Search

Your search keyword '"Renner, Maik"' showing total 114 results
Start Over Author "Renner, Maik"

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »

more »
114 results on '"Renner, Maik"'

2. Geographic variation of surface energy partitioning in the climatic mean predicted from the maximum power limit

Author

Dhara, Chirag, Renner, Maik, and Kleidon, Axel

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

Convective and radiative cooling are the two principle mechanisms by which the Earth's surface transfers heat into the atmosphere and that shape surface temperature. However, this partitioning is not sufficiently constrained by energy and mass balances alone. We use a simple energy balance model in which convective fluxes and surface temperatures are determined with the additional thermodynamic limit of maximum convective power. We then show that the broad geographic variation of heat fluxes and surface temperatures in the climatological mean compare very well with the ERA-Interim reanalysis over land and ocean. We also show that the estimates depend considerably on the formulation of longwave radiative transfer and that a spatially uniform offset is related to the assumed cold temperature sink at which the heat engine operates., Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables

Published
2015

3. Impacts of climate and land surface change on catchment evapotranspiration and runoff from 1951 to 2020 in Saxony, Germany.

Author

Renner, Maik and Hauffe, Corina

Subjects
RUNOFF, EVAPORATIVE power, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, FOREST health, WATERSHEDS, CLIMATE change, FORESTED wetlands, CLIMATE change & health, DROUGHTS
Abstract

This paper addresses the question of how catchment-scale water and energy balances have responded to climatic and land surface changes over the last 70 years in the federal state of Saxony in eastern Germany. Therefore, observational data of hydrological and meteorological monitoring sites from 1951 to 2020 across 71 catchments are examined in a relative water- and energy-partitioning framework to put the recent drought-induced changes into a historical perspective. A comprehensive visualization method is used to analyze the observed time series. The study focuses on changes on a decadal timescale and finds the largest decline in observed runoff in the last decade (2011–2020). The observed decline can be explained by the significant increase in aridity, caused by the reduction in annual mean rainfall and a simultaneous increase in potential evaporation. In a few mainly forested headwater catchments, the observed decline in runoff was even stronger than predicted by climate conditions alone. These catchments are still recovering from past widespread forest damages sustained in the 1970s to 1980s, resulting in a continuous increase in actual evapotranspiration due to forest regrowth. On the contrary, runoff stayed almost constant in other catchments despite an increase in aridity. These results highlight that water budgets in Saxony are in an unstable, non-stationary regime due to significant climatic changes and the regional impacts of land surface changes such as forest health. The recent decreases in the mean annual runoff are substantial and must be taken into account by the authorities for freshwater management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Impacts of climate and land-surface change on catchment evapotranspiration and runoff from 1951-2020 in Saxony, Germany.

Author

Renner, Maik and Hauffe, Corina

Abstract

This paper addresses the question how catchment scale water and energy balance have responded to climatic and land-surface changes over the last 70 years in the federal state of Saxony, in eastern Germany. Therefore observational data of hydrological and meteorological monitoring sites from 1951-2020 across 71 catchments are examined in a relative water and energy partitioning framework to put the recent drought induced changes in a historical perspective. A comprehensive visualization method is used to analyze the observed time series. The study focuses on changes in decadal time scale and finds the largest decline in observed runoff in the last decade (2011-20). The observed decline can be explained by the significant increase in aridity, caused by the reduction of annual mean rainfall and an increase in potential evaporation at the same time. In a few mainly forested head water catchments the observed decline in runoff was even stronger than predicted by climate conditions alone. These catchments are still on the recovery from past widespread forest damages in the 1970-80s resulting in a continuous increase of actual evapotranspiration due to forest regrowth. In contrary runoff stayed almost constant in other catchments despite an increase in aridity. These catchments showed declines in actual evapotranspiration which could be signatures of either contributing groundwater at longer time scales or drought induced vegetation damages. These results highlight that water budgets in Saxony are in an unstable, non-stationary regime due to significant climatic changes and regional impacts of land-surface changes such as forest health. The recent decreases in the mean annual runoff are substantial and must be taken into account by the authorities for fresh water management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Assessing and Mitigating Ice-Jam Flood Hazards and Risks : A European Perspective

Author

Lindenschmidt, Karl-Erich, Alfredsen, Knut, Carstensen, Dirk, Chorynski, Adam, Gustafsson, David, Halicki, Michal, Hentschel, Bernd, Karjalainen, Niina, Koegel, Michael, Kolerski, Tomasz, Kornas-Dynia, Marika, Kubicki, Michal, Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W., Lauschke, Cornelia, Malinger, Albert, Marszelewski, Wlodzimierz, Moeldner, Fabian, Naslund-Landenmark, Barbro, Niedzielski, Tomasz, Parjanne, Antti, Pawlowski, Boguslaw, Pinskwar, Iwona, Remisz, Joanna, Renner, Maik, Roers, Michael, Rybacki, Maksymilian, Szalkiewicz, Ewelina, Szydlowski, Michal, Walusiak, Grzegorz, Witek, Matylda, Zagata, Mateusz, Zdralewicz, Maciej, Lindenschmidt, Karl-Erich, Alfredsen, Knut, Carstensen, Dirk, Chorynski, Adam, Gustafsson, David, Halicki, Michal, Hentschel, Bernd, Karjalainen, Niina, Koegel, Michael, Kolerski, Tomasz, Kornas-Dynia, Marika, Kubicki, Michal, Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W., Lauschke, Cornelia, Malinger, Albert, Marszelewski, Wlodzimierz, Moeldner, Fabian, Naslund-Landenmark, Barbro, Niedzielski, Tomasz, Parjanne, Antti, Pawlowski, Boguslaw, Pinskwar, Iwona, Remisz, Joanna, Renner, Maik, Roers, Michael, Rybacki, Maksymilian, Szalkiewicz, Ewelina, Szydlowski, Michal, Walusiak, Grzegorz, Witek, Matylda, Zagata, Mateusz, and Zdralewicz, Maciej

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Assessing and Mitigating Ice-Jam Flood Hazards and Risks: A European Perspective

Author

Lindenschmidt, Karl-Erich, primary, Alfredsen, Knut, additional, Carstensen, Dirk, additional, Choryński, Adam, additional, Gustafsson, David, additional, Halicki, Michał, additional, Hentschel, Bernd, additional, Karjalainen, Niina, additional, Kögel, Michael, additional, Kolerski, Tomasz, additional, Kornaś-Dynia, Marika, additional, Kubicki, Michał, additional, Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W., additional, Lauschke, Cornelia, additional, Malinger, Albert, additional, Marszelewski, Włodzimierz, additional, Möldner, Fabian, additional, Näslund-Landenmark, Barbro, additional, Niedzielski, Tomasz, additional, Parjanne, Antti, additional, Pawłowski, Bogusław, additional, Pińskwar, Iwona, additional, Remisz, Joanna, additional, Renner, Maik, additional, Roers, Michael, additional, Rybacki, Maksymilian, additional, Szałkiewicz, Ewelina, additional, Szydłowski, Michał, additional, Walusiak, Grzegorz, additional, Witek, Matylda, additional, Zagata, Mateusz, additional, and Zdralewicz, Maciej, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. sj-pdf-1-anr-10.1177_20530196211029678 – Supplemental material for Quantifying available energy and anthropogenic energy use in the Mississippi River Basin

