Search

The aims of experiment were to determinate the values of bioactive compounds and fatty acid profile in white dried grape pomace Vitis vinifera “Pinot Gris”. Grape pomace originated from winery of the University farm Kolíňany, centre Oponice. The dry matter and crude fat content was determined after the preparation of samples. The dried grape pomace contained 94.2% of dry matter and 8.40% of crude fat. This research was conducted on antiradical activity (DPPH), total polyphenols, total phelinolic acids, total flavanoids and fatty acid profile. The results confirmed that the grape pomace is considerable source of bioactive compounds, with high antioxidant activity, value of total phenolic acids and total polyphenols. From fatty acids profile are grape pomace significant source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly essential linoleic acid (68.62 g 100 g-1 of fatty acids). They are characterized by wide ratio of n6/n3 fatty acids.

Submitted 2020-07-02 | Accepted 2020-08-24 | Available 2020-12-01 https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.mi-fpap.132-136 The present study aimed to analyse dried grape pomace as a possible source of crude fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids in equine nutrition, as well as its effect on apparent digestibility of crude fat and selected fatty acids. Twelve clinically healthy sport horses were used in the feeding trial (Slovak warm blood breed). Animals were divided into three groups; control group (without supplementation) and two experimental groups where diets were enriched by 200 g and 400 g of dried grape pomace, respectively. Digestibility analysis was carried out by total faeces collection method. Crude fat of feeds and faeces, extracted by Soxhlet-Henkel method, was subsequently subjected to fatty acid profile analysis by gas chromatography. Grape pomace contained 96.17 g.kg -1 of crude fat with linoleic (70.03% in fat) and oleic (15.86% in fat) as the most abundant fatty acids. An indication (P>0.05) of higher digestibility of crude fat and oleic acid in both experimental groups, in comparison with control group, was detected. The digestibility of palmitic, linoleic, α-linolenic and cis-11-eicosenoic acids was not affected by dried grape pomace consumption (P>0.05). Based on the results of this experiment, dried grape pomace had no significant effect neither on digestibility of crude fat nor on the selected fatty acids. However, this winery by-product could be used as an alternative source of crude fat in equine diets. Keywords: crude fat, equine, polyunsaturated fatty acid utilisation, wine by-products References Aslanian, A., Dizaji, A. A., Farhoomand, P., Shahryar, H. A., Sis, N. M., & Rouhnavaz, S. (2011). Characterization of the nutritive value and protein fractions the cornell net carbohydrate and protein system in White and Red Grape (Vitis vinifera sp.) Pomace. Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(7), 298-303. Azevedo, J. A. G., Valadares Filho, S. C., Pina, D. S., Detmann, E., Pereira, L. G. R., Valadares, R. F. D., ... & Benedeti, P. B. (2012). Nutritional diversity of agricultural and agro-industrial by-products for ruminant feeding. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia, 64(5), 1246-1255. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352012000500024 Brenes, A., Viveros, A., Chamorro, S., & Arija, I. (2016). Use of polyphenol-rich grape by-products in monogastric nutrition. A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 211, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.09.016 Burke, J. B. Equine International. (2009). Feeding Equine Athletes. Equine International, 1(2), 28-30. Davies, J. A., Krebs, G. L., Barnes, A., Pant, I., & McGrath, P. J. (2009). Feeding grape seed extract to horses: effects on health, intake and digestion. Animal, 3(3), 380-384. European Union. (2009). Commission regulation (EC) No 152/2009 of 27 Jan. 2009: Laying down the methods of sampling and analysis for the official control of feed. Foiklang, S., Wanapat, M., & Norrapoke, T. (2016). Effect of grape pomace powder, mangosteen peel powder and monensin on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis in dairy steers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 29(10), 1416-1423. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0689 Galik, B., Kollathova, R., Rolinec, M., Juracek, M., Simko, M., Hanusovský, O., Biro, D., Vasekova, P., Kolesarova, A., Barantal, S. (2019). Grape by-products as bioactive substances in animal nutrition: A review. Agriculture and Food, 7, 67-172. Georgiev, V., Ananga, A., & Tsolova, V. (2014). Recent advances and uses of grape flavonoids as nutraceuticals. Nutrients, 6(1), 391-415. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6010391 Gulcu, M., Uslu, N., Ozcan, M. M., Gokmen, F., Ozcan, M. M., Banjanin, T., … Lemiasheuski, V. (2019). The investigation of bioactive compounds of wine, grape juice and boiled grape juice wastes. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 43(1), e13850. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13850 Hanganu, A., Todasca, M. C., Chira, N. A., Maganu, M., & Rosca, S. (2012). The compositional characterisation of Romanian grape seed oils using spectroscopic methods. Food Chemistry, 134(4), 2453-2458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.048 Hess, T., & Ross-Jones, T. (2014). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in horses. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 43(12), 677-683. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982014001200008 Hinchcliff, K. W., Kaneps, A. J., & Geor, R. J. (2013). Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hussein, S., & Abdrabba, S. (2015). Physico-chemical characteristics, fatty acid, composition of grape seed oil and phenolic compounds of whole seeds, seeds and leaves of red grape in Libya. International Journal of Applied Science and Mathematics, 2(5), 2394-2894. Kentucky Equine Research. (2016). Nutrition of the performance horse. Kollathova, R., Galik, B., Halo, M., Kovacik, A., Hanusovský, O., Biro, D., ... & Simko, M. (2020). The effects of dried grape pomace supplementation on biochemical blood serum indicators and digestibility of nutrients in horses. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 65(2), 58-65. https://doi.org/10.17221/181/2019-CJAS Lichovnikova, M., Kalhotka, L., Adam, V., Klejdus, B., & Anderle, V. (2015). The effects of red grape pomace inclusion in grower diet on amino acid digestibility, intestinal microflora, and sera and liver antioxidant activity in broilers. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 39(4), 406-412. https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-1403-64 Mironeasa, S., Codina, G. G., & Mironeasa, C. (2016). The effects of wheat flour substitution with grape seed flour on the rheological parameters of the dough assessed by mixolab. Journal of Texture Studies, 43(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4603.2011.00315.x National Research Council. (2007). National Research Council Committee nutrient requirements of horses. Piccione, G., Arfuso, F., Fazio, F., Bazzano, M., & Giannetto, C. (2014a). Serum lipid modification related to exercise and polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in jumpers and thoroughbred horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 34(10), 1181-1187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2014.07.005 Piccione, G., Marafioti, S., Giannetto, C., Panzera, M., & Fazio, F. (2014b). Effect of dietary supplementation with omega 3 on clotting time, fibrinogen concentration and platelet aggregation in the athletic horse. Livestock Science, 161, 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2013.12.032 Ribeiro, L. F., Ribani, R. H., Francisco, T. M. G., Soares, A. A., Pontarolo, R., & Haminiuk, C. W. I. (2015). Profile of bioactive compounds from grape pomace (Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca) by spectrophotometric, chromatographic and spectral analyses. Journal of Chromatography B, 1007, 72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.005 Ross-Jones, T., Hess, T., Rexford, J., Ahrens, N., Engle, T., & Hansen, D. K. (2014). Effects of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on equine synovial fluid fatty acid composition and prostaglandin E2. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 34(6), 779-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2014.01.014 Vineyard, K. R., Warren, L. K., & Kivipelto, J. (2010). Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acid source on plasma and red blood cell membrane composition and immune function in yearling horses. Journal of Animal Science, 88(1), 248-257. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2253 Viveros, A., Chamorro, S., Pizarro, M., Arija, I., Centeno, C., & Brenes, A. (2011). Effects of dietary polyphenol-rich grape products on intestinal microflora and gut morphology in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 90(3), 566-578. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2010-00889

