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Introducción: Las luxaciones traumáticas de codo posteromediales asociadas a fracturas de cóndilo externo constituyen una lesión poco común dentro de la patología ortopédica. Pueden pasar desapercibidas si no se tiene la sospecha clínica, y la falla en el diagnóstico y tratamiento pueden derivar en un mal pronóstico funcional para el miembro lesionado. Metodología: Entre el año 2020 y 2022 identificamos 3 pacientes pediátricos con luxación posteromedial de codo asociado a fractura del cóndilo externo. Los tres pacientes presentaron fractura de cóndilo externo tipo 2 de la clasificación de Milch. Todos los pacientes fueron tratados de manera quirúrgica. Tuvieron un seguimiento de 2 años, salvo en uno de ellos, el cual fue de 18 meses. Se realizó un seguimiento clínico y radiológico para la evaluación de la lesión, al tiempo que se aplicó el cuestionario DASH a los 3 pacientes. Resultados: Se obtuvieron excelentes resultados en 2 de los pacientes y buen resultado en uno de ellos dado por una pérdida de la extensión de 15 grados. Aunque todos tuvieron un buen resultado en el cuestionario funcional DASH adaptado. Conclusión: La luxación de codo asociado a la fractura de cóndilo externo es una lesión poco común. Es necesario realizar un diagnóstico precoz a través de un correcto estudio de la lesión, ya sea con radiografías, artrografía, tomografía o resonancia magnética. Se pueden lograr buenos resultados siempre que se realice un correcto tratamiento de la misma con un exhaustivo control evolutivo.

Copyright of Avances en Odontoestomatologia is the property of Ediciones Avances SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Avances en Odontoestomatologia is the property of Ediciones Avances SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina son utilizados por más de 40 millones de personas en todo el mundo para el tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Son considerados seguros, aunque pueden producir angioedema severo en el 0,1 a 0, 5 % de los pacientes. Se presenta el caso de un paciente del sexo masculino, de 67 años de edad, con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial, tratado con metformina, hidroclorotiazida y enalapril desde hacía aproximadamente cuatro años, que ingresó en cuerpo de guardia con edema severo del tercio anterior de la lengua, sin compromiso respiratorio. Se indicó hidrocortisona y difenhidramina y evolucionó satisfactoriamente, por lo que fue dado de alta y se prescribió prednisona y difenhidramina por vía oral; se suspendió el enlapril y a las 48 horas se reevaluó y estaba asintomático. El mecanismo por el que estos medicamentos producen angioedema no está claro, pero probablemente sería por la acumulación tisular de bradiquinina y puede presentarse en cualquier momento del tratamiento. La correcta anamnesis, el diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento inmediato con hidrocortisona por vía endovenosa son aspectos a considerar ante casos similares. El análisis del evento mediante la farmacovigilancia, permitió clasificarlo como severo, probablemente relacionado con el consumo de enalapril. Esto genera alertas para informar al personal de salud y tomar decisiones relacionadas con los medicamentos, que permitan la actuación inmediata con la finalidad de reducir la morbimortalidad.

Volvulus is the abnormal torsion or rotation of a portion of the intestine on its mesentery, which causes occlusion of the lumen, obstruction, and vascular compromise. Cecum volvulus is a rare clinical condition and represents only between 2 and 3 % of cases of intestinal occlusion in adults. We present the case of a 56-year-old female patient with a history of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and chronic constipation, who attended the surgery ward at the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima University General Hospital in Cienfuegos because several days ago she had had intermittent abdominal pain, a feeling of fullness when eating and without expulsion of feces, on occasions she had had nausea and scarce vomiting with other food. The physical examination revealed abdominal asymmetry at the expense of the right hemiabdomen, which was painful, distended, and tympanic. The simple abdominal X-ray reported an image reminiscent of cecum volvulus. A right hemicolectomy was performed with an end-to-end ileotransversostomy in two suture planes. At present, the patient has been operated for 6 months with a favorable evolution. The diagnosis of this entity is made during laparotomy in a large number of cases, as a result of its multiple forms of presentation, which can range from acute abdominal pain to septic shock. The case is presented due to the infrequent nature of this entity.

