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RESUMO As Bignoniaceae reúnem 82 gêneros e cerca de 860 espécies, distribuídas principalmente pela região neotropical, sendo que o Brasil possui a ocorrência de cerca de 33 gêneros e 416 espécies. Uma vez que o Parque Estadual do Guartelá representa um importante remanescente dos Campos Gerais e que há poucos estudos sobre as Bignoniaceae na região sul do país, este trabalho objetivou contribuir para a caracterização de sua flora através da monografia para as Bignoniaceae ocorrentes na área. As coletas foram feitas ao longo de trilhas e estradas, bem como em incursões nos campos e florestas durante 12 meses. Adenocalymma, Amphilophium, Anemopaegma, Bignonia, Dolichandra, Fridericia, Handroanthus, Jacaranda, Mansoa, Pyrostegia, Tabebuia e Tynanthus foram os gêneros registrados, os quais totalizaram 18 espécies. ABSTRACT Bignoniaceae family gather 82 genera and about 860 species distributed mainly by the neotropical region, and Brazil has the occurrence of approximately 33 genera and 416 species. Evaluating that Parque Estadual do Guartelá represents an important remnant of the Campos Gerais and that there are few studies on the Bignoniceae in the southern region of the country, this work aimed to contribute to the characterization of its flora through the monograph for the Bignoniaceae occurring in the area. The collections were made along trails and roads, as well as in forays into fields and forests, during 12 months. Adenocalymma, Amphilophium, Anemopaegma, Bignonia, Dolichandra, Fridericia, Handroanthus, Jacaranda, Mansoa, Pyrostegia, Tabebuia e Tynanthus were the registered genera, totaling 18 species.

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) was established by the Conference of Parties in 2002 to decrease the loss of plant diversity, reduce poverty and contribute to sustainable development. To achieve this overarching goal, the GSPC has established a series of targets, one of which is to ensure that plant diversity is well understood, so that it can be effectively conserved and used in a sustainable manner. Brazil hosts more than 46,000 species of plants, algae and fungi, representing one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth, and playing a key role in the GSPC. To meet the GSPC goals of Target 1 and facilitate access to plant diversity, Brazil committed to preparing the List of Species of the Brazilian Flora (2008-2015) and the Brazilian Flora 2020 (2016-present). Managing all the information associated with such great biodiversity has proven to be an extremely challenging task. Here, we synthesize the history of these projects, focusing on the multidisciplinary and collaborative approach adopted to develop and manage the inclusion of all the knowledge generated though digital information systems. We further describe the methods used, challenges faced, and strategies adopted, as well as summarize advances to date and prospects for completing the Brazilian flora in 2020.

The genus Metrodorea (Rutaceae), with 6 species, has representatives that vary from small shrubs to tall trees, and its leaf sheaths make it unique in the family; it is restricted to South America, with species diversity concentrated in Brazil. In this study, we applied Bayesian and parsimony methods to infer the molecular phylogeny of Metrodorea, and cladistic biogeographic methods to propose an area cladogram for the genus. All results supported Metrodorea as monophyletic, and the presence of leaf sheaths is reinforced as its key diagnostic feature. Bayesian and parsimony trees were identical for relationships within Metrodorea. The crown clade (M. Flavida, M. Mollis) is composed of two species of allopatric distribution and very different morphologies. Metrodorea is distributed in three biogeographic subregions: the Amazonian subregion is populated by one species, the Parana subregion by three species, and the Chacoan subregion by five species. Primary Brooks parsimony resulted in only one area cladogram, which differs from the strict consensus tree from the component analysis by the relationships of the Cerrado, and it suggests a closer relationship between Caatinga province and the Amazon subregion.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T17:29:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-02-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Cerrado is a savanna ecosystem of central and southeastern Brazil. Many woody species of cerrado have thick layers of cork. The present work aimed to characterize, by GC/MS analysis, the constituents of n-hexane extracts from the cork of common species from cerrado. Cork samples from 31 individuals, corresponding to 14 species and six families, were analyzed. Similarities and differences were noticed between cork and cuticular waxes regarding profiles of lipophilic constituents. The distribution of cork constituents was analyzed using the UPGMA clustering method and DICE coefficient. All clusters in the dendrogram obtained comprise individuals from a same species, suggesting that the distribution of lipophilic cork constituents is useful for species characterization and possibly also for species identification, resembling results commonly obtained with molecular markers. Seven samples of Bignoniaceae, corresponding to two genera and seven species, emerged in a common cluster, in an arrangement in accordance with the recent segregation of Tabebuia species to a new genus Handroanthus. The markers analyzed were not efficient regarding characterization of other families. Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Bot, Rua Matao 277, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Assis,Av Dom Antonio 2100, BR-19806900 Assis, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Assis,Av Dom Antonio 2100, BR-19806900 Assis, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2016/08034-0

