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Propionibacterium acnes adalah salah satu bakteri penyebab jerawat yang termasuk golongan bakteri gram positif anaerob. Daun kelor dilaporkan mengandung glikosida, flavonoid, dan tanin yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol daun kelor dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan krim dan berapa konsentrasi yang efektif untuk menghambat pertumbuhan P.acnes. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan cara sumuran. Uji aktivitas krim antibakteri dianalisis dengan metode One Way Anova dilanjutkan uji Tukey HSD dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Uji aktivitas antibakteri hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada setiap perlakuan yang diberi ekstrak etanol daun kelor F2 (2,5% =3,06), F3 (5%= 4,76), F4 (7,5%= 6,93). Pada perlakuan kontrol negatif sebesar 0 mm dan kontrol positif 17,31 mm (p= 0,000). Konsentrasi ekstrak yang paling efektif pada F4 (7,5%) dengan zona hambat sebesar 6,93 mm dan termasuk kedalam kategori sedang. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kelor dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediian krim dan efektif sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan bakteri P. acnes.

Postpartum blues merupakan periode depresi sementara yang terjadi selama beberapa hari pertama masa nifas. Kondisi ini jika tidak teratasi dapat menyebabkan depresi pada ibu dan mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi yang telah dilahirkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor dominan kejadian postpartum blues pada ibu nifas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 68 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) digunakan untuk menentukan kejadian post partum, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) untuk mengukur dukungan sosial, dan Breaf COPE scale untuk mengukur koping. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan multiple Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata skor pospartum blues adalah 8,09 (SD=4,78). Faktor yang berhubungan adalah usia, pendapatan, jenis persalinan, kesiapan persalinan, dan dukungan sosial. Usia memiliki kekuatan hubungan yang paling kuat dan signifikan berkontribusi terhadap kejadian postpartum blues (Beta=0,347, p

Air lindi sisa pakan maggot merupakan salah satu pupuk organik cair yang berasal dari larutan hasil pembusukan bahan organik oleh lalat tentara hitam, penggunaan air lindi sisa pakan maggot yang dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan serta ketergantungan dari pemakaian pupuk anorganik pada sistem hidroponik. Air lindi sisa pakan maggot mengandung unsur hara alami yang telah terurai sehingga lebih mudah diserap oleh tanaman serta dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian air lindi sisa pakan maggot sebagai pengganti AB mix pada pertumbuhan tanaman sawi pagoda dengan sistem hidroponik, mendapatkan konsentrasi air lindi sisa pakan maggot terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi pagoda, dan mengetahui efektivitas pemberian air lindi sisa pakan maggot dalam mengurangi pemakaian pupuk anorganik. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari AB mix (Kontrol), kombinasi AB mix dan air lindi sisa pakan maggot dengan perbandingan (3:1), (1:1), (1:3), dan air lindi sisa pakan maggot tanpa AB mix. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pemberian kombinasi AB mix dan air lindi sisa pakan maggot memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata secara statistik dan memberikan pengaruh yang sama dengan kontrol pada parameter berat segar tanaman dan berat kering tanaman. Pemberian hanya air lindi sisa pakan maggot tidak dapat menggantikan pemakaian AB mix. Perlakuan (1:1) merupakan konsentrasi paling efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi pagoda dan dapat meminimalkan pemakaian pupuk anorganik sebesar 50%.

Ultisol soils i s a kind that experiences problems due to high acidity and Al saturation, low nutrient, and organic matter content, and are sensitive to erosion. Therefore, alternative efforts need to be made to overcome this, one of which is using Frass fertilizer from Black Soldier Fly fly larvae. Frass is the result of bioconversion as a by-product of rearing BSF larvae which contains a large number of nutrients that are useful for plants and also to overcome the problem of Ultisol soil. The purpose of this research knowing the effect of giving BSF Frass and the extent to which Frass fertilizer can replace the need for NPK fertilizer for upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Ultisol soil. The experiment was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications Factor A as the total dose; control, 10% Frass, 20%, and 30% Frass, and Factor B as the dose of NPK fertilizer: 100% positive control (according to recommendations), 75%, 50%, and 25%. The results showed that the application of Frass can improve the physical and chemical properties of Ultisol soil, and increase the grain weight of 100 seeds. The combination of giving Frass 30% with 25% NPK had a significant effect on increasing the total chlorophyll content of upland rice leaves when compared to giving Frass with doses of 20% and 10% with all combinations of NPK. However, it was not significantly different when compared to the control combination which received treatment with NPK as much as 100% and 75%.It was concluded that the application of 30% Frass combined with 25% NPK fertilizer had a significant effect on the chlorophyll content of upland rice and had the potential to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers by 25%.