Author

Turnbull, Thomas, Rosol, Christoph, Renn, Jürgen, Renner, Maik, Panwar, Annu, Katsikis, Nikos, Kleidon, Axel, and Schindler, Alexander

Subjects
Geography
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-anr-10.1177_20530196211029678 for Quantifying available energy and anthropogenic energy use in the Mississippi River Basin by Thomas Turnbull, Christoph Rosol, Jürgen Renn, Thomas Turnbull, Maik Renner, Annu Panwar, Nikos Katsikis, Axel Kleidon and Alexander Schindler in The Anthropocene Review

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Quantifying available energy and anthropogenic energy use in the Mississippi River Basin

Author

Turnbull, Thomas (author), Renner, Maik (author), Panwar, Annu (author), Katsikis, N. (author), Kleidon, Axel (author), Schindler, Alexander (author), Turnbull, Thomas (author), Renner, Maik (author), Panwar, Annu (author), Katsikis, N. (author), Kleidon, Axel (author), and Schindler, Alexander (author)

Abstract

The Mississippi River Basin is a vast near-planar surface, an area upon which sunlight falls and wind flows. Its gently banked geomorphology channels precipitation, sediment, biota, and human activity into a dynamic locus of regional Earth system interactions. This paper describes the major features of this region’s energy exchanges from a thermodynamic Earth systems perspective. This analysis is combined with descriptions of the historical and socio-political contexts that have helped shape energy use. In doing so, the paper contrasts the region’s available energy exchanges and flows with their anthropogenic diversion, providing an account of human impact at a regional scale. It also offers theoretical estimates of the potential availabilities of renewable energy. This is contrasted with a description of the geological formation of stocks of fossil energy in the region. On these bases, a number of maps are presented and an assessment of the region’s energy flows is offered. These exercises point to significant affordances for achieving regional de-fossilisation at the river basin scale., Urban Design

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH)–a community perspective

Author

Blöschl, Günter, Bierkens, Marc F.P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H.G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Josè, Széles, Borbála, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andréassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, Borges de Amorim, Pablo, Böttcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P.J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Gonzalez Bevacqua, Alena, González-Dugo, María P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Björn, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlaváčiková, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnová, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L.R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahé, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Müller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent O., Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, María J., Post, David, Prieto Sierra, Cristina, Ramos, Maria Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, José Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sá, João H.M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., Zhang, Yongqiang, Blöschl, Günter, Bierkens, Marc F.P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H.G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Josè, Széles, Borbála, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andréassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, Borges de Amorim, Pablo, Böttcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P.J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Gonzalez Bevacqua, Alena, González-Dugo, María P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Björn, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlaváčiková, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnová, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L.R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahé, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Müller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent O., Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, María J., Post, David, Prieto Sierra, Cristina, Ramos, Maria Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, José Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sá, João H.M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., and Zhang, Yongqiang

Abstract

This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.

Published
2019

21. Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) - a community perspective

Author

Bloeschl, Gunter, Bierkens, Marc F. P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H. G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Jose, Szeles, Borbala, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andreassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, de Amorim, Pablo Borges, Boettcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P. J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Bevacqua, Alena Gonzalez, Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Bjoern, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlavacikova, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnova, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L. R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahe, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Mueller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent, Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, Maria J., Post, David, Sierra, Cristina Prieto, Ramos, Maria-Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sa, Joao H. M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean-Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., Zhang, Yongqiang, Bloeschl, Gunter, Bierkens, Marc F. P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H. G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Jose, Szeles, Borbala, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andreassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, de Amorim, Pablo Borges, Boettcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P. J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Bevacqua, Alena Gonzalez, Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Bjoern, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlavacikova, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnova, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L. R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahe, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Mueller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent, Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, Maria J., Post, David, Sierra, Cristina Prieto, Ramos, Maria-Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sa, Joao H. M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean-Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., and Zhang, Yongqiang

Abstract

This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) - a community perspective

Author

Blösch, Günter, Bierkens, Marc F. P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H. G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Jose, Szeles, Borbala, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andreassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, de Amorim, Pablo Borges, Boettcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P. J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Bevacqua, Alena Gonzalez, Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Bjoern, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlavacikova, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnova, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L. R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahe, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Mueller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent O., Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, Maria J., Post, David, Sierra, Cristina Prieto, Ramos, Maria-Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, Jose Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sa, Joao H. M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean-Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., Zhang, Yongqiang, Blösch, Günter, Bierkens, Marc F. P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H. G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Jose, Szeles, Borbala, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andreassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, de Amorim, Pablo Borges, Boettcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P. J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Bevacqua, Alena Gonzalez, Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Bjoern, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlavacikova, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnova, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L. R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahe, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Mueller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent O., Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, Maria J., Post, David, Sierra, Cristina Prieto, Ramos, Maria-Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, Jose Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sa, Joao H. M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean-Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., and Zhang, Yongqiang

Abstract

This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH)–a community perspective

