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Stressors are especially widespread in urban agglomerations. Common themes of built environment interventions that support health and well-being are blue and green infrastructure, indoor and outdoor air quality, thermal comfort, access to natural lighting, and acoustics. Given the current megatrends of increasing summer temperatures and the high popularity of home offices, we aimed at modeling thermal comfort changes of people working at home in three Austrian cities (Vienna, Innsbruck, and Graz) during the next decades until 2090. We present findings based on (I) an inter-disciplinary literature search and (II) indoor and outdoor climate simulations for actual and future climate scenarios. Based on the results, we discuss the potential impacts for work and human health and well-being, and we suggest a framework for the home office in “post-COVID-19 Austria” that integrates social, ecological, and economic aspects. The results of our study indicate that, in future climate scenarios, overheating of the interior can no longer be prevented without active cooling measures and nature-based solutions. Recommendations on the adjustment of behavior under climate change, including greening, adequate ventilation, and cooling techniques, are thus urgently needed for employees who are working from home in order to maintain physical and mental health and wellbeing.

Die Versorgung mit Tageslicht und die Besonnung als grundlegende Parameter zur Planung und Bewertung einer Beleuchtungssituation mit Tageslicht werden im folgenden Kapitel beschrieben. Zudem werden die Aussicht und die Vermeidung von Blendung als wesentliche Faktoren zur Erreichung umfanglicher Qualitat vorgestellt.

Dieses Kapitel beschreibt welche speziellen Qualitaten das naturliche Tageslicht aufweist, und warum das Tageslichtangebot auf der Erde einer standigen dynamischen Veranderung unterliegt. Die Vielfalt der Wirkungen des Tageslichts auf den Menschen wird skizziert.

In diesem Kapitel werden Diagrammdarstellungen erklart, aus denen grundlegende Informationen fur die Tageslichtplanung ausgelesen werden konnen. Sie zeigen den, sich zyklisch verandernden, raumlichen Bezug zwischen einem konkreten Standort auf der Erde und der Sonne als primarer, naturlicher Lichtquelle.

Background Sunlight exposure and high vitamin D status have been hypothesised to reduce the risk of developing dementia. The objective of our research was to determine whether lack of sunlight and hypovitaminosis D over time are associated with dementia. Methods We systematically searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ICONDA, and reference lists of pertinent review articles from 1990 to October 2015. We conducted random effects meta-analyses of published and unpublished data to evaluate the influence of sunlight exposure or vitamin D as a surrogate marker on dementia risk. Results We could not identify a single study investigating the association between sunlight exposure and dementia risk. Six cohort studies provided data on the effect of serum vitamin D concentration on dementia risk. A meta-analysis of five studies showed a higher risk for persons with serious vitamin D deficiency (