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This article aims at addressing the question of textual fragmentation in some works by Edgar Allan Poe and Charles Baudelaire as tributary to the aesthetics of the fragment as discussed by Friedrich Schlegel. The objective is to study how those authors would have created their own aesthetics of the fragment. For that purpose, the following works will be analyzed: Edgar Allan Poe’s Marginalia, A Chapter of Suggestions, Fifty Suggestions and Marginal Notes, as well as Charles Baudelaire’s Mon Coeur Mis a Nu.

Recebido em 28 fev 2018.Aprovado em 31 mai 2018.DOI

Considerando as transformacoes sociais, em especial no que se refere ao desenvolvimento de novas midias, que apresentam grande potencial narrativo, este artigo apresenta como objetivo propor uma reflexao acerca da relacao entre as novas midias, em especial o videogame, e a Literatura. Alem disso, o artigo ressalta o carater intertextual das midias, que muitas vezes exploram narrativas ja conhecidas do grande publico, atraves de suas reconfiguracoes. Observando as questoes supracitadas, e possivel observar que os temas explorados nos jogos eletronicos apresentam uma estreita ligacao com os textos classicos, mais especificamente a epopeia e a tragedia. Alem de apresentarem temas recorrentes, tanto os textos classicos como os jogos eletronicos apresentam similaridades em sua estrutura. O artigo tambem se propoe a analisar o jogo eletronico The last of us a fim de evidenciar os elementos em comum entre as epopeias e as tragedias classicas e o jogo em questao, em especial no que se refere a relevância do papel do heroi para o desenvolvimento dessas narrativas.

In the nineteenth century, Brazil was still an empire closely linked to Portugal, struggling to attain its total political, economic, and cultural independence. Although independent in 1822, after three hundred years of Portuguese colonization, Brazil still had in the latter half of the century strong bonds both to its former colonizer as well as to Europe. In fact, the Brazilian emperor, Peter the Second, was a member of the Portuguese royal family. Brazilian trade also largely depended upon Portugal and its economic partners, such as England. Brazilian culture modeled itself on Europe, especially France (French was the prevailing foreign language of the ruling elite). In short, even after independence, Brazil still had to attain cultural, political, and economic independence. In terms of literature, a reading public was in the process of being created. Those who did not read foreign languages had access to literary works published in installments in local newspapers and periodicals. These often consisted of translated works from French and English authors. Those who were educated and belonged to higher social brackets usually completed their studies in Europe. Universities in Brazil simply did not exist at this time. (2) Works by acclaimed novelists, such as Victor Hugo, Francois-Rene de Chateaubriand and Charles Dickens, were imported, but only the privileged few had access to them and were able to read the foreign medium. There was, however, a market for translations and a reading public eager to access novels and poetry originally published abroad. Brazilian literature thus relied heavily on foreign (and especially, Portuguese) literature for its themes, characters, and plots. (3) Brazil would have to wait for Machado de Assis to witness the onset of a uniquely Brazilian literature. Machado is regarded today as the most influential Brazilian writer of all time, whose works have been translated into many languages and have been the object of international critical examination. The son of an illiterate clothes-washer and born in a Rio de Janeiro slum, Machado de Assis was a free mulatto at a time when slavery still existed in his country. He was a self-taught man who supported himself through literature and journalism. Against all odds, Machado gradually gained recognition. He taught himself to read in English and French and even helped found the Brazilian Academy of Letters, something totally unforeseen for someone of his background living in a society still deeply rooted in aristocratic values (4) and prejudices. Possessing a strong critical sense, Machado promoted the creation of a Brazilian literature, a project that he advocated in "Instinto de Nacionalidade" (Instinct of Nationality), an essay where he specifically criticized the pervading romantic paradigms of love, idealism, nature, and freedom of thought. Machado believed that literature should be used instead to reveal and critique social injustice. However, he was neither a Realist nor a Naturalist. Many of his writings combine detailed descriptions of his milieu with fantastic elements, irony, humor, and wit. It is in this respect that Machado de Assis's work converges with that of Edgar Allan Poe. How did Machado, isolated in the provincial capital of Rio de Janeiro, gain access to Poe's works? How relevant would they be for Machado's literary project of creating a national literature that was distinct from European models? As we have noted, cultured Brazilians were familiar with European works that were either imported or translated in local newspapers. One such author was Charles Baudelaire (5), whose translations of Poe's works into French were known in Brazil. Machado also had read Poe in English. In fact, he even published a Portuguese translation of "The Raven." He gave his version original touches by transforming the style and deliberately incorporating meter into his translation. It thus maintained a certain literary independence with regards to the original. …