The maggot of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) is an alternative protein substitute in poultry feed. Growing maggot is an easy activity and valuable in the bioconversion of household organic waste. Maggot farming cages can be integrated with poultry cages. The integrated cages between maggots and poultry will save space and operational costs. Therefore, the workshop about integrated cage between maggot and poultry was urgently needed for poultry farmers in Padang, West Sumatra. The workshop delivered theory and direct practice of making integrated cages with community partners. The activity was held from October to November 2021 for poultry farmers in Koto Panjang Limau Manis village, Pauh District, Padang. Integrated cages are a solution for poultry farmers interested in maggot cultivation as an alternative feed for their poultry. Partners need support from universities in transferring science and technology because the integration cage is the first time implemented in Kota Padang. In addition, government support is also needed in regulating waste sorting and processing so that the community's organic waste can be converted to valuable products using maggot.

lt;bgt;Background and Objective:lt;/bgt; Dengue cases have increased while the spread is getting broader worldwide. Temephos has been frequently used to control the larvae of thelt;igt;Aedes aegyptilt;/igt; L., the primary vector of dengue. The intensive use of this larvicide has given rise to resistance. This study aims to determine the susceptibility status oflt;igt;Ae. aegyptilt;/igt; to temephos and examine the two mutations (F290V and F455W) that possibly occur in thelt;igt;Ace-1lt;/igt; gene oflt;igt;Ae. aegyptilt;/igt; from Salido Sub-District, IV Jurai District, Pesisir Selatan Regency.lt;bgt;Materials and Methods:lt;/bgt; The susceptibility test was performed referring to a standard method of the World Health Organization, followed by a molecular test (polymerase chain reaction) and sequencing.lt;bgt;Results:lt;/bgt; The results showed that the larvae oflt;igt;Ae. aegyptilt;/igt; have been tolerant to temephos (0.012 mg Llt;supgt;lt;/supgt;lt;supgt;1lt;/supgt;) with a percentage of larval mortality of 91.67%. The sequencing analysis in thelt;igt;Ace-1lt;/igt; gene revealed the absence of F290V and F455W mutation in temephos-resistantlt;igt;Ae. aegyptilt;/igt;, but a point mutation was detected at codon 506. This mutation shifts the ACA codon to ACT, but still codes for the same amino acid, threonine.lt;bgt;Conclusion:lt;/bgt; Our study indicates the presence of other resistance mechanisms in the major dengue vector of the Salido District. Implementation of the alternative population control strategy is required to prevent the temephos resistance further.

Gel baits product sold commercially to the public has long been used to control German cockroach populations in urban areas. The effectiveness and resistance level of gel bait products need to be known for the successful control of German cockroaches in the field. However, there have been no reports of resistance in Indonesia. This study used toxicity tests of six gel bait products (MF, CBG, SPB, OTG, BTX, and UBA) against two populations of adult male German cockroaches (VCRU-WHO and RKMN-BKT). Fipronil, boric acid and emamectin benzoate containing gel baits were effective to knock down and kill the German cockroaches. In contrast, gel bait with imidacloprid as an active ingredient was only useful to knock down the German cockroaches. Commercial gel bait product in Indonesia are still useful in controlling German cockroaches’ populations with a time of effectiveness to cause mortality between three to four weeks after being exposed in the field and the level of cockroach resistance to gel bait are susceptible until low resistance.