Author

Hydrologie, Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology, Blöschl, Günter, Bierkens, Marc F.P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H.G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Josè, Széles, Borbála, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andréassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, Borges de Amorim, Pablo, Böttcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P.J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Gonzalez Bevacqua, Alena, González-Dugo, María P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Björn, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlaváčiková, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnová, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L.R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahé, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Müller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent O., Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, María J., Post, David, Prieto Sierra, Cristina, Ramos, Maria Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, José Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sá, João H.M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., Zhang, Yongqiang, Hydrologie, Landscape functioning, Geocomputation and Hydrology, Blöschl, Günter, Bierkens, Marc F.P., Chambel, Antonio, Cudennec, Christophe, Destouni, Georgia, Fiori, Aldo, Kirchner, James W., McDonnell, Jeffrey J., Savenije, Hubert H.G., Sivapalan, Murugesu, Stumpp, Christine, Toth, Elena, Volpi, Elena, Carr, Gemma, Lupton, Claire, Salinas, Josè, Széles, Borbála, Viglione, Alberto, Aksoy, Hafzullah, Allen, Scott T., Amin, Anam, Andréassian, Vazken, Arheimer, Berit, Aryal, Santosh K., Baker, Victor, Bardsley, Earl, Barendrecht, Marlies H., Bartosova, Alena, Batelaan, Okke, Berghuijs, Wouter R., Beven, Keith, Blume, Theresa, Bogaard, Thom, Borges de Amorim, Pablo, Böttcher, Michael E., Boulet, Gilles, Breinl, Korbinian, Brilly, Mitja, Brocca, Luca, Buytaert, Wouter, Castellarin, Attilio, Castelletti, Andrea, Chen, Xiaohong, Chen, Yangbo, Chen, Yuanfang, Chifflard, Peter, Claps, Pierluigi, Clark, Martyn P., Collins, Adrian L., Croke, Barry, Dathe, Annette, David, Paula C., de Barros, Felipe P.J., de Rooij, Gerrit, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, Driscoll, Jessica M., Duethmann, Doris, Dwivedi, Ravindra, Eris, Ebru, Farmer, William H., Feiccabrino, James, Ferguson, Grant, Ferrari, Ennio, Ferraris, Stefano, Fersch, Benjamin, Finger, David, Foglia, Laura, Fowler, Keirnan, Gartsman, Boris, Gascoin, Simon, Gaume, Eric, Gelfan, Alexander, Geris, Josie, Gharari, Shervan, Gleeson, Tom, Glendell, Miriam, Gonzalez Bevacqua, Alena, González-Dugo, María P., Grimaldi, Salvatore, Gupta, A. B., Guse, Björn, Han, Dawei, Hannah, David, Harpold, Adrian, Haun, Stefan, Heal, Kate, Helfricht, Kay, Herrnegger, Mathew, Hipsey, Matthew, Hlaváčiková, Hana, Hohmann, Clara, Holko, Ladislav, Hopkinson, Christopher, Hrachowitz, Markus, Illangasekare, Tissa H., Inam, Azhar, Innocente, Camyla, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, Jarihani, Ben, Kalantari, Zahra, Kalvans, Andis, Khanal, Sonu, Khatami, Sina, Kiesel, Jens, Kirkby, Mike, Knoben, Wouter, Kochanek, Krzysztof, Kohnová, Silvia, Kolechkina, Alla, Krause, Stefan, Kreamer, David, Kreibich, Heidi, Kunstmann, Harald, Lange, Holger, Liberato, Margarida L.R., Lindquist, Eric, Link, Timothy, Liu, Junguo, Loucks, Daniel Peter, Luce, Charles, Mahé, Gil, Makarieva, Olga, Malard, Julien, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, Maskey, Shreedhar, Mas-Pla, Josep, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, Mernild, Sebastian, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, Montanari, Alberto, Müller-Thomy, Hannes, Nabizadeh, Alireza, Nardi, Fernando, Neale, Christopher, Nesterova, Nataliia, Nurtaev, Bakhram, Odongo, Vincent O., Panda, Subhabrata, Pande, Saket, Pang, Zhonghe, Papacharalampous, Georgia, Perrin, Charles, Pfister, Laurent, Pimentel, Rafael, Polo, María J., Post, David, Prieto Sierra, Cristina, Ramos, Maria Helena, Renner, Maik, Reynolds, José Eduardo, Ridolfi, Elena, Rigon, Riccardo, Riva, Monica, Robertson, David E., Rosso, Renzo, Roy, Tirthankar, Sá, João H.M., Salvadori, Gianfausto, Sandells, Mel, Schaefli, Bettina, Schumann, Andreas, Scolobig, Anna, Seibert, Jan, Servat, Eric, Shafiei, Mojtaba, Sharma, Ashish, Sidibe, Moussa, Sidle, Roy C., Skaugen, Thomas, Smith, Hugh, Spiessl, Sabine M., Stein, Lina, Steinsland, Ingelin, Strasser, Ulrich, Su, Bob, Szolgay, Jan, Tarboton, David, Tauro, Flavia, Thirel, Guillaume, Tian, Fuqiang, Tong, Rui, Tussupova, Kamshat, Tyralis, Hristos, Uijlenhoet, Remko, van Beek, Rens, van der Ent, Ruud J., van der Ploeg, Martine, Van Loon, Anne F., van Meerveld, Ilja, van Nooijen, Ronald, van Oel, Pieter R., Vidal, Jean Philippe, von Freyberg, Jana, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, Wade, Andrew J., Ward, Philip, Westerberg, Ida K., White, Christopher, Wood, Eric F., Woods, Ross, Xu, Zongxue, Yilmaz, Koray K., and Zhang, Yongqiang

Published
2019

24. Uncertainty of runoff sensitivity to climate change in the Amazon River basin.

Author

Carmona, Alejandra M., Renner, Maik, Kleidon, Axel, and Poveda, Germán

Subjects
*CLIMATE sensitivity, *CLIMATE change, *RUNOFF, *EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, *WATERSHEDS
Abstract

We employ the approach of Roderick and Farquhar (2011) to assess the sensitivity of runoff (R) given changes in precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (Ep), and other properties that change the partitioning of P (n) by estimating coefficients that predict the weight of each variable in the relative change of R. We use this framework using different data sources and products for P, actual evapotranspiration (E), and Ep within the Amazon River basin to quantify the uncertainty of the hydrologic response at the subcatchment scale. We show that when estimating results from the different combinations of datasets for the entire river basin (at Óbidos), a 10% increase in P would increase R on average 16%, while a 10% increase in Ep would decrease R about 6%. In addition, a 10% change in the parameter n would affect the hydrological response of the entire basin around 5%. However, results change from catchment to catchment and are dependent on the combination of datasets. Finally, results suggest that enhanced estimates of E and Ep are needed to improve our understanding of the future scenarios of hydrological sensitivity with implications for the quantification of climate change impacts at the regional (subcatchment and subbasin) scale in Amazonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) – a community perspective

