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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Sessiline ciliates live as eco commensals (low numbers) and parasites (high numbers) on different hosts, like mollusks copepods, mysids and fish. Riboscyphidia ecto-protozoan is moderately pathogenic but high numbers of it on the gills can physically prevent gas exchange. The present study aimed to describe the epizoic ciliates Riboscyphidia found on the Red Sea cultured Asian sea bass and obtain more information on the Epidemiology of the parasite with special references to control and histopathological examination of naturally infected sea bass. MATERIALS AND METHODS The occurrence of epizoic ciliates on the adult Asian Sea bass. About 100 Asian sea bass were collected by the fishing net at a private marine fish farm at Ismailia governorate and transferred to the hydrobiology laboratory at National Research Centre. A parasitological and histopathological study of epizoic sessile ciliate species was done. ANOVA test was used for Statistical analysis. RESULTS Riboscyphidia sp. was found and isolated after parasitological examination of investigated adult's Asian sea bass. The prevalence of Riboscyphidiosis was 64%. Sessile ciliates were found on gills, skin and fins. The clinical signs of Riboscyphidiosis were respiratory distress, flashing and off food. Histopathological alterations in naturally infested Asian sea bass were investigated. CONCLUSION The treatment of choice of Riboscyphidiosis was prolonged immersion by Copper citrate with a dose of 0.56 mg mL-1 for 7 days.

International audience; This study examined research centre Biosphere 2 (B2) coverage by US newspapers between 1984 (as stories of conception before construction emerged) and 2019 (at the time this research was conducted) in order to uncover news diffusion relative to B2 in public media across historic eras and amid shifts in stakeholders over time. The analysis focussed on how a scientific institution and its innovative activities implied values, impacted the meaning-making of its project, as well as influenced the amount of information shared across sources (i.e., regional, metropole or elite) and media scale (i.e., local, regional, national outlets). This analysis identified nine eras delimited by scientific or organisational events. The findings emerging from this study can inform understandings of media behaviour around other scientific institutions and experiments.; Cet article examine la couverture du centre de recherche Biosphère 2 (B2) par les journaux américains entre 1984 (année de la conception de B2) et 2019 (année pendant laquelle cette recherche a été menée). Elle vise à identifier les transformations des representations de B2 dans les medias publiques, à travers les époques historiques marquées par des changements dans le pilotage du centre de recherche. L'analyse s'est concentrée sur comment une institution scientifique innovante influençait la quantité d'informations partagées dans les différents types de médias. Cette analyse a permis d'identifier neuf époques délimitées par des événements scientifiques ou organisationnels. Les résultats de cette étude peuvent aider à comprendre le comportement des médias autour d'autres institutions et expériences scientifiques

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide a framework to identify performance metrics for evaluating research and development collaborations.Design/methodology/approachThe framework is developed through a review of similar centres and academic studies, followed by surveys and interviews of researchers and industry practitioners for the case of the Construction Innovation Centre (CIC). The proposed framework consists of identification of existing industry research and development needs, development of a research roadmap representing top research priorities, and identification of the most important services to provide to industry partners, which form the context for defining performance evaluation metrics.FindingsA research roadmap is presented, outlining top research areas and methods and a list of the most in-demand services including research, practical and training and outreach services. Metrics for evaluating the performance of proposed projects, completed projects and a collaborative research centre are also identified.Originality/valueThis study presents a novel approach to defining performance metrics for the evaluation of research and development collaborations. The approach and findings of this study can be adopted by other collaborative research centres and initiatives around the world to develop effective metrics for performance measurement. The proposed framework provides a platform for defining performance metrics in the context of the research roadmap and top-priority services applicable to the research and development collaboration.

The importance of trust for the development of an individual, social relations and for the development of societies has been emphasised by social, psychological and educational theorists. Personal and social trust towards people is to a great extent bound with emotional involvement. People who are close to one another, especially relatives or friends assume that they act on similar principles. Such assumptions about personal relations make people more open, generous and optimistic. Social trust is gained in the course of various daily, professional and social experiences. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to demonstrates personal and social trust on the basis of the results of the surveys conducted by CBOS (Public Opinion Research Centre in Poland).

