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the psychological state of parents, who are considered the primary caregivers of a sick child, can affect the child's behavior and emotions. This study analyzed the effectiveness of self-compassion training on hopelessness and resilience in the parents of children with cancer.this was an experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all parents of children with cancer hospitalized in Amir Kabir Hospital of Arak in 2020. The research sample consisted of 30 parents of children with cancer selected through convenience sampling. The participants were equally divided into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups at random. The research instruments were the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The experimental group underwent eight 90 min sessions of self-compassion training on a weekly basis. Finally, the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was employed for data analysis.the mean (±SD) of the post-test scores of hopelessness and resilience were reported 10.20 (±4.95) and 43.33 (±4.27), respectively, in the experimental group, whereas they were reported 13.78 (±4.94) and 38.73 (±4.07), respectively, in the control group. According to the results, self-compassion training had significant effects on the resilience and hopelessness of the parents of children with cancer (p 0.01). Self-compassion training had a positive, significant effect on their resilience. It was also efficient in decreasing their hopelessness.self-compassion training improved resilience and mitigated hopelessness in the parents of children with cancer.

The purpose of this current study is to find the characteristics and influence mechanism of the perceived social support (PSS) and general well-being (GWB) of adolescents and to explore the mediating role of resilience on the relationship between PSS and GWB in the worst-stricken areas 10 years after the Wenchuan Earthquake. This study was conducted in two secondary schools in Beichuan (N = 1969) using the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the General Well-Being Scale. Results showed that PSS of adolescents in the worst-stricken area significantly decreased compared to 10 years ago and their current PSS was lower than their peers' in developed cities. Significant correlations were observed between PSS, resilience, and GWB. PSS significantly predicted resilience and GWB, and resilience significantly predicted GWB with resilience having a partially mediating effect ratio of 16.39% between PSS and GWB. These results indicated that PSS not only directly affected GWB but also had a mediated effect on GWB through resilience. The present results suggest that interventions to strengthen resilience and social networks could be effective ways to enhance adolescents' general well-being.

Objective: To evaluate academic resilience and investigate its relationship with academic performance among undergraduate pharmacy students. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate pharmacy students in a public university in Malaysia using an adapted and pretested 16-item academic pharmacy resilience scale (APRS-16). Demographic and academic performance data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire from December 2019 and January 2020 and analysed using descriptive and inferential analyses. Results: A total of 247 students completed the survey (response rate was 55.6%). Overall, the students had moderate academic resilience score (median: 59; interquartile range [IQR]: 37 – 80). Female students had significantly higher academic resilience score than males (60 [41 – 80] versus 56 [37 – 69]). Academic resilience score was higher among year one students (62 [42 – 74]) compared to year two (57.5 [37 – 80]), year three (59 [37 – 78]) and year four (58 [44 – 77]) students. There was a positive relationship between academic resilience score and students’ cumulative grade point average (CGPA) (r = 0.250) and GPA (r = 0.154). Conclusion: Undergraduate pharmacy students have moderate academic resilience. Academic resilience varies based on gender and year of study, and it is significantly associated with academic performance.

Objective A minimum amount of stress is essential for a successful life. When it goes beyond the limit, it affects overall well-being. There is a need to modify the environment, feelings, and physical factors of an individual to promote resilience. This study aimed to assess and find the relationship between perceived stress and resilience among nurses working in a selected hospital. Materials and Methods The investigators used the descriptive correlation design and, through the nonprobability sampling method, selected 65 nurses. Data was collected using the demographic variables, perceived stress scale, and the Connor–Davidson resilience scale. Results and Discussion The investigators found a moderate level of stress (61.5%) with intermediate resilience (73.8%) among the nurses and noted a weak correlation between perceived stress and resilience (calculated value is 0.226 and the p-value is 0.071). There was an association found between the frequency of night duty, education level, and perceived stress. Conclusion Our study showed that most of the nurses had a moderate level of stress with intermediate resilience. The unmarried nurses were more resilient, with a moderate level of stress than the married.