Author

Blöschl, Günter, primary, Bierkens, Marc F.P., additional, Chambel, Antonio, additional, Cudennec, Christophe, additional, Destouni, Georgia, additional, Fiori, Aldo, additional, Kirchner, James W., additional, McDonnell, Jeffrey J., additional, Savenije, Hubert H.G., additional, Sivapalan, Murugesu, additional, Stumpp, Christine, additional, Toth, Elena, additional, Volpi, Elena, additional, Carr, Gemma, additional, Lupton, Claire, additional, Salinas, Josè, additional, Széles, Borbála, additional, Viglione, Alberto, additional, Aksoy, Hafzullah, additional, Allen, Scott T., additional, Amin, Anam, additional, Andréassian, Vazken, additional, Arheimer, Berit, additional, Aryal, Santosh K., additional, Baker, Victor, additional, Bardsley, Earl, additional, Barendrecht, Marlies H., additional, Bartosova, Alena, additional, Batelaan, Okke, additional, Berghuijs, Wouter R., additional, Beven, Keith, additional, Blume, Theresa, additional, Bogaard, Thom, additional, Borges de Amorim, Pablo, additional, Böttcher, Michael E., additional, Boulet, Gilles, additional, Breinl, Korbinian, additional, Brilly, Mitja, additional, Brocca, Luca, additional, Buytaert, Wouter, additional, Castellarin, Attilio, additional, Castelletti, Andrea, additional, Chen, Xiaohong, additional, Chen, Yangbo, additional, Chen, Yuanfang, additional, Chifflard, Peter, additional, Claps, Pierluigi, additional, Clark, Martyn P., additional, Collins, Adrian L., additional, Croke, Barry, additional, Dathe, Annette, additional, David, Paula C., additional, de Barros, Felipe P. J., additional, de Rooij, Gerrit, additional, Di Baldassarre, Giuliano, additional, Driscoll, Jessica M., additional, Duethmann, Doris, additional, Dwivedi, Ravindra, additional, Eris, Ebru, additional, Farmer, William H., additional, Feiccabrino, James, additional, Ferguson, Grant, additional, Ferrari, Ennio, additional, Ferraris, Stefano, additional, Fersch, Benjamin, additional, Finger, David, additional, Foglia, Laura, additional, Fowler, Keirnan, additional, Gartsman, Boris, additional, Gascoin, Simon, additional, Gaume, Eric, additional, Gelfan, Alexander, additional, Geris, Josie, additional, Gharari, Shervan, additional, Gleeson, Tom, additional, Glendell, Miriam, additional, Gonzalez Bevacqua, Alena, additional, González-Dugo, María P., additional, Grimaldi, Salvatore, additional, Gupta, A. B., additional, Guse, Björn, additional, Han, Dawei, additional, Hannah, David, additional, Harpold, Adrian, additional, Haun, Stefan, additional, Heal, Kate, additional, Helfricht, Kay, additional, Herrnegger, Mathew, additional, Hipsey, Matthew, additional, Hlaváčiková, Hana, additional, Hohmann, Clara, additional, Holko, Ladislav, additional, Hopkinson, Christopher, additional, Hrachowitz, Markus, additional, Illangasekare, Tissa H., additional, Inam, Azhar, additional, Innocente, Camyla, additional, Istanbulluoglu, Erkan, additional, Jarihani, Ben, additional, Kalantari, Zahra, additional, Kalvans, Andis, additional, Khanal, Sonu, additional, Khatami, Sina, additional, Kiesel, Jens, additional, Kirkby, Mike, additional, Knoben, Wouter, additional, Kochanek, Krzysztof, additional, Kohnová, Silvia, additional, Kolechkina, Alla, additional, Krause, Stefan, additional, Kreamer, David, additional, Kreibich, Heidi, additional, Kunstmann, Harald, additional, Lange, Holger, additional, Liberato, Margarida L. R., additional, Lindquist, Eric, additional, Link, Timothy, additional, Liu, Junguo, additional, Loucks, Daniel Peter, additional, Luce, Charles, additional, Mahé, Gil, additional, Makarieva, Olga, additional, Malard, Julien, additional, Mashtayeva, Shamshagul, additional, Maskey, Shreedhar, additional, Mas-Pla, Josep, additional, Mavrova-Guirguinova, Maria, additional, Mazzoleni, Maurizio, additional, Mernild, Sebastian, additional, Misstear, Bruce Dudley, additional, Montanari, Alberto, additional, Müller-Thomy, Hannes, additional, Nabizadeh, Alireza, additional, Nardi, Fernando, additional, Neale, Christopher, additional, Nesterova, Nataliia, additional, Nurtaev, Bakhram, additional, Odongo, Vincent O., additional, Panda, Subhabrata, additional, Pande, Saket, additional, Pang, Zhonghe, additional, Papacharalampous, Georgia, additional, Perrin, Charles, additional, Pfister, Laurent, additional, Pimentel, Rafael, additional, Polo, María J., additional, Post, David, additional, Prieto Sierra, Cristina, additional, Ramos, Maria-Helena, additional, Renner, Maik, additional, Reynolds, José Eduardo, additional, Ridolfi, Elena, additional, Rigon, Riccardo, additional, Riva, Monica, additional, Robertson, David E., additional, Rosso, Renzo, additional, Roy, Tirthankar, additional, Sá, João H.M., additional, Salvadori, Gianfausto, additional, Sandells, Mel, additional, Schaefli, Bettina, additional, Schumann, Andreas, additional, Scolobig, Anna, additional, Seibert, Jan, additional, Servat, Eric, additional, Shafiei, Mojtaba, additional, Sharma, Ashish, additional, Sidibe, Moussa, additional, Sidle, Roy C., additional, Skaugen, Thomas, additional, Smith, Hugh, additional, Spiessl, Sabine M., additional, Stein, Lina, additional, Steinsland, Ingelin, additional, Strasser, Ulrich, additional, Su, Bob, additional, Szolgay, Jan, additional, Tarboton, David, additional, Tauro, Flavia, additional, Thirel, Guillaume, additional, Tian, Fuqiang, additional, Tong, Rui, additional, Tussupova, Kamshat, additional, Tyralis, Hristos, additional, Uijlenhoet, Remko, additional, van Beek, Rens, additional, van der Ent, Ruud J., additional, van der Ploeg, Martine, additional, Van Loon, Anne F., additional, van Meerveld, Ilja, additional, van Nooijen, Ronald, additional, van Oel, Pieter R., additional, Vidal, Jean-Philippe, additional, von Freyberg, Jana, additional, Vorogushyn, Sergiy, additional, Wachniew, Przemyslaw, additional, Wade, Andrew J., additional, Ward, Philip, additional, Westerberg, Ida K., additional, White, Christopher, additional, Wood, Eric F., additional, Woods, Ross, additional, Xu, Zongxue, additional, Yilmaz, Koray K., additional, and Zhang, Yongqiang, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. ESD Reviews: Thermodynamic optimality in Earth sciences. The missing constraints in modeling Earth system dynamics?

Author

Westhoff, Martijn, primary, Kleidon, Axel, additional, Schymanski, Stan, additional, Dewals, Benjamin, additional, Nijsse, Femke, additional, Renner, Maik, additional, Dijkstra, Henk, additional, Ozawa, Hisashi, additional, Savenije, Hubert, additional, Dolman, Han, additional, Meesters, Antoon, additional, and Zehe, Erwin, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Imprints of evaporation and vegetation type in diurnal temperature variations.

