696 results on '"Reena Singh"'
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2. Comparison of clinical outcomes between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes – A prospective interventional study
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Md Ibrahime Asif, Rajesh Sinha, Shahnaz Anjum, Pranita Sahay, Reena Singh, Tushar Agarwal, Namrata Sharma, and Jeewan S Titiyal
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femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery ,flacs ,phacoemulsification ,post-vitrectomy cataract ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes and surgical safety between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPCS) in vitrectomized eyes. Methods: A prospective interventional comparative study was conducted at a tertiary eye care center. Sixty consecutive cases requiring cataract surgery following pars plana vitrectomy were allocated into Group 1 (n = 30), who underwent FLACS with intraocular lens implantation, and Group 2 (n = 30), who underwent CPCS with intraocular lens implantation, and followed up for 3 months. Primary outcome measures were intraoperative ultrasonic cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) and intraoperative and postoperative complications. The secondary outcome measures were postoperative changes in endothelial cell count (ECC) and central corneal thickness (CCT). Results: Baseline corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), ECC, and CCT were comparable. Intraoperative CDE was significantly less in the FLACS group (8.11 vs. 15.83 percentage seconds; P = 0.012) with no intraoperative complication in either group. The postoperative CDVA was comparable between the groups with a trend toward earlier visual recovery in the FLACS group. The postoperative day (POD) 1 endothelial cell loss was higher in the CPCS group (7.54% vs. 2.05%), with the mean endothelial cell density being significantly higher in the FLACS group throughout the follow-up period (P < 0.05). POD-1 corneal edema was higher in the CPCS group compared to FLACS with no significant difference on follow-up. Intraoperative migration of silicone oil to the anterior chamber was observed in 40% versus 0% in the CPCS versus FLACS groups, respectively. Conclusion: FLACS can be safely performed in post-vitrectomy eyes with lesser intraoperative ultrasonic energy used, postoperative endothelial cell loss, and change in CCT compared to CPCS.
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- 2024
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3. Effect of mindfulness-based intervention on perceived stress among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
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Soumi Naskar, Sanjukta Dixit, Sivasankari Varadharasu, Jigyansa I. Pattnaik, and Reena Singh
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breast cancer patients ,chemotherapy ,effect ,mindfulness-based intervention (mbi) ,perceived stress ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most prevalent disease among women in India and one of the most dangerous and lethal. Chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients may have perceived stress, which is defined as emotions of mental or physical exhaustion that make them feel angry or anxious. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) gives some ideas in line with the conventional mindfulness technique. Purposes: (i) To assess the effect of MBI on perceived stress among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. (ii) To determine the association between perceived stress with selected demographic variables among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: The current quantitative pre- and postexperimental study was carried out in two oncology departments of selected cancer hospitals, Bhubaneswar. A total number of 40 breast cancer patients of perceived stress receiving chemotherapy and data were gathered by using a self-structured socio-demographic proforma and a structured Perceived Stress Scale 10. The experimental group received MBI, and a posttest was conducted on the 17th day on both the groups after 10 days of the termination of intervention. This MBI was provided to breast cancer patients for five sessions over five days continuously, each session for 45 min with mindfulness breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation techniques, practising meditation, and guided imagery technique. Results: The study findings illustrated that reduction of perceived stress among female breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with (t = 2.2463) (P = 0.0306) at the P < 0.05; furthermore, there is one socio-demographic variable which had association with perceived stress that is history of psychiatric illness (χ2 = 14.1176) (P = 0.0009) and others had no association with perceived stress. Conclusion: MBI was an effective therapy for reducing the perceived stress of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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- 2024
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4. Replication study identified EFEMP1 association with varicose vein predisposition among Indians
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Rohit Mehra, Vikram Patra, Rishi Dhillan, Anuka Sharma, Sonal Kashyap, Garima Rastogi, Love Gupta, Reena Singh, Chirag Chopra, and Varun Sharma
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EFEMP1 ,Varicose veins ,Genotyping ,Indians ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Varicose vein is a chronic condition that affects the lower extremities of the human body. Several factors have been implicated in the development of this disease, viz age, gender, weight, height and prolonged standing. Recently, genome-wide studies have identified genetic biomarkers that are associated with varicose veins in different ethnic groups. Such genetic studies are lacking in South Asians specifically in Indians where the prevalence of varicose veins is high, and it is important to replicate these variants in the stated population. The study aimed to replicate the association of genetic variants associated with varicose veins in this target population, which were found to be associated with the other ethnic groups. Methodology The studied cohort is of the Indian population comprising unrelated 104 varicose veins cases and 448 non-varicose vein controls. The samples were genotyped using the Illumina Global Screening Array. Using the genomic data from UK BioBank and 23andMe studied cohorts; eight genetic variants were selected to replicate in our dataset. The allelic association was performed to identify the effective allele and risk was estimated using odds ratio and p-value as level of significance. Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction was used to estimate the cumulative effect of variants in Indians. Result Variant rs3791679 of EFEMP1 was found to be associated with varicose veins in Indians. After observing the association of the EFEMP1 with varicose veins, we further ensued to identify all genetic variants within EFEMP1 to uncover the additional variants associated with this trait. Interestingly, we identified six new variants of EFEMP1 gene that have shown association. Moreover, the cumulative effect of all associated variations was estimated and the risk was 2.7 times higher in cases than controls whereas independently their effect ranges from 0.37–1.58. Conclusion This study identifies EFEMP1 as a potential gene related to the risk of varicose veins in Indians. It also highlights that evaluating the maximum number of variants of a gene rather than focusing solely on replicating single variations offers a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the genetic factors contributing to a complex trait like varicose veins.
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- 2024
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5. Assessing knowledge and awareness levels regarding cervical cancer and HPV vaccination in the Jammu regions
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Ridhima Jasrotia, Isha Kashyap, Jyotsna Suri, Chirag Chopra, Atif Khurshid Wani, Nazli Tizro, Abhineet Goyal, and Reena Singh
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Cervical cancer ,Human papillomavirus (HPV) ,HPV vaccine ,Real time polymerase chain reaction ,Vaccination ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer global burden is highly skewed towards poor countries primarily due to lack of awareness, poor screening, and low uptake of prophylactic vaccines. The purpose of our study is to educate and raise awareness among young girls and women about the importance of cervical screening and HPV vaccination. Materials and Methods: The present study, conducted from January 2023 to December 2023, focused on students, teachers, housewives, and healthcare professionals in the Jammu region to assess their awareness of cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine. HPV DNA testing was carried out using the Truenat Real-Time PCR method at Swastik Diagnostic Laboratory, Jammu. Results: Knowledge of cervical cancer, awareness of the HPV virus, and the vaccination status of women were assessed in survey. In the HPV screening test, out of 2,400 women, 106 tested positive for HPV. Among these 106 women, 19% had a high viral load (Ct < 20), 11% had a low viral load (25 ≤ Ct < 30), indicating a low relative concentration of HPV viruses, 40% had a medium viral load (20 ≤ Ct < 25), and 30% had very low viral loads (Ct ≥ 30). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of routine cervical screenings, such as Pap smears and HPV tests, for the early detection of cervical cancer. There is an urgent need to implement cervical cancer screening and vaccination programs in the Jammu region.