Unwed pregnant teenagers tend to experience various problems. Apart from that, they also receive negative perception from community. For that reason, most shelters are provided to assist and protect the teenagers involved. However, only those who can adjust to hardships or resilient can survive the worse. This preliminary survey aimed to identify the level of resilience among unwed pregnant teenagers (UPTs). The study involved 34 UPTs from four women’s shelters under the supervision of the government and private organizations in Peninsular Malaysia. The respondents were selected using the purposive sampling technique. This study used a quantitative approach, and the instrument of this study was a questionnaire named Tahap Resilien Remaja (TReR), which was administered based on the Ego-Resiliency Scale (ER89) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The items in the TReR were validated by five expert evaluators in the psychological and social fields. Study data were analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 25.0. The findings of the study showed that UPTs in women’s shelters had a moderate level of resilience (Mean[M] = 3.40, Standard Deviation [SD] = 1.010). The UPTs in this study showed good progress in the shelters. Therefore, the shelters are expected to maintain and improve the quality of existing services from time to time. Other shelters can also utilize the findings of this study to provide better services to their residents to recover from psychosocial problems resulting from cases of unwed pregnancy.

To analyze the psychometric performance of Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent (RSCA) for undergraduates in Guangdong. Stratified random sampling method was used to select 1628 undergraduates from 7 colleges in Guangdong. RSCA and Academic Burnout Scale for Chinese Undergraduates (ABSCU) were used to investigate them. Cronbach's αcoefficient and split-half reliability were used to analyze the internal consistency of RSCA. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, factor analysis and criterion validity were used to evaluate its validity. Celling and floor effect were used to analyze its sensitivity. Cronbach's α coefficient of the total questionniar, 2 domains and 5 factors were0.72-0.86, which met the requirements of the group comparison. Spearman-Brown split-half coefficient of the total questionniar, 2 domains and 5 factors were 0.71-0.89. The calibration success rate of convergent and discriminant validity of 5 factors were all 100%. The calibration success rate of convergent and discriminant validity of 2 domains were all above 86.7%. Five principal components obtained from 27 items, witha cumulative variance contribution rate of48.79% and two principal components obtained from 5 factors, withacumulative variance contribution rateof 65.23%,which basically metthe theoretical conception of RSCA. The total score of RSCA significantly predicted the total score of ABSCU (Radj2=0.158, P

Amaç: Araştırmada sağlık çalışanlarında COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük, ruminatif düşünce biçimleri ve psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tasarımda olan bu araştırma 310 sağlık çalışanı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Ölçeği”, “Ruminatif Düşünme Biçimi” ve “Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Bu araştırmada, 37 yaş ve üzerinde ve deneyimi fazla olan sağlık çalışanlarında ruminatif düşünme biçiminin daha düşük olduğu, vardiyalı çalışanlarda ise daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ve psikolojik sağlamlığın ruminatif düşünme biçimi üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ve psikolojik sağlamlık, ruminatif düşünme biçiminde toplam varyansın %38,5’ini açıklamakta ve her iki değişkenin ruminatif düşünme biçiminin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarında belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ve ruminasyon düzeylerinin azalmasında çalışanların çalışma koşullarının ve ruhsal durumlarının yakından takip edilmesi, çalışanların oluşabilecek olumsuz ruhsal etkilerden korunması ve psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin artırılmasına yönelik programların oluşturulması sağlanabilir.

This study aimed to find out the level of academic resilience (AR), meaning of life (MOL) and the relationship between them among students at Koya University. 740 samples were selected randomly. The researcher used two scales; one scale adapted academic resilience scale by Cassidy (2016), and meaning of life scale was developed by the researchers. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to test the validity of the meaning of life items. The validity and reliability of the instruments were at convinced level. The result showed that the students have a low level of academic resilience and a high level of meaning of life; the result showed a statistically positive relationship between academic resilience and meaning of life, also the result showed that the academic resilience was predicted meaning of life.

The study’s objective was to know the private school of medicine interns resilience level according to the following dimensions: equanimity, personal satisfaction, feeling good alone, self-confidence and perseverance. Their professional assessment was also measured through their levels of in-depth interviews, technical procedures, and observable attitudes. The approach used was the quantitative, basic type, with a descriptive scope. The non-probability sampling technique was used. The sample consisted of 524 medicine students, 321 women (61.3%) and 203 men (38.7%), who are currently studying in thirteen and fourteen cycle of the seventh year of university studies. For the resilience variable, the instrument used was the survey; and for the professional assessment variable, in-depth interviews were conducted, as well as observation of technical procedures and attitudes of the medicine interns at a private university. The instrument used was the questionnaire called the resilience scale. The study shows that medicine interns resilience is on an inadequate level (75,2%), and that the professional assessment presented a low level (48,9%).