The aim of the experiment was study the effect of different feeding system on fatty acids (FA) profile of cow’s milk. The tank’s samples from two farms were collected. On these farms breed: the Slovak Spotted cattle was reared. Feeding system was realized on the base pasture + supplementary feeding without silage – grazing feeding system (farm A) and silage feeding system (farm B). The FA profile in the milk samples with the apparatus (Agilent 6890A GC, Agilent technologies, USA) were analysed. Feeding system affects FA profile of cow’s milk. Significantly higher proportion of FA in milk samples: C4:0, C17:0, C18:1 cis-n9, C18:2 cis-n9, C18:3-n3 and C20:0 in milk from grazing feeding system (farm A) was detected. The samples of milk only from this feeding system contained C20:5 n3. Significantly higher content of 18:2 cis n6 and presence of C13:0, C20:3 n6 and C20:4 n6 only in milk samples from silage feeding system were determined. Significantly lower proportion of saturated FA was typical for milk from farm A and significantly higher proportion of polyunsaturated FA was characteristic for the samples from farm B. The influence of the feeding system on the monounsaturated FA content was not confirmed. In milk samples from both feeding systems very different n6/n3 FA ratio was detected, with lower value for milk from grazing feeding system (1.36 vs. 9.12).

The aim of this study was to find the effect of dried grape pomace (GP) feeding on the nutrients digestibility coefficients and biochemical parameters of sheep blood serum. The experiment was divided into three feeding periods—C (control), GP1 (1% grape pomace concentration), and GP2 (2% grape pomace concentration). Wethers in three groups in balance cages were housed for right feces collection. The C feed diet consisted of hay, ground wheat, soybean meal, mineral and vitamin lick. An experimental diet with 1% and 2% addition of GP from the daily dry matter intake was fed. After that, digestibility coefficients (in %) were calculated by the difference between nutrient intake and excretion. Furthermore, in the wethers’ blood, biochemical parameters (mineral, energetic, nitrogen, and enzymatic profile) were analyzed. After the GP2 feeding, statistically significant higher digestibility of CP (crude protein), NFC (nonfiber carbohydrates), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), and OM (organic matter) was found. However, the addition of dried GP increased significantly the content of Cl− and decreased the value of glucose, nevertheless, their concentrations were within the reference interval. Parameters of the wethers’ blood serum nitrogen and enzymatic profile were not affected by GP feeding. Dried grape pomace in an amount of 2% diet dry matter can be considered a suitable source of nutrients in sheep feeding, which in addition should improve the digestibility of diet crude protein.

The aim of this study was to determine nutrients content of 4 oilseeds (sunflower, soybean, flaxseed and rapessed) and fatty acid profile of oils obtained from the seeds. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), nitrogen free extract (NFE) and fat content of the seeds were determined by standard laboratory methods and procedures. Significant (P

The objective of the present study was to determine the fatty acid profile of grape pomace, grape stem and grape bunch of three different cultivars of Vitis vinifera sp. (Green Veltliner, Pinot Blanc and Zweigelt) from two countries as a possible sources for animal nutrition. Fatty acid profile analysis was performed using the Agilent 6890 A GC machine. Significant differences (P