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Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab (H) and pertuzumab (P) combined with different chemotherapy regiments in neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of the patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who received HP combined with chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy and completed surgery. The primary endpoint was total pathologic complete response (tpCR) (ypT0/isypN0), the secondary endpoints were breast pathologic complete response(bpCR) (ypT0/is) and axillary pathologic complete response (apCR) (ypN0), and the factors influencing pCR were analyzed. Results A total of 63 patients were included, of whom 23 were treated with TCbHP, 27 were treated with THP regimen, and 13 were treated with AC-THP. The overall tpCR rate was 65.1%, of which TCbHP was 73.9%, THP was 55.6%, and AC-THP was 69.2%. The tpCR rate of HR-negative patients was 79.2%, higher than that of HR-positive 56.4%. The overall bpCR rate was 69.8%, and apCR rate was 81.0%. Univariate analysis showed that HER2 status was a related factor affecting tpCR (P=0.023). The total effective rate by MRI was 87.3%. The level 3 and 4 toxicity of the TCbHP regimen was slightly higher than those of the THP and the AC-THP regimens. Conclusion HP combined with chemotherapy have achieved relatively high pCR. HER2 status is a related factor that affects tpCR. The adverse reactions are controllable.

Personal protection from mosquito bites is essential for preventing mosquito‐borne diseases. Mosquito repellents are effective methods for preventing mosquito bites. Due to their ease of use and indirect skin contact, mosquito‐repellent stickers loaded with essential oils (EOs) have recently become favoured as novel spatial repellents. To discover active EOs with high spatial repellency, 64 commercial EOs were screened using a modified arm‐in‐cage assay. Four EOs, including nutmeg, melissa, eucalyptus and cinnamon, displayed longer complete protection times (CPTs) of about 60 min. Ten main constituents from the four active EOs were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and their spatial repellent activities were further evaluated. 1,8‐Cineole, cinnamaldehyde and citral showed potent repellent activity, with average CPTs of 67.5, 63.8 and 60 min respectively. The interactions of 1,8‐cineole and citral with odorant‐binding protein‐3 (OBP‐3) were studied via molecular docking. Both compounds are docked well in the high hydrophobic pocket and interacted with AealOBP3 through Van der Waals interactions with Phe105, Phe112, Leu114, Met48 and Val50. These natural products provide promising lead fragments for the further development of botanical spatial repellents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To satisfy the requirements of large workspace, high capability, and low inertia demanded by the high precision and high stiffness aerospace equipment, serial manipulator with insufficient intersection joints is proposed in this article based on finite and instantaneous screw theory. Due to the specific topology structure with no intersecting joints at both ends, the explicit solution of forward and inverse kinematics for the serial manipulator with insufficient intersection joints proposed in this article is extremely difficult. Therefore, an analytical method based on finite and instantaneous screw theory is proposed for this serial manipulator, and the explicit kinematic solution is derived in this article. According to particular calculation principle of finite and instantaneous screw theory, the finite motion of this serial manipulator is described. Based on this description, the product of exponentials formula of the kinematics of the serial manipulator with insufficient intersection joints is established on the basic of finite and instantaneous screw theory for the first time, and a novel subproblem is arose during the decomposition of product of exponentials formula. Regarding this issue, an innovative approach to this subproblem is proposed by introducing the new Paden–Kahan subproblem with elimination, and the explicit solution for the inverse kinematics is derived. Finally, the numerical examples are simulated, and the correctness of the method proposed in this article is verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban surveillance of slow‐moving small targets such as drones and birds in low to medium airspace using radar presents significant challenges. Detecting, locating and identifying such low observable targets in strong clutter requires both innovation in radar hardware design and optimisation of processing algorithms. To this end, the University of Birmingham (UoB) has set‐up a testbed of two L‐band staring radars to support performance benchmarking using datasets of target and clutter from realistic urban environment. This testbed is also providing the vehicle to understand how novel radar architectures can enhance radar capabilities. Some of the challenges in installing the radar at the UoB campus are highligted. Detailed benchmarking results are provided from urban monostatic and bistatic field trials that form the basis for performance comparison against future hardware modification. The solution to the challenge of interfacing the radar to the external oscillators is described and stand‐alone bench tests with the candidate oscillators are reported. The testbed provides a valuable capability to undertake detailed analysis of performance of Quantum photonic‐enabled radar and allows for its comparison with conventional oscillator technology for surveillance of low observable targets in the presence of urban clutter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]