Author

Panwar, Annu, Renner, Maik, and Kleidon, Axel

Abstract

Diurnal temperature variations are strongly shaped by the absorption of solar radiation, but evaporation, or the latent heat flux, also plays an important role. Generally, evaporation cools. Its relation to diurnal temperature variations, however, is unclear. This study investigates the diurnal response of surface and air temperatures to evaporation for different vegetation types. We used the warming rate of temperature to absorbed solar radiation in the morning under clear-sky conditions and evaluated how the warming rates change for different evaporative fractions. Results for 51 FLUXNET sites show that the diurnal variation of air temperature carries very weak imprints of evaporation across all vegetation types. However, surface temperature warming rates of short vegetation decrease significantly by ~ 23 x 10-3 K/W m-2 from dry to wet conditions. Contrarily, warming rates of surface and air temperatures are similar at forest sites and carry literally no imprints of evaporation. We explain these contrasting patterns with a surface energy balance model. The model reveals a strong sensitivity of the warming rates to evaporative fraction and aerodynamic conductance. However, for forests the sensitivity to evaporative fraction is strongly reduced by 74 % due to their large aerodynamic conductance. The remaining imprint is reduced further by ~ 50 % through their enhanced aerodynamic conductance under dry conditions. Our model then compares the individual contributions of solar radiation, evaporation and vegetation types in shaping the diurnal temperature range. These findings have implications for the interpretation of land-atmosphere interactions and the influences of water limitation and vegetation on diurnal temperatures, which is of key importance for ecological functioning. We conclude that diurnal temperature variations may be useful to predict evaporation for short vegetation. In forests, however, the diurnal variations in temperatures are mainly governed by their aerodynamic properties resulting in no imprint of evaporation in diurnal temperature variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. ESD Reviews: Thermodynamic optimality in Earth sciences. The missing constraints in modeling Earth system dynamics?

Author

Westhoff, Martijn, Kleidon, Axel, Schymanski, Stan, Dewals, Benjamin, Nijsse, Femke, Renner, Maik, Dijkstra, Henk, Hisashi Ozawa, Savenije, Hubert, Dolman, Han, Meesters, Antoon, and Zehe, Erwin

Subjects
MAXIMUM entropy method, SYSTEM dynamics, THERMODYNAMIC potentials, EARTH sciences, ENERGY dissipation, ENERGY conversion
Abstract

Thermodynamic optimality principles have been often used in Earth sciences to estimate model parameters or fluxes. Applications range from optimizing atmospheric meridional heat fluxes to sediment transport and from optimizing spatial flow patterns to dispersion coefficients for fresh and salt water mixing. However, it is not always clear what has to be optimized and how. In this paper we aimed to clarify terminology used in the literature and to infer how these principles have been used and when they give proper predictions of observed fluxes and states. We distinguish roughly four classes of applications: predictions using a flux-gradient feedback, predictions using a constant thermodynamic potential boundary conditions, predictions based on information theoretical approaches and comparative studies quantifying entropy production rates from observations at different sites. Here we mainly focus on the flux-gradient feedback, since it results in clear physical limits of energy conversion rates occurring in the Earth system and its subsystems. We show that within the flux-gradient feedback application, maximum entropy production is in many cases equivalent to maximum power and maximum energy dissipation. We advocate the maximum power principle above the more widely used maximum entropy production principle because entropy can be produced by all kinds of fluxes, but only optimized fluxes performing work coincided with observations. Furthermore, the maximum power principle links to the maximum amount of free energy that can be converted into another form of energy. This clearly separates the well defined physical conversion limit from the hypothesis that a system evolves to that limit of maximum power. Although attempts have been made to fundamentally explain why a system would evolve to such a maximum in power, there is still no consensus. Nevertheless, we think that when the maximum power approach is correctly and consistently used, the positive (or negative) results will speak for themselves. We end this review with some open research questions that may guide further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Land use effects and climate impacts on evapotranspiration and catchment water balance

Author

Renner, Maik, Bernhofer, Christian, Bronstert, Axel, Seppelt, Ralf, and Technische Universität Dresden

Subjects
Verdunstung, Wasserhaushalt, Abfluss, Zeitreihenanalyse, Saisonalität, Klimaänderungen, Landoberflächenänderungen, Budyko, Landnutzung, climate change, Budyko hypothesis, land use, LULC, hydrology, meteorology, water balance, evapotranspiration, streamflow time series analysis, seasonality, ddc:710
Abstract