Editorial

Much has been published and discussed in relation to Edgar Allan Poe’s and Charles Baudelaire’s intertextual dialogues, as well as to the French reception of Poe’s writings and aesthetic theories through Baudelaire’s translations and essays. Likewise, there have been several studies in Brazil comparing Poe’s and Brazilian writer Machado de Assis’ short stories and individual aesthetic theories, as well as studies regarding Baudelaire’s aesthetic reception in 19th century Brazilian literature. However, despite some academic studies and papers in Brazil referring more closely to their literary projects and their possible intertextual bindings, a deeper study into how Machado de Assis may have actually read and subverted Poe’s writings so as to fit it within his own framework and thus help foster his project of defending the formation of a national literary identity still needs to be carried out. The same may be said about both Baudelaire’s role in Poe and Machado de Assis’ literary encounter and Machado de Assis’ reception of Baudelaire’s aesthetic theories and poetics. In this paper, therefore, I want to take a transatlantic voyage while addressing the question of how Machado de Assis may have actually incorporated and, paradoxically, subverted Poe’s and Baudelaire’s imagery, topoi and aesthetics into his own literary project. Two broad aspects regarding the three authors’ writings will be tackled: the universe of mind and man’s isolation vis-à-vis society, within the scope of the fantastic as a genre. To do so, I will focus on “Só!” [Alone/Lonely], a short-story published by Machado de Assis in 1885, thus aiming at addressing how the self, the wanderer and the observer appear in this story and how they dialogue with the same figures in some of Poe’s and Baudelaire’s writings.

Colaboradores deste número

A crítica sobre a obra de Edgar Allan Poe parece ter relegado A Chapter of Suggestions, Fifty Suggestions, Marginalia e Marginal Notes a uma posição de menor interesse e importância dentro do corpus de produção artística e crítica do autor. Entretanto, tais obras podem ser consideradas verdadeiros fractais, sob as perspectivas da Física Quântica e Teoria do Caos, por recorrentemente abarcar o cerne das teorias críticas e estéticas de Poe de forma bastante fragmentada ou fractalizada. Esta comunicação, portanto, almeja fazer uma leitura de tais obras para analisar o uso de fragmentação textual e temática por parte do autor, fenômeno esse igualmente presente em seus contos e poemas, mas talvez menos contemplado pela crítica, o que possivelmente marca sua contemporaneidade de produção e pensamento estético e, ao mesmo tempo, distancia-o do cânone literário do século XIX norte-americano.