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- 2024
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6. Microalgae-based biodiesel production and its challenges and future opportunities: A review
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Kumar Gaurav, Krishna Neeti, and Reena Singh
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Biodiesel production ,Challenges ,Opportunities ,Sustainable ,Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves and rising greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions have necessitated research into low-cost renewable energy sources, with a focus on algal-derived biofuels. Biodiesel, a sustainable alternative fuel, can be derived from a variety of biological sources Microalgae-based biodiesel production offers an innovative method of generating renewable and sustainable energy. By utilizing advanced cultivation techniques, such as photobioreactors and open pond systems, microalgae can be grown efficiently and in large quantities. Furthermore, various methods, such as lipid extraction and transesterification, are employed to convert the lipid-rich microalgae biomass into biodiesel. However, to make microalgae-based biodiesel production more cost-effective and sustainable, several challenges need to be addressed, such as higher production costs, reduced productivity rates, and potential environmental impacts. Future opportunities lie in creating cost-effective and sustainable methods for cultivating and harvesting microalgae, improving lipid yields, and creating effective conversion methods. Overall, microalgae-based biodiesel production shows promise as a renewable and sustainable energy source. However, further research and development must take place to realize its full potential and reap its rewards.
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- 2024
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7. Gut-brain axis and Alzheimer's disease: Therapeutic interventions and strategies
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Hetender Singh, Chirag Chopra, Hemender Singh, Vikas Malgotra, Atif Khurshid Wani, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Indu Sharma, Eugenie Nepovimova, Suliman Alomar, Reena Singh, Varun Sharma, and Kamil Kuca
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Alzheimer’s disease ,Exopolysaccharide ,Neurological disorders ,Probiotics ,Gut-brain axis ,Gut microbiome ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The effects of the gut microbiome on the brain and the mechanisms of gut-brain communication have been popular research topics for the past few decades. The term gut-brain axis (GBA) evolved to illustrate how the gut and gut microbiota communicate with the brain. The gut-brain axis is an interplay of the neural, endocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways that help to maintain the brain's homeostasis. Several groups have reported that gut dysbiosis is significantly associated with neuroinflammation, aggregation of amyloid beta, and an increase in oxidative stress during Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Understanding the exact mechanism of how the gut microbiome influences brain function may help develop new therapeutic modalities for AD. This review highlights the functioning of the gut microbiome in AD pathogenesis, the potential beneficial effects of probiotic exopolysaccharides as therapeutic molecules, and the potential benefits of probiotic exopolysaccharides (EPS) as a ray of hope in treating AD.
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- 2024
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8. To exploring the role of probiotics, plant-based fermented products, and paraprobiotics as anti-inflammatory agents in promoting human health
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Harsh Kumar, Rajni Dhalaria, Shivani Guleria, Richard Cimler, Rajni Choudhary, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Reena Singh, Neetika Kimta, Kanika Dulta, Ashok Kumar Pathera, Azhar Khan, Mohammad Nausad, Suliman Y. Alomar, Sivakumar Manickam, and Kamil Kuča
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Lactobacillus ,Gut microbiota ,Human health ,Non-viable bacteria ,Polyphenols ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Inflammation is a complex response to tissue damage and pathogens that can lead to chronic inflammatory disorders and various health complications. Conventional inflammation treatments have limitations, driving the search for alternative approaches. Probiotics have gained attention for their immunomodulatory properties, while paraprobiotics have emerged as a promising anti-inflammatory strategy. Probiotics like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces, and Bacillus can interact with immune cells through toll-like receptors, triggering the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines and promoting immune cell differentiation. Studies carried out in vivo revealed that TNF- α, TRL4, and NF-κB were downregulated by Lactobacilli species. In contrast, Bifidobacterium species elevated IL-10 and Foxp3. This helps maintain immune balance and reduce hyperinflammatory responses. Probiotic plant-based fermented products also suppressed NF-κB signalling activation and decreased iNOS and COX-2 synthesis. Paraprobiotics, on the other hand, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and have shown promising results in regulating immune responses and alleviating symptoms in specific inflammatory conditions. They may address concerns related to the viability and safety of live probiotics. This review emphasizes the potential of probiotics, probiotic plant-based fermented products, and paraprobiotics as therapeutic agents for managing inflammatory disorders arising from malnutrition, gut diseases, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. It discusses in-vitro, in-vivo, and human studies highlighting the role of different probiotic strains, commercially available probiotics, challenges with probiotics, probiotic plant-based fermented products, and paraprobiotics in combating inflammation.
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- 2023
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9. Building the taxonomic profile of the Riniaie Marwah hot spring of Kishtwar in Jammu and Kashmir: the first high-throughput sequencing-based metagenome study
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Atif Khurshid Wani, Suhail Ahmad, Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro, Nazli Tizro, and Reena Singh
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Hot spring ,Metagenome ,Taxonomy ,High throughput DNA sequencing ,Illumina sequencing ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Rinaie Marwah hot spring Kishtwar (RMHSK) is one of the geothermal springs located at 33°51′51′′N 75°32′07′′E with an elevation of 2134 meters above sea level in Jammu and Kashmir, India. We aimed to study the microbial diversity of this geothermal spring using metagenomics. Materials and Methods: In the present study, physiochemical parameters including temperature (65-75oC), pH (6. 9-8. 8), hardness (250 ppm), and mineral content was measured along with the microbial diversity using Illumina MiSeq metagenome-based 16s amplicon sequencing (V3-V4). The sequence reads were classified taxonomically into 31 phyla, 71 classes, 152 orders, 256 families, 410 genus, and 665 species. QIIME 2 (Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology), an extensible, powerful, and decentralized analytical tool, was used for taxonomic analysis. Results: Bacteroidota (32. 57%) was the dominant phylum, Bacteroidia (32. 51%) the dominant class, Bacteroidales (16. 6%) the dominant order, and Lentimicrobiaceae (14. 23%) was the dominant family per the abundance analysis. Shannon (2. 28) and Chao 1 (87. 0) diversity indices support the existence of higher microbial diversity in RMHSK (50717 OTUs). Conclusion: The microbial diversity of RMHSK is reported for the first time through a metagenomic study. Identification of microorganisms with characteristics that are relevant to industries.
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- 2023
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10. Acute coronary syndrome in young (≤45 years) patients: An observational study
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Chandrashekhara Pandey, Reena Singh, Pankaj Kumar Vasantrao Talokar, Rujuta Parikh, and Gaurav Singh
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acute coronary syndrome ,coronary artery disease ,risk factors ,young adults ,Medicine ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is witnessing a demographic transition with increasing prevalence among younger individuals (≤45 years). Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the clinical features, risk factors, and angiographic profile of young (aged ≤ 45 years) patients with ACS and to compare it with the older (aged >45 years) patients with ACS. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted at a tertiary care center in India from July 2020 to December 2021. A total of 157 patients were enrolled, among which 90 patients were included in cases (group-I). The inclusion criteria were patients presenting with ACS aged between 18 and 45 years. There were two control groups, including 34 patients with ACS (aged >45 years) in Group II and 33 healthy volunteers in Group III (aged 18–45 years). Baseline demographic details, risk factors, and angiographic profile of patients with ACS in each group were recorded and compared. Results: Mean age of Group I was 39.79 ± 5.15 years and of Group II was 59.74 ± 8.21 years. Smoking (P = 0.027) and family history of coronary artery disease (P = 0.022) were the significant risk factors of ACS in Group I. Compared to non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (16.7%), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (83.3%) was predominant among younger patients with ACS. Single-vessel disease was prevalent among younger patients (62.2%) as compared to older patients with ACS (41.20%). Conclusion: Younger patients with ACS exhibited a distinct clinical and angiographic profile compared to older patients with ACS.
