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3. Dynamic Visualizations and the Randomization Test

Author

Budgett, Stephanie, Pfannkuch, Maxine, Regan, Matt, and Wild, Chris J.

Subjects
Statistics education research, randomization test, statistical inference, statistics education
Abstract

Hypothesis testing reasoning is recognized as a difficult area for students. Changing to a new paradigm for learning inference through computer intensive methods rather than mathematical methods is a pathway that may be more successful. To explore ways to improve students’ inferential reasoning at the Year 13 (last year of school) and introductory university levels, our research group developed new learning trajectories and dynamic visualizations for the randomization method. In this paper we report on the findings from a pilot study including student learning outcomes and on the modifications we intend to make before the main study. We discuss how the randomization method using dynamic visualizations clarifies concepts underpinning inferential reasoning and why the nature of the argument still remains a challenge.

Published
2013

8. Inference and the Introductory Statistics Course

Author

Pfannkuch, Maxine, Regan, Matt, and Wild, Chris

Abstract

This article sets out some of the rationale and arguments for making major changes to the teaching and learning of statistical inference in introductory courses at our universities by changing from a norm-based, mathematical approach to more conceptually accessible computer-based approaches. The core problem of the inferential argument with its hypothetical probabilistic reasoning process is examined in some depth. We argue that the revolution in the teaching of inference must begin. We also discuss some perplexing issues, problematic areas and some new insights into language conundrums associated with introducing the logic of inference through randomization methods. (Contains 2 figures.)

Published
2011
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9. Enhancing Students' Inferential Reasoning: From Hands-On to 'Movies'

Author

Arnold, Pip, Pfannkuch, Maxine, Wild, Chris J., Regan, Matt, and Budgett, Stephanie

Abstract

Computer simulations and animations for developing statistical concepts are often not understood by beginners. Hands-on physical simulations that morph into computer simulations are teaching approaches that can build students' concepts. In this paper we review the literature on visual and verbal cognitive processing and on the efficacy of animations in promoting learning. We describe an instructional sequence, from hands-on to animations, developed for 14 year-old students. The instruction focused on developing students' understanding of sampling variability and using samples to make inferences about populations. The learning trajectory from hands-on to animations is analyzed from the perspective of multimedia learning theories while the learning outcomes of about 100 students are explored, including images and reasoning processes used when comparing two box plots. The findings suggest that carefully designed learning trajectories can stimulate students to gain access to inferential concepts and reasoning processes. The role of verbal, visual, and sensory cues in developing students' reasoning is discussed and important questions for further research on these elements are identified. (Contains 12 figures and 1 table.)

Published
2011

10. Telling Data Stories: Essential Dialogues for Comparative Reasoning

Author

Pfannkuch, Maxine, Regan, Matt, Wild, Chris, and Horton, Nicholas J.

Abstract

Language and the telling of data stories have fundamental roles in advancing the GAISE agenda of shifting the emphasis in statistics education from the operation of sets of procedures towards conceptual understanding and communication. In this paper we discuss some of the major issues surrounding story telling in statistics, challenge current practices, open debates about what constitutes good verbalization of structure in graphical and numerical summaries, and attempt to clarify what underlying concepts should be brought to students' attention, and how. Narrowing in on the particular problem of comparing groups, we propose that instead of simply reading and interpreting coded information from graphs, students should engage in understanding and verbalizing the rich conceptual repertoire underpinning comparisons using plots. These essential data-dialogues include paying attention to language, invoking descriptive and inferential thoughts, and determining informally whether claims can be made about the underlying populations from the sample data. A detailed teacher guide on comparative reasoning is presented and discussed. (Contains 4 figures.)

Published
2010

13. TREASURE – Targeting Emerging Contaminated Sediments Along the Uplifting Northern Baltic Coast of Sweden for Remediation : En sammanfattning av ett fyraårigt forskningsprojekt om fiberbankar inom forskningsprogrammet TUFFO

Author

Snowball, Ian, Apler, Anna, Dahlberg, Anna-Karin, Frogner-Kockum, Paul, Göransson, Gunnel, Hedfors, Jim, Holmén, Martin, Josefsson, Sarah, Kiilsgaard, Ramona, Kopf, Achim, Löfroth, Hjördis, Nylander, Per, O´Regan, Matt, Paul, Catherine, Wiberg, Karin, and Zilllén, Lovisa

Subjects
Laboratory test, Sweden, Baltic Sea, Kramfors, Sandviken, Metal, Bibliography, Organic compound, Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap, Utansjö, Geotechnical Engineering, Paper mill sludge, Seepage, Pollution, Fibre, Diffusion, Väja, Geoteknik, Contamination, Swedish, Field test, Sediment, Earth and Related Environmental Sciences, Risk assessment, Coast
Abstract