A complete description of Esenbeckia cowanii Kaastra (Rutaceae) is presented, including new details for floral morphology. The original type of this taxon included only fruiting material, thus we designate an epitype with flowers. In addition, we provide taxonomic emendation to E. cowanii, including its leaf morphology variation, details of the fruit and seed, and an update of its geographic distribution.

Four new species of Adenocalymma (Bignoniaceae, Bignonieae) from southeastern Brazil are described and illustrated: A. aurantiacum , characterized by dark orange and infundibuliform corolla; A. cinereum , characterized by shrubby habit, greyish infl orescence, infundibuliform corolla, and exserted stamens; A. gibbosum , characterized by gibbous and orange corolla and an infl orescence with dendritic trichomes; and A. sessile , characterized by sessile leaves and gibbous corolla. A discussion on the relationships of the new taxa and a key to all 29 species of Adenocalymma reported from southeastern Brazil are provided.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-21T17:52:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013 Item merged in doublecheck by Felipe Arakaki (fe.arakaki@gmail.com) on 2015-11-17T13:11:58Z Item was identical to item(s): 125804, 75437 at handle(s): http://hdl.handle.net/11449/126728, http://hdl.handle.net/11449/75955 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) A recent taxonomic treatment of Adenocalymma resulted in nomenclatural changes associated with 47 names and 24 species. Seven emendations, 16 new synonyms, 29 typifications (24 of which are lectotypifications), 4 neotypifications, 1 epitypification, and 1 status change are proposed. Emendations are related primarily to the first description of the fruit of Adenocalymma dichilum, A. divaricatum, A. fruticosum, A. hypostictum, A. macrophyllum, A. salmoneum, and A. scabriusculum. A variety of Adenocalymma, A. marginatum var. apterospermum, has been raised to the rank of species (A. apterospermum). Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Letters, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Assis, SP, Brazil Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Plant Evolutionary Biology Lab, Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, UFOPA – Univ Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Letters, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Assis, SP, Brazil Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil CNPq: 140945/2004-0 FAPESP: 2002/09762-6

Collecting expeditions carried out in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states have led to the rediscovery of Adenocalymma bullatum, known previously only by three collections made 70 years ago.New records of Adenocalymma bullatum from São Paulo and A. cinereum from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro are reported. In addition, A. macrophyllum is rediscovered in Rio de Janeiro State after the type collections made 180 years ago by Friedrich Sellow. In this paper, we provide descriptions, comments on the affinities among closely related species, and conservation assessments, as well as illustrations.