El hemangioma fusocelular es un tumor vascular benigno poco frecuente. Se ha relacionado con el síndrome de Maffucci, el síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay y otras malformaciones venosas. Habitualmente son nódulos dérmicos de color violáceo en las extremidades distales de niños y adultos jóvenes, sin predilección por ningún sexo. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 22 años que padecía un nódulo subcutáneo, doloroso a la presión, en la pierna derecha. A la exploración física se observó una tumoración redondeada violácea de 1,5 cm. Se sospechó la presencia de un hemangioma. Se realizó una escisión simple y se envió al departamento de anatomía patológica. Se describió la muestra como nódulo intraluminal constituido por una proliferación de células de aspecto fusiforme con moderada atipia y aisladas figuras de mitosis y se confirmó el diagnóstico de hemangioma fusocelular de localización intravascular. El diagnóstico del hemangioma fusocelular es anatomopatológico y como tratamiento suele bastar la escisión simple, aunque frecuentemente recidivan. Dado que el hemangioma fusocelular es una entidad poco conocida y puede ser confundida con otras lesiones vasculares, se considera interesante la comunicación del presente caso. El conocimiento de este tipo de lesión puede aumentar los casos notificados.

Baller-Gerold syndrome is secondary to mutations in the RECQL4 gene (8q24.3). This gene belongs to the RecQhelicase family and is implicated in other diseases predisposing to cancer. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and due to the high number of differential diagnoses, finding a mutation in the gene can help to specify the diagnostic spectrum, genetic counseling and treatment. Around 30 cases have been described in the literature, although it is known that it has occurred in less than 200,000 people in the world, being considered a rare clinical condition. We present the case of a newborn, who at birth was found to have multiple musculoskeletal malformations: radial aplasia, aplastic thumbs, malformations of the rib cage, clinodactyly of all the fingers of the upper limbs, hypoplastic forearms, clinodactyly of the left lower limb. She was given parenteral feeding for several days, it was impossible to establish an adequate oral route due to the absence and/or incoordination of the sucking-swallowing reflexes as an expression of her malformations at the central nervous system level. The case is presented due to its low incidence and prevalence, which is why it is considered a rare disease.

La hidrocefalia de presión normal es un síndrome caracterizado por alteraciones de la marcha, deterioro cognitivo e incontinencia urinaria que está asociado a crecimiento del sistema ventricular en ausencia de elevación de la presión del líquido cefalorraquídeo. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 43 años de edad que presentó evento convulsivo único, acompañado de alteraciones de la marcha, bradipsiquia, bradicinesia, temblor en reposo y trastorno esfinteriano urinario. Se le realizó tomografía axial computarizada multicorte donde se observó sistema ventricular con índice de Evans de 0.42, se le realizó el tap test y derivación ventrículo peritoneal con utilización de neuromonitoreo de la presión intracraneal transoperatorio. La hidrocefalia de presión normal es una patología poco frecuente en neurocirugía, a menudo es mal diagnosticada y se confunde con enfermedades frecuentes en el anciano. Se presenta el caso para describir las características clínicas, de neuromonitoreo y tratamiento quirúrgico de un paciente que presentó una hidrocefalia de presión normal secundaria a un síndrome parkinsoniano.

Osteopetrosis constitutes a group of genetic disorders that determine skeletal sclerosis. It is also known as Albers-Schonberg disease. It is transmitted in both an autosomal dominant and recessive manner. Its early diagnosis makes it possible to treat the underlying pathology and the fracture early, in order to achieve bone consolidation and incorporate patients into their daily lives with a favorable evolution. We present the case of a 10-year-old female patient, white-skinned, who had been in consultation at the Frank País García International Orthopedic Scientific Complex since she was 4 years old, where she was diagnosed with osteopetrosis. Six years later, he fell off his feet and sustained trauma to his right hip. It started with severe pain, swelling and difficulty walking. The patient attended the Paquito González Cueto Pediatric University Hospital in Cienfuegos where she was evaluated by pediatric, orthopedic and traumatology specialists. A hip x-ray was performed where the diagnosis of right hip fracture was confirmed, for which he was admitted for surgical treatment. The case is presented with the objective of exposing the approach to this type of disease and the treatment method, motivated by its low frequency of presentation.