Esta tese de doutorado, intitulada “Edgar Allan Poe e Charles Baudelaire:trajetórias e maturidade estética e poética", teve por objetivo analisar e interpretar, dentro de uma perspectiva comparativa, o percurso feito por Poe e Baudelaire desde suas obras iniciais, até atingirem uma maturidade estética e poética. Tomando por base a visão de Antoine Compagnon em seu Le Démon de la Théorie (1998) obra que retoma algumas teorias críticas, como a do círculo hermenêutico proposto por Schleiermacher (2001) e Gadamer (1999), a dos polissistemas e, dentro dela, a da tradução como transcriação e ferramenta ideológica, a da intertextualidade proposta por Kristeva (apud ALLEN, 2000) a partir de suas leituras de Freud e Bakhtin, a da morte do autor único e conseqüente criação de pluralidade de autores-leitores de Barthes (apud ALLEN, 2000) e a de sincronia e diacronia de Saussure, esta tese procurou mostrar, ao longo da análise detalhada de poemas, contos, poemas em prosa, ensaios, resenhas, artigos, anotações, peças teatrais de Poe e Baudelaire, como os mesmos foram elaborando e re-elaborando suas teorias estéticas e poéticas. A comparação entre as obras de ambos permitiu estabelecer trajetórias, teorias críticas, temas, opções formais, posicionamentos semelhantes, portanto, um diálogo entre ambos e dentro da produção individual dos autores aqui estudados.Além disso, um olhar mais detalhado em termos diacrônicos e sincrônicos pôde demonstrar uma preocupação com uma liberação formal, com gradativa busca por um discurso fragmentário ( busca essa presente em Marginalia, A Chapter of Suggestions, Fifty Suggestions e Mon Coeur Mis à Nu, obras que constituem o corpus desta tese), que pudesse captar um pensamento igualmente fragmentário, precursor, talvez, da estética pós-moderna, em pleno século XIX. This doctoral dissertation, entitled “Edgar Allan Poe e Charles Baudelaire: trajetórias e maturidade estética e poética", aimed at both analysing and interpreting, from a comparative point of view, the literary path taken by Poe and Baudelaire, a path initiated in their early works and pursued toward their aesthetic and poetic late works. This dissertation based itself on the view of Antoine Compagnon in his Le Démon de la Théorie (1998), a book reviewing some recent critical theories on literature, linguistics and art: Schleiermacher´s and Gadamer´s hermeneutic circle (2001 and 1999 respectively), the theory of polisystems, and within it, that of translation as transcriation and an ideological tool, Kristeva´s theory of intertextuality as a reinterpretation of Freud and Bakhtin (apud ALLEN, 2000), Barthes´ theory of the death of a unique author and consequent generation of a plurality of author-readers (apud ALLEN, 2000), and, finally, Saussure´s diachronic and synchronic readings of language. Therefore, this dissertation attempted at showing, through a detailed analysis of Poe´s and Baudelaire´s poems, tales, prose poems, essays, reviews, articles, notes, and theater plays, how these authors underwent the process of developing their aesthetic and poetic theories, never missing out on the perspective offered by all the theories above mentioned. The comparison of the works of both writers allowed for the perception of a similarity of paths, critical theories, themes, formal options, and perspectives; therefore, it permitted the understanding of the existence of a dialogue built among the works of both authors as well as another one found within the individual collected works of the authors studied in this dissertation. Furthermore, a deeper look into their works, both synchronically and diachronically, demonstrated a preoccupation with a formal liberation, with a progressive search for a fragmentary discourse (this search may be traced both in Marginalia, A Chapter of Suggestions, Fifty Suggestions and Mon Coeur Mis à Nu, works forming the corpus of this dissertation), capable of apprehending and expressing thoughts equally fragmentary; thus, this discourse may be regarded, perhaps, as the forerunner of the post-modern aesthetics, in the 19th century.

COLABORADORES DESTE NÚMERO E PARECERISTAS AD. HOC.

O presente trabalho propõe um estudo comparado entre Infância, de Graciliano Ramos, e Boyhood, de J. M Coetzee, duas obras que utilizam a infância como recorte temporal narrativo. Além de identificar como os escritores brasileiro e sul-africano trouxeram novas abordagens para o gênero autobiográfico, baseada em conceitos como o pacto autobiográfico, de Philippe Lejeune, esta dissertação visa a uma análise de ambos os livros sob a perspectiva do Bildungsroman. A aproximação de Infância e Boyhood com o Bildungsroman, gênero literário surgido na Alemanha do final do século XVIII e que tem como paradigma Os anos de aprendizado de Wilhelm Meister, de J. W. Goethe, ocorrerá através da observação da trajetória dos protagonistas, que compreende desde o relacionamento que os protagonistas possuem com a família e o ambiente escolar até as percepções de si próprios (inclusive o despertar artístico para a leitura e a escrita) e os problemas sociais à sua volta. Situações que, se não fazem parte de um projeto teleológico consciente por parte dos imaturos protagonistas, a exemplo de Wilhelm Meister no romance alemão, proporcionam à dupla de garotos uma formação pródiga em aprendizagem, base de um amadurecimento em devir. The present work proposes a comparative study between Graciliano Ramos\' Childhood, and J. M. Coetzee\'s Boyhood, two works that use the childhood as narrative time frame. Besides identifying how the Brazilian and South African writer brought new approaches to the autobiographical genre, based on concepts such as Philippe Lejeune\'s autobiographical pact, this dissertation aims at an analysis of both books from the Bildungsroman perspective. The approximation of Childhood and Boyhood with Bildungsroman, literary genre that emerged in late eighteenth-century Germany and has as its paradigm J. W. Goethe\'s Wilhelm Meister\'s Apprenticeship, will occur through observation of the trajectory of the protagonists that comprehends from the relationship with their family and the school environment until their own perceptions (inccluding the artistic awakening to reading and writing) and the social problems around them. Situations that, if they don\'t make part of a conscious teleological project by the immature protagonists, such as Wilhelm Meister in the german novel, provide to the pair of boys a prodigal formation in learning, the basis of a maturity in becoming.