Tendo em vista a necessidade de se estudar as formações florestais do Estado de São Paulo de forma mais detalhada, a fim de que sua composição florística seja definida e seu processo de dinâmica compreendido, este estudo tem como objetivos principais: levantar e identificar as espécies de lianas lenhosas ocorrentes em um trecho de Floresta Ombrófila Densa do Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho (P.E.C.B.) e outro de Floresta Estacional Semidecídua da Estação Ecológica dos Caetetus (E.E.C.) e produzir um guia ilustrado de campo incluindo fotografias e diagnoses para as espécies de lianas lenhosas encontradas nas sub-parcelas amostradas e chaves de identificação baseadas em caracteres vegetativos. Foram sorteadas, para as duas áreas, 50 sub-parcelas de 20 X 20 m das 256 pertencentes ao projeto temático "Diversidade, dinâmica e conservação de florestas no Estado de São Paulo: 40 ha de parcelas permanentes". Também foram realizadas coletas aleatórias por trilhas e na borda dos fragmentos. Foram consideradas lianas todas as plantas que necessitavam de um suporte para o seu desenvolvimento e que mantinham contato permanente com o solo. Foram encontradas 76 espécies de lianas lenhosas para a E.E.C., distribuídas por 52 gêneros e 19 famílias e, para o P.E.C.B., 49 espécies, 40 gêneros e 19 famílias. Em campo e no laboratório foram feitos os registros fotográficos para cada espécie de liana, incluindo detalhes importantes para sua identificação. Com esses dados foi elaborado um guia ilustrado de identificação para as lianas lenhosas. Quanto aos mecanismos de fixação, na E.E.C. a forma preênsil esteve presente na maioria das espécies (57%) e no P.E.C.B. a forma volúvel foi a que apresentou maior destaque, estando presente em 45% das espécies amostradas, o que reforça as indicações de que em regiões neotropicais, um dos fatores que está relacionado ao sucesso adaptativo das lianas refere-se às especializações nos mecanismos de fixação ao forófito. Having in mind the necessity of a detailed study of the forest formations in São Paulo State, in order that its floristic composition is defined and its dynamic process is understood, this study have as main goals: a survey and identification of the woody liana species in a Tropical Rain Forest at Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho (P.E.C.B.) and in a Seasonal Semideciduous Forest at Estação Ecológica dos Caetetus (E.E.C.), and a field illustrated guide with photographs, diagnoses and identification keys based on vegetative characters for woody liana species of the sub-plots sampled. For the two areas, 50 sub-plots of 20 X 20 m were chosen at random among 256 of the tematic project "Diversity, dinamic and conservation of forests in the São Paulo State: 40 ha of permanente plots". Random collections were made in trails and border of the remnants. It was considered "liana" as climbing plants that maintained permanent contact with the ground. Seventy six woody liana species were found at E.E.C., grouped in 52 genera and 19 families and, at P.E.C.B., 49 species, 40 genera and 19 families were found. Photographs were taken in the field and at the laboratory for each liana species, with essential characters useful for its determination. With these data a field illustrated guide was produced for the woody lianas. As for climbing strategies, seizing was the most common technique for the majority of species (57%) at E.E.C. and, at P.E.C.B., the twining form was most representative, in 45% of the sampled species, evidencing that, in neotropical regions, one of the factors related to the adaptative success of the lianas refers to their specialization in the climbing methods.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:52:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-84042004000100014.pdf: 133902 bytes, checksum: 5e4a661172088e702bc03227b65b9c8a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:52:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-84042004000100014.pdf: 133902 bytes, checksum: 5e4a661172088e702bc03227b65b9c8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:43:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-84042004000100014.pdf: 133902 bytes, checksum: 5e4a661172088e702bc03227b65b9c8a (MD5) S0100-84042004000100014.pdf.txt: 40428 bytes, checksum: 0cfd222948471b3f4aef288e361e0fe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:56:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-84042004000100014.pdf: 133902 bytes, checksum: 5e4a661172088e702bc03227b65b9c8a (MD5) S0100-84042004000100014.pdf.txt: 40428 bytes, checksum: 0cfd222948471b3f4aef288e361e0fe4 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:56:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-84042004000100014.pdf: 133902 bytes, checksum: 5e4a661172088e702bc03227b65b9c8a (MD5) S0100-84042004000100014.pdf.txt: 40428 bytes, checksum: 0cfd222948471b3f4aef288e361e0fe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Visando caracterizar a composição florística de trepadeiras nas florestas estacionais semidecíduas, foi realizado o levantamento das espécies num fragmento de 230 ha, abrangido pelos municípios de Rio Claro e Araras (22º21'S e 47º28' - 47º29'W, 630 m de altitude). As coletas foram mensais durante o período de setembro de 2000 a abril de 2002, sendo as trepadeiras classificadas como herbáceas ou lenhosas e quanto às suas formas de escalar; em volúveis, com gavinhas ou não preensoras. Foram encontradas 148 espécies, distribuídas em 82 gêneros e 33 famílias. Bignoniaceae (29 espécies), Asteraceae (19), Sapindaceae (12), Malpighiaceae (11) e Convolvulaceae (nove) foram as famílias mais ricas, abrangendo 54% das espécies amostradas. Bignoniaceae apresentou o maior número de espécies e gêneros (16), corroborando outros relatos de que é a família mais rica em trepadeiras nas florestas estacionais semidecíduas e na maioria dos estudos realizados em florestas neotropicais de baixas altitudes. Como em outros estudos realizados em florestas estacionais semidecíduas, as trepadeiras lenhosas representaram aproximadamente 2/3 da riqueza desse componente. Verificou-se a prevalência das espécies volúveis (43%) e das espécies dotadas de gavinhas (39%) em relação às espécies não preensoras (18%). Se, por um lado, a composição de espécies se mostrou bastante distinta em relação a outros estudos conduzidos em florestas estacionais semidecíduas no Estado de São Paulo, as famílias e gêneros mais ricos em espécies são, em grande parte, concordantes. This study aimed at characterizing the composition of climbers within a 230 ha fragment in Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest located between the municipalities of Rio Claro and Araras (22º21'S and 47º28' - 47º29'W, 630 m of altitude). Samples were collected monthly from September/2000 to April/2002, and the climbers were classified into two different groups (herbaceous vines or woody lianas); and according to their climbing patterns they were divided into twines, with tendrils, or scandent. A total of 148 species, distributed in 82 genera and 33 families were identified. Bignoniaceae (29 species), Asteraceae (19), Sapindaceae (12), Malpighiaceae (11), and Convolvulaceae (nine) were the richest families, with 54% of total species. Bignoniaceae presented the greatest number of species, and genera (16) confirming reports that it is the richest climbers family in the Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest, as it has previously been stated by studies carried out in lowland neotropical forests. Like in other studies carried out in Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forests, woody climbers stood for approximately 2/3 of the diversity of all climbers. It was possible to record the predominance of both twining species (43%) and those with tendrils (39%) over the scandent species (18%). Although the composition of species may be quite distinct, the richest families and genera identified in this study are often identified as having the same relevance in previous studies conducted in Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest in the state of São Paulo. Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Botânica Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Botânica

