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Supplemental tables 1 through 3

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Supplemental Figures 1 through 4

Given the increasing evidence that the oral microbiome is involved in obesity, diabetes, and cancer risk, we investigated baseline oral microbiota profiles in relation to all-cancer incidence among nonsmoking women enrolled in a Texas cohort of first- and second-generation immigrants of Mexican origin. We characterized the 16Sv4 rDNA microbiome in oral mouthwash samples collected at baseline from a representative subset of 305 nonsmoking women, ages 20–75 years. We evaluated within- (alpha) and between-sample (beta) diversity by incident cancer status and applied linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size analysis to assess differentially abundant taxa. Diversity and candidate taxa in relation to all-cancer incidence were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. Over 8.8 median years of follow-up, 31 incident cancer cases were identified and verified. Advanced age, greater acculturation, and cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with all-cancer incidence. Higher alpha diversity (age-adjusted Pdifference < 0.01) and distinct biological communities (Pdifference = 0.002) were observed by incident cancer status. Each unit increase in the Shannon diversity index yielded >8-fold increase in all-cancer and obesity-related cancer risk [multivariable-adjusted HR (95% confidence interval), 8.11 (3.14–20.94) and 10.72 (3.30–34.84), respectively] with similar findings for the inverse Simpson index. Streptococcus was enriched among women who did not develop cancer, while Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Mogibacterium, Campylobacter, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Dialister, and Atopobium were higher among women who developed cancer (LDA score ≥ 3; q-value < 0.01). This initial study of oral microbiota and overall cancer risk in nonsmoking Mexican American women suggests the readily accessible oral microbiota as a promising biomarker.Prevention Relevance:Mexican American women suffer a disproportionate burden of chronic health conditions that increase cancer risk. Few investigations of the microbiome, a key determinant of host health, have been conducted among this group. Oral microbiota profiles may provide early and accessible cancer biomarker data on invasive bacteria or community disruptions.

Given the increasing evidence that the oral microbiome is involved in obesity, diabetes, and cancer risk, we investigated baseline oral microbiota profiles in relation to all-cancer incidence among nonsmoking women enrolled in a Texas cohort of first- and second-generation immigrants of Mexican origin. We characterized the 16Sv4 rDNA microbiome in oral mouthwash samples collected at baseline from a representative subset of 305 nonsmoking women, ages 20–75 years. We evaluated within- (alpha) and between-sample (beta) diversity by incident cancer status and applied linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size analysis to assess differentially abundant taxa. Diversity and candidate taxa in relation to all-cancer incidence were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. Over 8.8 median years of follow-up, 31 incident cancer cases were identified and verified. Advanced age, greater acculturation, and cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with all-cancer incidence. Higher alpha diversity (age-adjusted Pdifference < 0.01) and distinct biological communities (Pdifference = 0.002) were observed by incident cancer status. Each unit increase in the Shannon diversity index yielded >8-fold increase in all-cancer and obesity-related cancer risk [multivariable-adjusted HR (95% confidence interval), 8.11 (3.14–20.94) and 10.72 (3.30–34.84), respectively] with similar findings for the inverse Simpson index. Streptococcus was enriched among women who did not develop cancer, while Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Mogibacterium, Campylobacter, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Dialister, and Atopobium were higher among women who developed cancer (LDA score ≥ 3; q-value < 0.01). This initial study of oral microbiota and overall cancer risk in nonsmoking Mexican American women suggests the readily accessible oral microbiota as a promising biomarker. Prevention Relevance: Mexican American women suffer a disproportionate burden of chronic health conditions that increase cancer risk. Few investigations of the microbiome, a key determinant of host health, have been conducted among this group. Oral microbiota profiles may provide early and accessible cancer biomarker data on invasive bacteria or community disruptions.

Reconfigurable logic enables architectural updates for embedded devices by providing the ability to reprogram partial or entire device. However, this flexibility can be leveraged by the adversary to compromise the device boot process by modifying the bitstream or the boot process with physical or remote access of device placed in a remote field. We propose a novel multilayer secure boot mechanism for SoCs with a two-stage secure boot process. First stage uses device bound unique response as a key to decrypt application logic. The security function is extended at runtime by integrating intermittent architecture and application locking mechanism to reveal correct functionality.

Heat transfer across pressed joint is significantly governed by thermal contact conductance which in turn depends on thermophysical properties of materials in contact, surface properties, contact pressure, working temperature and interstitials present at the interface. Application of interstitials is an effective technique to control thermal contact conductance at ambient temperature. In the present study, thermal contact conductance across joints at cryogenic temperature in presence of interstitials like silicon based conductive compound, epoxy based adhesive layer and acrylate based anaerobic sealant are explored. These interstitials have different thermophysical characteristics and retain their properties at cryogenic temperature. The joints are investigated for low contact pressure applications, for which thermal contact conductance control is difficult. Specimens are made from cryogenic compatible alloys namely Aluminium alloy AA2219, Stainless steel AISI 321 and Titanium alloy Ti6Al4V with a surface roughness of 0.9 µm. Each interstitial is applied across all six similar and dissimilar pressed joints formed between the materials and thermal characteristics are evaluated experimentally. Investigation is carried out over a temperature range of 150 K to 300 K, with a contact pressure of 140 kPa. The silicon compound enhances thermal contact conductance up to 25 times that of a bare joint while acrylate sealant enhances up to 8 times. The epoxy adhesive coating reduces thermal contact conductance by about 50%. Based on results, monograms are generated for joints based on thermal contact conductance and enhancement factor observed.