Dandy-Walker syndrome is associated with cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, varying degrees of abnormality of the cerebellar vermix, and supratentorial hydrocephalus. It is mainly based on an abnormal development of the cerebrospinal fluid communication pathways. Genetic predisposition associated with malformations and chromosomal alterations has been suggested. The diagnosis can be carried out during the prenatal or postnatal stage, clinically and diagnostic imaging studies. We present the case of a newborn who was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit due to hypotonic, tongue protrusion with sucking disorders. A transfontanellar ultrasound was performed, with dilation of the lateral ventricles. In addition to the dilation of the lateral ventricles, a cyst in the choroid plexus and signs of brain atrophy were observed. She was diagnosed with Dandy-Walker syndrome, without surgical criteria because she did not present signs of hydrocephalus. The case is presented because it is a rare malformation of the central nervous system.

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are used by more than 40 million people worldwide for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. They are considered safe, although they can cause severe angioedema in 0.1 to 0.5% of patients. The case of a 67-years-old male patient diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension, treated with metformin, hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril for approximately four years, who was admitted to the emergency room with severe edema of the third anterior of the tongue, without respiratory compromise is presented. Hydrocortisone and diphenhydramine were indicated and he evolved satisfactorily, for which he was discharged and prednisone and diphenhydramine were prescribed orally; he discontinued enlapril, 48 hours later he was reassessed and was asymptomatic. The mechanism by which these drugs produce angioedema is not clear, but it would probably be due to the tissue accumulation of bradykinin and can occur at any time during treatment. The correct history, early diagnosis and immediate treatment with intravenous hydrocortisone are aspects to consider in similar cases. Analysis of the event through pharmacovigilance allowed it to be classified as severe, probably related to the enalapril consumption. This generates alerts to inform health staff and make decisions related to medications, which allow immediate action in order to reduce morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cutaneous leukemia is a very rare pathology and can occur in different types of leukemia associated or not with genetic syndromes. It is a very uncommon form of initial presentation of malignancy. Due to its non-specific skin lesions and the similarity with various skin pathologies, it represents a great diagnostic challenge for the pediatric dermatologist. We present the case of a 5-year-old boy with a history of acute lymphocytic leukemia with scaly papular lesions of a lichenoid appearance disseminated in the cutaneous integument. A skin biopsy was performed on suspicion of skin infiltration or leukemia cutis. The case was discussed to reach diagnostic confirmation of cutaneous leukemia. Treatment was started in the Hematology Service. This hematological disease occasionally manifests itself on the skin and when it does, it is necessary to recognize it to complete its diagnosis and treatment and save the life of the affected patient, as in this case. The interest of this presentation lies in the fact that the appearance of skin lesions, even if they are non-specific, in a patient with leukemia, should alert the treating medical team for their rapid study and thus guide therapeutic behavior and due to their low incidence of presentation.

Bone involvement in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma usually occurs after diagnosis, but unusually it can occur from the onset of symptoms. The case of a young woman who began with bone manifestations is presented. Initially, other diagnoses were considered, which were reassessed due to the progression and persistence of symptoms until diagnostic confirmation of Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nodular sclerosis variety. After evidence of mixed bone lesions in magnetic resonance imaging, a definitive diagnosis was achieved in a lymph node biopsy that showed the characteristic Reed-Sternberg cells. Due to the infrequency of these cases, its publication is considered necessary to alert about the inclusion of this diagnostic thought in patients who present bone pain as the beginning of a cancer not yet diagnosed.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease has been recognized as a syndrome characterized by necrosis and focal demyelination of the corpus callosum. It was first described in 1903 by the pathologists Marchiafava and Bignami in three Italian alcoholic patients who drink red wine. The case of a 55-year-old patient is reported, alcoholic, who attended with generalized epileptic seizures and impaired level of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull revealed demyelination of the corpus callosum, white and gray matter of the parietal and frontal lobes, leading to the diagnosis of acute Marchiafava-Bignami type A disease. The patient died of hospital-acquired pneumonia 15 days later of income. Knowledge of this disease is necessary, because despite the poor prognosis of its acute form, cases of good evolution with timely diagnosis and treatment are reported. The case is presented with the aim of evidencing the diagnosis of a rare disease that can be expressed in a variable way and qualifies as a medical emergency.