Laboratorio de Sistematica Vegetal Instituto de Biociencias Universidade de Sao Paulo, C.P.: 11461, Sao Paulo, C.E.P. 05508-090

Retracted — Check List 6(1): 74-115

O estudo da familia Nyctaginaceae e parte do levantamento da Flora da Serra do Cipo, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Esta familia esta representada na area pelos seguintes generos, com o respectivo numero de especies: Guapira (6) e Neea (1). Sao apresentadas chaves para generos e especies, descricoes e ilustracoes das mesmas, alem de comentarios sobre sua distribuicao geografica e variabilidade.

Especies pertencentes a Theaceae - Theoideae sensu Cronquist sao consideradas neste tratamento, enquanto o genero Ternstroemia sera tratado na familia Pentaphylacaceae. Foram identificadas duas especies na Serra do Cipo: Laplacea fruticosa (Schrad.) Kobuski e L. tomentosa (Mart. & Zucc.) G.Don. As especies de Laplacea podem ser diferenciadas pela simetria foliar e pelo indumento na face abaxial das folhas. Sao apresentadas chave de identificacao, descricoes, ilustracoes e comentarios sobre taxonomia e distribuicao geografica das especies. Enquanto L. fruticosa tem ampla ocorrencia na America do Sul, L. tomentosa e aparentemente restrita a Minas Gerais.

Especies pertencentes a Pentaphylacaceae (Ternstroemiaceae sensu Candolle ou Theaceae-Terstroemioideae sensu Cronquist) sao consideradas neste tratamento. Foram identificadas especies na Serra do Cipo: Ternstroemia alnifolia Wawra e T. carnosa Cambess. Ambas tem distribuicao restrita ao Brasil, e podem ser diferenciadas pelas seguintes caracteristicas: T. alnifolia apresenta folhas com margem serrilhada na porcao distal, nervacao broquidodroma e estames em numero igual ou superior a 50, enquanto T. carnosa apresenta a margem foliar inteira, nervacao hifodroma e 25 estames. Sao apresentadas chave de identificacao, descricoes, ilustracoes e comentarios sobre taxonomia e distribuicao geografica das especies.