Det tvärvetenskapliga och ämnesöverskridande forskningsprojektet TREASURE genomfördes mellan åren 2014 och 2019. Projektet finansierades genom FORMAS-SGI TUFFO-initiativet som hade som mål att påskynda sanering av förorenade platser. TREASURE fokuserade på så kallade fiberbankar, som är relativt tjocka avlagringar av förorenade organiskt (cellulosa) rika sediment och som ansamlats i recipienter utanför pappers- och massafabriker innan införandet av miljölagstiftning i slutet av 1960-talet förbjöd detta. Hantering av dessa avlagringar och tillhörande fiberrika sediment som det finns mycket av längs Sveriges nordöstra kust (och vissa sjöar), kräver att platser riskbedöms och prioriteras för åtgärd. En avgörande aspekt av riskbedömningen är spridningen av föroreningar och deras biotillgänglighet. Inom TREASURE tillämpades en ny kombination av analysmetoder, som inkluderade in-situ-mätningar av (i) sedimentgeofysiska och geotekniska egenskaper som en del av analys för släntstabilitet, (ii) spridning av föroreningar genom advektion och diffusion, (iii) bioackumulation och biomagnifikation i bentiska organismer och (iv) studier av mikrobiell genetik. Resultaten visar att de fiberbankar som studerats är svåra att ta prover på och svåra att fysiskt karakterisera med de metoder som traditionellt används på sediment som vanligtvis har en högre minerogen halt. Den naturliga produktionen av gas, som är resultatet av mikrobiell nedbrytning av organiskt material, har lett till att fiberbankarna har en låg bulkdensitet, vilket i sin tur medför att gränsen mellan fiberbanken och överliggande vattenmassa är svåra att urskilja. Baserat på en kombination av flera metoder och parametrar beräknades exempelvis en av fiberbankarna vara ungefär 12 m mäktig vid en provtagningsplats, vilket var betydligt mer än en tidigare uppskattning som gjorts baserat på mer begränsade metoder. Det framgick också att de fiberbankar som studerats är relativt stabila i relation till släntstabilitet, förmodligen på grund av den låga bulkdensiteten. Däremot finns det en risk att de underliggande naturliga sedimenten som fiberbanken vilar på kan ge vika på grund av ökat porvattentryck i relativt grova skikt inbäddade i finsedimenten.

Published
2020

15. Study protocol: childhood outcomes of fetal genomic variants: the PrenatAL Microarray (PALM) cohort study.

Author

Hui, Lisa, Pynaker, Cecilia, Kennedy, Joanne, Lewis, Sharon, Amor, David J., Walker, Susan P., Halliday, Jane, On behalf of the PALM cohort study group, Norris, Fiona, Gugasyan, Lucy, Regan, Matt, Vasudevan, Anand, Fawcett, Susan, McGillivray, George, Graetz, Melissa, Said, Joanne, Begg, Lisa, Wapner, Ron, and Levy, Brynn

Subjects
HEALTH behavior, RESEARCH protocols, DNA copy number variations, GENETIC variation, COHORT analysis, POSTNATAL care
Abstract

Background: The implementation of genomic testing in pregnancy means that couples have access to more information about their child's genetic make-up before birth than ever before. One of the resulting challenges is the management of genetic variations with unclear clinical significance. This population-based study will help to close this critical knowledge gap through a multidisciplinary cohort study of children with and without genomic copy number variants (CNVs) diagnosed before birth. By comparing children with prenatally-ascertained CNVs to children without a CNV, we aim to (1) examine their developmental, social-emotional and health status; (2) measure the impact of prenatal diagnosis of a CNV on maternal perceptions of child health, behavior and development; and (3) determine the proportion of prenatally-ascertained CNVs of unknown or uncertain significance that are reclassified as benign or pathogenic after 2 or more years. Methods: This study will establish and follow up a cohort of mother-child pairs who have had a prenatal diagnosis with a chromosomal microarray from 2013-2019 in the Australian state of Victoria. Children aged 12 months to 7 years will be assessed using validated, age-appropriate measures. The primary outcome measures will be the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence IV (WPSSI-IV) IQ score (2.5 to 7 year old's), the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (12-30 months old), and the Brief Infant- Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA) score. Clinical assessment by a pediatrician will also be performed. Secondary outcomes will be scores obtained from the: Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, Maternal Postnatal Attachment Questionnaire, the Vulnerable Child Scale, Profile of Mood States, Parent Sense of Competence Scale. A descriptive analysis of the reclassification rates of CNVs after ≥2 years will be performed. Discussion: This study protocol describes the first Australian cohort study following children after prenatal diagnostic testing with chromosomal microarray. It will provide long-term outcomes of fetal genomic variants to guide evidence-based pre-and postnatal care. This, in turn, will inform future efforts to mitigate the negative consequences of conveying genomic uncertainty during pregnancy. Trial registration: ACTRN12620000446965p; Registered on April 6, 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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16. ORCID US Community Showcase (Webinar #2)