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- 2023
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11. Central venous catheterization-related complications in a cohort of 100 hospitalized patients: An observational study
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Reena Singh, Naimish Patel, Nidhi Mehta, Gaurav Singh, and Nirav Patel
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central venous catheter ,complications ,central line ,central venous access ,critical care ,internal jugular vein ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the complications of central venous catheterization (CVC). Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care center in India from December 2018 to September 2020. Critically ill patients (aged ≥18 years) in the intensive care unit undergoing CVC procedures were included in the study. Baseline demographics and detailed medical history were recorded. Chest X-rays and electrocardiography were performed on all the patients. Complications associated with CVC were recorded. Results: A total of 100 patients with the indication for centralvenous catheter insertion were included. The majority (81%) of the patients were inserted with CVC at the right internal jugular vein. Complications such as arterial puncture (2%), hematoma (4%), blood clot formation (4%), catheter kinking (3%), thoracic injury(1%), thrombophlebitis (6%), sepsis (9%) and nerve injury (1%)were reported. Conclusions: Though central venous access is preferred in management of critically ill patients, it has its risks. However, early recognition and prompt management of complications may reduce mortality and morbidity. Physicians and intensive care unit intensivists should be vigilant for central venous catheter-related complications. Suitable site selection, operator experience, and proper catheter maintenance are associated with optimal outcomes.
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- 2023
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12. Anti-oxidant potential of plants and probiotic spp. in alleviating oxidative stress induced by H2O2
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Harsh Kumar, Rajni Dhalaria, Shivani Guleria, Richard Cimler, Ruchi Sharma, Shahida Anusha Siddiqui, Marian Valko, Eugenie Nepovimova, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Reena Singh, Vijay Kumar, Ashok Kumar Pathera, Narinder Verma, Talwinder Kaur, Sivakumar Manickam, Suliman Y. Alomar, and Kamil Kuča
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Anti-oxidant ,Hydrogen peroxide ,Oxidative stress ,Plant phytoconstituents ,Probiotics ,Human health ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a metabolic by-product. ROS molecules trigger oxidative stress as a feedback response that significantly initiates biological processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis. Furthermore, extensive research has revealed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important ROS entity and plays a crucial role in several physiological processes, including cell differentiation, cell signalling, and apoptosis. However, excessive production of H2O2 has been shown to disrupt biomolecules and cell organelles, leading to an inflammatory response and contributing to the development of health complications such as collagen deposition, aging, liver fibrosis, sepsis, ulcerative colitis, etc. Extracts of different plant species, phytochemicals, and Lactobacillus sp (probiotic) have been reported for their anti-oxidant potential. In this view, the researchers have gained significant interest in exploring the potential plants spp., their phytochemicals, and the potential of Lactobacillus sp. strains that exhibit anti-oxidant properties and health benefits. Thus, the current review focuses on comprehending the information related to the formation of H2O2, the factors influencing it, and their pathophysiology imposed on human health. Moreover, this review also discussed the anti-oxidant potential and role of different extract of plants, Lactobacillus sp. and their fermented products in curbing H2O2‑induced oxidative stress in both in-vitro and in-vivo models via boosting the anti-oxidative activity, inhibiting of important enzyme release and downregulation of cytochrome c, cleaved caspases-3, − 8, and − 9 expression. In particular, this knowledge will assist R&D sections in biopharmaceutical and food industries in developing herbal medicine and probiotics-based or derived food products that can effectively alleviate oxidative stress issues induced by H2O2 generation.
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- 2023
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13. Cartooning Through Crisis: The Case of Abu in India’s Emergency Years 1975-77
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Neha Khurana and Reena Singh
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Censorship ,Satirical political cartoons ,Emergency ,Speech act theory ,Abu Abraham ,Offensive cartoons ,Language and Literature - Abstract
This paper is an attempt to understand the communicative potential of political cartoons in the face of censorship. The Emergency Years in India (1975-77) saw the most stringent censorship of mass media in the public sphere in independent India, and thus has been chosen as the period of study. The cartoonist Abu Abraham, who continued to draw cartoons for the national daily Indian Express throughout the period and claims to have not been disturbed much by censorious authorities becomes the axis of this analysis. Taking cues from theorists Judith Butler and Louis Althusser, the paper focusses on the techniques and strategies employed by Abraham in his cartoons that allowed most of his cartoons to pass through the censorship filters, and still make an impact on the general public.
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- 2023
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14. Assessment of Corrosion Potential Based on Water Quality Index in the Distribution Network of Urban Patna, Bihar, India
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Saurabh Kumar, Reena Singh and N. S. Maurya
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water quality index, corrosiveness index, water supply, distribution network ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,TD194-195 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Corrosion in the distribution network pipe can lead to pipe failure and water quality problems. This study assesses the corrosion or scaling potential based on the Water Quality Index (WQI) of drinking water in the distribution networks of Patna, Bihar, India. The water samples were collected from 18 points of the distribution network. In situ parameters like temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, and TDS were measured. Other parameters such as Alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Residual chlorine, Sulfate, Nitrate, and Dissolved oxygen were examined in the laboratory. Corrosiveness indicators, such as the Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar stability index (RSI), Puckorius scaling index (PSI), Larson-Skold index (Ls), and Aggressive index (AI) are being used for water sample corrosion prediction. Experimental Corrosion rate (CR) is analyzed to show the actual prediction of corrosion. WQI was calculated to observe the effect of water quality on Corrosiveness indices and CR. A general conclusion was reached that LSI concludes 66.67% corrosive, 22.22% scaling, and 11.11% neutral, RSI concludes 88.88% corrosive, 5.56% scaling, and 5.56% neutral, PSI indicates 38.88% corrosive, 5.56% scaling, and 55.56% neutral, Ls indicates 94.44% scaling, and 5.56% corrosive, AI indicates 77.78% corrosive, and only 22.22% scaling. The average Experimental Corrosion rate is found at 1.91 mils per year. In this study, a weak correlation (r = 0.35) between Corrosion rate and WQI has been observed. A weak correlation is also observed between corrosion rate and corrosiveness indices (r < 0.5). It is concluded that the Corrosiveness Indices fail to represent the actual behavior of water.
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- 2022
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15. Extracellular vesicle contents as non-invasive biomarkers in ovarian malignancies
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Lindsey A. McAlarnen, Prachi Gupta, Reena Singh, Sunila Pradeep, and Pradeep Chaluvally-Raghavan
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extracellular vesicles ,ovarian cancer ,biomarkers ,liquid biopsy ,epithelial cancer ,solid tumor ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Ovarian cancer most commonly presents at an advanced stage where survival is approximately 30% compared with >80% if diagnosed and treated before disease spreads. Diagnostic capabilities have progressed from surgical staging via laparotomy to image-guided biopsies and immunohistochemistry staining, along with advances in technology and medicine. Despite improvements in diagnostic capabilities, population-level screening for ovarian cancer is not recommended. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 40–150 nm structures formed when the cellular lipid bilayer invaginates. These structures function in cell signaling, immune responses, cancer progression, and establishing the tumor microenvironment. EVs are found in nearly every bodily fluid, including serum, plasma, ascites, urine, and effusion fluid, and contain molecular cargo from their cell of origin. This cargo can be analyzed to yield information about a possible malignancy. In this review we describe how the cargo of EVs has been studied as biomarkers in ovarian cancer. We bring together studies analyzing evidence for various cargos as ovarian cancer biomarkers. Then, we describe the role of EVs in modulation of the tumor microenvironment. This review also summarizes the therapeutic and translational potential of EVs for their optimal utilization as non-invasive biomarkers for novel treatments against cancer.