Devido ao histórico processo de exploração e conversão do uso do solo, as florestas tropicais hoje se encontram altamente fragmentadas e com os remanescentes de vegetação sobre constante pressão, como é possível observar para Florestas Estacionais Semideciduais do Estado de São Paulo. O aumento na frequência e intensidade de fatores de perturbação em pequenos fragmentos florestais pode ocasionar uma proliferação desequilibrada de plantas trepadeiras que acabam por contribuir com a degradação florestal iniciada pelas perturbações. Isto se reflete na crescente demanda por resolução de problemas ligados ao manejo de tais plantas em fragmentos florestais como forma de restauração florestal. Sendo assim o presente trabalho teve como objetivos caracterizar a comunidade de plantas trepadeiras em diferentes setores de conservação de um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual degradado e avaliar os padrões de associação de variáveis como densidade, diâmetro e biomassa de trepadeiras com variáveis estruturais da flroesta como a regeneração natural e a biomassa arbórea da área total e estratos de conservação. As variáveis que mostraram associação em pelo menos algum estrato foram selecionados para compor modelos candidatos utilizando a densidade de regeneração natural como variável resposta, sendo feito uma seleção do melhor modelo através de Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Utilizando os modelos selecionados como indicativos, foram traçados e discutidos possíveis estratégias de manejo. Foram amostradas 2323 plantas trepadeiras pertencentes a 62 espécies, 50 gêneros e 20 famílias botânicas. As espécies Mansoa difficilis, Lundia obliqua, Dicella bracteosa, Fridericia triplinervia, Serjania fuscifolia, Adenocalymma marginatum, Bignonia sciuripabula e Bignonia campanulata representaram 50% da abundância total de indivíduos. Os resultados mostraram que a área possui uma grande riqueza e diversidade de plantas trepadeiras, sendo registrada uma abundância heterogênea nos diferentes estratos de conservação, com espécies exclusivas para cada um deles. Algumas espécies como Bignonia campanulata apresentou alta densidade em estratos \"pouco degradados\", média em \"degradados\" e não foi encontrada em \"muito degradados\". Em geral as variáveis de plantas trepadeiras não mostraram tendências de associação com a regeneração natural e biomassa arbórea quando considerado a área total, porém algumas associações moderadas foram obtidas em diferentes estratos de conservação. O modelo selecionado para área total e para setores \"degradado\" e \"muito degradado\" mostrou um efeito negativo da densidade de plantas trepadeiras e positivo da biomassa arbórea sobre a regeneração natural, sendo que para o setor \"pouco degradado\" o melhor modelo não mostrava qualquer efeito de preditoras. Os resultados mostram que parâmetros como a densidade de plantas trepadeiras e a biomassa arbórea do fragmento florestal influênciam a regeneração natural, sendo taís características importantes de serem levadas em conta em atividades de manejo através do corte de trepadeiras, sendo sugerido controle da densidade destas plantas e manutenção e promoção da biomassa arbórea em fragmentos florestais degradados. Due to the historical process of exploration and conversion of land use in tropical forest, nowadays these regions are highly fragmented and the remaining vegetation under constant pressure, what can be seen in the semideciduous seasonal forests of São Paulo, Brazil. The increase in the frequency and intensity of disturbance factors in small forest fragments can cause an unbalanced proliferation of climbing plants that end up contributing to forest degradation initiated by the disturbances. Demand for solving problems related to the management of these plants as a forest restoration tool has increasingly risen. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the pattern of climbing plants community in different conservation areas of a small and degraded Seasonal Semidecidual forest fragment and evaluate the patterns of association within variables such as density, diameter and biomass with forest structural variables as the natural regeneration and the tree biomass of the total area and conservation sectors. The variables that were associated with at least some strata were selected to compose candidate models using natural regeneration density as the response variable, being made a selection of the best model using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Using the models selected as guides, were drawn and discussed possible management strategies. Were sampled 2323 individuals from climbing plants belonging to 62 species, 50 genera and 20 botanical families. The species difficilis Mansoa, oblique Lundia, bracteosa Dicella, triplinervia Fridericia, Serjania fuscifolia, Adenocalymma marginatum, Bignonia Bignonia campanulata sciuripabula and accounted for 50% of the total abundance of individuals. The results showed that the area has a wealth and diversity of climbing plants, and registered a motley abundance in different conservation sectors, with exclusive species for each of them. Some species as Bignonia campanulata showed high density in sectors \"little degraded,\" few individuals in \"degraded\" sectors and was not found in sectors \"highly degraded\". In general, the variables of climbing plants don\'t showed strong trends of association with natural regeneration and tree biomass when considering the total area, but some moderate associations were obtained in different conservation sectors. The model selected for total area and sectors \"degraded\" and \"highly degraded\" showed a negative effect by the climbing plants density and a positive effect by the tree biomass on natural regeneration. In the other hand the \"little degraded\" sector best model showed no effect of any precditive variable. By the results, the author suggests that the management focused on the control of density and maintenance and promotion of tree biomass would be more suitable in degraded forest fragments.