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10. Positioning activated carbon amendment technologies in a novel framework for sediment management

Author

Kupryianchyk, D., Rakowska, M.I., Reible, D., Harmsen, J., Cornelissen, G., Veggel, M., Haley, C.S., Grotenhuis, J.T.C., and Koelmans, A.A.

Subjects
polycyclic aromatic-hydrocarbons, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, polychaete neanthes-arenaceodentata, polychlorinated biphenyl sorption, WIMEK, contaminated marine sediment, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, Wageningen Marine Research, Climate Resilience, environmental black carbon, Klimaatbestendigheid, Environmental Technology, hydrophobic organic-compounds, Milieutechnologie, hartwell superfund site, long-term recovery, to-water fluxes
Abstract

Contaminated sediments can pose serious threats to human health and the environment by acting as a source of toxic chemicals. The amendment of contaminated sediments with strong sorbents like activated carbon (AC) is a rapidly developing strategy to manage contaminated sediments. To date, a great deal of attention has been paid to the technical and ecological features and implications of sediment remediation with AC, although science in this field still is rapidly evolving. The present paper aims to provide an update on the recent literature on these features, and for the first time provides a comparison of sediment remediation with AC to other sediment management options, emphasising their full-scale application. First, a qualitative overview of (dis)advantages of current alternatives to remediate contaminated sediments is presented. Subsequently, AC treatment technology is critically reviewed, including current understanding of the effectiveness and ecological safety for the use of AC in natural systems. Finally, this information is used to provide a novel framework for supporting decisions concerning sediment remediation and beneficial re-use.

Published
2015

18. GIS Use in the Aral Sea Area: Water Quality and Population's Health.

Author

Förstner, U., Murphy, Robert J., Rulkens, W. H., Gómez, Jorge Marx, Sonnenschein, Michael, Müller, Martin, Welsch, Heinz, Rautenstrauch, Claus, Kamilova, E., Fayzieva, D., Nurtaev, B., Orlovsky, L., and Reible, D.

Abstract

This research represents the integrated study of ecological and sanitary status of water in selected areas of the Zeravshan River Basin, and interrelations between the level of their contamination and the population's health status. For the first time in this region, the rate and structure of morbidity were used as an indicator of the environment status. The main results of this research are: identification of the most vulnerable population groups; recommendations on assessment and control of the environmental conditions necessary for the stable management of water resources; and introduction of a Geographic Information System to monitor, control and forecast the water sources and population's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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32. A technique for the measurement of gaseous diffusion in porous media.

Author

REIBLE, D. D. and SHAIR, F. H.

Abstract

An apparatus composed of two well-mixed vessels connected by a tube was used to measure the effective diffusivity of a gas (sulphur hexafluoride, SF6) in porous beds of sand, steel wool and glass beads. The general solution to Fick's second law for the apparatus was employed in the analysis. The ratio of the measured effective diffusivity of SF6 to SF6-air diffusivity was found to equal approximately the void fraction of the porous bed raised to the 1.43 power. This relationship agreed well with previously collected data and with the theoretical models of Millington (1959) and Marshall (1959). The effective diffusivity of wet porous materials was also measured and, at higher moisture contents, found to deviate strongly from that measured in dry materials. The effective diffusivity of SF6 in sand with 20 per cent moisture (volume basis) was found to be about one-fourth as large as the value expected from the dry-bed experiments. No significant deviation was found for sand of 10 per cent moisture content or lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1982
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33. Comparison of Physical Transport Processes in Noncohesive River Sediments

Author

Reible, D. D. and Savant‐Malhiet, S. A.

Abstract

In this paper, the sediment‐side abiotic mechanisms for contaminant transport across the sediment‐water interface of rivers are compared. The transport processes considered include molecular diffusion, colloidal diffusion, pore‐water advection between the stream and its associated aquifer, localized advection due to sediment surface roughness, and sediment movement. A simple model for contaminant transport by active bed‐load transport of noncohesive sediments in triangular dunes is developed and compared to both linearly sorbing and nonsorbing contaminant transport via passive pore‐water processes. The model is limited to homogeneous noncohesive sediment beds and specific flow conditions that lead to steady dune‐migration rates. The results suggest, however, that advection should normally be the dominant mechanism in stable sediments and for nonsorbing contaminants in unstable sediments near the threshold for sediment movement. Sorbing contaminant transport should normally be controlled by the rate of sediment movement.

Published
1993

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