The city of Padang produces approximately 600 tons of waste daily, which includes the categories of recyclable and non-recyclable waste. However, the percentage of waste that can be recycled is only about 17% and the rest must be heaped into end landfill every day. The category of recycled waste is counted as much as 65% is organic waste that is made into compost and 35% is both plastic and paper waste that is processed into other products. Maggot, which is the larva of the Black Soldier Fly, is an organic matter-decomposing agent that has better decomposition capabilities than other organisms. Maggot has biomass with high protein and fat content. Maggot farming is the most appropriate effort needed by the community today, because in addition to processing daily organic waste, it will also produce feed for livestock such as chicken, duck, fish, and bird. The farming process only requires simple technology and low cost, but is able to reduce the earth's waste load. The Andalas University community service team provided training on maggot farming to process organic waste from community households. The training was carried out using the Hybrid method, which is a combination of offline and online techniques with the same goal. The activity began with counseling on theoretical explanations, followed by both the farming practices and further program assisting. It hopes that the activity will be improved by other trainings such as Maggot’s processing into more valuable products, so that it can be packaged in such a way as to be marketed to the target purchasers.

Background and Objective: The ethanol extract of noni leaves (Morinda citrifolia L.) can be used as insecticides to control populations of German cockroaches that have been resistant to synthetic insecticides. This study aimed to determine the potency of the ethanol extract of noni leaves to kill and repel German cockroaches and affect the amount of food consumed. Materials and Methods: The methods used in this study were the contact toxicity test, the repellency test and the food consumption test. The noni leaves extract and German cockroach populations were provided in the laboratory. Results: The noni leaves extract concentration of 20% (residue of 3.14 mg cm2 1) was very effective in killing the standard population and effective in killing the field population of German cockroaches. The sub-lethal concentration noni leaves extract of 0.36% (residue 0.056 mg cm2 1) and 1.08% (residue 0.169 mg cm2 1) was very high grade as repellent of German cockroaches. The sub-lethal concentration of noni leaves extract did not inhibit the amount of food consumption in German cockroach populations. Conclusion: Leaves of noni plants can be used as bioinsecticides to control German cockroach populations that have been resistant to commercial insecticides.

Pengujian sifat fotokatalitik serbuk nano ZnO terdoping Aluminium dalam mendegradasi larutan metil biru (MB) telah berhasil dilakukan. Sifat fotokatalitik serbuk ZnO terdoping Al dikaitkan dengan karakteristik fotoluminesensi, morfologi serbuk dan struktur kristal. Serbuk ZnO tanpa doping turut diuji struktur-morfologinya beserta sifat fotokatalitik sebagai pembanding. Senyawa dopan yang digunakan adalah Al(NO 3 ) 3 dengan konsentrasi 0,5% massa terhadap senyawa prekursor Zn(CH 3 COOH) 2 .2H 2 O. Diketahui bahwa penambahan dopan Al dapat mereduksi ukuran partikel dan ukuran kristal yang memiliki orientasi bidang (002). Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil pencitraan SEM ( scanning electron microscope ), terdapat perbedaan morfologi serbuk akibat penambahan aluminium. Pada serbuk ZnO terdoping Al, terbentuk morfologi berupa kepingan yang kemungkinan merupakan penumpukan serbuk berukuran nano. Berdasarkan pengujian karakteristik fotoluminesensi diketahui bahwa terjadi penurunan intensitas emisi (fotoluminesensi) pada sampel ZnO terdoping Al. Penurunan intensitas fotoluminesensi tersebut dapat dikaitkan dengan berkurangnya peristiwa rekombinasi pasangan elekton dan hole . Pasangan elektron dan hole yang akhirnya menjadi pembawa muatan bebas kemudian akan bereaksi dengan OH dan juga oksigen yang akhirnya membentuk hidroksil radikal. Hidroksil radikal inilah yang selanjutnya akan memutus ikatan metil biru di dalam air. Hal ini turut menjelaskan sifat fotokatalitik pada sampel ZnO terdoping Al 0,5 %massa yang ternyata memiliki laju kinetik degradasi yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ZnO.

Background and objective Papaya leaves have the potency to be developed as alternative insecticide to control the German cockroaches that have been resistant to synthetic insecticides. This study aimed to determine the potency of ethanolic extract of papaya leaf as toxicant and repellent against 2 populations of German cockroaches which are known resistant to synthetic insecticide. Materials and methods The methods that used was contact toxicity test and repellency test. The ethanolic extract of papaya leaf residues were used in contact toxicity test of 4 residues and a sub-lethal residue in repellency test. Three populations of German cockroach were collected in field and kept in laboratory. Results Lethal residue 50% (LR50) of ethanolic extract of papaya leaf between 2.97-4.72 mg cm-2 while lethal residue 90% (LR90) between 6.05-8.92 mg cm-2 and very effective killed all population of German cockroach. Repellency value of ethanolic extract of papaya leaf with a sub-lethal residue of 0.39 mg cm-2 between 88.89 -94.74% and level of repellency was very repellent. Conclusion Ethanolic extract of papaya leaf could be formulated as a potent natural insecticide to control populations of German cockroach that have been resistant to synthetic insecticides.