Uma das principais peculiaridades que distinguem o conto de outras formas pertencentes ao gênero épico é o compartilhamento de certas características e procedimentos típicos da Lírica. Reflexões acerca desse hibridismo de gênero podem ser encontradas já na obra crítica de um dos mais ilustres iniciadores do conto moderno, o norte-americano Edgar Allan Poe, cuja priorização do efeito incutido pela narrativa e a preocupação em obter um tom e/ou um acontecimento singular que o transmitam ao leitor de forma contundente submetem o conto a diversas exigências internas que são mais comumente encontradas na Lírica, entre elas: a brevidade e intensidade da narrativa, a condensação tanto linguística quanto temática e uma perspectiva que se atém exclusivamente às próprias imediações. O lirismo na obra de Katherine Mansfield se manifesta principalmente através de meticulosos recortes temáticos que demonstram seu olhar atento aos detalhes mais ínfimos, do emprego de imagens e símbolos significativos e da posição cambiante de um narrador que frequentemente procura fundir sua perspectiva e seu próprio discurso ao das personagens principais. Para tanto, a autora recorre largamente à técnica do discurso indireto livre, que permite ao narrador se apropriar da voz de diversas personagens sem se limitar à perspectiva unitária da narrativa em primeira pessoa, o que confere à sua obra um grau ainda maior de subjetividade e, ao mesmo tempo, uma multiplicidade caleidoscópica dentro dos limites estritos do conto. One of the main singularities that distinguish the short story from other forms that belong to the Epic genre is the sharing of certain characteristics and procedures with Lyric poetry. Considerations on this genre hybridism can already be found in the critical work of one of the most renowned founders of the modern short story, Edgar Allen Poe, whose priorization of the effect created by the narrative, as well as the aim to obtain a tone and/or a singular episode capable of conveying said effect to the reader, subject the short story to various internal requirements which are more commonly found in Lyric poetry, such as: the brevity and the intensity of the narrative, its linguistic and thematic condensation, and a point of view that focuses exclusively on its own immediacies. The lyrism found in the work of Katherine Mansfield is achieved mostly through a careful selection of theme that reveals her attention to detail, the use of meaningful images and symbols, and the shifting point of view of the narrator, who often attempts to combine his perspective and his speech to those of the main characters. In order to do that, the author frequently employs indirect free speech, which allows the voices of different characters to be incorporated without being limited by the one-sided perspective of a first-person narrator. Her stories are thus enriched by an even higher degree of subjectivity and, at the same time, by a kaleidoscopic diversity within the strict limits of the short story.

Esta tese apresenta a continuação de um estudo da obra de Edgar Allan Poe iniciado no Mestrado, que focou no primeiro conto de detetive de Poe, The Murders in the Rue Morgue. Na presente etapa, o objetivo foi investigar de que maneira a obra de Poe figura uma experiência sócio-histórica específica, estudando desta vez seus outros dois contos de detetive, The Mystery of Marie Rogêt e The Purloined Letter. Ao ampliar o foco da pesquisa para compreender melhor o lugar desses contos na obra do escritor, o estudo levou à conclusão de que os três contos de detetive de Poe, publicados entre 1841 e 1844, desempenham um papel central na figuração da sua experiência histórica, representando um momento importante de síntese de suas reflexões. Por isso, esta tese organiza-se de modo a dar esta posição de destaque aos seus contos de detetive, mas apresenta, no primeiro e no quarto capítulos, comentários acerca de uma seleção de outras de suas obras, literárias ou não, que representam momentos importantes do percurso de suas reflexões e de sua tomada de posição diante das contradições próprias de seu momento histórico. As principais dessas contradições dizem respeito ao funcionamento do mercado editorial dos Estados Unidos no século XIX, e incluem a produção de literatura popular e de jornalismo sensacionalista, a relação com o público leitor e as relações de produção predominantes no mencionado mercado. Poe desenvolve um posicionamento crítico cada vez mais consequente diante desse contexto, desenhando diagnósticos a respeito da situação do escritor e da literatura diante da mercadorização da atividade artística e definindo posturas propositivas, especialmente por meio de seu reaproveitamento criativo dos materiais disponíveis, assim apontando para possibilidades expressivas mais desafiadoras e relevantes do que as que ele via se multiplicando na época. Além disso, são importantes outras atitudes de Poe que demonstraram sua insatisfação com as relações de produção da época, tais como a escrita de diversos artigos sobre o tema e, da maior relevância, sua tentativa (embora fracassada) de lançar uma revista literária controlada por artistas. Tudo isso faz da obra de Edgar Allan Poe uma grande contribuição para a literatura. This dissertation presents the continuation of a study of Edgar Allan Poes work started in the Masters research whose object was the first detective story written by Poe, published in 1841, The Murders in the Rue Morgue. In the present study, the objective is to investigate how Poes work represents a social-historical experience, focusing this time on his two other detective stories, The Mystery of Marie Rogêt and The Purloined Letter. When enlarging the scope of the research in order to better understand the role of these stories in the writers work, the study led to the conclusion that his three detective stories, published between 1841 and 1844, in fact play a central role in the figuration of his historical experience, representing an important moment of synthesis in his reflections. For this reason, this dissertation is organized so as to put forth his detective stories, while also presenting, in the first and forth chapters, comments regarding a selection of other works, literary or not, representing important moments of the development of his reflections and his positioning before the contradictions of his historical moment. The most relevant of these contradictions concern the operation of the editorial market of the United States in the 19th century, and include the production of sensational popular literature, the sensational journalism, the relation with the reading public and the relations of production predominating in the market. The writer develops an increasingly consequent critical positioning before such context, designing diagnoses about the writers and literatures situations in a moment of commodification of the artistic activity and defining an active attitude, thus indicating expressive possibilities which were more challenging and relevant than the ones he saw multiplying in his times. Besides, there are other attitudes in which Poe demonstrated his dissatisfaction with the relations of production, suc as his articles about the theme and, very relevant, his attempt (although he failed) of starting a literary magazine controlled by artists. This makes Edgar Allan Poes work a huge contribution for literature.

