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A evolução dos hábitos de consumo, em busca de produtos mais naturais, exige cada vez mais o uso de recursos genéticos para satisfazer as demandas da sociedade. Considerando que muitos desses recursos são provenientes de espécies transfronteiriças e que o acesso a elas e seu emprego em pesquisa e desenvolvimento tecnológico é regulado primeiramente pelos regimes internacionais de ABS, o presente artigo expõe alguns dos limites das normas internacionais, em especial do Protocolo de Nagoya, ao tratar dessas situações em particular, identificando a intenção na elaboração dos regimes. A partir dessa análise, propõe-se uma solução regional, aliada a existente tendência de elaboração de normas nesse nível de governança, a fim de assegurar a efetividade dos regimes. Para a instrumentalização dessa solução, sugere-se a utilização da tecnologia blockchain na criação de plataformas distribuídas, que possam atender aos diversos países, povos tradicionais e usuários envolvidos nas atividades com recursos genéticos e conhecimentos tradicionais associados. A tecnologia permite garantir maior transparência, rastreabilidade e descentralização de dados, além de permitir a automatização e a redução de custos de várias operações, dentre outros atributos, ainda que não esteja isenta de limites, desafios e críticas., The evolution of consumption habits, in search of more natural products, increasingly requires the use of genetic resources to satisfy the demands of society. Considering that many of these resources come from transboundary species and that access to them and their use in research and technological development is primarily regulated by international ABS regimes, the article exposes some of the limits of international standards, especially the Nagoya Protocol, when dealing with these situations in particular, identifying the intention in the elaboration of the regimes. Based on this analysis, a regional solution is proposed, allied to the existing trend towards the elaboration of norms at this level of governance, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the regimes. To implement this solution, the use of blockchain technology is suggested to create distributed platforms that can serve different countries, traditional peoples and users involved in activities with genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. The technology allows for greater transparency, traceability and decentralization of data, in addition to allowing automation and cost reduction of several operations, among other attributes, although it is not free of limits, challenges and criticisms.

International audience; We propose a recursive Kalman filtering approach to map regional spatio-temporal variations of terrestrial water mass over large continental areas, such as South America. Instead of correcting hydrology model outputs by the GRACE observations using a Kalman filter estimation strategy, regional 2-by-2 degree water mass solutions are constructed by integration of daily potential differences deduced from GRACE K-band range rate (KBRR) measurements. Recovery of regional water mass anomaly averages obtained by accumulation of information of daily noise-free simulated GRACE data shows that convergence is relatively fast and yields accurate solutions. In the case of cumulating real GRACE KBRR data contaminated by observational noise, the sequential method of step-by-step integration provides estimates of water mass variation for the period 2004–2011 by considering a set of suitable a priori error uncertainty parameters to stabilize the inversion. Spatial and temporal averages of the Kalman filter solutions over river basin surfaces are consistent with the ones computed using global monthly/10-day GRACE solutions from official providers CSR, GFZ and JPL. They are also highly correlated to in situ records of river discharges (70–95 %), especially for the Obidos station where the total outflow of the Amazon River is measured. The sparse daily coverage of the GRACE satellite tracks limits the time resolution of the regional Kalman filter solutions, and thus the detection of short-term hydrological events.