Yam bean (Adult male mice were assigned to four groups (8 each), namely a normal diet-fed group (ND), HFD-fed group, and HFD supplemented with YBF groups (HFD + YBF) at a dose of 2.5% and 10%, respectively. Treatments were implemented for ten weeks. Thereafter, indicators of metabolic diseases, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota composition were determined.A dosage of 10% YBF significantly inhibited excessive body weight gain (2.3 times lower than HFD group) and white adipose tissue (WAT) mass (2.2 times lower than HFD group) while sustaining brown adipose tissue mass. YBF prevented malondialdehyde elevation, catalase activity reduction, and expression of the interleukin-6 increment (2.7 times lower than the HFD group) within the WAT. Furthermore, YBF sustained normoglycaemia, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity while precluding hyperinsulinemia. YBF modulated the gut microbiota community by increasing health-promoting microbiota includingYBF at the dose of 10% is proved to be useful in the prevention of diet-induced metabolic diseases, microbiota dysbiosis, and inflammation. Hence, YBF is recommended as a potential natural-based remedy to diminish the detrimental effects of high-fat foods.

Neurodegenerasi adalah penyakit yang mengakibatkan degenerasi progresif dan kematian sel saraf di otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap khasiat neuroprotektif ekstrak biji teratai (Nymphaea pubescens Willd) melalui analisis perilaku neurokognitif. Sebanyak 25 ekor mencit jantan dibagi secara acak menjadi 5 perlakuan: kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%), kontrol positif diinduksi trimetiltin (TMT) 0,6mg/kgBB, dan pemberian ekstrak biji teratai (100, 200, dan 400 mg/kgBB). Induksi degenerasi otak dengan TMT menggunakan dosis tunggal secara intraperitoneal. Ekstrak diberikan tiga hari pasca injeksi TMT secara oral setiap hari selama 28 hari. Pada akhir perlakuan, tes neurobehavioral dilakukan meliputi uji kecerdasan memori dengan Hebb-Williams Maze, uji keingintahuan dengan Hole-Board dan uji interaksi sosial. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran indeks organ otak. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan One-Way Anova dilanjutkan dengan uji DNMRT (P

lt;bgt;Background and Objective:lt;/bgt; The ethanol extract of noni leaves (lt;igt;Morinda citrifolialt;/igt; L.) can be used as insecticides to control populations of German cockroaches that have been resistant to synthetic insecticides. This study aimed to determine the potency of the ethanol extract of noni leaves to kill and repel German cockroaches and affect the amount of food consumed.lt;bgt;Materials and Methods:lt;/bgt; The methods used in this study were the contact toxicity test, the repellency test and the food consumption test. The noni leaves extract and German cockroach populations were provided in the laboratory.lt;bgt;Results:lt;/bgt; The noni leaves extract concentration of 20% (residue of 3.14 mg cmlt;supgt;2lt;/supgt;lt;supgt;1lt;/supgt;) was very effective in killing the standard population and effective in killing the field population of German cockroaches. The sub-lethal concentration noni leaves extract of 0.36% (residue 0.056 mg cmlt;supgt;2lt;/supgt;lt;supgt;1lt;/supgt;) and 1.08% (residue 0.169 mg cmlt;supgt;2lt;/supgt;lt;supgt;1lt;/supgt;) was very high grade as repellent of German cockroaches. The sub-lethal concentration of noni leaves extract did not inhibit the amount of food consumption in German cockroach populations.lt;bgt;Conclusion:lt;/bgt; Leaves of noni plants can be used as bioinsecticides to control German cockroach populations that have been resistant to commercial insecticides.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hormon tiroksin dan analog hormon juvenil (metopren) terhadap pola titer hormon ekdisteroid hemolimf selama instar lima Bombyx mori. Instar dua B. mori diberi pakan daun murbei yang telah diberi tiroksin dengan konsentrasi 1500 ppm. Larva kemudian dibiarkan ganti kulit sampai instar tiga dan empat tanpa perlakuan. Tujuh puluh dua jam setelah ganti kulit pada instar lima, larva disuntik sebanyak 10 μl metopren dengan konsentrasi 15 atau 25 ppm. Titer ekdisteroid hemolimf dideteksi dengan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan tiroksin ataupun kombinasi tiroksin-metopren menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan pola titer ekdisteroid dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Ekdisteroid terdeteksi dua hari lebih awal pada perlakuan tiroksin dan titer ekdisteroid pada puncak tertinggi lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Kombinasi tiroksin-metopren tampaknya menyebabkan penekanan terhadap titer ekdisteroid. Hal ini terlihat dengan terjadinya penurunan titer ekdisteroid segera setelah penyuntikan dengan metopren sebelum mencapai titer puncak tertinggi.

