severe acute respiratory tract infection in humans in the Arabian Peninsula since 2012. Dromedary camels have been implicated as possible viral reservoirs. We used serologic assays to analyze 651 dromedary camel serum samples from the United Arab Emirates; 151 of 651 samples were obtained in 2003, well before onset of the current epidemic, and 500 serum samples were obtained in 2013. Recombinant spike protein–specific immunofluorescence and virus neutralization tests enabled clear discrimination between MERS-CoV and bovine CoV infections. Most (632/651, 97.1%) camels had antibodies against MERS-CoV. This result included all 151 serum samples obtained in 2003. Most (389/651, 59.8%) serum samples had MERS-CoV–neutralizing antibody titers >1,280. Dromedary camels from the United Arab Emirates were infected at high rates with MERS-CoV or a closely related, probably conspecific, virus long before the first human MERS cases.

Published
2014

45. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease Patients.

Author

Okba, Nisreen M. A., Müller, Marcel A., Wentao Li, Chunyan Wang, GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H., Corman, Victor M., Lamers, Mart M., Sikkema, Reina S., de Bruin, Erwin, Chandler, Felicity D., Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Le Hingrat, Quentin, Descamps, Diane, Houhou-Fidouh, Nadhira, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Bosch, Berend-Jan, Drosten, Christian, Koopmans, Marion P. G., Haagmans, Bart L., and Li, Wentao

Subjects
VIRAL pneumonia, CLINICAL pathology, SERODIAGNOSIS, COVID-19, EPIDEMICS, NEUTRALIZATION tests, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, VIRAL antibodies
Abstract

A new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has recently emerged to cause a human pandemic. Although molecular diagnostic tests were rapidly developed, serologic assays are still lacking, yet urgently needed. Validated serologic assays are needed for contact tracing, identifying the viral reservoir, and epidemiologic studies. We developed serologic assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing, spike protein-specific, and nucleocapsid-specific antibodies. Using serum samples from patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, other coronaviruses, or other respiratory pathogenic infections, we validated and tested various antigens in different in-house and commercial ELISAs. We demonstrated that most PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected persons seroconverted by 2 weeks after disease onset. We found that commercial S1 IgG or IgA ELISAs were of lower specificity, and sensitivity varied between the 2 assays; the IgA ELISA showed higher sensitivity. Overall, the validated assays described can be instrumental for detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies for diagnostic, seroepidemiologic, and vaccine evaluation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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46. Serologic Detection of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Functional Antibodies.

Author

Okba, Nisreen M. A., Widjaja, Ivy, Wentao Li, GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H., Farag, Elmoubasher A. B. A., Al-Hajri, Mohammed, Wan Beom Park, Myoung-don Oh, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Koopmans, Marion P. G., Bosch, Berend-Jan, Haagmans, Bart L., Li, Wentao, Park, Wan Beom, and Oh, Myoung-Don

Abstract

We developed and validated 2 species-independent protein-based assays to detect Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus functional antibodies that can block virus receptor-binding or sialic acid-attachment. Antibody levels measured in both assays correlated strongly with virus-neutralizing antibody titers, proving their use for serologic confirmatory diagnosis of Middle East respiratory syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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47. Faeces as a novel material to estimate lyssavirus prevalence in bat populations.

Author

Begeman, Lineke, Kooi, Engbert A., Weezep, Erik, Bildt, Marco W. G., Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Lina, Peter H. C., Koopmans, Marion P. G., Brand, Judith M. A., and Kuiken, Thijs

Subjects
SALIVARY glands, FECES, BAT conservation, BATS, SALIVA, ALIMENTARY canal, RABIES
Abstract

Rabies is caused by infection with a lyssavirus. Bat rabies is of concern for both public health and bat conservation. The current method for lyssavirus prevalence studies in bat populations is by oral swabbing, which is invasive for the bats, dangerous for handlers, time‐consuming and expensive. In many situations, such sampling is not feasible, and hence, our understanding of epidemiology of bat rabies is limited. Faeces are usually easy to collect from bat colonies without disturbing the bats and thus could be a practical and feasible material for lyssavirus prevalence studies. To further explore this idea, we performed virological analysis on faecal pellets and oral swabs of seven serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) that were positive for European bat 1 lyssavirus in the brain. We also performed immunohistochemical and virological analyses on digestive tract samples of these bats to determine potential sources of lyssavirus in the faeces. We found that lyssavirus detection by RT‐qPCR was nearly as sensitive in faecal pellets (6/7 bats positive, 86%) as in oral swabs (7/7 bats positive, 100%). The likely source of lyssavirus in the faeces was virus excreted into the oral cavity from the salivary glands (5/6 bats positive by immunohistochemistry and RT‐qPCR) or tongue (3/4 bats positive by immunohistochemistry) and swallowed with saliva. Virus could not be isolated from any of the seven faecal pellets, suggesting the lyssavirus detected in faeces is not infectious. Lyssavirus detection in the majority of faecal pellets of infected bats shows that this novel material should be further explored for lyssavirus prevalence studies in bats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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49. Sensitive and Specific Detection of Low-Level Antibody Responses in Mild Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections.

Author

Okba, Nisreen M. A., Raj, V. Stalin, Widjaja, Ivy, GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H., de Bruin, Erwin, Chandler, Felicity D., Wan Beom Park, Nam-Joong Kim, Farag, Elmoubasher A. B. A., Al-Hajri, Mohammed, Bosch, Berend-Jan, Myoung-don Oh, Koopmans, Marion P. G., Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Haagmans, Bart L., Park, Wan Beom, Kim, Nam-Joong, and Oh, Myoung-Don

Subjects
COMPARATIVE studies, CORONAVIRUS diseases, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, POLYMERASE chain reaction, RESEARCH, TIME, VIRAL antibodies, EVALUATION research, SEVERITY of illness index, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, ANTIBODY formation, MERS coronavirus
Abstract

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections in humans can cause asymptomatic to fatal lower respiratory lung disease. Despite posing a probable risk for virus transmission, asymptomatic to mild infections can go unnoticed; a lack of seroconversion among some PCR-confirmed cases has been reported. We found that a MERS-CoV spike S1 protein-based ELISA, routinely used in surveillance studies, showed low sensitivity in detecting infections among PCR-confirmed patients with mild clinical symptoms and cross-reactivity of human coronavirus OC43-positive serum samples. Using in-house S1 ELISA and protein microarray, we demonstrate that most PCR-confirmed MERS-CoV case-patients with mild infections seroconverted; nonetheless, some of these samples did not have detectable levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies. The use of a sensitive and specific serologic S1-based assay can be instrumental in the accurate estimation of MERS-CoV prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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50. Diagnosis of Zika Virus Infection by Peptide Array and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Author

Mishra, Nischay, primary, Caciula, Adrian, additional, Price, Adam, additional, Thakkar, Riddhi, additional, Ng, James, additional, Chauhan, Lokendra V., additional, Jain, Komal, additional, Che, Xiaoyu, additional, Espinosa, Diego A., additional, Montoya Cruz, Magelda, additional, Balmaseda, Angel, additional, Sullivan, Eric H., additional, Patel, Jigar J., additional, Jarman, Richard G., additional, Rakeman, Jennifer L., additional, Egan, Christina T., additional, Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., additional, Koopmans, Marion P. G., additional, Harris, Eva, additional, Tokarz, Rafal, additional, Briese, Thomas, additional, and Lipkin, W. Ian, additional

Published
2018
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