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate coping and psychological resilience in Roma and non-Roma women living in the same neighborhood but with distinct cultures. This is the first comparative study to explore and present the impact of coping styles and sociodemographic characteristics on psychological resilience of Roma and non-Roma communities. Method This descriptive and comparative study included 300 women; of these, 150 were Roma and 150 were non-Roma women. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Resilience Scale for Adults, and the Ways of Coping Inventory. The data were collected between February 1, 2019 and July 31, 2019 by the researcher. Results The results revealed that Roma women used more emotion-focused coping than non-Roma women. Psychological resilience levels were similar between Roma and non-Roma women. Conclusion The present results can be used by mental healthcare professionals to improve women’s mental health. The results can also be used to fill the gap between dominant and minority cultures in societies where the provision of health services is planned according to the dominant culture.

Objectives-\ud \ud Arts on Prescription (AoP) programmes were among the first forms of social prescribing in the UK. Most of the studies of AoP programmes focus on adults and currently there is no published research on the impact of AoP on children and young people. This study investigates the impact of 10 weekly AoP workshops delivered in a school setting on the mental well-being and resilience of adolescents aged 13–16 years at risk of emotional or behavioural problems.\ud \ud Study design-\ud \ud The study design used is a longitudinal cohort study of an AoP programme implemented in 10 schools in the East of England.\ud \ud Methods-\ud \ud Changes in mental well-being and resilience of school children were assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), and the True Resilience Scale applied pre- and post-intervention, with follow-up at 3 months. In total, 91 young people participated in the programme and 65 completed pre- and post-intervention measures.\ud \ud Results-\ud \ud Data from the WEMWBS and True Resilience Scale indicated that the AoP Programme had a positive impact on both well-being and resilience of participants with a statistically significant increase recorded immediately post-intervention. However, these improvements were not sustained upon observation at 3-month follow-up.\ud \ud Conclusion-\ud \ud This article presents the first indication of the effectiveness of a programme of AoP workshops on the mental well-being and resilience of children and young people. It suggests the potential of AoP as a means of support the mental health and well-being of secondary school aged children.

Objetivo: Realizar una adaptación cultural de la Escala Resiliencia para Jóvenes y Adultos a la unaEscala de Resiliencia Escolar para niños de 10 a 12 años, que posea validez y confiabilidad, aplicadoa niños del quinto y sexto grado de la Institución Educativa Primaria Bellavista de la ciudad de Juliaca,2019. Metodología: La presente investigación corresponde a un enfoque cuantitativo, así mismo seutilizó un diseño no experimental de corte transversal y es de tipo psicométrico. La población abarca168 estudiantes del quinto y sexto grado de la Institución Educativa Primaria Bellavista, cuyas edadesoscilen entre los 10 a 12 años de edad. Para el análisis de datos se utilizaron los estadísticos de Vde Aiken y alpha de cronbach. Resultados: Se obtuvo un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.732 locual indica que la escala es altamente confiable. Conclusión: La adaptación cultural de la escala deresiliencia para niños evidencia buena consistencia interna y validez de constructo.

espanolEl trabajo social, como disciplina que en sus practicas afronta la problematica del embarazo adolescente en forma integral. El objetivo fue identificar el trabajo social y resiliencia frente casos de embarazo en adolescentes de la unidad educativa Picoaza, Ecuador. La investigacion considero el metodo cientifico, deductivo y analitico, nivel descriptivo con enfoque mixto, se utilizo como instrumento la guia de entrevista y la Escala de Resiliencia SV-RES de Eugenio Saavedra Guajardo y Marcos Villalta Paucar la cual se aplico de manera online a la trabajadora social del Departamento de Consejeria Estudiantil DECE y a estudiantes embarazadas. De acuerdo a los resultados, el 53 % de estudiantes se considera con valores, lo que permite identificar un adecuado estado de aceptacion, mientras que con el 27 % un importante grupo se considera temeroso o debil, lo que puede dar pautas a posibles desajustes de comportamiento, con el 13 % indican ser valiente y tener fortaleza y con el 7 % se consideran optimista ante cualquier cambio en sus vidas. Por otro lado, las acciones que desarrolla la profesional en trabajo social de la unidad educativa, deben ser coordinadas con el equipo tecnico profesional del departamento de bienestar estudiantil, quienes en conjunto desarrollen estrategias, que fomenten la autoestima. EnglishSocial Work is one of the disciplines whose practices address the problem of adolescent pregnancy in a comprehensive manner. The objective was to identify Social Work and resilience in cases of pregnancy in adolescents in the educational unit Picoaza, Ecuador. The research considered the scientific, deductive and analytical method, descriptive level with qualitative approach, the interview guide and the Resilience Scale SV-RES of Eugenio Saavedra Guajardo and Marcos Villalta Paucar were used as an instrument, which was applied online to the Social Worker of the Student Counseling Department DECE and pregnant students. According to the results, 53% of students consider themselves to have values, which allows identifying an adequate state of acceptance, while with 27% an important group considers themselves fearful or weak, which can give guidelines to possible behavioral imbalances, with 13% they indicate being brave and having strength and with 7% they consider themselves optimistic before any change in their lives. On the other hand, the actions developed by the social work professional of the educational unit should be coordinated with the professional technical team of the student welfare department, who together develop strategies to promote self-esteem.