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- 2022
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16. A Video-Observed Treatment Strategy to Improve Adherence to Treatment Among Persons Who Inject Drugs Infected With Hepatitis C Virus: Qualitative Study of Stakeholder Perceptions and Experiences
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Alison Karasz, Krupa Merchant, Julia Arnsten, Judith Feinberg, Arthur Y Kim, Paula J Lum, Melissa Diane McKee, Shruti H Mehta, Paul Meissner, Brianna L Norton, Kimberly Page, Irene Pericot-Valverde, Reena Singh, Ellen Stein, Lynn E Taylor, Judith I Tsui, Katherine Wagner, and Alain Litwin
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundDirect-acting antiviral medications have the potential to eliminate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic among people who inject drugs; yet, suboptimal adherence remains a barrier. Directly observed treatment (DOT), an effective strategy for optimizing adherence, has been frequently implemented in opioid treatment programs but less commonly in community health settings due to the heavy burden of daily visits. An alternative is video-observed therapy (VOT), which uses mobile health technology to monitor adherence. VOT has not been widely studied among people who inject drugs with HCV. ObjectiveThis qualitative study, part of a larger implementation evaluation, investigates stakeholder perceptions and experiences with VOT in Project HERO (Hepatitis C Real Outcomes), a multisite pragmatic trial testing treatment delivery models for people who inject drugs with HCV. Our goal was to understand the potential barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the VOT technology. MethodsQualitative interviews were conducted with 27 Project HERO study staff and 7 patients. Interviews focused on perceptions and experiences with the VOT app and barriers and facilitators to implementation. Team meeting minutes over the first 2 years of the project were transcribed. A coding system was developed and applied to the data. We summarized thematic data and compared participant perceptions to generate a close understanding of the data. ResultsFrequent barriers to VOT included mechanical failure, stolen or lost phones, and a steep learning curve for participants and study staff. In sites with older and less technically skilled participants, staff found it difficult to implement the VOT app. Research staff found that the routine monitoring of app use led to closer engagement with participants. This was both a benefit and a potential threat to the validity of this pragmatic trial. Patient participants reported mixed experiences. ConclusionsVOT may be a useful alternative to DOT for some patients, but it may not be feasible for all. Significant staff involvement may be required.
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- 2023
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17. Air Pollution, Its Health Effects on Residents of Patna: A Case Study
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Krishna Neeti, Mohammad Minhaj Faisal, and Reena Singh
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air pollution ,short-term effects ,long-term effects ,chi square test ,extrapolation ,air quality forecasting ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Air pollution is a serious issue in most parts of Bihar, especially in its capital city, Patna. The air quality in Patna has significantly worsened due to factors like rapid urbanization, increased traffic, and various natural and human-related causes. This decline in air quality has led to several negative health effects. In light of this, the aim of this study was to examine how air pollution affects the long-term health of Patna’s residents, taking into account age and exposure time as important factors. We gathered data from one busy intersection in Patna, specifically Danapur. Health effects from air pollution were collected from the residents via a formatted questionnaire. To analyze the relationship between age, exposure time, and the health effects reported by the participants, we used a statistical test called the chi square test of independence. The findings of the study revealed a clear link between age, exposure time, and the health status of the participants. We concluded that older individuals and those with longer exposure times faced a higher risk associated with the increasing air pollution levels. This study provides a foundation for raising awareness among both authorities and the general public of the adverse health impacts associated with declining air quality, emphasizing the urgency in taking appropriate measures to counter this challenge.
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- 2023
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18. Diverse Applications of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in Implementing Integrated Solid Waste Management: A Short Review
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Sakshi, Krishna Neeti, and Reena Singh
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remote sensing ,waste management ,integrated solid waste collection ,optimization ,Engineering machinery, tools, and implements ,TA213-215 - Abstract
The ever-growing global population, combined with the industrial revolution and increased consumerism, has led to an exponential surge in waste generation. The implementation of integrated solid waste management (ISWM) is crucial for addressing the challenges posed by increasing waste generation and limited landfill space. Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have emerged as powerful tools to support ISWM strategies through their diverse applications. This short review explores the novel applications of RS and GIS in ISWM and highlights their potential for enhancing waste management practices. RS techniques, such as satellite imagery and aerial photography, enable the accurate mapping and monitoring of waste generation, disposal sites, and recycling facilities. GIS facilitates spatial analysis and decision-making, allowing for optimized waste collection routes, landfill site selection, and the identification of suitable locations for waste-to-energy projects. Furthermore, RS and GIS provide valuable insights into waste composition analysis, landfill stability assessment, and environmental impact evaluation. This review underscores the importance of leveraging RS and GIS technologies to improve waste management practices and offers valuable recommendations for future research in this field.
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- 2023
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19. Metagenomic DNA Sequencing: Technological Advances and Applications
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Dhanjal, Daljeet Singh, Chopra, Chirag, Chopra, Reena Singh, Chopra, Reena Singh, editor, Chopra, Chirag, editor, and Sharma, Neeta Raj, editor
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- 2020
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20. Metagenomics and Enzymes: The Novelty Perspective
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Dhanjal, Daljeet Singh, Chopra, Reena Singh, Chopra, Chirag, Chopra, Reena Singh, editor, Chopra, Chirag, editor, and Sharma, Neeta Raj, editor
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- 2020
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21. The New Science of Metagenomics: Revealing the Secrets of Microbial Physiology
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Singh, Saurabh, Singh, Harpreet, Rout, Biswaranjan, Tripathi, Raja Babu Mani, Chopra, Chirag, Chopra, Reena Singh, Chopra, Reena Singh, editor, Chopra, Chirag, editor, and Sharma, Neeta Raj, editor
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- 2020
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22. Groundwater Quality Assessment and Health Risks from Fluoride in Jamui, Bihar
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Krishna Neeti and Reena Singh
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fluoride ,groundwater ,correlation analysis ,health risks ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 - Abstract
This study aimed to determine the fluoride concentration in drinking water and assess its health risks by analyzing 12 physicochemical parameters, including fluoride, pH, EC, TDS, chloride, carbonate and bicarbonate (alkalinity), sulfate, nitrate, calcium, and magnesium hardness. Correlation analysis, WQI, and HRA were used to determine whether groundwater in the study area was suitable for drinking. Correlation analysis showed that fluoride was negatively correlated with EC (-0.649), CO32- (-0.855) and positively correlated with Mg2+ (+0.559). All water samples exceeded the permissible fluoride limits according to BIS (IS 10500:2012). The WQI for all water samples was more than 100, indicating that the water was not suitable for drinking. Health risk assessment was also performed to determine the risks of non-carcinogenic diseases. The Hazard Index (HI) was determined as greater than 1. The HI ranged from 1.275 to 3.346 for adult men, 1.431 to 3.954 for adult women, and 1.986 to 5.4864 for children. Fluoride concentrations in drinking water pose a greater health risk to children than to adults. The fluoride level in drinking water is an essential parameter that must be monitored as a preventive measure against dental and skeletal fluorosis.