Thermal Contact Conductance (TCC) at low temperature is of keen interest to researchers in the fields of aerospace, superconductivity, high speed semiconductor devices, cryogenic interfaces, etc. Change in thermal contact conductance at low temperature is associated with different factors like differential contraction, radial deformation of asperities and improved mechanical properties. When the joints undergo thermal, load or combined thermal and load cycles, changes in thermal contact conductance and heat flow across the joint are expected. In this work, experimental investigation of dissimilar metallic joints with temperature and load cycles was taken up. Joints formed by titanium alloy, stainless steel and aluminium alloy were considered for the study. Variation in thermal contact conductance across different joints with thermal and load cycles were investigated. The hysteresis associated with thermal contact conductance after load and temperature cycling was evaluated. The hysteresis effects are more for aluminium alloy joints which is known to have low hardness and high conductivity.

The demand for electricity has risen to a very high level which could be compensated only by supplying the demand. With this, the focus is towards the renewable energy which highly helps in producing the required energy thereby demand is highly met. This paper projects the idea of a wind source integrated with a DC-DC converter named negative output superliftluo converter (NOSLLC) with a pitch angle control implemented. NOSLLC produces a high gain output with reduced ripple. The source being wind and the maximum power is extracted from it by implementing a pitch angle control using a PI controller, which is clearly depicted in this work. With the variation in the pitch angle of the wind blade, the source power is highly extracted thereby increasing the efficiency of the system.

Hypericum hookerianum (Hypericaceae), a critically endangered plant of Western Ghats, India, has acquired significant importance due to its medicinal implications and ornamental flowers. This species is under severe anthropogenic pressure due to urbanization, tourism, and plantation activities taking place in their natural habitat. A clonal propagation strategy is standardized in this species which offers an opportunity for a stable production of active metabolites from this species as well as their conservation. The study deals with the optimization of axillary bud proliferation using nodal explants followed by genetic stability analysis of regenerants. Maximum number of shoots (3.66) was observed on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with Kinetin (2.325 µM) with 85 % shoot multiplication frequency. In vitro grown shoots were rooted best in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (2.45 µM) with an average of 6.8 ± 0.79 roots/shoot and 95.5 % rooting frequency. Plantlets were acclimatized best (90 %) in a mixture of sterile sand and farmyard manure (3:1). Micropropagated plants were subjected to random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and phytochemical analysis to confirm their clonal stability. In RAPD analysis, 1032 amplicons were collectively generated which were monomorphic and similar to the mother plant. The comparable major phytochemical constituents in regenerants and mother plants together with genetic uniformity data obtained from RAPD analysis confirmed clonal fidelity of the regenerants. Findings in this study are the first report on micropropagation and assessment of genetic stability of micropropagated plantlets in H. hookerianum which suggests that in vitro axillary shoot proliferation can effectively be used as a tool for propagation and conservation of H. hookerianum.

Plant tissue culture offers many advantages over intact plants or plant parts collecting from wild for secondary metabolite isolation and their biosynthetic studies because the in vitro cultures can be kept under strictly controlled nutritional and environmental conditions. The uncertainty of changes in climate and soil that will affect the secondary metabolite production can be avoided and conservation of the plant also can be made possible by plant tissue culture. As of now over fifty categories of various secondary metabolites have been found to be produced by plant tissue or cell cultures. Centella asiatica is a perennial, highly sort after plant species used in traditional Indian medicine, herbal drugs and cosmetics. This plant is under threat because of the high anthropogenic pressure due to over exploitation. To help the efficient use and conservation of this species, eleven accessions collected from five natural populations were subjected to estimate their chemical diversity and in vitro systems namely shoot, callus and root cultures were established for a stable and sustainable production of the neurologically active phytochemicals present in them. Qualitative and quantitative estimation of the phytochemicals viz. flavonoids, saponins and specifically asiaticoside in the natural as well as the in vitro culture systems showed that the in vitro culture systems developed are efficient for the production of these compounds as they are present in comparable amount with their natural counterpart.

In the present study, 3 mm thick sheets of aluminium-copper alloy AA2219 were welded to aluminium-magnesium alloy AA5083 by tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding using AA2319 filler wire. The welded specimens were evaluated for mechanical properties at RT, 77 K, and 20 K. The failure of the tensile specimens was predominantly on the AA2219 side of the weld bead at all test temperatures down to 20 K. Microstructural analysis was carried out by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Based on extensive analysis of the weld joints tested at room and cryogenic temperatures down to 20 K, it was observed that the grain boundary copper rich films formed at the partially melted zone on the AA2219 side of the weld joint were weaker compared to the eutectics formed at fusion line/HAZ on the AA5083 side. This is further aided by the absence of phase mixtures of undesirable morphology in the weld region. This phenomenon is further corroborated with the dependence of the orientation of AA2219 grains with loading axis in repair welded AA2219–AA5083 weld specimens. When the tensile axis is perpendicular to AA2219 grains, failure was on the AA2219 side of the weld indicating that the strength of copper rich films in a partially welded zone decides the strength of weld joints. Finally, it is concluded that reliable dissimilar weld joints of AA2219–AA5083 of aerospace quality can be manufactured.