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BackgroundInsufficient sleep duration is associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, this relationship has not been studied in family caregivers, a group at high risk of insufficient sleep duration and poor HRQoL.ObjectiveTo examine the associations between habitual sleep duration and HRQoL measures in family caregivers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from 23,321 caregivers in the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The HRQoL measures were health status and poor mental and physical health days. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association between sleep duration (9 hours) and health status (fair or poor versus good to excellent). Zero-inflated negative binomial models were used to analyze the association of sleep duration with poor mental and physical health days.ResultsFair or poor health status was significantly higher in caregivers with short (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.74) and long (OR, 2.07; 95% CI: 1.34, 3.21) sleep duration. Short sleep duration was associated with a higher number of poor mental health days (IRR [incident rate ratio], 1.17; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.31) and poor physical health days (IRR, 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.45). Long sleep duration was associated with more poor mental health days (IRR, 1.31; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.60).ConclusionExtremes in sleep duration were associated with lower HRQoL. These findings point to the need for interventions that promote adequate sleep and address factors underlying extremes in sleep duration in the context of family caregiving.

BackgroundResidency program leaders are required to support resident well-being, but often they do not receive training in how to do so.ObjectiveTo determine frequency in which program leadership provides support for resident well-being, comfort in supporting resident well-being, and factors associated with need for additional training in supporting resident well-being.MethodsNational cross-sectional web-based survey in June 2015 of pediatric program directors, associate program directors, and coordinators about their experiences supporting resident well-being. Univariate and bivariate descriptive statistics compared responses between groups. Generalized linear modeling, adjusting for program region, size, program leadership role, and number of years in role determined factors associated with need for additional training.ResultsThe response rate was 39.3% (322/820). Most respondents strongly agreed that supporting resident well-being is an important part of their role, but few reported supporting resident well-being as part of their job description. Most reported supporting residents' clinical, personal, and health issues at least annually, and in some cases weekly, with 72% spending >10%of their time on resident well-being. Most program leaders desired more training. After adjusting for level of comfort in dealing with resident well-being issues, program leaders more frequently exposed to resident well-being issues were more likely to desire additional training (P

Insufficient sleep duration is associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, this relationship has not been studied in family caregivers, a group at high risk of insufficient sleep duration and poor HRQoL. To examine the associations between habitual sleep duration and HRQoL measures in family caregivers. This cross-sectional study used data from 23,321 caregivers in the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The HRQoL measures were health status and poor mental and physical health days. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association between sleep duration (<7, 7–9, >9 hours) and health status (fair or poor versus good to excellent). Zero-inflated negative binomial models were used to analyze the association of sleep duration with poor mental and physical health days. Fair or poor health status was significantly higher in caregivers with short (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.74) and long (OR, 2.07; 95% CI: 1.34, 3.21) sleep duration. Short sleep duration was associated with a higher number of poor mental health days (IRR [incident rate ratio], 1.17; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.31) and poor physical health days (IRR, 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.45). Long sleep duration was associated with more poor mental health days (IRR, 1.31; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.60). Extremes in sleep duration were associated with lower HRQoL. These findings point to the need for interventions that promote adequate sleep and address factors underlying extremes in sleep duration in the context of family caregiving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on an evaluation of an undergraduate program in industrial/organizational psychology (College of New Jersey) five years after its implementation in order to assess the effectiveness of the program and identify areas in need of change. Describes the program and makes recommendations for future directions. (CMK)

Ranked choice voting first gained a foothold in the U.S. during the Progressive movement in the 20th century as calls for electoral reforms grew. Ranked choice voting was implemented in many cities across the U.S. in both single‐ and multi‐seat districts. But, by the 1940s it became a victim of its own success, turning the tides of the hegemonic white male leadership in U.S. legislative bodies with the election of women. Since the 1990s, ranked choice voting has once again gained traction in the U.S., this time with the focus on implementing single seat ranked choice voting. This article will build on the existing literature by filling in the gaps on how ranked choice voting—in both forms—has impacted women’s representation both historically and in currently elected bodies in the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research suggests that individuals who talk with their physicians about lifestyle behaviors are more physically active. Research on this topic is limited in the U.S. Latino population. This study examines doctor-patient communication from the perspective of enrollees in a physical activity (PA) intervention. Methods: Three hundred and eighty-seven Latinos were surveyed at program enrollment. Analysis examined the extent to which physician communication about healthy lifestyles and weight was associated with self-reported PA, including leisure-time PA (LTPA), transportation PA (TPA), and occupational PA (OPA). Physician communication included asking, advising, and assisting. Results: Most of the respondents reported no LTPA (46%) and no TPA (60%). The percent reporting no occupational activity, which included housework if a homemaker, was lower at 36%. Greater physician assistance was associated with a greater likelihood of doing any LTPA (P = .05). A similar trend was observed for TPA (P = .10). Conclusions: Latinos who reported physician assistance to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors reported more LTPA. Providers who assist their patients in obtaining resources to support PA have the potential to increase levels of PA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]