Evapotranspiration ET is a dominant Earth System process that couples the water and energy cycles at the earth surface. The pressure of global environmental changes foster the broad scientific aim to understand impacts of climate and land-use on evapotranspiration under transient conditions. In this work, the spatial scale of river catchments is addressed through data analysis of hydrological and meteorological archives with ET classically derived through water balance closure. Through a synthesis of various catchments with different climatic forcings and hydrological conditions, the core objectives of this thesis are: - Did environmental changes in the past, such as climatic- or land-use and land cover (LULC) changes, result in detectable non-stationary changes in the hydro-climate time series? - How can the impacts of climatic- from LULC changes on the hydroclimatology of catchments be separated? - What are the factors that control the sensitivity of ET and streamflow to external changes? These research questions are addressed for the climatic scales of long-term annual averages and seasonal conditions which characterise the hydroclimatology of river catchments. Illustrated by a rich hydro-climatic archive condensed for 27 small to medium sized river catchments in Saxony, a method is proposed to analyse the seasonal features of river flow allowing to detect shifting seasons in snow affected river basins in the last 90 years. Observations of snow depth at these same times lead to the conclusion, that changes in the annual cycle of air temperature have a large influence on the timing of the freeze-thaw in late winter and early spring. This causes large changes in storage of water in the snow pack, which leads to profound changes of the river regime, particularly affecting the river flow in the following months. A model-based data analysis, based on the fundamental principles of water and energy conservation for long-term average conditions, is proposed for the prediction of ET and streamflow, as well as the separation of climate related impacts from impacts resulting from changes in basin conditions. The framework was tested on a large data set of river catchments in the continental US and is shown to be consistent with other methods proposed in the literature. The observed past changes highlight that (i) changes in climate, such as precipitation or evaporative demand, result in changes of the partitioning within the water and energy balance, (ii) the aridity of the climate and to a lesser degree basin conditions determine the sensitivity to external changes, (iii) these controlling factors influence the direction of LULC change impacts, which in some cases can be larger than climate impacts. This work provides evidence, that changes in climatic and land cover conditions can lead to transient hydrological behaviours and make stationary assumptions invalid. Hence, past changes present the opportunity for model testing and thereby deriving fundamental laws and concepts at the scale of interest, which are not affected by changes in the boundary conditions.:Kurzfassung Abstract List of Manuscripts Symbols and abbreviations List of Symbols List of abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation and relevance 1.1.1 Scientific importance of evapotranspiration 1.1.2 Pressure of human driven changes 1.1.3 Practical importance of evapotranspiration 1.2 Scope 1.2.1 Focus on the catchment scale 1.2.2 Changes in the hydroclimatology of river catchments 1.2.3 Hydro-climate data analysis 1.3 Objectives and research questions 1.3.1 Shifting seasons in hydrology 1.3.2 Long-term annual average changes of evapotranspiration and streamflow 1.3.3 Methodological requirements 1.4 Structure of the thesis 2 Long term variability of the annual hydrological regime 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Motivation 2.1.2 Seasonal changes in hydrologic records 2.1.3 Regional climate in Saxony 2.1.4 Objective and structure 2.2 Methods 2.2.1 Annual periodic signal extraction 2.2.2 The runoff ratio and its annual phase 2.2.3 Descriptive circular statistics 2.2.4 Detection of nonstationarities, trends and change points 2.3 Data 2.4.1 Estimation and variability of the timing of the runoff ratio 2.4.2 Temporal variability of the timing 2.4.3 Does temperature explain trends in seasonality of runoff ratio? 2.4.4 Trend analysis in snow dominated basins 2.4.5 Uncertainty and significance of the results 2.5 Conclusions 2.A Preparation of basin input data 2.A.1 Precipitation 2.A.2 Temperature and snow depth data 3 Evaluation of water-energy balance frameworks 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Theory 3.2.1 Coupled water and energy balance 3.2.2 The ecohydrologic framework for change attribution 3.2.3 Applying the climate change hypothesis to predict changes in basin evapo transpiration and streamflow 3.2.4 Derivation of climatic sensitivity using the CCUW hypothesis 3.2.5 The Budyko hypothesis and derived sensitivities 3.3 Sensitivity analysis 3.3.1 Mapping of the Budyko functions into UW space 3.3.2 Mapping CCUW into Budyko space 3.3.3 Climatic sensitivity of basin evapotranspiration and streamflow 3.3.4 Climate-vegetation feedback effects 3.4 Application: three case studies 3.4.1 Mississippi River Basin (MRB) 3.4.2 Headwaters of the Yellow River Basin (HYRB) 3.4.3 Murray-Darling River Basin (MDB) 3.5 Conclusions 3.5.1 Potentials and limitations 3.5.2 Insights on the catchment parameter 3.5.3 Validation 3.5.4 Perspectives 3.A Derivation of the climate change direction 4 Climate sensitivity of streamflow over the continental United States 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Motivation 4.1.2 Hydro-climate of the continental US 4.1.3 Aims and research questions 4.2 Methods 4.2.1 Ecohydrological concept to separate impacts of climate and basin changes 4.2.2 Streamflow change prediction based on a coupled water-energy balance framework 4.2.3 Streamflow change prediction based on the Budyko hypothesis 4.2.4 Statistical classification of potential climate and basin change impacts 4.3 Data 4.4 Results and discussion 4.4.1 Hydro-climate conditions in the US 4.4.2 Climate sensitivity of streamflow 4.4.3 Assessment of observed and predicted changes in streamflow 4.4.4 Uncertainty discussion 4.5 Conclusions 4.A Mathematical derivations for the Mezentsev function 5 Summary and conclusions 5.1 Shifting seasons in hydrology 5.1.1 Major findings 5.1.2 Socio-economic and political relevance 5.1.3 Limitations and possible directions for further research 5.2 Long-term annual changes in ET and streamflow 5.2.1 Major findings 5.2.2 Socio-economic and political relevance 5.2.3 Limitations and further research 5.3 General conclusions and outlook 5.3.1 Regional and temporal limits and validity 5.3.2 Hydrological records carry signals of climate and land use change 5.3.3 Statistical significance of past changes 5.3.4 Improvements in assessing ET 5.3.5 Remote sensing 5.3.6 Learning from the past to predict the future? Bibliography Danksagung Erklärung Die Verdunstung ist ein maßgeblicher Prozess innerhalb des Klimasystems der Erde, welche den Wasserkreislauf mit dem Energiehaushalt der Erde verbindet. Eine zentrale wissenschaftliche Herausforderung ist, zu verstehen, wie die regionale Wasserverfügbarkeit durch Änderungen des Klimas oder der physiographischen Eigenschaften der Landoberfläche beeinflusst wird. Mittels einer integrierten Datenanalyse von vorhandenen langjährigen Archiven hydroklimatischer Zeitreihen werden die folgenden wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen dieser Dissertation diskutiert: - Haben beobachtete Änderungen der Landoberfläche und des Klimas zu nachweisbaren, instationären hydroklimatischen Änderungen geführt? - Lassen sich die hydroklimatischen Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen und Änderungen der Landoberfläche voneinander unterscheiden? - Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die Sensitivität von Abfluss und Verdunstung auf Veränderungen der klimatischen und physiographischen Randbedingungen? Hierbei fokussiert sich die Arbeit auf Änderungen im langjährige Mittel und im Jahresgang von hydroklimatischen Variablen auf der räumlichen Skala von Flusseinzugsgebieten. Zur Untersuchung des hydrologischen Regimes wurde ein harmonischer Filter angewandt, der es erlaubt, die Eintrittszeit des Jahresgangs (Phase) zu quantifizieren. Diese klimatologische Kenngröße wurde für eine Vielzahl von Einzugsgebieten in Sachsen untersucht, wobei sich vor allem für die Gebiete in den Kammlagen des Erzgebirges signifikante Veränderungen ergaben. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die signifikante Phasenverschiebung der Temperatur seit Ende der 1980er Jahre zu einer verfrühten Schneeschmelze und dadurch zu einem Rückgang des Abflusses bis in die Sommermonate hinein geführt hat. Desweiteren wurde eine modellbasierte Datenanalyse entwickelt, welche auf Massen- und Energieerhalt von Einzugsgebieten im langjährigen Mittel beruht. Das entwickelte Konzept erlaubt es, Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen von anderen Effekten, welche z.B. durch Landnutzungsänderungen bedingt sind, abzugrenzen und zu quantifizieren. Die Ergebnisse einer Sensitivitätsanalyse dieses Konzeptes sowie die Anwendung auf einen umfangreichen hydroklimatischen Datensatz der USA zeigen: (i) Veränderungen im Wasser- oder Energiedargebot beeinflussen auch die Aufteilung der Wasser- und Energieflüsse. (ii) Die Aridität des Klimas und nachgeordnet die physiographischen Faktoren bestimmen die Sensitivität von Verdunstung und Abfluss. (iii) Beide Faktoren beeinflussen die Stärke und Richtung der Auswirkungen von physiographischen Änderungen. (iv) Anthropogene Veränderungen der Landoberfläche führten zum Teil zu stärkeren Auswirkungen als klimatisch bedingte Änderungen. Zusammenfassend zeigt sich, dass Änderungen von Landnutzung und Klima zu Verschiebungen im Wasserhaushalt führen können und damit auch die Annahme von Stationarität verletzen. Hydroklimatische Veränderungen bieten aber auch eine Gelegenheit zum Testen von Theorien und Modellen, um somit die grundlegenden Zusammenhänge zu erkennen, welche nicht durch Änderungen der Randbedingungen hinfällig werden.:Kurzfassung Abstract List of Manuscripts Symbols and abbreviations List of Symbols List of abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation and relevance 1.1.1 Scientific importance of evapotranspiration 1.1.2 Pressure of human driven changes 1.1.3 Practical importance of evapotranspiration 1.2 Scope 1.2.1 Focus on the catchment scale 1.2.2 Changes in the hydroclimatology of river catchments 1.2.3 Hydro-climate data analysis 1.3 Objectives and research questions 1.3.1 Shifting seasons in hydrology 1.3.2 Long-term annual average changes of evapotranspiration and streamflow 1.3.3 Methodological requirements 1.4 Structure of the thesis 2 Long term variability of the annual hydrological regime 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Motivation 2.1.2 Seasonal changes in hydrologic records 2.1.3 Regional climate in Saxony 2.1.4 Objective and structure 2.2 Methods 2.2.1 Annual periodic signal extraction 2.2.2 The runoff ratio and its annual phase 2.2.3 Descriptive circular statistics 2.2.4 Detection of nonstationarities, trends and change points 2.3 Data 2.4.1 Estimation and variability of the timing of the runoff ratio 2.4.2 Temporal variability of the timing 2.4.3 Does temperature explain trends in seasonality of runoff ratio? 2.4.4 Trend analysis in snow dominated basins 2.4.5 Uncertainty and significance of the results 2.5 Conclusions 2.A Preparation of basin input data 2.A.1 Precipitation 2.A.2 Temperature and snow depth data 3 Evaluation of water-energy balance frameworks 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Theory 3.2.1 Coupled water and energy balance 3.2.2 The ecohydrologic framework for change attribution 3.2.3 Applying the climate change hypothesis to predict changes in basin evapo transpiration and streamflow 3.2.4 Derivation of climatic sensitivity using the CCUW hypothesis 3.2.5 The Budyko hypothesis and derived sensitivities 3.3 Sensitivity analysis 3.3.1 Mapping of the Budyko functions into UW space 3.3.2 Mapping CCUW into Budyko space 3.3.3 Climatic sensitivity of basin evapotranspiration and streamflow 3.3.4 Climate-vegetation feedback effects 3.4 Application: three case studies 3.4.1 Mississippi River Basin (MRB) 3.4.2 Headwaters of the Yellow River Basin (HYRB) 3.4.3 Murray-Darling River Basin (MDB) 3.5 Conclusions 3.5.1 Potentials and limitations 3.5.2 Insights on the catchment parameter 3.5.3 Validation 3.5.4 Perspectives 3.A Derivation of the climate change direction 4 Climate sensitivity of streamflow over the continental United States 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Motivation 4.1.2 Hydro-climate of the continental US 4.1.3 Aims and research questions 4.2 Methods 4.2.1 Ecohydrological concept to separate impacts of climate and basin changes 4.2.2 Streamflow change prediction based on a coupled water-energy balance framework 4.2.3 Streamflow change prediction based on the Budyko hypothesis 4.2.4 Statistical classification of potential climate and basin change impacts 4.3 Data 4.4 Results and discussion 4.4.1 Hydro-climate conditions in the US 4.4.2 Climate sensitivity of streamflow 4.4.3 Assessment of observed and predicted changes in streamflow 4.4.4 Uncertainty discussion 4.5 Conclusions 4.A Mathematical derivations for the Mezentsev function 5 Summary and conclusions 5.1 Shifting seasons in hydrology 5.1.1 Major findings 5.1.2 Socio-economic and political relevance 5.1.3 Limitations and possible directions for further research 5.2 Long-term annual changes in ET and streamflow 5.2.1 Major findings 5.2.2 Socio-economic and political relevance 5.2.3 Limitations and further research 5.3 General conclusions and outlook 5.3.1 Regional and temporal limits and validity 5.3.2 Hydrological records carry signals of climate and land use change 5.3.3 Statistical significance of past changes 5.3.4 Improvements in assessing ET 5.3.5 Remote sensing 5.3.6 Learning from the past to predict the future? Bibliography Danksagung Erklärung