The toxic effect of essential oil from waste cinnamon leaf (Cinnamomum burmanii) against pests of cocoa fruit Helopeltis antonii (Hemiptera; Miridae), has been done in Green House, Research Station Spice and Medicinal Plants, Laing Solok, West Sumatra in April to May 2016. The experiment aimed to determine repellant and lethal concentrations of essential oil from waste s cinnamon leaf (C. burmanii) for H. antonii. There were 5 treatments arranged in Complately Randomized Design with 4 replications. The treatments tested were essentialoil concentration f (0.05 ml/tube, 0.1 ml/tube, 0.2 ml/tube and 0.5 ml/tube) and control. The results showed that the effective repellent concentration were 0,05 ml/tube and 0,1 ml/tube which repelled H. antonii 0,03 % . The effecive lethal concentration was 0,05 ml/tube which killed H. antonii 57,50 %. Concentration used was highly toxic which killed l H. Antonii within six hours so of the repellent nature was notobserved.

Research on utilization the combination of taro leaves flour (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) and soybean flour in artificial feed on the growth weight of carp fish (Osphronemus gourami L.) was conducted from February to April 2016. The aim of this research was to determine the percentage of utilization the combination of taro leaves four and soybean flour in artificial feed on the growth weight of carp fish. This research uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment in this research was a combination of taro leaves flour in artificial feed about 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. The results showed that the combination of taro leaves flour (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) about (0, 5, 10 and 15%) with soybean flour in artificial feed formulation having the same effect (P>0,05) on the growth weight of carp fish.

Objective: Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) fiber has been documented to exert an immunomodu¬latory effect both in vitro and in vivo. However, its beneficial effect against metabolic syndrome remains unknown. This study aimed to reveal whether the jicama fiber (JF) could prevent the development of diabetes and obesity caused by a high-sugar diet (HSD). Materials and Methods: The JF was isolated from its tuberous part and subsequently used as a supplemental diet for adult male Bagg and Albino (BALB)/c mice fed with a HSD. Four different diet paradigms including normal diet, HSD (30% sucrose), and HSD in combination with 10% and 25% of JF, respectively, were deployed continuously for 8 weeks. Furthermore, the blood glucose level, glucose tolerance, body weight, food and water consumption as well as epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass were determined. Results: Our results revealed that supplementation of 25% JF could significantly prevent the blood glucose increase, excessive body weight gain, and glucose intolerance in mice fed with HSD. Moreover, 10% and 25% JF blunted the HSD-induced WAT mass gain but failed to counteract the depletion of BAT mass. Furthermore, the fiber supplementation elicited a minimum effect on rhythm and total food and water intake. Conclusion: The JF could effectively sustain blood glucose homeostasis as well as improve body weight and WAT mass profile against the development of diabetes and obesity caused by HSD. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6(2.000): 222-230]