The science of criminal investigation is an intermediary field that scrutinises the findings of either natural or social sciences from an aspect whether or not those findings are later likely to be used during investigations; and if so, in which areas, in what ways, and to what extent; and then upon the examination of legal and professional environments, it will draw up recommendations how to apply effectively those findings. This process can be accelerated more effectively if an independent criminalistics research centre could coordinate certain research activities within the so-called criminalistics research system. As a result, researches carried out methodically, and applicable on a daily basis, may assist investigators during investigations, and at the same time they may ensure the validity of the pieces of evidence that may establish the basis for criminal proceedings.

Solvay's Centre de Recherches in Aubervilliers (CRA), north of Paris, has been one of the leading institutions in rare earths research in the world for the last sixty years. In the 1960s and 1970s, its pioneering studies in liquid-liquid separation of rare earths made it possible to obtain a new level of purity of final products, opening the door to a vast number of applications in fields as varied as phosphors (for colour TV sets and trichromatic lamps) or catalysis (for exhaust emission control). Generations of researchers, many of whom were educated by the leading French figures in solid-state chemistry, worked behind the centre's walls creating a unique critical mass of rare earths in the French industrial chemical community. Today, the place of rare earths has dwindled in the centre's overall structure, but the trajectory still lingers on. This paper follows the complex life of the rare earths research trajectory in the CRA and tries to understand the factors that contributed to its evolution.

Aim: This is a prospective study that studies the various factors predicting the anastomotic leakage in small bowel anastomoses Patients with suture line disruption were compared with patients whose anastomoses did not leak.Materials and Methods: All patients above the age of 18 years undergoing surgical closure of a full thickness small intestinal breach, were analyzed and followed up until their discharge from hospital or death.Type of study: Prospective, analytical studyPlace of study: Department of General Surgery, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ariyur, PuducherryDuration: April 2018 to March 2020Methodology: Detection of suture line disruptionResult: ASA grade and leak, Biochemical Parameters and leak, Parameters associated with mortality, Anastomotic procedure and leak, Intraoperative factors and leak rate, Typhoid perforations (Widal positive) and leak all the parameters were tabulated conducted to clarify issues relating to factors causing small bowel anastomotic leakage with specific reference to emergency surgeries. Logistic regression and multivariate analysis were used to identify independent predictors of anastomotic leak.Conclusion: Factors found to have a significant association with suture line disruption by univariate analysis included ASA grade of 3 or above, low hemoglobin, low serum albumin, low preoperative serum sodium, higher mean duration of surgery, presence of gross peritoneal contamination, use of drains in primary anastomoses, higher mean amount of fluids infused intraoperatively, intraoperative hypotension and postoperative ventilatory support.

In tea plantations, pruning to rejuvenate the plant is regularly carried out. The cutting age that is also known as pruning year determines the estimated production of tea plantations. The land slope is thought to affect the absorption of nutrients, which have implications on yields. This study aimed to explore the interaction between the pruning year and land slopes in nutrients uptake in tea plantations and to obtain the correlation between soil fertility and nutrients content in tea plants at different land slopes. A field experiment was carried out from December 2020 to February 2021 at The Research Centre for Tea and Cinchona, Gambung. A Split Plot design was conducted to observe between pruning year (PY) that consisted of pruning year 1 (PY-1), pruning year 2 (PY-2), pruning year 3 (PY-3) and pruning year 4 (PY-4) with two different slopes in each block that consisted of flat land (slope = 0-8%) and sloping land (slope = 15%-25%). Results of the study showed that there was no interaction between PY and slope on the uptake and nutrient content in the tea plant, but there was an independent effect from each factor, where the PY factor affected all nutrients uptake, while the slope factor only affected P content. There was no significant difference between flat and sloping land on soil nutrients, but there was a correlation between plant nutrients and tea plant nutrient content. P content had a strong correlation with K content (r = 0.657); and K content had a strong correlation with Mg content (r = 0.891).