The 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) is a self-report instrument widely used to assess resilience in particular demographics. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and measurement invariance (MI) of the CD-RISC-10 in Chinese left-behind children. A total of 968 children from three middle schools in Guizhou Province participated in this study, with the CD-RISC-10 used twice, at the base line time point and again after six months. The Ego-resilience Scale (ERS), and General Self-efficiency Scale (GSES-10) were also used as criteria-related validity instruments. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was carried out to examine the one-factor model and the MI with regards to gender and left-behind status, as well as the longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI). The study proved satisfactory reliability and validity of the CD-RISC-10, with good criterion validity with the ERS and GSES-10. CFA results showed that the satisfactory model fit for the one-factor structure was supported in all groups (e.g., CFI = .942, TLI = .925, RMSEA = .057). The strict MI was evident across genders, as well as both the left-behind and non-left-behind groups. Additionally, the LMI of the CD-RISC-10 was also adequately supported. Generally speaking, these findings demonstrate that the CD-RISC-10 can effectively measure the resilience level of left-behind children – boys as well as girls – in China.

Aims: The present study aims at validating the RSA and examining its incremental validity as a predictor of depression as measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Methods: 150 healthy participants completed the RSA, Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). After ensuring the psychometric properties of the RSA, SOC, and BDI, 220 Egyptian students were recruited from Minia University to fill in the RSA and BDI in order to assess the potential capacity of the RSA to predict depression. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 5-factor structure model fitted well and the goodness of fit indices were within the acceptable limits. Construct validity was shown by a positive correlation between the RSA and the SOC, and a negative correlation with the BDI. The RSA and its subscales significantly predicted the BDI even when accounting for age and gender. Conclusion: The RSA is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring resilience in the Egyptian sample and it could be useful for measurement and intervention. The findings highlight the incremental validity of the RSA as a good predictor of depression.

Purpose The aims of this study were to determine resilience levels of radiology residents at the start of radiology residency, investigate changes in resilience and burnout during residency, and assess the relationship between resilience and burnout among radiology residents. Methods Diagnostic radiology residents were invited to participate in online surveys from 2016 to 2019. Resilience was assessed using the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey. For each data set, genders’ scores were compared using either analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis tests. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to explore the correlations between resilience and burnout. Results Women and men had no statistically significant difference among baseline resilience scores (P = .78). However, there was a statistically significant overall decrease in resilience scores among women (P = .002). Baseline Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey scores indicated that residents began residency without frequent symptoms of burnout. There was no statistically significant temporal change across subjects among burnout scores in any scale (P ≥ .09 for all) or between women and men (P ≥ .37 for all interactions). However, among women, there was a statistically significant difference in depersonalization scores during training (P = .009). Additionally, higher resilience scores were associated with a greater sense of personal achievement (r = .52) and less emotional exhaustion (r = −.56) and depersonalization (r = −.59). Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that gender differences in resilience and burnout occur during radiology residency and that resilience has a protective effect against experiencing symptoms of burnout. Radiology residency programs should consider building longitudinal resilience for all trainees, especially women.