AIM: Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus, Fabaceae) has been promoted as a potent tuberous plant exerting both preventive and therapeutic effects against many diseases. In this present study, we aimed to investigate the pancreoprotective effect of isolated jicama fiber (JF) against glucotoxicity caused by high-sugar diet (HSD). METHODS: We performed an animal experimental research using adult male BALB/c mice with a completely randomized design consisted of four treatments and six replications. The treatments were diet types such as normal diet and HSD, supplemented with 10% and 25% of JF, respectively. The treatments were deployed for 8 weeks. Furthermore, random and fasting blood glucose levels were measured; histopathological alterations of pancreas including pancreatic adiposity, size of islet area, total cell number per islet, and necrosis level of pancreatic acinar cells were examined. Quantitative data were analyzed using an ANOVA followed by Duncan’s new multiple range test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Our results demonstrate that supplementation of JF 10% and 25% improved blood glucose profile and significantly reduced inter pancreatic adiposity caused by HSD. Moreover, JF at the dose of 25% effectively sustained normal size of the islet of Langerhans and total cell number of the islet in pancreas of HSD-fed mice. JF 25% was also effective to counteract necrosis of pancreatic acinar cells. CONCLUSION: Our findings clarify a protective effect of JF, particularly at a dose of 25%, on pancreatic tissues against degeneration caused by HSD. Hence, JF is reliable to be a supplement counteracting the development of diabetes mellitus and associated diseases.

Penggunaan insektisida sintetik memiliki keuntungan, namun juga mempunyai efek yang merugikan/berbahaya terhadap kesehatan manusia maupun lingkungan. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat ditawarkan adalah penggunaan biopestisida. Biopestisida lebih aman terhadap manusia dan lingkungan karena mudah terurai. Potensi biopestisida sangat besar di Indonesia yang kaya akan beraneka ragam tanaman yang tersedia sepanjang tahun. Tujuan kegiatan ini mensosialisasikan biopestisida kepada masyarakat cara membuat dan mengenal tanaman yang dapat digunakan, untuk mengurangi bahaya insektisida sintetik. Sosialisasi dan kunjungan ke Kebun Percobaan Balittro, Laing Solok, penyuluhan dan praktek langsung pembuatan biopestisida sederhana dari tanaman lokal. Beberapa tanaman lokal berpotensi sebagai biopestisida. Biopestisida sederhana dapat diekstrak dengan air dan penambahan sabun/deterjen. Contoh tanaman yang dapatkan digunakan sebagai biopestisida Toona sureni, Evodiaa suaveolens, Lantana camara, Geranium spp., Tagetes patula, Andropogon nardus dan lain-lain.

The purposes of this study are to find out the toxicity and repellency of lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon flexuosus) to the German cockroach (Blatella germanica). Study was conducted from August to October 2016 in Research Laboratories of Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Andalas University Padang. This study used the glass jar method (contact) with three strains of German cockroaches (VCRU-WHO, KRS-BDG and HHB-JKT) and lemongrass oil. The average of lethal time after 6 hour exposure ware counted with a probit analysis until found value LC90. The results showed that based on value LC90 strain VCRU-WHO 15,20%, strain KRS-BDG 22,42% and strain HHB-JKT 19,28% after 6 hour exposure.

This research aimed to investigate the food preference of the Papilio memnon L. larvae on two host plants. This study was conducted by two choice food preference test combination of leaves Citrus aurantifolia Chrism. and Citrus hystrix DC. The result of this study showed that the third instar of P. memnon L. larva significant preferential feeding (P

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak kelenjar hipofisa ayam broiler dan dosis yang terbaik dalam mempercepatrespon ovulasi yang dilihat dariwaktu laten, kematangan telur tahap akhir, dan diameter telur ikan koi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metodeeksperimen yang disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yaitu penyuntikan tanpa ekstrak hipofisa ayam broiler (kontrol) dan penyuntikan ekstrak hipofisa ayam broiler dengan 500 mg/kg berat badan, 600 mg/kg berat badan, 700 mg/kg berat badan. Ikan yang digunakan adalah induk ikan koi dengan berat 600-800 gram sebanyak 12 ekor. Hasil penelitian waktu laten ikan koi setelah penyuntikan berkisar antara 6-10 jam, kontrol 31 jam. Kematangan telur meningkat sebesar 30-43,83%, kontrol 18,33 jam. Diameter telur meningkat sebesar 0,06-0,10 mm, kontrol 0,02 mm. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini penyuntikan ekstrak kelenjar hipofisa ayam broiler memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata dalam mempercepat respon ovulasi dilihat dari waktu laten, meningkatkan kematangan telur tahap akhir dan diameter telur ikan koi dengan dosis terbaik 500 mg/kg berat badan.