Introduction:Echocardiography is the basic and important imaging technique used for the diagnosing the various numbers of Cardiac Conditions. This helps clinicians for diagnosing a various number of clinical variations. This functional data is needed to care for patients with many pathologies and used to diagnose a number of diseases. Trans-Thoracic Echocardiography is the most common Echocardiography done in every Cardiology Department of Centre. The use of 2D Echo provides the proper and fast diagnosis and allows the clinicians to make further diagnosis. In this study, we focus on Current Clinical Prole of the distributed Age Groups along with risk factors and advised recommendations with comparison of Diagnosis. Methods: In this case study, total of 1447 patients were divided in 6 Age Groups, proled for the outcomes of the 2D Echocardiography. We aimed to determine the Current Clinical Prole with the Diagnosis, Risk Factors and Advised Recommendations in each age group in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU) in CHL Multispeciality Hospital and Research Center, Chandrapur using a prospective observational study. Patients: All consecutive patients followed up for 2D Echocardiography at the Cardiology Department between April 2021 and August 2021 were included if they were aged more than 18 years. Patients eligible for the study were evaluated for the current prole of the patient, risk factors and Advised Recommendations in each Age group. Results: In the study conducted, the clinical prole had a good result in suggesting that most of the patients in all age groups had the diagnosis of Good biventricular systolic function, No RWMA, Normal chamber dimension & Valve function. Uncontrolled Sugars and Accelarated Hypertension made worse for patient's cardiac management. Some Results of 2D Echo were also affected because of the emergency in the CICU, for which 2D Echo was postponed later or after stability of the patient. Past Medical History had the signicant role. The clinical prole helped us understand the proper diagnosis and recommendations done

Backgrounds and Objectives: Fractures of distal end of the radius are one of the most common injuries which lead to approximately 1/6th of all fractures which are observed and treated.Failure to achieve and also to maintain anatomic restoration may lead to various deformities and disabilities, poor functional outcome (usually seen with cast immobilization of intraarticular fractures)Later studies have advised operative intervention with conventional T buttress plates, and more recently volar locking compression plates whose mechanical advantage justifies its vast usage. The principle of the Locking Compression Plate is to have rigid fixation close to the bone and under the soft tissue envelope. Locking Compression Plates are anatomically designed plates to maintain alignment and to prevent collapse of the fracture fragment.Methods: This study is a prospective, time bound, hospital based study that was conducted in kempegowda institute of medical sciences and research centre, Bangalore between October 2018 and May 2020. The study included a total of 30 cases of distal end radius fractures that were operated with open reduction and internal fixation with volar Locking Compression Plate (volar LCP).The fractures were classified according to Frykmann classification and were followed up at regular intervals. Functional outcome was assessed using the Gartland and Werley demerit scoring at each follow up visit.Results: Our study revealed nearly half of the study population with excellent outcome (47%), good and fair outcomes were noted among 40% and 13% respectively while none of the patients had poor outcome.Most fractures united by 12 weeks. Complications associated were stiffness, arthritis and EPL tendon irritation.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates well to excellent results in the majority of patients based on G&W functional outcome evaluation after locking plate fixation of the lower end distal radius with lower rate of complications.

The following master’s final work arises in the context of a research scholarship held at INESC TEC's largest research centre, the Centre for Energy Systems better known as CPES. Founded more than 30 years ago, CPES is one of the oldest R&D centres in Portugal. Since the centre has never been submitted to any strategic restructuring plan at communication level, this project has as main objective to present a Marketing Plan for CPES, having as main goal its internationalization in the context of further increasing international notoriety. For the preparation of this project, data collection was carried out through interviews with those responsible for the centre, conversations with collaborators, analysis of several documents provided by the centre and analysis of information available online, which allowed the development of an internal and external analysis of CPES. Subsequently, actions were outlined to be implemented in order to achieve the proposed strategic objectives. This study shows that although CPES is well established in the market for its scientific rigor and the quality produced in its services and participated projects, the aspect of marketing is poorly developed with a weak communication and image, requiring a good strategic plan that enables it to stand out and make the best use of its potential.

At the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN) more than 850 employees advance the peaceful applications of ionising radiation through research, services and education and training. Several initiatives are taken to guarantee a safe working environment, one of them being a compulsory introductory safety training for all new employees, followed by refresher courses. With the objective to increase the flexibility for the participants and to optimise the teaching time of lecturers, the training format is adapted from face-to-face training to blended learning in which a significant amount of online learning is introduced. To appraise the perception and effectiveness of the original face-to-face training and the newly developed e-learning modules, and to compare both, information is gathered on two levels. Firstly, to monitor the perception of the participants regarding the face-to-face and e-learning formats an online questionnaire was launched. Secondly to evaluate the knowledge gain (difference between pre- and post-test results), the participants were requested to answer the same set of technical/scientific questions before and after the training. Results of the perception study show that the e-learning format was well received by the learners. For both learning formats an overall knowledge gain was noticed. The highest knowledge gain was noticed for the e-learning format. The results on perception and effectivity of the e-learning format confirm the further use of this format.