Published
2013

45. Understanding model biases in the diurnal cycle of evapotranspiration: a case study in Luxembourg.

Author

Renner, Maik, Brenner, Claire, Mallick, Kaniska, Wizemann, Hans-Dieter, Conte, Luigi, Trebs, Ivonne, Jianhui Wei, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Schulz, Karsten, and Kleidon, Axel

Abstract

The diurnal forcing of solar radiation is the largest signal within the Earth system and dominates the diurnal cycle of the turbulent heat fluxes and evapotranspiration (λE) over land. Incoming solar radiation (Rsd) also shapes temperature, vapor pressure deficit and wind speed known as important controls on λE. Current process-based λE schemes used in remote sensing and land-surface modeling differ in how these controls on λE are represented and which input variables are required. Here, we analyze how well different surface energy balance schemes are able to reproduce the diurnal cycle and how the diurnal signals of observed input variables actually influence the resulting diurnal pattern of λE. As additional constraint for model evaluation we estimate a linear and a non-linear phase shift component of a surface variable (e.g. λE) to incoming solar radiation. We illustrate our analysis with observations from an eddy covariance station at a temperate grassland site in Luxembourg with a focus on clear sky conditions. During the field campaign in 2015 a summer drought led to a dry-down of soil moisture which allows for studying the effect of wet and dry conditions on the diurnal cycle. We found a remarkable, almost linear relationship of λE with Rsd, which exhibits a significant positive phase lag during wet periods. This phase lag in λE was compensated by a preceding phase lag of the sensible heat flux. Vapor pressure deficit (Da, often used as input for Penman-Monteith based approaches) exhibits a strong phase lag, which is driven by air temperature reflecting large diurnal heat storage changes in the lower atmosphere. This large phase lag in Da, which is not seen in λE, explains why actual and potential evapotranspiration approaches can show systematic deviations from observations at the sub-daily time scale and highlight the need for a time-dependent non-linear compensation through the conductance parameterization. The surface to air temperature gradient used as input in energy balance residual approaches corresponds rather well with its linear response and phase lag to the observed sensible heat flux under both, wet and dry conditions. This simplifies the conductance parameterization and explains the better correlation of these models at the sub-daily time scale. We conclude that the analysis of phase lags at the sub-daily time-scale provides valuable information on the drivers of the surface-atmosphere exchange, which can be used to evaluate and improve the representation of land-atmosphere coupling in land-surface schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

48. Land use effects and climate impacts on evapotranspiration and catchment water balance

Author

Bernhofer, Christian, Bronstert, Axel, Seppelt, Ralf, Technische Universität Dresden, Renner, Maik, Bernhofer, Christian, Bronstert, Axel, Seppelt, Ralf, Technische Universität Dresden, and Renner, Maik