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- 2023
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23. Groundwater Quality Assessment Based on a Statistical Approach in Gaya District, Bihar
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Shaz Ahmad and Reena Singh
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drinking water ,physiochemical parameters ,statistical analysis ,Pearson's correlation ,principal component analysis ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 - Abstract
India is one of the countries that face the serious problem of groundwater contamination. The current study's main objective is to evaluate the quality of the groundwater in the Serghati and its surrounding region of the Gaya district and its suitability for drinking purposes. To achieve this aim, 75 groundwater samples from the 15 sampling sites were collected during the period from March to May 2022. We measured and analyzed the major physicochemical characteristics of the water and compared them to the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. With the help of the Water Quality Index (WQI), groundwater quality was assessed. According to the study results, 3 sites have a WQI value of more than 100, which is unsuitable for drinking. Correlation matrices were used to assess groundwater quality and the extent of the interdependencies of the various parameters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) reduces the number of significant variables. Three principal components with a total variance of 73.53% were identified and used in the analysis. Overall, the result indicates that most areas' water quality is good and safe for drinking.
- Published
- 2023
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24. Spatial Distribution and Health Risk Assessment based on Groundwater Fluoride Enrichment in Gaya, Bihar, India
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Shaz Ahmad and Reena Singh
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Gaya ,fluoride ,spatial distribution ,health risk assessment ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 - Abstract
Fluoride can be hazardous to the body if consumed in excess. Fluoride exposure in humans can occur through the consumption of contaminated groundwater. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of fluoride present in the area under investigation and to determine the health risks associated with its ingestion by adults and children. In accordance with the method recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency, the assessment of the health risk was done using the Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) and Hazard Quotient (HQfluoride). The fluoride in groundwater varies from 0.37 - 2.70mg/L in the study area. According to the sampling results of all locations, the HQfluoride value in adult males ranges from 0.38 to 2.77, 0.34 to 2.45 in adult females, and 0.41–3.0 in children, which is above the permissible limits for most of the sampling locations, indicating significantly higher health risks. The outcomes of this study could be beneficial for organizations in charge of promoting human health.
- Published
- 2023
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25. Exploring the world hot springs: A bibliometric analysis of global trends in metagenomics research
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Atif Khurshid Wani, Tahir ul Gani Mir, Nahid Akhtar, Chirag Chopra, Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro, Munleef Quadir, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Pankaj Kumar, IGAA Indrayani, Amik Krismawati, Anik Herwati, and Reena Singh
- Subjects
Microbiology ,Metagenomics ,Bibliometric ,Analysis ,Citations ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
The aim of the present study is to utilize bibliometric analytical tools to examine the trends in research publications within the hot spring metagenomics field. To achieve this, an in-depth exploration of the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases was undertaken to recognize scholarly articles within this research domain that were published from 2005 to 2022. As a result, a dataset consisting of 377 articles was obtained. The VOSviewer, RStudio, MS Excel, and MS Access were utilized to investigate the annual publication trend, the most productive journals, organizations/authors/countries, authorship and citation patterns, the most cited documents/articles, and the co-occurrence of keywords. According to the findings, the initial article related to hot spring metagenomics was published in 2005. At the end of 2010, the number of published articles was merely 27. However, since then, there has been a significant rise in the yearly number of publications, and post-2010, more than 20 articles have been published every year. The countries with the highest publication output in the field of hot spring metagenomics from 2005 to 2022 were the United States, India, China, and Japan. Montana State university, University of Nevada, Pennsylvania State University, and Bigelow laboratory for ocean sciences all from US have been most active organizations working in this field. The authors who have the highest number of citations, with Ward M. having 1202 and Bryant A. having 1173, also have the greatest total link strength (TLS) of 643 and 653, respectively. Around 11.40 % of the articles published across various sources and journals were contributed by Frontiers in Microbiology, which had the highest number of publications. Bryant's research article, published in 2007 in the Science journal, about phototrophic microbial mats in alkaline siliceous hot springs, has the highest citation score of 292 as of 2022. This research provides a comprehensive overview of the research landscape in hot spring metagenomics and to identify research trends, patterns, and knowledge gaps in this field. This information could be used by researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders to make informed decisions about future research directions and priorities in hot spring metagenomics.
- Published
- 2023
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26. P|s To 01 No. 7.5 Hp Hallar, Ip Conne. To Shri Shesh Kumar Rajwade At Vill. Ragda & 01 No. 28 Hp Ip Connection M|s Singh Fly Ash Bricks, Pro. Smt. Reena Singh At Vill. Karkoti Under Bhaiyathan D|c Under O&m Dn. Surajpur
- Subjects
Business, international - Abstract
Tenders are invited for P/S To 01 No. 7.5 Hp Hallar, Ip Conne. To Shri Shesh Kumar Rajwade At Vill. Ragda & 01 No. 28 Hp Ip Connection M/S Singh [...]
- Published
- 2017
27. Bioprospecting culturable and unculturable microbial consortia through metagenomics for bioremediation
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Atif Khurshid Wani, Nahid Akhtar, Nafiaah Naqash, Chirag Chopra, Reena Singh, Vineet Kumar, Sunil Kumar, Sikandar I. Mulla, and Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro
- Subjects
Chemical engineering ,TP155-156 - Abstract
With the enormous increase in population and industrial network, the harmful pollutants affecting biota have also escalated. The pollutants are consumed by living organisms directly or indirectly reducing animal and economic wellbeing. The degradation of contaminants is imperative owing to the prolonged persistence of contaminants like plastics, heavy metals, pesticides, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and hydrocarbons. Remediation of such pollutants requires efficient methods to prevent mobilizing-contaminants leaching into soil and finally to human beings. In this regard, metagenomics (MGs), a non-culturable technique, involving the direct recovery of the genetic material from environmental samples is an effective tool for understanding the remediation process mediated by microorganisms and their gene products like enzymes. MGs offers a gateway to previously hidden microbial communities grown in the normal and extreme environment through sequence-based or function-based approaches. The culture-independent MGs approach in combination with other meta-omics approaches involves an easy and rapid method for the selection of remediation-efficient microbes. This paper elucidates the negative implications of several contaminants on terrestrial and aquatic biota besides highlighting the role of MGs and associated meta-omics approaches in characterizing contaminant degrading microbes. The MGs research related to bioremediation can help to generate information that will improve the bioremediation process and aid in deciphering the complete microbe-mediated bioremediation mechanism pathways. In future MGs can be helpful to comprehensively understand the mechanisms involved in efficient bioremediation, develop new strategies and models for application in rapid, accurate and efficient bioremediation process and optimize the bioremediation technique. Furthermore, the application of metagenomics to determine microbial diversity and specific genes can act as pollution biomarkers.