This study was carried out to select the suitable and high leaf yielding broadleaf mustard genotypes for the mid-hill conditions of Nepal. We evaluated seven germplasms of broadleaf mustard (Brassica juncea var. rugosa (L.) Czern.) namely, ‘HRDBLM001’, ‘HRDBLM004’, ‘HRDBLM007’, ‘HRDBLM009’, ‘HRDBLM010’, ‘Marpha Chauda Pat’, and ‘Khumal Chauda Pat’ in the field of the National Horticulture Research Centre, Khumaltar under Nepal Agricultural Research Council during the winter season of two consecutive years, 2019 and 2020. The germplasms were collected from the local diversity centres in the country. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications per treatment. Seeding was done in September, and 28-day-old seedlings were transplanted in the field. The results obtained from the two consecutive seasons revealed that plant vigour was found to be greater in ‘HRDBLM010’ and ‘Khumal Chauda Pat’ (4.7 in the 1 to 5 scale score). The highest leaf weight (65.1 g) was found in ‘HRDBLM010’, followed by ‘HRDBLM007’ (45.6 g) and ‘Khumal Chauda Pat’ (40.9 g). The highest number of leaves was produced by ‘HRDBLM004’ (50 leaves per plant), while leaf weight per plant was the highest in ‘HRDBLM010’ (691.1 g per plant) followed by ‘HRDBLM004’ (535.4 g per plant). Genotype ‘HRDBLM010' produced the highest leaf yield (54.52 MT ha-1), followed by 'HRDBLM004' (44.28 MT ha-1) and ‘HRDBLM007’ (41.65 MT ha-1). Thus, these three germplasms showed superiority among the seven tested germplasms and they could be recommended for cultivation in the mid-hill conditions of Nepal.

Health systems in many countries are currently undergoing an evolution towards more person-centred care. However, an overview of the literature shows that there is little or no guidance available on how to apply person-centred care to pharmaceutical care and clinical pharmacy practices. In this paper we apply a model for person-centred care created by a national multidisciplinary research centre in Gothenburg, Sweden, to the clinical work tasks of outpatient and inpatient pharmacists and describe how pharmaceutical care can become more person-centred.

According to available research, chronic hypoparathyroidism is a relatively rare disease characterized by low serum calcium levels and the absence or deficiency of parathyroid hormone. The chronic course of the disease is associated with the multicomponent medical therapy, careful dynamic monitoring to reduce the risks of various complications in different organs and systems as well as disability and mortality.The Russian registry of patients with chronic postsurgical and nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism has started its work in 2020, based on data of the Endocrinology Research Centre. The main goals of the Registry are the assessment of the actual prevalence, incidence of hypoparathyroidism, the key epidemiological characteristics, the analysis of the clinical features and medical therapy of chronic hypoparathyroidism in Russian Federation.This article covers all objectives of this project, the methodology for maintaining the registry of chronic postsurgical and nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism, the analytical possibilities of its use, including the integration of a decision support system designed to help specialists in real clinical practice follow the algorithms for diagnosis and treatment of the disease, approved by clinical guidelines.The registry of chronic postsurgical and nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism is located on a single platform for the registers of endocrinopathies, regulated by the Endocrinology Research Centre (http://gipopt.clin-reg.ru/).

Erworben im Rahmen der Schweizer Nationallizenzen (http://www.nationallizenzen.ch), The layer-by-layer principle of the additive manufacturing (AM) technology of Laser-Powder-Bed-Fusion (LPBF) creates new opportunities in the design and manufacturing of efficient gear components. For example, integrating a cooling system can increase the safety against scuffing or reduce the amount of required lubrication and thus the splashing losses. Quenched and tempered steels or case-hardened steels are commonly used in the fabrication of gear components. However, the availability of these alloys for LPBF processing is still limited. The development of suitable LPBF metal gears (with a Gear Research Centre (FZG) type A geometry) out of quenched and tempered 30CrNiMo8 steel with internal cooling channels shows the possibility of significantly increasing the safety factor against scuffing. This work includes the development of a suitable cooling strategy, material development, the setup of a suitable test infrastructure and the analysis of the LPBF gears tested for scuffing.

Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth (Kutki or Kadvi) belonging to family Plantaginaceae is a valuable herbaceous plant. The target accessions of species were cultivated at Herbal Nursery (Pothivasa, 2200 masl.) of High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC) Srinagar Garhwal (Uttarakhand) India, and the results obtained on the basis of high-performance thin-layer liquid chromatography (HPTLC) showed a varied range of picrosides content, i.e., Picroside-I (0.138–5.677%), Picroside-II (0.697–7.048%), and total picrosides (2.154–7.444%). The plant leaves (Picroside-I 4.54%; Picroside-II 1.32%) and stolons (Picroside-I 0.46; Picroside-II 5.52%) were proved as a potent source (average value) of picrosides content based on NJ and PCA analysis. The outcomes suggested that market demands might be fulfilled by the supply of leaves, which will be helpful for conservation of species and elite accession will be further used for multiplication. Therefore, mass-scale cultivation of P. kurrooa should be promoted. Cultivation of species will be helpful for reducing pressure on wild populations, meet up the market demand, develop employment opportunities, and conserve the biodiversity.

Chemical thinning of apple ovaries in intensive orchards is highly relevant. This farming practice reduces manual labour, decreases the fructification interval and improves apple quality. Growth regulators, including alpha-aphthylacetic acid, also reduce preharvest fruit drop allowing for an optimal harvest capacity. The research aimed to study the impact of different alpha-naphthylacetic acid application rates on ovary thinning and preharvest fruit drop. Assays were conducted in 2019—2020 in a leached-chernozem experimental apple orchard of the Michurin Federal Research Centre in Tambov Region. Assay 1 studied the treatment impact on apple tree thinning at rates 100, 200, 300 and 400 ml/ha in 8—12 mm fruits, assay 2 (treatment 2 weeks prior to expected harvest) — on reducing preharvest apple drop at rates 200, 300 and 400 ml/ha. The treatments significantly reduced the number of ovaries in the Zhigulevskoe/62-396 cultivar and increased mean apple fruit weight. Such increase was an important yield-rising factor in the 300 and 400 ml/ha treatments. Alpha-naphthylacetic acid treatments in 8—12 mm fruits had a significant lowering impact on total leaf nitrogen content. The treatments also induced a significant reduction in preharvest apple fruit drop, with the best effect at rate 300 ml/ha. No explicit impact of alpha-naphthylacetic acid on fructification interval was observed in the study period.

The productivity of tomato in Nepal is very low due to lack of high yielding, disease and pests resistant varieties. An experiment was carried out to evaluate horticultural traits of 50 genotypes obtained from World Vegetable Centre (WorldVeg), Taiwan and SAARC region, and local collections during March to August 2020 in open field conditions at National Horticulture Research Centre, Khumaltar, Lalitpur. The objectives were to identify promising open-pollinated tomato cultivars for high yield, appropriate fruit size, and disease resistant. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed significant differences in yield and yield attributing characters including virus infection. The highest yield (39.6 mt ha-1) was produced by HRA43 and it was followed by HRA33 (26.4 mt ha-1). Among the WorldVeg OP lines, AVTO1429 produced the highest yield (16.21 mt ha-1) and it was followed by AVTO1717 (12.95 mt ha-1), AVTO0922 (11.83 mt ha-1) and AVTO1219 (11.7 mt ha-1) respectively. Most of the WorldVeg lines performed better than the check variety ‘Pusa Ruby’. Genotype HRA43, Red Local and Sindhupalchock Local were not affected by virus while Yellow Local showed 3.3% infection. Among the WorldVeg lines, AVTO1712 (20%), AVTO1717 (20%) and AVTO1718 (13%) and AVTO1219 (15%) showed less than 20% virus infection in the open field conditions. Cluster analysis using the unweighted paired group method with arithmetic mean showed that cluster-1 was the largest cluster comprised of 40 genotypes followed by cluster-2 and cluster-4. Genotypes from cluster-4 showed the higher fruit yield (25.1 mt ha-1) and resistant to the virus and the highest number of fruits per plot (1978 in 4.5 m2 area). The yield was low in cluster-1 which could be due to the heavy rainfall during the vegetative and reproductive stages. Genotypes Red Local and Sindhupalchock Local could be used in future tomato breeding program due to their resistant to TYLCV, higher potential yield and highest plant vigour in open field conditions at the mid-hill of Nepal. Considering the overall performance, genotype HRA43, HRA33 and AVTO1429 were promising lines with performance for yield and other horticultural traits.