O presente Projeto de TCC tem como objetivo geral analisar as relacoes existentes entre autoestima, autoimagem, resiliencia e felicidade entre estudantes adolescentes em uma cidade do sertao da Paraiba. Para tanto, a pesquisa sera de campo, com natureza quantitativa-descritiva, com corte transversal e amostral e observacao direta extensiva (realizada atraves de questionario), por meio de uma amostragem nao probabilistica. Assim, participaram deste estudo 200 estudantes adolescentes, sendo 100 de escolas publicas e 100 oriundos de escolas privadas do municipio de Patos-PB, com idades variando entre 11 e 19 anos, sendo a maioria 75% do sexo feminino. Estes responderam a um instrumento composto pelas escalas de Autoestima, Escala de Autoimagem, Escala de Resiliencia e Escala de Felicidade Subjetiva. Os dados foram analisados por meio do SPSS-WIN-versao 21.0 - atraves de estatisticas descritivas e inferenciais, e os resultados discutidos a luz da literatura pertinente. Todos os preceitos eticos foram adotados quanto aos criterios das pesquisas com seres humanos. Os principais resultados revelaram que nao foram encontradas correlacoes significativas entre nenhum dos construtos estudados. Verificou-se que os adolescentes apresentaram diferencas significativas entre os sexos ( t =0,87, gl =200, p < 0,005), em que as mulheres (M = 4,71 ) obtiveram medias maiores que os homens (M = 4,35 ) na Escala de Felicidade. Portanto, conclui-se que se torna relevante realizar novos estudos sobre Autoestima, Autoimagem, resiliencia e felicidade entre adolescentes escolares. Palavras-chaves: Adolescencia. Autoestima. Autoimagem. Resiliencia. Felicidade. ABSTRACT The purpose of the present CBT Project is to analyze the relationships between self-esteem, self-image, resilience and happiness among teenage students in a city in the interior of Paraiba. To do so, the research will be field, with quantitative-descriptive nature, cross-section and sample and extensive direct observation (conducted through a questionnaire), through a non-probabilistic sampling. Thus, 200 adolescents participated in this study, of which 100 were from public schools and 100 from private schools in the city of Patos-PB, with ages varying from 11 to 19 years, with a majority being 75% female. These will respond to an instrument composed of the Self-esteem Scale, Self-Scale Scale, Resilience Scale, and Subjective Happiness Scale. The data were analyzed through SPSS-WIN-version 21.0 through descriptive and inferential statistics, and the results discussed in light of the relevant literature. All the ethical precepts were adopted regarding the criteria of the researches with human beings. The main results showed that no significant correlations were found between any of the constructs studied. It was verified that the adolescents presented significant differences between the sexes (t = 0.87, gl = 200, p

This study is a Classroom Action Research with a qualitative descriptive method, which aims to increase students' mathematical resilience when using the Different Instruction approach. The subjects of this study were 40 first-semester students of class B of Informatics Engineering and Computer Education STKIP Al Maksum Langkat. The object of this research is the students' mathematical resilience ability through the Different Instruction approach in the basic mathematics subject matter of functions. This research procedure refers to four stages, namely planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. This research was conducted in two cycles, the research was based on the criteria that reached 85% for students who produced a minimum result of 65%. The instrument used in this study was a non-test question in the form of a mathematical resilience scale given at the beginning and end of the lesson. Based on the results of the study, it can be ignored that the Instruction Differentiation approach can improve the mathematical resilience of the first semester B grade students of the PTIK study program, by grouping students based on learning styles more effective in increasing students' mathematical resilience in applying the Instruction Differentiation approach.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral group psycho-education program on psychological resilience, irrational beliefs, and well-being. In the study, 29 high school students participated. As a data collection, The Resilience Scale, the Irrational Beliefs Scale-Adlescent Form, the Subjective Well-being Scale-High School Form and The Determination of Risk Factors were used. In the study, psycho-education program based on cognitive behavioral approach was applied to experimental group in 10 sessions, once a week. No study was performed with the control group. 2 × 3 experimental design was used in the research. The post-test was administered after the research was completed and follow-up measurements were performed five months later. As a result of the analyzes, it is concluded that there is an increase in psychological resilience levels and a decrease in irrational belief levels of students who participated in psycho-education program based on cognitive behavioral approach. It is concluded that there isn't change in the subjective well-being of the students before and after the application.

The following study is aimed at investigating the construct validity of the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 25) on a Romanian military population. The exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 434 male military participants, aged between 24 and 50 years (M = 34.83, S.D. = 6.14) and the confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on a sample of 679 military participants, of 605 men and 74 women, aged between 18 and 59 years (M = 38.37, S.D. = 9.07). Factor analysis of the scale showed it to be a bidimensional, rather than a multidimensional instrument, as the original five-factor structure was not replicated in this military Romanian sample. Moreover, EFAs suggested that a 14-item bidimensional model should be retained and CFA confirmed that this model fit the data best.

Background and purposeThere are a lack of documentation on psychometric assessments on the Malay version of 14-item Resilience scale (RS-14) in Malaysia. This study was to empirically assess its reliability and validity.MethodA prospective test–retest design was employed on Malaysian women with early breast cancer (N = 105). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.ResultsThe results showed overall Cronbach alpha values were .92 and .93 for test–retest, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values ranged between .62 and .75. This study accepted three factors and two factors for test–retest, respectively. Individual factors showed Cronbach alpha average ranged from .71 to .91.ConclusionThe Malay version RS-14 tool was found to be statistically valid, reliable, and reproducible. It was able to measure resilience level in those women under study.