- Published
- 2022
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28. Is 5 the New 25? Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes From a Phase II, Prospective, 5-Fraction Preoperative Radiation Therapy Trial in Patients With Localized Soft Tissue Sarcoma
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Meena Bedi, MD, Reena Singh, MD, John A. Charlson, MD, Tracy Kelly, MD, Candice Johnstone, MD, MPH, Adam Wooldridge, MD, MPH, Donald A. Hackbarth, MD, Nicole Moore, BS, CCRP, John C. Neilson, MD, and David M. King, MD
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Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Purpose: Management of adult soft tissue sarcomas entails a multidisciplinary approach with surgery and radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy. The use of preoperative irradiation has been well established, and although conventional fractionation involves daily treatments over the course of 5 weeks, higher doses per fraction may be beneficial due to the radiobiologic profile of sarcoma. In this study we report long-term oncologic outcomes from a single-institution, phase II study evaluating a 5-fraction hypofractionated course of preoperative radiation. Methods and materials: Preoperative hypofractionated radiation therapy was administered to 35 Gy in 5 fractions every other day followed by resection 4 to 6 weeks later. If given, chemotherapy consisted of a doxorubicin-ifosfamide-based regimen delivered neoadjuvantly. The primary endpoint was local control. Additional survival and pathologic outcomes, including overall and distant metastasis-free survival, tumor, and treatment-related pathology, as well as acute and late toxicity were examined. Results: Thirty-two patients were enrolled in this prospective, single-arm phase II trial. At a median follow-up of 36.4 months (range, 3-56), no patient developed a local recurrence, and the 3-year overall and distant metastasis-free survival was 82.2% and 69%, respectively. Major acute postoperative wound complications occurred in 25% of patients. Grade 2 and 3 fibrosis occurred in 21.7% and 13% of patients, respectively. The 2-year median and mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score for all patients was 28 and 27.4, respectively. Conclusions: A condensed course of preoperative hypofractionated radiation therapy leads to excellent rates of local control and survival with acceptable toxicity profiles. Potential studies ideally with phase II or III randomized trials would help corroborate these findings and other preoperative hypofractionated results in soft tissue sarcomas.
- Published
- 2022
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29. Enhanced structure and function of human pluripotent stem cell‐derived beta‐cells cultured on extracellular matrix
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Reena Singh, Louise Cottle, Thomas Loudovaris, Di Xiao, Pengyi Yang, Helen E. Thomas, Melkam A. Kebede, and Peter Thorn
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basement membrane ,diabetes ,differentiation ,glucose stimulated insulin secretion ,human pluripotent stem cell‐derived beta cells ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Abstract The differentiation of human stem cells into insulin secreting beta‐like cells holds great promise to treat diabetes. Current protocols drive stem cells through stages of directed differentiation and maturation and produce cells that secrete insulin in response to glucose. Further refinements are now needed to faithfully phenocopy the responses of normal beta cells. A critical factor in normal beta cell behavior is the islet microenvironment which plays a central role in beta cell survival, proliferation, gene expression and secretion. One important influence on native cell responses is the capillary basement membrane. In adult islets, each beta cell makes a point of contact with basement membrane protein secreted by vascular endothelial cells resulting in structural and functional polarization. Interaction with basement membrane proteins triggers local activation of focal adhesions, cell orientation, and targeting of insulin secretion. This study aims to identifying the role of basement membrane proteins on the structure and function of human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived beta cells. Here, we show that differentiated human stem cells‐derived spheroids do contain basement membrane proteins as a diffuse web‐like structure. However, the beta‐like cells within the spheroid do not polarize in response to this basement membrane. We demonstrate that 2D culture of the differentiated beta cells on to basement membrane proteins enforces cell polarity and favorably alters glucose dependent insulin secretion.
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- 2021
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30. Reena Singh
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Twentieth Century Fox Television -- Officials and employees ,Television production companies -- Officials and employees ,Arts and entertainment industries ,Business - Abstract
(a) VP, Current Programming 20th Century Fox Television (b) VP, Original Scripted Programming USA [...]
- Published
- 2015
31. Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion from β Cell Spheroids Is Enhanced by Embedding into Softer Alginate Hydrogels Functionalised with RGD Peptide
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Md Lutful Amin, Kylie Deng, Hien A. Tran, Reena Singh, Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina, and Peter Thorn
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3D organoids ,spheroids ,alginate ,insulin secretion ,pancreatic beta cells ,type 1 diabetes ,Technology ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Type 1 diabetes results from the loss of pancreatic β cells, reduced insulin secretion and dysregulated blood glucose levels. Replacement of these lost β cells with stem cell-derived β cells, and protecting these cells within macro-device implants is a promising approach to restore glucose homeostasis. However, to achieve this goal of restoration of glucose balance requires work to optimise β cell function within implants. We know that native β cell function is enhanced by cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions within the islets of Langerhans. Reproducing these interactions in 2D, such as culture on matrix proteins, does enhance insulin secretion. However, the impact of matrix proteins on the 3D organoids that would be in implants has not been widely studied. Here, we use native β cells that are dispersed from islets and reaggregated into small spheroids. We show these β cell spheroids have enhanced glucose-dependent insulin secretion when embedded into softer alginate hydrogels conjugated with RGD peptide (a common motif in extracellular matrix proteins). Embedding into alginate–RGD causes activation of integrin responses and repositioning of liprin, a protein that controls insulin secretion. We conclude that insulin secretion from β cell spheroids can be enhanced through manipulation of the surrounding environment.
- Published
- 2022
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32. Myxobacteria: Unraveling the Potential of a Unique Microbiome Niche
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Thakur, Pooja, Chopra, Chirag, Anand, Prince, Dhanjal, Daljeet Singh, Chopra, Reena Singh, Singh, Joginder, editor, Sharma, Deepansh, editor, Kumar, Gaurav, editor, and Sharma, Neeta Raj, editor
- Published
- 2018
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33. Study of vitamin D level in patients with different etiologies of chronic liver disease and its correlation with Child Pugh class in a tertiary care centre in North India
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Ajit Kumar Verma, Shri Krishna Gautam, Richa Giri, Reena Singh, and Vishal Gupta
- Subjects
General Engineering - Abstract
Background: Skeletal manifestation in liver diseases represents the minimally scrutinized part of the disease spectrum. Vitamin D has a central role in developing hepatic deficiency of osteodystrophy in patients with chronic liver disease. This study aimed to investigate vitamin D levels and their and their relationship with disease advancement in these patients according to child Pugh-score. Aims and Objectives were study of vitamin D level in patients with different aetiology of chronic liver disease and its correlation with child Pugh score. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted over 200 patients after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria in patients with different etiology of chronic liver disease. Results: In our study total (N=200), 152 patients of alcoholic liver disease 41 patients having deficient vitamin D, 79 having insufficient vitamin D level and 32 patients having normal vitamin D level. Patients of chronic liver disease also have negative correlation on vitamin D level with Child Pugh score. In our study it was found that patients having higher Child Pugh score there is more chance of having vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency than the patient’s low Child Pugh score. Conclusions: The prevalence of vitamin d deficiency in patients with CLD was found to be having a significant correlation with increasing CTP score with p value
- Published
- 2023
34. Acute pancreatitis, a significant mortality predictor in acute organophosphate poisoning: an observational study in a tertiary care centre in north India
- Author
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Aditya Tomar, Reena Singh, Vinay Kumar, and Samarjeet Kaur
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health - Abstract
Background: Organophosphate compounds are one of the most common agents used as poison and acts by accumulation of acetylcholine hormone at neuronal synapses resulting in the symptoms like excessive salivation, vomiting, urination, and increased serum amylase and lipase levels. APACHE 2 score along with ultrasound modality can be used to assess the acute pancreatitis. The primary aim of the study is to find correlation of serum amylase and lipase levels with duration of ICU stay and with radio-logical variables like bulky pancreas. Methods: This observational study conducted at GSVM medical college, Kanpur from December 2020 to October 2022 included 58 out of total 94 admitted patients with acute organophosphate intoxicationn on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided in 3 groups as mild, moderate and severe using q SOFA score at the time of admission. Results: Acute organophosphate poisoning was more prevalent among 20-40 years of age group. Mean serum amylase level values in q SOFA category 0, 1, 2, 3 were 65.2, 82.0, 118.4, 329.9 IU/l respectively and that of mean serum lipase levels on day 1 of admission values were 42.0, 44.3, 38.6 and 115.5 IU/l respectively. Serum amylase levels were positively correlated with duration of ICU stay and were better predictor for acute pancreatitis. Conclusions: In this study we concluded that serum amylase is a better predictor of duration of ICU stay and acute pancreatitis in patients admitted with acute organophosphate poisoning.