A presente tese investiga e discute o conceito de crítica literária de Friedrich Schlegel, com o intuito de esclarecer como o crítico, filósofo e filólogo alemão contribuiu para a alteração nos estudos de literatura de sua época ao postular a necessidade de aproximação entre a análise estética e histórica do fenômeno literário, antecipando muitos problemas da crítica contemporânea. Ao utilizar os paradigmas da filosofia da história e da estética para o entendimento dos diversos períodos ou épocas da literatura, e ao reconhecer e aplicar a perspectiva histórica como categoria crítica, Schlegel colaborou para o aparecimento de uma nova era da crítica literária. O contato com a herança do Iluminismo, e com os escritos de Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Schiller, Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottfried Herder, Johann Joachim Winckelmann e Johann Wolfgang Goethe, entre outros, influenciou o crítico a desenvolver um novo modus de crítica literária, que levaria em consideração a atividade reflexionante e criativa do espírito crítico. A atividade de Schlegel enquanto crítico e historiador da literatura se caracteriza pela busca constante de aperfeiçoamento infinito, ou utilizando uma de suas expressões favoritas como uma ânsia de infinito [Sehnsuch nach dem Unendlichen], isto é, o ímpeto pela complementação [Diaskeuase] da obra literária através da reflexão crítica e filosófica. As contribuições de Friedrich Schlegel para a alteração do modo como a literatura deve ser compreendida, assim como seu esforço em estabelecer princípios universais para a crítica literária colocam seu nome entre os precursores da crítica literária moderna. The present thesis investigates and discusses Friedrich Schlegels concept of literary criticism in order to demonstrate how the German critic, philosopher and philologist contributed to a change in the studies of literature of his age and anticipated many problems of contemporary criticism by postulating the necessity of an approximation between the aesthetic and the historical visions of the literary phenomena. Schlegels contribution to the emergence of a new era of literary criticism lies in his usage of both paradigms of the philosophy of history as well as aesthetics for the understanding of different periods of literature and in his recognition and application of history as a critical category. Schlegels contact with the heritage of the Enlightenment, as well as with the writings of Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Schiller, Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottfried Herder, Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Johann Wolfgang Goethe, among others, influenced the critic to develop a new modus of literary criticism that takes into consideration both the reflexive and the creative activity of the critical spirit. Inserted in this new scientific paradigm, Schlegels activity as a critic and historian of literature is characterized by his constant search for the infinite perfectibility, or to use one of his favorite expressions a longing for the infinite [Sehnsuch nach dem Unendlichen], and is thus the impetus for the complementation [Diaskeuase] of the literary opus with the philosophical reflection. Friedrich Schlegels contributions to the alterations into the way in which literature is to be understood, as well as his effort to establish universal principles for literary criticism places his name in the ranks of the forerunners of modern literary criticism.