Copyright of Revista Médica de Risaralda is the property of Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In endodontics, the access to the root canal is essential for the treatment success. Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) is a challenge for conventional endodontic treatments with a high risk of fracture of endodontic instruments. Currently, guided endodontic treatments, or digitally guided accesses, are novel alternatives with multiple benefits for the treatment of PCO. The objective of this case report is to describe the protocol for static guided access in PCO, indicating the advantages and considerations of the treatment. A case report of four patients treated between July 2021 and June 2022 is presented. These patients required endodontic treatments in anterior teeth with PCO. In order to virtually plan the direction and length of the access, using a software, we used a cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and an intraoral scan. Then, a 3D printing of the static guide was made, which directs the entry of the drill. With this method, it was possible to find the root canal in one session and perform the endodontic treatment successfully and conservatively. In conclusion, although static guided endodontics requires planification, it allows a safe endodontic treatment in patients with PCO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver neoplasm. It is the sixth most common tumor in the world, between 500,000 and one million cases diagnosed each year, and is the second most common cause of death from cancer. The disease develops almost exclusively in patients with underlying chronic liver disease, 85 to 95 % of who have developed cirrhosis. Surgical treatment, resection or liver transplant, continues to be the choice. The case of a 55-years-old male patient with a history of health with symptoms of gastric fullness, hematemesis or melena is presented. Physical examination revealed a tumor of more than 16 centimeters palpable in the epigastrium. By abdominal ultrasonography and simple and contrasted tomography, the initial diagnosis was made of a giant hepatocellular carcinoma of more than 16 centimeters in segments II and III. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed, confirming by the anatomopathological study a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhotic liver. After 6 months of surgery, favorable clinical and tomographic evolution was confirmed. Hepatocellular carcinoma continues to be a rare entity for which surgical resection is a therapeutic option. An atypical case diagnosed and operated on for giant hepatocellular carcinoma with a cirrhotic liver is presented.

Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome is a rare disease characterized by bilateral internal frontal hyperostosis associated with metabolic and psychiatric disorders, arterial hypertension, and dysfunction of the cranial nerves of undefined etiology. The case of a 77-year-old patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension and psychiatric disorder, who was admitted to the Neurology Service of the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima University Hospital in Cienfuegos with dysarthria and right hemiparesis is presented. Diagnostic skull imaging studies were performed where the presence of extensive internal frontal hyperostosis, cortical atrophy and a left thalamic infarction was observed. During his hospital stay, the presence of grade I obesity, hirsutism and hypercholesterolemia was documented. The patient met the criteria for Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome by manifesting the presence of internal frontal hyperostosis with endocrinological and neuropsychiatric manifestations. The case is presented in order to demonstrate the diagnosis of a low incidence disease in ischemic cerebrovascular patients with the presence of symptoms that include several well-documented vascular risk factors.

Copyright of Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Universidad Ricardo Palma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Triploidy is a lethal numerical chromosomal alteration characterized by an additional haploid chromosomal complement, 99.9 % of these are lost between the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and 15 % of fetuses end in spontaneous abortions before 20 weeks. We present the case of a 27-year-old patient with 23.2 weeks of gestation who was referred to the Provincial Center of Medical Genetics of Cienfuegos with suspicion by ultrasound of fetal malformations. The diagnosis of abnormal cranial morphology was corroborated with absence of the cerebellar vermis, presence of the fourth ventricle, absence of cavum septum pellucidum, abnormal cardiac morphology, valves at the same level, and high ventricular septal defect. Chromosomal prenatal diagnosis was proposed, its result was fetus with chromosomal formula 69, XXY. Voluntary termination of pregnancy was considered. The pathology report reported that the fetus had the following congenital defects: cerebellar hypoplasia and agenesis of the cerebellar vermis, ventriculo-megaly, and complex atrioventricular canal-type heart disease. The objective of this presentation is to describe a case of triploidy-type polyploidy in amniotic fluid. The case is presented due to the infrequency of this genetic condition among live fetuses in the second trimester of pregnancy.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations are vascular abnormalities characterized by a fistulous connection between arteries and veins without the intervention of the normally existing capillary bed. They are frequently located in the territory of the great cerebral arteries, but they can appear in any other vascular bed and are causes of intracerebral hemorrhages, epilepsy, focal neurological signs, and other symptoms. A case of a 64-year-old female patient, hypertensive and diabetic, who acutely presented with left hemicorporal weakness, is presented. On physical examination, she had dysarthria, left hemiparesis and meningeal signs. The initial computed tomography scan showed a right parietooccipital intraparenchymal hematoma opening to the ventricular system. CT angiography showed right parietooccipital cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Treatment of this condition depends on patient factors, as well as angiographic factors. The different options are: watchful waiting, symptomatic medical treatment, surgical resection, endovascular therapy, stereotaxic radiosurgery. The clinical case of an intraparenchymal hematoma secondary to a cerebral arteriovenous malformation is presented because it is a rare condition in an older adult.