- Published
- 2023
35. Study of serum lipid profile in patients with chronic liver disease and its correlation with child Pugh class: a hospital based observational study in North Indian patients
- Author
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Ajit Kumar Verma, Shri Krishna Gautam, Richa Giri, J. S. Kushwaha, Vishal Gupta, and Reena Singh
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health - Abstract
Background: Liver disease impacts on hepatic synthesis of lipoproteins and lipogenesis but data on dyslipidemia during disease progression are limited. We want assess the patterns of dyslipidemia in with different etiology liver disease and its correlation with Child Pugh score from non-advanced (non-ACLD) advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) as it is unclear how progression to ACLD impacts on dyslipidemia-associated cardiovascular risk. Aim and objectives of current study were to determine serum lipid profile in patients with chronic liver disease and its correlation with Child Pugh score. Methods: It was Cross sectional, observational study conducted in 200 patients at KPS post graduate institute of medicine, GSVM medical college, Kanpur from December 2020 to October 2022. Results: In this study mean value of Serum Cholesterol (mg/dl) was 135.25 (27.88), Serum Triglycerides (mg/dl) was 122.27 (36.29), HDL Cholesterol was 46.92 (10.36), LDL Cholesterol was 62.77 (22.59), VLDL Cholesterol was 25.62 (8.71). In this study maximum patients of chronic liver disease were due to chronic alcohol intake which account for 76% patients, 2nd most common aetiology of chronic liver disease were chronic viral hepatitis and rest were due to Wilson disease, Budd Chiari syndrome non cirrhotic portal fibrosis and cryptogenic. Patients of chronic liver disease have negative correlation on lipid profile with Child Pugh score. Conclusions: From our study its was concluded that patients having higher CTP score having more derangement (low) in serum lipid profile (specially) serum cholesterol, serum HDL, serum VLDL) than the patients having low CTP score.
- Published
- 2023
36. Accessing Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis of Microbial Population of Soil from Hygam Wetland of Kashmir Valley
- Author
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Sarangi, Mousumi, Chopra, Chirag, Usman, Yusuf Ado, Dhanjal, Daljeet Singh, and Chopra, Reena Singh
- Published
- 2019
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37. Isolation and Characterization of Microbial Diversity of Soil of Dhanbad Coal Mines using Molecular Approach
- Author
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Anand, Prince, Chopra, Reena Singh, Dhanjal, Daljeet Singh, and Chopra, Chirag
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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38. Making the value of data determine the security: A case study of rural business process outsourcing.
- Author
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Reena Singh and Timothy A. Gonsalves
- Published
- 2019
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39. Evaluation of anterior segment parameters with two anterior segment optical coherence tomography systems: Visante and Casia, in primary angle closure disease
- Author
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Dewang Angmo, Reena Singh, Shweta Chaurasia, Suresh Yadav, and Tanuj Dada
- Subjects
Angle parameters ,anterior segment optical coherence tomography machines ,Casia ASOCT ,comparison ,FD-OCT ,primary angle closure disease ,Visante ASOCTSS-OCT ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Purpose: To determine the comparability of anterior chamber biometric measurements in primary angle closure disease (PACD) patients using two commercially available anterior segment optical coherence tomography machines (ASOCT): Visante and Casia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study, which included clinically, diagnosed cases of PACD. Anterior segment biometric measurements were done using Casia and Visante ASOCT. Parameters studied were central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), nasal (N) and temporal (T) angle opening distance at 500 μm (AOD500) and 750 μm (AOD750), and N and T trabecular iris space area at 500 μm (TISA500) and 750 μm (TISA750). Results: Total 36 PACD patients (72 eyes) with average age of 59.48 ± 7.95 years were recruited, out of which 25 were females (69.44%) and 11 males (30.56%). The mean measurements of CCT, ACD, AOD500, and TISA on Casia and Visante machines were 522.5 ± 34.75 μm and 539.55 ± 29.56 μm (P = 0.00); ACD- 2.144 ± 0.38 mm and 2.133 ± 0.39 mm (P = 0.487); AOD500-0.27 ± 0.16 μm and 0.21 ± 0.10 μm (P = 0.04); and TISA500-0.100 ± 0.07 μm and 0.063 ± 0.03 μm (P = 0.00), respectively. A statistically significant difference was noted in CCT, N and T AOD, and TISA. A good corelation for ACD and CCT (ACD = 0.9816 and CCT = 0.772) only were noted between the two machines. The Bland-Altman plot analysis of different parameters between two machines has revealed good agreement of measurement of ACD and CCT but poor agreement for rest of the parameters. Conclusion: It is advisable not use the two machines interchangeably because of the wide limits of agreement and poor correlation of angle measurement values of Casia and Visante ASOCT.