Abstract

Evapotranspiration ET is a dominant Earth System process that couples the water and energy cycles at the earth surface. The pressure of global environmental changes foster the broad scientific aim to understand impacts of climate and land-use on evapotranspiration under transient conditions. In this work, the spatial scale of river catchments is addressed through data analysis of hydrological and meteorological archives with ET classically derived through water balance closure. Through a synthesis of various catchments with different climatic forcings and hydrological conditions, the core objectives of this thesis are: - Did environmental changes in the past, such as climatic- or land-use and land cover (LULC) changes, result in detectable non-stationary changes in the hydro-climate time series? - How can the impacts of climatic- from LULC changes on the hydroclimatology of catchments be separated? - What are the factors that control the sensitivity of ET and streamflow to external changes? These research questions are addressed for the climatic scales of long-term annual averages and seasonal conditions which characterise the hydroclimatology of river catchments. Illustrated by a rich hydro-climatic archive condensed for 27 small to medium sized river catchments in Saxony, a method is proposed to analyse the seasonal features of river flow allowing to detect shifting seasons in snow affected river basins in the last 90 years. Observations of snow depth at these same times lead to the conclusion, that changes in the annual cycle of air temperature have a large influence on the timing of the freeze-thaw in late winter and early spring. This causes large changes in storage of water in the snow pack, which leads to profound changes of the river regime, particularly affecting the river flow in the following months. A model-based data analysis, based on the fundamental principles of water and energy conservation for long-term average conditions, is proposed for the predi, Die Verdunstung ist ein maßgeblicher Prozess innerhalb des Klimasystems der Erde, welche den Wasserkreislauf mit dem Energiehaushalt der Erde verbindet. Eine zentrale wissenschaftliche Herausforderung ist, zu verstehen, wie die regionale Wasserverfügbarkeit durch Änderungen des Klimas oder der physiographischen Eigenschaften der Landoberfläche beeinflusst wird. Mittels einer integrierten Datenanalyse von vorhandenen langjährigen Archiven hydroklimatischer Zeitreihen werden die folgenden wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen dieser Dissertation diskutiert: - Haben beobachtete Änderungen der Landoberfläche und des Klimas zu nachweisbaren, instationären hydroklimatischen Änderungen geführt? - Lassen sich die hydroklimatischen Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen und Änderungen der Landoberfläche voneinander unterscheiden? - Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die Sensitivität von Abfluss und Verdunstung auf Veränderungen der klimatischen und physiographischen Randbedingungen? Hierbei fokussiert sich die Arbeit auf Änderungen im langjährige Mittel und im Jahresgang von hydroklimatischen Variablen auf der räumlichen Skala von Flusseinzugsgebieten. Zur Untersuchung des hydrologischen Regimes wurde ein harmonischer Filter angewandt, der es erlaubt, die Eintrittszeit des Jahresgangs (Phase) zu quantifizieren. Diese klimatologische Kenngröße wurde für eine Vielzahl von Einzugsgebieten in Sachsen untersucht, wobei sich vor allem für die Gebiete in den Kammlagen des Erzgebirges signifikante Veränderungen ergaben. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die signifikante Phasenverschiebung der Temperatur seit Ende der 1980er Jahre zu einer verfrühten Schneeschmelze und dadurch zu einem Rückgang des Abflusses bis in die Sommermonate hinein geführt hat. Desweiteren wurde eine modellbasierte Datenanalyse entwickelt, welche auf Massen- und Energieerhalt von Einzugsgebieten im langjährigen Mittel beruht. Das entwickelte Konzept erlaubt es, Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen von anderen Effekten, welche z.B.

Published
2013

49. Using diurnal phase lags of turbulent heat fluxes to benchmark land surface models: revisiting the PLUMBER analysis.

Author

Renner, Maik, Nijssen, Bart, Kleidon, Axel, and Clark, Martyn

Subjects
*HEAT flux, *EDDY flux, *SOLAR radiation, *LATENT heat, *VAPOR pressure, *LAND-atmosphere interactions
Abstract

Land surface models (LSM) jointly solve the water and energy balance at the surface and thereby link various critical processes to resolve land-atmosphere exchange of heat and mass. A recent benchmarking project (PLUMBER, Best et al., 2015) revealed that state of the art LSMs are outcompeted by out of sample empirical models highlighting that LSMs can be improved without further input data. In order to better understand which process parameterizations can be improved, we focus on the diurnal cycle of surface heat fluxes and aim to isolate typical signatures of land-atmosphere interactions from observations and test how state of the art models reproduces these. Therefore, we decompose the diurnal variation of surface heat fluxes into their direct response and a phase shift to incoming solar radiation. We employ the PLUMBER dataset consisting of 20 FLUXNET sites across continents with 13 different LSMs. Observations under cloud-free conditions show a strong direct response of the turbulent heat fluxes to solar radiation with small but significant phase lags. Sites with short vegetation reveal an increase of the phase lag of the latent heat flux with wetness, whereas forest sites with closed canopies show rather stable positive phase lags. The phase lag of the sensible heat flux tends to negative values, i.e. preceding the diurnal course of solar radiation under ample moisture supply. We then benchmark the LSMs with the observed distributions of the phase lags for each site stratified by wetness conditions. Analysis of the phase lags of both, the sensible and latent heat flux clearly discriminates the performance of land-surface models. The best models match the observed distributions in about 42% of the cases, the poorest models capture only 9%. All LSM use vapor pressure deficit as driving gradient which generally shows large phase lags (1-2h) when evaluated at air temperature. A constant surface conductance which is used for example in the Penman-Monteith FAO reference evapotranspiration approach leads to positive phase lags of latent heat fluxes while observations show smaller phase lags. Most LSM differ in their formulations of surface conductance and thus influence the simulated phase lags. It further appears that LSMs vary strongly in the diurnal magnitude of the simulated soil heat flux and its phase lag, which translates into phase lags of the simulated turbulent heat fluxes. We conclude that current state of the art LSMs have major difficulties to reproduce observed signatures of the diurnal cycle. This indicates that parameterizations of land-atmosphere interactions in particular the exchange of heat above and below the surface need to be improved.Best, M. J., Abramowitz, G., Johnson, H. R., Pitman, A. J., Balsamo, G., Boone, A., Cuntz, M., Decharme, B., Dirmeyer, P. A., Dong, J., Ek, M., Guo, Z., Haverd, V., van den Hurk, B. J. J., Nearing, G. S., Pak, B., Peters-Lidard, C., Santanello, J. A., Stevens, L. and Vuichard, N.: The Plumbing of Land Surface Models: Benchmarking Model Performance, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 16(3), 1425–1442, doi:10.1175/JHM-D-14-0158.1, 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results