Copyright of CES Odontología is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tradicionalmente, los casos clínicos contienen una amplia descripción de los síntomas, signos, diagnósticos y tratamiento de un evento novedoso de una enfermedad bien conocida o desconocida, es decir eventos clínicos raros (1). Dicha información se obtiene a partir de un paciente o de un pequeño grupo de pacientes. Usualmente, esto conlleva a observaciones importantes, desconocidas o poco comunes de un evento en salud. Al final, pueden permitir un mejor abordaje de estas enfermedades que presenten las mismos síntomas y signos (raros o poco comunes) o para fines educativos (1). Por esta razón, son diversas las utilidades que tiene un caso clínico, por lo que se debe de estructurar y escribir adecuadamente

IPAF agrupa individuos con EPID y otras características clínicas, serológicas o pulmonares que derivan de una condición autoinmune sistémica subyacente, pero no cumplen con los criterios reumatológicos actuales para una ETC. La EPID, manifestación clínica frecuente de las ETC, puede aparecer en el contexto de una ETC conocida pero no es infrecuente que sea la primera y única manifestación de un ETC oculta. Identificar una ETC subyacente en pacientes que presentan con compromiso intersticial inicial puede ser un desafío; tales evaluaciones pueden optimizarse mediante un enfoque multidisciplinario. Presentamos el caso de tres pacientes, de diferente presentación, evolución y tratamiento, todos caracterizados hasta la fecha como IPAF.

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El lupus eritematoso sistémico es una enfermedad autoinmune de etiología desconocida, cuyo cuadro clínico incluye diversas manifestaciones cardiovasculares, que se pueden presentar entre el 50 y 60 % de los pacientes. La miocarditis es infrecuente (10 %) y puede evolucionar tanto a miocardiopatía dilatada como a la mejoría. Por tales razones se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 24 años, de color de piel negra, ingresada en el Hospital José Ramón Martínez del municipio de Guanajay, Artemisa, por disnea y palpitaciones ante moderados esfuerzos. Tenía historia previa de infección respiratoria durante el periodo epidémico de la influenza H1N1, diagnosticada por neumonía con derrame cuya evolución fue tórpida. Los elementos clínicos claves en la sospecha y diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico fueron la presencia de úlceras en el paladar blando y signos de artritis de las articulaciones interfalángicas de ambos pies, así como la historia previa de derrame pleural y manifestaciones de insuficiencia cardíaca, es decir participación multisistémica. Los exámenes de laboratorio mostraron el cribado de anticuerpos antinucleares positivo, disminución de los niveles de complemento CH50 y C3. Actualmente está controlada con esteroides e inmunosupresores.

Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the exanthematous disease by chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Material and methods: Review of clinical fi les with diagnosis of CHIKV occurred in the Children's Hospital of the State of Sonora, during the year 2015. Results: Five cases were resolved without complications in the acute phase and one case developed arthritis and arthralgia with three months of evolution without presenting orthopedic sequelae. One case with mild thrombocytopenia, four children developed lymphopenia and one case with neutropenia, leukopenia and lymphopenia. Conclusions: All six cases presented a favorable evolution; no child had the characteristic feature of buckling disease due to pain or any sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Case reports are an invaluable tool in the professional development of health workers and inseparable of the residents and fellow's training. Their aim is to improve patient-centered care (customized medicine) during daily clinical practice, to stimulate the most upto-date search for medical information (clinical research-evidencebased medicine), to promote knowledge of diseases and their most advanced treatments -thus increasing medical information, and they are the fi rst step in developing writing and scientifi c publication skills, which are a requirement and an obligation in current contemporary medicine. The present article has the purpose of presenting, in general, the importance of case reports in medical literature and also to establish a guide for its elaboration and design that could be useful for residents and fellows in the health area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El schwannoma es un tumor benigno de la vaina de mielina compuesto por células de Schwann. Constituyen del 8 al 10 % de los tumores intracraneales. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 37 años de edad, que acudió al Servicio de Oftalmología por presentar dolor ocular inespecífico sobre todo a los movimientos del globo ocular, proptosis y pérdida de visión del ojo izquierdo. Al examen físico ocular se comprobó disminución de la agudeza visual, una proptosis de 23 mm del ojo izquierdo, hipoquinesia pupilar con un defecto pupilar aferente relativo y al fondo de ojo signos de estasis papilar. En los estudios imagenológicos aparecieron: exoftalmos del ojo izquierdo, lesión hiperdensa retro-ocular de 25 x 20 mm. Se realizó proceder quirúrgico con toma de biopsia de la lesión. Se diagnosticó como schwannoma parcialmente encapsulado. A los tres meses se constató desaparición de los síntomas y de la proptosis así como recuperación visual y fondoscópica.

La heminegligencia consiste en la dificultad que presenta el individuo para orientarse, actuar o responder a estímulos o acciones que ocurren en el lado contralateral a una lesión hemisférica, que no es debida a trastornos elementales sensoriales o motores. Típicamente se ha descrito por lesiones que afectan el lóbulo parietal, fundamentalmente el derecho. En la heminegligencia hay una pérdida de la configuración de la entrada sensorial al cerebro, especialmente al neocórtex; teniendo en cuenta que el lóbulo parietal contiene el esquema corporal y media la percepción espacial, la topografía más frecuentemente descrita es precisamente en este. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con una combinación de heminegligencia y hemianopsia, con lesiones en varios territorios corticales, en el cual, pese a presentar casi todas las características del síndrome, se mostraron intactas las funciones relacionadas con la lectura.

Se reporta los dos primeros casos de micetoma pulmonar por Scedosporium sp, en el Perú, tratados quirúrgicamente en el Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue. Se practicó resección pulmonar debido a micetoma pulmonar de donde se tomó muestras que fueron enviadas a microbiología y anatomía patológica para cultivo y estudio histopatológico. Se identificó el moho Scedosporium sp en dos pacientes con secuelas cavitarias por tuberculosis, quienes presentaron tos y hemoptisis de dos meses y tres años de evolución, respectivamente. Radiológicamente las cavidades estaban ocupadas por una "bola fúngica". La histopatología indicó presencia de abundantes hifas, indistinguibles de las de Aspergillus sp, mientras que la inmunodifusión para Aspergillus fue negativa.