- Published
- 2019
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40. Phyto-Enrichment of Yogurt to Control Hypercholesterolemia: A Functional Approach
- Author
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Harsh Kumar, Kanchan Bhardwaj, Natália Cruz-Martins, Ruchi Sharma, Shahida Anusha Siddiqui, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Reena Singh, Chirag Chopra, Adriana Dantas, Rachna Verma, Noura S. Dosoky, and Dinesh Kumar
- Subjects
functional foods ,yogurt ,phyto-enrichment ,hypercholesterolemia ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Cholesterol is essential for normal human health, but elevations in its serum levels have led to the development of various complications, including hypercholesterolemia (HC). Cholesterol accumulation in blood circulation formsplaques on artery walls and worsens the individuals’ health. To overcome this complication, different pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are employed to reduce elevated blood cholesterol levels. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are the most commonly used drugs, but their prolonged use leads to several acute side effects. In recent decades, the potential benefit of ingesting yogurt on lipid profile has attracted the interest of researchers and medical professionals worldwide. This review aims to give an overview of the current knowledge about HC and the different therapeutic approaches. It also discusses the health benefits of yogurt consumption and highlights the overlooked phyto-enrichment option to enhance the yogurt’s quality. Finally, clinical studies using different phyto-enriched yogurts for HC management are also reviewed. Yogurt has a rich nutritional value, but its processing degrades the content of minerals, vitamins, and other vital constituents with beneficial health effects. The option of enriching yogurt with phytoconstituents has drawn a lot of attention. Different pre-clinical and clinical studies have provided new insights on their benefits on gut microbiota and human health. Thus, the yogurtphyto-enrichment with stanol and β-glucan have opened new paths in functional food industries and found healthy andeffective alternatives for HC all along with conventional treatment approaches.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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41. Modelling of corrosion rate in the drinking water distribution network using Design Expert 13 software
- Author
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Saurabh Kumar, Reena Singh, and Nityanand Singh Maurya
- Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Pollution - Abstract
This study focused on the modelling of corrosion rate of the water distribution network of Patna, (Bihar), India using Design Expert 13 software. A total of nine variables, including pH, temperature, total dissolved solid (TDS), alkalinity, calcium hardness, chloride, sulphate, dissolved oxygen (DO), and time, were considered for modelling. The physicochemical parameters were determined through regular monitoring of water samples. The corrosion rate was determined by direct monitoring of water distribution pipes using adjustments of seven GI coupons for 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 days. Modelling was performed using the low level and high-level experimental range for pH, temperature, TDS, alkalinity, calcium hardness, chloride, sulphate, DO, and time were 7.28, 23, 430, 115, 24, 18, 10.94, 3.5, 0 and 7.86, 28, 704, 284, 180, 98, 38.7, 6.8, and 315, respectively. Using the Box-Behnken design (BBD), 160 runs were conducted, including ten replicates at the central point of each block. The results of ANOVA indicate that values of R2, adjusted R2, and predicted R2 are 0.9714, 0.9507, and 0.8941, respectively. The value of R2 (0.9714) was close to 1, which indicates a good fit. The adequate precision was found to be 30.8442, indicating a good signal. A coefficient of variance discusses reproducibility, and in this case, it was 9.90%. On the basis of the ANOVA result, the quadratic model is well-fit and can be accepted as a suitable model. A total of seven parameters such as chloride, sulphate, hardness, alkalinity, pH, calcium, and hardness were used for the design of the experimental corrosion rate (CR). These individual CR vs. synthetic aqueous solutions were used to validate the interaction of the response surface. It was found that the trend of individual corrosion rates in synthetic aqueous solutions and the interaction of composite variables with corrosion rates in a quadratic model of response surfaces were clearly correlated.
- Published
- 2023
42. The role of green nanomaterials as effective adsorbents and applications in wastewater treatment
- Author
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Krishna Neeti, Reena Singh, and Shaz Ahmad
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
43. Dual Image Encryption Technique: Using Logistic Map and Noise.
- Author
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Muskaan Kalra, Hemant Kumar Dua, and Reena Singh
- Published
- 2017
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44. Accessing the Microbial Diversity of Sugarcane Fields from Gujjarwal Village, Ludhiana and their Molecular Identification
- Author
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Dhanjal, Daljeet Singh, Chopra, Chirag, Anand, Prince, and Chopra, Reena Singh
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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45. Identification and Characterization of an Alkalophilic Protease from Bacillus Mycoides strain isolated from Industrial Soil of Phagwara, India
- Author
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Sitoke, Amit, Chopra, Reena Singh, Kumar, G Pradip, and Chopra, Chirag
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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46. Chemically Modified Carbon Nanotubes for Lab on Chip Devices
- Author
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Sudhakar Bansod, Tanvir Arfin, Reena Singh, Shaz Ahmad, and Krishna Neeti
- Published
- 2022
47. Water quality analysis and corrosion potential of the distribution network of Patna, Bihar, India
- Author
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Saurabh Kumar, Reena Singh, and Nityanand Singh Maurya
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Drinking water distribution system water quality can be affected by chemical and microbial processes. A change in the chemical concentration of water is a result of pipe scaling and corrosion. It causes insignificant deterioration of water quality. This study determined the corrosion and scaling potential of the drinking water in the distribution networks of the water supply in Patna City, Bihar, India. For the determination of the physico-chemical parameters, 92 water samples were collected from 46 points of the distribution network. Four parameters were analysed in situ – namely, temperature, electrical conductivity, pH and total dissolved solids – and the remaining parameters – alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, nitrate and iron – were measured in the laboratory. Various widely used indices – namely, Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar stability index (RSI), Puckorius scaling index (PSI), Larson–Skold index (LS) and aggressive index (AI) – were used to calculate corrosion and scaling potential of water samples. A result of the LSI and RSI, show that 86.96% of water samples are corrosive and only 13.04% are scaling tendency. PSI shows 30.43% of water samples are corrosive. LS shows all water samples are mildly corrosive. AI shows 71.74% of the water samples are moderately corrosive and only 28.26% of the water samples are scaling tendency.
- Published
- 2022
48. Biogenic Metallic Nanoparticles from Seed Extracts: Characteristics, Properties, and Applications
- Author
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Kanchan Bhardwaj, Chirag Chopra, Prerna Bhardwaj, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Reena Singh, Agnieszka Najda, Natalia Cruz-Martins, Shubhangi Singh, Rohit Sharma, Kamil Kuča, and Sivakumar Manickam
- Subjects
General Materials Science - Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) are popular in different research fields due to their unique physical and chemical properties and superior antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, larvicidal, and catalytic potentials. Although conventional wet methods like colloidal synthesis, calcination, and spark ablation for synthesizing MNPs are effective, their synthesis uses an array of reducing and stabilizing agents and gases, making the process tedious. Additionally, metal nanoparticles induce oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS), showing high toxicity. Research and development in green chemistry have gained momentum and massive attention because of being efficient, clean, economical, environment-friendly, and free of hazardous byproducts. Recently, seed extracts in-lieu of chemical stabilizers and reducing agents have become popular because of the single-step green synthesis of MNPs. Seeds provide the researchers with a cost-effective alternate to other biological methods due to low maintenance costs, culture/growth independence for biomass, and diversity of phytochemicals as reducing and capping agents. Thus, effective green synthesis approaches are considered sustainable for MNP synthesis. This review depicts the literature on the challenges associated with metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and discusses their synthesis using seed extracts. The application section of the review discusses the antimicrobial, anticancer, and larvicidal activities of seed extracted-synthesized metallic nanoparticles. Furthermore, insights into the different biological potentials of the synthesized green MNPs have also been discussed.
- Published
- 2022
49. Design, fabrication and evaluation of amphiphilic hyaluronic acid conjugates as efficient carriers of 6‐thioguanine for <scp> in vitro </scp> anticancer drug delivery applications
- Author
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Smriti R Deka, Reena Singh, Pratiksha Verma, and Pradeep Kumar
- Subjects
Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry - Published
- 2022
50. The Role of JEEVIKA in Economic Empowerment of Women: A Case Study of Madhubani District of Bihar
- Author
-
Reena Singh and Reena Singh
- Abstract
The Self-help groups (SHGs) were formed to increase the financial inclusion of women and provide them with financial and technical support to find them good economic opportunities for their livelihood. Such a novel initiative garnered benefits for millions of women across rural and semi-urban regions and helped them to be economically empowered. In this paper, the role of Jeevika is analysed in the economic empowerment of women by taking the case study of the Madhubani district of Bihar. The study is based on primary data where the data is collected through a survey method through a closed-ended questionnaire. The sample size of the study is taken as 251 households. A logistic regression model is used to test the association between women’s economic empowerment and their engagement with SHGs/Jeevika. The result shows that there is a significant positive association between women’s economic empowerment and their engagement with Jeevika. A lower income, higher education, and family support in household work are also significantly associated with women’s economic empowerment.
- Published
- 2023
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