Author

Rabun, Sheila, Sherman, Bernette, Hawkins, Kevin, Fransen, Jan, and Regan, Matt

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Information Systems
Abstract

"ORCID US Community Showcase (Webinar #2)" was presented on January 30, 2019 by Sheila Rabun (LYRASIS), Bernette Sherman (ORCID), Kevin Hawkins (University of North Texas), Jan Fransen (University of Minnesota) and Matt Regan (University of Iowa).

Published
2019
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19. Paleoceanographic Time Series from Arctic Sediments - Paleo-Reconstruction and Biological Archives: Decade to Millenium

Author

O���Regan, Matt, Hendry, Katharine, Pienkowski, Anna, Dove, Dayton, M��rz, Christian, M��ller, Juliane, and Werner, Kirstin

Subjects
Earth sciences and geology, Earth Science
Abstract

Priority Sheet on paleoceanographic time series from Arctic sediments towards the 3rd International Conference on Arctic Research Planning (ICARPIII), Arctic in Rapid Transition

Published
2015
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20. Arctic in Rapid Transition (ART) - A Pan-Arctic Network Integrating Past, Present and Future

Author

Wegner, Carolyn, Kêdra, Monika, Morata, Nathalie, Findlay, Helen, Fritz, Michael, Majaneva, Sanna, Nikolopoulos, Anna, O´Regan, Matt, Pavlov, Alexey, Peeken, Ilka, Sampei, Makoto, and Werner, Kirstin

Abstract

Arctic sea ice is declining rapidly, simplifying access to oil and gas resources, enabling trans-Arctic shipping, and shifting the distribution of harvestable resources. This has brought the Arctic Ocean to the top of national and international political agendas. Alarmingly, sea-ice reductions are taking place more rapidly than predicted in any global climate model. This persistent mismatch between observed and predicted patterns makes planning and mitigation activities in the Arctic region even more complicated. Therefore, scientific knowledge of the present status of the Arctic Ocean and the process-based understanding of the mechanics of change are urgently needed to make useful predictions of future conditions throughout the Arctic region. Arctic in Rapid Transition (ART; http://www.iarc.uaf.edu/en/ART/) is a pan-Arctic scientific Network developed and steered by early-career scientists, which aims at studying the impact of environmental changes on the Arctic marine ecosystem. ART has a focus on bridging time-scales by incorporating paleo-studies with modern observations and modelling, science disciplines and geographic regions to better understand past and present response of Arctic marine ecosystems to sea ice transitions and climate change and to improve our predictive capability of future scenarios. Initiated as a continuation of the International Conference on Arctic Research Planning II (ICARP II) Marine Roundtable initiated in 2008, ART transited to a new status by becoming an official IASC Network in 2013. The first phase of ART (2010-2014) focuses on developing a formal network to bring together scientists working in different geographic and disciplinary areas who share a common interest in improving our understanding of Arctic change. The Second ART Science Workshop was held 21-24 October 2014 in Brest, France, in collaboration with the Association of Polar Early Career Scientists (APECS), the Permafrost Young Researchers Network (PYRN) and the European Institute for Marine Studies. During this international workshop entitled “Integrating spatial and temporal scales in the changing Arctic System: towards future research priorities” (ISTAS) research priorities from an early to mid-career perspective were drafted which will feed into the third International Conference on Arctic Research Planning (ICARP III) in Toyama, Japan in 2015. This workshop brought together about 70 early career, mid-career and senior scientists from different Arctic research areas including marine, cryosphere, atmosphere, terrestrial, and socio-economic topics to ensure knowledge transfer across generations and disciplines. The second phase of ART (2014-2018) will be centered on active data collection, such as through the TRANSSIZ (Transitions in the Arctic Seasonal Sea Ice Zone) expedition, which is included in the cruise plan of the German RV ‘Polarstern’ in spring 2015. The final phase of ART will be a synthesis stage, so that the legacy of ART will be a coherent set of knowledge, which would feed into physical-biological models at various scales in order to develop more robust scenarios regarding the future state of Arctic coastal and marine ecosystems, their productive capacity, how they impact the dynamics of greenhouse gases, as well as their role in global processes.

Published
2015

29. Feedback.

Author

Regan, Matt, Beecher, Karl, Kalwani, Vishaal, Campbell, Cheryl, Leisner, Marty, von Stromberg, Eric, Bogle, Gib, and Pylant, Jeff

Published
2015

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