Fieldwork was funded by an Arcus Foundation grant to STT and a Wildlife Acoustics grant to JVB. ID is supported in part by funding from the National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant ID 90782, 105782). ED is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences South Africa, Stellenbosch University and the Next Einstein Initiative. This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada (www.idrc.ca), and with financial support from the Government of Canada, provided through Global Affairs Canada (GAC; www.international.gc.ca). Extracting species calls from passive acoustic recordings is a common preliminary step to ecological analysis. For many species, particularly those occupying noisy, acoustically variable habitats, the call extraction process continues to be largely manual, a time-consuming and increasingly unsustainable process. Deep neural networks have been shown to offer excellent performance across a range of acoustic classification applications, but are relatively underused in ecology. We describe the steps involved in developing an automated classifier for a passive acoustic monitoring project, using the identification of calls of the Hainan gibbon Nomascus hainanus, one of the world's rarest mammal species, as a case study. This includes preprocessing-selecting a temporal resolution, windowing and annotation; data augmentation; processing-choosing and fitting appropriate neural network models; and post-processing-linking model predictions to replace, or more likely facilitate, manual labelling. Our best model converted acoustic recordings into spectrogram images on the mel frequency scale, using these to train a convolutional neural network. Model predictions were highly accurate, with per-second false positive and false negative rates of 1.5% and 22.3%. Nearly all false negatives were at the fringes of calls, adjacent to segments where the call was correctly identified, so that very few calls were missed altogether. A post-processing step identifying intervals of repeated calling reduced an 8-h recording to, on average, 22 min for manual processing, and did not miss any calling bouts over 72 h of test recordings. Gibbon calling bouts were detected regularly in multi-month recordings from all selected survey points within Bawangling National Nature Reserve, Hainan. We demonstrate that passive acoustic monitoring incorporating an automated classifier represents an effective tool for remote detection of one of the world's rarest and most threatened species. Our study highlights the viability of using neural networks to automate or greatly assist the manual labelling of data collected by passive acoustic monitoring projects. We emphasize that model development and implementation be informed and guided by ecological objectives, and increase accessibility of these tools with a series of notebooks that allow users to build and deploy their own acoustic classifiers. Publisher PDF

Eight sunflower inbred lines were crossed in 8×8 diallel fashion (without reciprocal) and 28 F1 were developed at Oilseed Research Centre (ORC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur in Rabi season, 2018. All F1 and their parents were planted in Rabi season 2019 to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for yield and yield attributes. The highly significant mean squares for genotypes for all the studied characters indicating wide variability in the parental materials. The highly significant GCA effects for stem diameter, days to maturity, number of seeds/head, 1000-seed weight and SCA effects for days to 50 flowering, days to maturity, head diameter, number of seeds/head, 1000-seed weight and seed yield were observed. The greater ratio of GCA/SCA implies the predominance of additive gene effect for all the studied characters. The parents, P1, P2, P3, P6 and P8 were found as good general combining parents for short duration, early maturity, lodging resistant, and 1000 seed weight. Crosses with the best SCA effects for some characters were found from the interaction of low × low, high × low, low × high or high × average combining parents. Further investigation on superiority and stability of good combining parents and hybrids over different years and locations is needed. Key words: Sunflower, Griffing’ method, general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA).

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has been recognized as the fourth largest crop after maize, wheat and rice and is a crop of importance in developing countries for ensuring human nutrition and food security. Based on the Web of Science, this study analysed 3943 article- and review-type papers of potato research from agronomy category during 2000 to 2021 and included 6 highly cited papers. The papers mainly written in English (96.88%) were from 11,479 authors, 120 countries/territories and 2719 organizations and published in 97 journals and one book series. The top 5 core journals were American Journal of Potato Research (949, 24.07%), Potato Research (437, 11.08%), European Journal of Plant Pathology (172, 4.36%), Plant Pathology (171, 4.34%) and Theoretical and Applied Genetics (142, 3.60%). The top 5 countries and regions were the USA, Canada, China, the Netherlands and Brazil. The top five organizations were USDA ARS, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, University of Wisconsin, Wageningen University and Research Centre and University of Idaho, each with more than 157 papers. The top 6 authors were C. R. Brown, R. G. Novy, J. B. Bamberg, R. G. F. Visser, K. G. Haynes and P. C. Struik, each publishing more than 43 papers. All keywords of the potato research from agronomy category were separated into seven clusters for different research topics. Visualizations offered exploratory information on the current state in a scientific field or discipline as well as indicating possible developments in the future. This work is useful for students identifying graduate schools and for researchers selecting journals.