Systemic Lupus Erythematous is an autoimmune disease of unknown origin, whose clinical features include diverse cardiovascular manifestations. They can present in between 50 and 60% of the patients. Myocarditis is infrequent (10%) and may evolve either to a dilated Mycordiopathy or to the improvement. For such reasons, a case of 24 year old black female is presented. She was admitted to the Jose Ramón Martinez Hospital in the Guanajay Municipality, Artemisa, due to dyspnea and palpitations on moderate exert. She had e previous history of respiratory infection during the pandemic period of H1N1 influenza diagnosed due to pneumonia with a effusion which evolution was torpid. The key clinical elements in the suspect and diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematous were the presence of ulcers in the soft palate and signs of arthritis in the inter-phalange joints of both feet, so as previous history of pleural effusion with manifestations of cardiac insufficiency, i.e. multisystemic participation. Laboratory tests showed positive antinuclear antibodies screening, decreasing of the levels of CH50 and C3 complement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epydermolisis bullosa is part of a group of non-infectious and non-contagious inherited diseases which courses with different presentations from mild to severe forms. It is characterized by skin and mucosa affections due to a disturbance of the proteins of the epidermodermic joins which alter cohesion in both skin layers. As a consequence blisters and vesicles are formed after minimum traumas of frictions, with the variable incidence to other organs. Due to the scarce appearance of the disease it has been decided to present the case a four years old girl with the diagnosis of epydermolisis bullosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is currently an autoimmune disease occurring more frequently and early in life. T1D development requires genetic predisposition and environmental factors, which influence the gut microbiota in early infancy and could increase the risk for T1D-associated autoimmunity. In Mexico there are no published microbiota studies in children <6 years old with T1D. Case reports We report two contrasting Mexican T1D cases of children <6 years of age and a third case of a healthy child prior to autoimmunity and T1D onset. Perinatal factors, feeding regimes in the first year of life and gut microbiota composition are discussed and related to the T1D onset. The three cases show a particular microbiota profile with decreased bacterial diversity as compared with healthy children, which could be related to environmental factors prior to the development of T1D and disease control. Conclusions T1D infant cases presented a decreased bacterial diversity, which appeared before autoimmunity and T1D onset. Glycemic control could tend to correct the gut dysbiosis in T1D children. Prospective studies are needed to follow-up healthy children at high genetic risk to assess factors related to the microbiota structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diagnosis of diseases with restrictive pattern of relaxation represents a clinical challenge In everyday practice. Traditionally, diagnosis was based on echocardiograph data and Invasive measurement of intracavitary pressures. However, the emergence of cardiac magnetic resonance has created a different scenario where non-invasive evaluation is used increasingly. We present the case of a peasant, 51 years of age, who presented dyspnea, edema of lower limbs, and nausea. With echocardiogram, myocardial perfusion by nuclear medicine, cardiac catheterization, cardiac magnetic resonance, and simple tomography the patient was diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis. The patient underwent partial pericardiectomy and his evolution has been satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se evalúan los síntomas y signos de 28 pacientes notificados al Centro Provincial de Higiene y Epidemiologia de Ciego de Avila, Cuba, por Escorpionismo, en el periodo de 1985 a 1993. El 100% de. los casos presentaron dolor local con irradiación ascendente, al igual que el eritema local con tumefacción, 10 casos tuvieron entumecimiento de la lengua y adormecimiento del miembro afectado, siendo éstos los síntomas y signos más frecuentes. El período de recuperación de los casos osciló desde 3 a B'horas hasta 7 días. Se reportaron 23 pacientes picados en miembros superiores y 5 en miembros inferiores. Del total de casos, 22 fueron adultos; en éstos, los grupos de edades de mayor incidencia fueron de 31 a 40 años con 9casos y de 21 a 30 años wn 6. En los casos estudiados predominó el sexo masculino. Notificaron enfermos, 7 de los 10 municipios de la provincia.

Descriptive observational studies (DOE) constitute at least 70% of the published articles in various scientific journals in the field of surgery, and despite this, there are no instruments to guide writers and to assist reviewers in the result report with DOE. The aim of this study is to design and build a checklist for reporting results with EOD. Two-stage study with qualitative methodology. In a first stage, a proposal was designed, by collecting items and domains from an extensive review of the literature. In the second one, an instrument was developed by applying reduction items and domains through a panel of 45 experts in research methodology, clinical academics, reviewers and editors of biomedical journals, thereby applying facade and content validity. The items and domains incorporated into the final instrument were those which achieved over 80% agreement between the participants (36 of 45). In this way an instrument composed of 19 items and grouped into four domains was created. A checklist that will help to report the results using DOE was designed and built. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the two first cases of pulmonary mycetoma by Scedosporium sp. in Peru who underwent surgery in the Hipolito Unanue National Hospital. Pulmonary resection was made as therapy of pulmonary mycetoma, and samples were sent for microbiological cultures and pathologic examination. Scedosporium fungus was identified in two patients with post-TB cavitary sequelae who presented cough and hemoptysis, with two months and three years of evolution respectively. Chest X ray showed cavitaries occupied by "fungus ball". Pathologic examination showed hifae not distinguishable from Aspergillus sp and the test for aspergillum inmunodiffusion was negative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present two different cases of involvement of the nervous system due to prostate cancer. We know that atypical metastases can also affect supraclavicular lymphatics, adrenal gland and testicles. In these cases we present a typical places in the nervous system. We musttake into account that sometimes the shape the presentation of symptoms can be confused with other pathologies. In some cases, this type of patient has never had a urological check-up and in our sagacity as doctors we come to find the origin of the problem: the prostate.