A dissertação em questão procura analisar O sonho de um homem ridículo (1877), de Fiódor Dostoiévski, fundamentalmente a partir de uma aproximação crítica em relação à teoria polifônica erigida por Mikhail Bakhtin, em Problemas da Poética de Dostoiévski. O teórico russo buscou desvelar a poética dostoievskiana não por meio de uma síntese parcial em função do discurso ideológico do escritor ou de uma de suas personagens expediente tradicional da crítica partidária, segundo Boris Schnaiderman e Paulo Bezerra , mas através do modo pelo qual o diálogo deixaria de ser contingente para assumir um papel estrutural essencial. A identidade das personagens não se estabeleceria em si e por si mesma, uma vez que o eu, desde a sua expressão primordial, já apareceria formado, enformado e deformado pela inflexão do outro. A alteridade e a altercação, vozes imiscíveis e eqüipolentes a alicerçarem a polifonia. Bakhtin, porém, não pôde demonstrar o modo pelo qual se daria a apreensão da obra de Dostoiévski como uma totalidade polifônica integral. Haveria um norte em função do qual as vozes relacionais e contraditórias seriam estruturadas? Seria possível apreender a poética dostoievskiana por meio do arcabouço tradicional, monológico e sistêmico? O aporte da teoria crítica de Marx, Lukács, Horkheimer, Adorno e Benjamin passou a trilhar as galerias labirínticas do subsolo dostoievskiano de modo a reconstituir a crítica de Bakhtin à abordagem dialética. A polifonia, a partir de então, transforma-se em um momento dialético para a constituição da poética de Dostoiévski. Totalidade alquebrada, polifonia amordaçada, dialética sem síntese, dialética no labirinto, dialética do labirinto. Labirinto da dialética: dialogo com alguns autores da eslavística norte-americana destacadamente, Joseph Frank, Michael Holquist e Gerald Sabo e com o homem ridículo, o narrador equívoco e inequívoco da estória fantástica que, segundo Bakhtin, é quase uma enciclopédia dos principais temas da obra do escritor russo. Assim, o presente trabalho procura erigir um novo modelo que tensione as cordas vocais da polifonia integral de modo a reconstituir suas aporias e trilhar um caminho outro que restitua a contradição como categoria essencial para a apreensão da obra de Dostoiévski. This dissertation seeks to analyze Feodor Dostoevskys The Dream of a Ridiculous Man (1877) fundamentally by a critical approach in relation to Mikhail Bakhtins polyphonic theory in Problems of Dostoevskys Poetics. The Russian theorist searched to unveil Dostoevskys poetics not by a partial synthesis in terms of the ideological speech of the writer or one of his characters traditional expedient of partisan critic, according to Boris Schnaiderman and Paulo Bezerra , but through the way by which dialog would leave its contingent form to assume an essential structural role. Characters identity would not be erected in itself and by itself, once the I, from his primordial expression, would arise shaped, formed and deformed by the inflection of the other. Alterity and altercation, immiscible and equipollent voices grounding polyphony. However, Bakhtin could not demonstrate the way by which it would be possible to apprehend Dostoevskys work as an integral polyphonic totality. Would there be a north toward which the relational and contradictory voices would be structured? Would it be possible to apprehend Dostoevskys poetics by the traditional, monologic and systemic background? The contribution from the critical theory by Marx, Lukacs, Horkheimer, Adorno and Benjamin trod the labyrinthic galleries of Dostoevskys underground allowing the reconstitution of Bakhtins critic to dialectical approach. From this point on polyphony becomes a dialectical moment to constitute Dostoevskys poetics. Prostrated totality, gagged polyphony, dialectic without a synthesis, dialectic in the labyrinth, dialectic of labyrinth. Labyrinth of dialectic: I dialog with some authors of North American slavistics specially Joseph Frank, Michael Holquist and Gerald Sabo and with the Ridiculous Man, the equivocal and unequivocal narrator of the fantastic story which, according to Bakhtin, is almost an encyclopedia of the Russian authors work. Therefore the present work seeks to erect a new model which tenses the vocal cords of integral polyphony in order to reconstitute its apories and tread another way which restitutes contradiction as an essential category for the apprehension of Dostoevskys work.