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Two new diterpenoids, 12,15-di-O-acetylhypargenin B (1) and taiwanin F-12-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), one new monoterpenoid, (S)-7-methyl-3-methyleneoct-6-ene-1,2-diyl diacetate (3), together with eight known compounds (4−11), were obtained from the twigs and leaves of Nageia fleuryi Hickel. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques including HR-ESI-MS and 1 D and 2 D NMR experiments. Spectroscopic data of the known compound 4 were provided for the first time. Compounds 1 and 11 exhibited strong inhibitory activity on LPS-stimulated production of NO in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, while compounds 1, 3, and 5 showed significant quinone reductase inducing activity in Hepa 1c1c7 murine hepatoma cells. Moreover, compounds 7 and 8 showed inhibitory activity against the proliferation of the human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triterpenoids, 3β-hydroxytirucall-7,25-dien-24-one (1) and 3β-acetoxytirucall-7,23,25-triene (2), along with one new sesquiterpenoid, alloaromadendrane-12α,14β-dioic acid (3), were isolated from the vines and leaves of Chonemorpha megacalyx Pierre. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The static adsorption properties of Rhodamine B (RhB) on different zeolites were studied. The results show that the composition and pore structure of the molecular sieve can affect the adsorption performance. A good adsorption result was showed on MCM-41 zeolite. The maximum removal rate (97. 37% ) of the RhB in a tested solution with a RhB concentration of 7 mg/L was achieved within 10 min at 30 °C on 2 g/L MCM-41 zeolite sample,and it showed good adaptability to the ionic strength and pH of the solution. The adsorption of RhB on the MCM-41 zeolite was more in line with the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and belonged to the spontaneous adsorption process. The entropy increases between 293 -303 K and decreases between 313 - 343 K. The adsorption process conforms to the quasi-secondary adsorption kinetic equation and belongs to chemical adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new lignans, euphorhirtins A–D (1–4), 5-methoxyvirgatusin (5), three artefacts, 7S-ethoxyisolintetralin (6), 7R-ethoxyisolintetralin (7), and 7R-ethoxy-3-methoxyisolintetralin (8), together with 13 known ones (9–21) were isolated from the medicinal plant Euphorbia hirta L. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS experiments. The absolute configurations of compound 1 was determined by ECD calculation. The isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against the proliferation of the cancer cell lines (Hep G2, A549, and DU145) and compounds 14 and 18 showed inhibitory activity against the Hep G2 cells with IC50 values 7.2 ± 0.17 and 8.5 ± 0.36 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new pentanortriterpenoid, 23,24,25,26,27-pentanorlanost-7,9(11)-dien-3β,22-diol (1), one new triterpenoid, lanost-8-en-3β,22S,23S-triol (2), together with the known triterpenoid, 23,24,25,26,27-pentanorlanost-8-en-3β,22-diol (3), were obtained from culture of the fungus Diplodia cupressi associated with the moss Polytrichum commune. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques including HR-ESIMS and 1 D and 2 D NMR experiments. The cytotoxicity of these compounds against human cancer cell lines (A549, Hep G2, Hepa 1c1c7, and Hela) was evaluated and compound 2 exhibited weak inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 35.0 ± 2.3 μM against the proliferation of the Hepa 1c1c7 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Withanolides are a group of modified C28 ergostane‐type steroids with a C‐22, C‐26 δ‐lactone side chain or a C‐23, C‐26 γ‐lactone side chain. They enjoy a limited distribution in the plant kingdom and predominantly occur in several genera of Solanaceae. Of which, the genus Physalis is an important resource for this type of natural molecules. The present review aims to comprehensively illustrate the structural characteristics and classification of withanolides, and particularly focus on the progression on phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of withanolides from Physalis ranging from January 2015 to June 2019. Key findings: Approximately 351 natural withanolides with novel and unique structures have so far been identified from genus Physalis, mainly isolated from the species of P. angulata and P. peruviana. Withanolides demonstrated diverse biological activity, such as anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, immunoregulatory, trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activity. Their observed pharmacological functions supported the uses of Physalis species in traditional or folk medicines. Summary: Due to their unique structure skeleton and potent bioactivities, withanolides are regarded to be promising drug candidates, particularly for developing anticancer and anti‐inflammatory agents. Further investigations for discovering novel withanolides of genus Physalis, exploiting their pharmacological values and evaluating their potency as therapeutic agents are significant work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]