Salah satu cara untuk mempercepat pematangan gonad dan ovulasi yaitu aplikasi nutrisi pada pakan induk. Tauge memilki kandungan nutrisi yang sangat baik untuk reproduksi dan dapat diolah menjadi pakan yang berkualitas dalam meningkatkan reproduksi ikan. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung tauge dalam formulasi pakan buatan terhadap persentase kematangan telur tahap akhir ikan lele sangkuriang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuannya berupa pemberian tepung tauge dengan dalam formulasi pakan buatan (pelet) untuk ikan lele yang terdiri atas 0 %, 5 %, 10 % dan 15 % tepung tauge. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian tepung tauge dalam formulasi pakan buatan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (P

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), Dana Perimbangan (DAU, DAK, DBH) dan Sisa Lebih Pembiayaan Anggaran (SILPA) terhadap pengalokasian Belanja Modal kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat Tahun 2011-2017. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Model analisis yang digunakan untuk menganalisis pengaruh PAD, Dana Perimbangan (DAU, DAK, DBH) dan SILPA terhadap pengalokasian Belanja Modal Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat Tahun 2011-2017 yaitu analisis regresi data panel yakni gabungan antara data antar tempat (cross section) dengan data sebanyak 19 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan data antar waktu (time series) dengan data tahunan yaitu tahun 2011-2017. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa model regresi yang tepat digunakan adalah model fixed effect. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu variabel Pendapatan Asli daerah (PAD) berpengaruh positif terhadap belanja modal kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2011-2017, sedangkan Dana Perimbangan (DAU, DAK, DBH) berpengaruh positif terhadap belanja modal kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2011-2017 dan variabel Sisa Lebih Pembiayaan Anggaran (SILPA) berpengaruh positif terhadap belanja modal kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2011-2017. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai pembanding dalam melakukan penelitian selanjutnya dengan menambah tahun berikutnya atau dengan menambah variabel lain yang dianggap dapat mempengaruhi alokasi belanja modal. Kata kunci: Belanja Modal, Sumatera Barat, PAD, Dana Perimbangan, SILPA.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever cases are high in Kota Pariaman West Sumatra and temephos is being used indiscriminately for its vector control. Present study is aimed to determine the susceptibility status and analyze the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme on Aedes aegypti larvae in Kota Pariaman West Sumatra. The susceptibility test was carried out using the WHO method, and biochemical tests of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity was done using the ELISA method. The mosquito larvae were found resistant to temephos using WHO diagnostic concentration (0.012 mg/L) and high resistant using ELISA method with absorbance values in living mosquitoes of 0.98–1.58 and dead mosquitoes of 0.92–1. The values of AChE enzyme activity in living mosquito larvae after insecticide exposure was 7.894 U/L, which is higher than dead larvae was 4.813 U/L and control larvae (without insecticide exposure) was 7.540 U/L.

Efek toksik minyak limbah daun kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmanii) terhadap hama pengisap buah kakao Helopeltis antonii (Hemiptera; Miridae), telah dilakukan di Green House KP. Laing Solok Sumatera Barat pada April sampai Mei 2016. Percobaan bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minyak limbah daun kayu manis (C. burmanii) yang terbaik dalam menolak, melumpuhkan dan mematikan H. antonii serta mengetahui kemampuan minyak limbah daun kayu manis (C. burmanii) dalam mempercepat kematian H. antonii setelah perlakuan. Percobaan disusun dalam bentuk rancangan acak lengkap 5 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan, perlakuan tersebut adalah minyak limbah daun kayu manis 0,05 ml/tabung 0,10 ml/tabung, 0,20 ml/tabung 0,50 ml/tabung dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi minyak limbah daun kayu manis yang terbaik dalam menolak H. antonii adalah 0,05 ml/tabung dan 0,10 ml/tabung sebesar 0,03 %; melumpuhkan H. antonii adalah 0,50 ml/tabung sebesar 87,50 % dan mematikan H. antonii adalah 0,50 ml/tabung sebesar 57,50 %. Minyak limbah daun kayu manis mampu mempercepat kematian H. antonii dalam waktu 24 jam setelah perlakuan.