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3. The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative: Systematic Review of Clinical Factors Associated with Outcomes in People with Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Author

Mckimmie, A, Keeves, J, Gadowski, A, Bagg, MK, Antonic-Baker, A, Hicks, AJ, Hill, R, Clarke, N, Holland, A, Veitch, B, Fatovich, D, Reeder, S, Romero, L, Ponsford, JL, Lannin, NA, O'Brien, TJ, Cooper, DJ, Rushworth, N, Fitzgerald, M, Gabbe, BJ, Cameron, PA, Mckimmie, A, Keeves, J, Gadowski, A, Bagg, MK, Antonic-Baker, A, Hicks, AJ, Hill, R, Clarke, N, Holland, A, Veitch, B, Fatovich, D, Reeder, S, Romero, L, Ponsford, JL, Lannin, NA, O'Brien, TJ, Cooper, DJ, Rushworth, N, Fitzgerald, M, Gabbe, BJ, and Cameron, PA

Abstract

The aim of the Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative (AUS-TBI) is to design a data dictionary to inform data collection and facilitate prediction of outcomes for moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) across Australia. The process has engaged diverse stakeholders across six areas: social, health, clinical, biological, acute interventions, and long-term outcomes. Here, we report the results of the clinical review. Standardized searches were implemented across databases to April 2022. English-language reports of studies evaluating an association between a clinical factor and any clinical outcome in at least 100 patients with moderate-severe TBI were included. Abstracts, and full-text records, were independently screened by at least two reviewers in Covidence. The findings were assessed through a consensus process to determine inclusion in the AUS-TBI data resource. The searches retrieved 22,441 records, of which 1137 were screened at full text and 313 papers were included. The clinical outcomes identified were predominantly measures of survival and disability. The clinical predictors most frequently associated with these outcomes were the Glasgow Coma Scale, pupil reactivity, and blood pressure measures. Following discussion with an expert consensus group, 15 were recommended for inclusion in the data dictionary. This review identified numerous studies evaluating associations between clinical factors and outcomes in patients with moderate-severe TBI. A small number of factors were reported consistently, however, how and when these factors were assessed varied. The findings of this review and the subsequent consensus process have informed the development of an evidence-informed data dictionary for moderate-severe TBI in Australia.

Published
2024

4. Insights into the Falling Magnet Experiment

Author

Reeder, S., Wilkie, K., Kelly, T. J., and Boullard, J. S.

Abstract

In this article, we outline a demonstration that is relatively simple to perform but whose results require a quite subtle interpretation of Faraday's Law. When a very small magnet is dropped through a coil it can tumble as it falls leading to 'spikes' in the measured emf signal. The experiment, and demonstration, can be used in an introductory laboratory module and our early evidence suggests it is useful in teaching electromagnetic induction as a covariational relation between magnetic flux and time, and particularly useful as a demonstration of EMF induced by a 'swept area'.

Published
2019
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14. Mixed methods study to understand the experiences of adults with acquired brain injury and their family members who receive specialised rehabilitation.

Author

O'Shannessy E., Reeder S., Vishwanath S., Hill S., Perta A., Jolliffe L., Morarty J., Hunter P., Lannin N.A., O'Shannessy E., Reeder S., Vishwanath S., Hill S., Perta A., Jolliffe L., Morarty J., Hunter P., and Lannin N.A.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Rehabilitation therapy is a key part of the recovery pathway for people with severe acquired brain injury (ABI). The aim of this study was to explore inpatients' and their family members' experiences of a specialist ABI rehabilitation service. Method(s): A cross sectional, prospective mixed method study was undertaken at a metropolitan specialist ABI rehabilitation unit in Victoria, Australia. All inpatients and their family members of the service were invited to complete a satisfaction survey. Employing purposive sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted with inpatients and/or their family members. Result(s): In total, 111 people completed the satisfaction survey and 13 were interviewed. High levels of satisfaction with the specialist service were reported; the majority of inpatients (74%) and family members (81%) rated the overall quality of care received in the service as 'high' or 'very high'. Interviews revealed four main themes: (i) satisfaction with rehabilitation services, (ii) inconsistent communication, (iii) variable nursing care, and (iv) strengths and weakness of the rehabilitation environment. Overall, important components of a positive experience were being involved in decision making and discharge planning, effective communication and information processes, and being able to form therapeutic relationships with staff. Key sources of dissatisfaction for inpatients and family members related to inconsistency in care, accessing information about treatments in a format easily understood, and communication. Conclusion(s): Specialised rehabilitation is valued by inpatients and their family members alike. The findings highlight the importance of exploring inpatient experiences to optimise service delivery in a tailored, specialised rehabilitation programme. Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment.

Published
2022

16. Magnetic resonance imaging during a pandemic

Author

Collins, J.D., Rowley, H., Leiner, T., Reeder, S., Hood, M., Dekkers, I., Tha, K., Gulani, V., Kopanoglu, E., and ISMRM MR Safety Comm

Subjects
pandemic, infectious disease, magnetic resonance imaging
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the challenges delivering face-to-face patient care across healthcare systems. In particular the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the imaging community to provide timely access to essential diagnostic imaging modalities while ensuring appropriate safeguards were in place for both patients and personnel. With increasing vaccine availability and greater prevalence of vaccination in communities worldwide we are finally emerging on the other side of the COVID-19 pandemic. As we learned from our institutional and healthcare system responses to the pandemic, maintaining timely access to MR imaging is essential. Radiologists and other imaging providers partnered with their referring providers to ensure that timely access to advanced MR imaging was maintained. On behalf of the International Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) Safety Committee, this white paper is intended to serve as a guide for radiology departments, imaging centers, and other imaging specialists who perform MR imaging to refer to as we prepare for the next pandemic. Lessons learned including strategies to triage and prioritize MR imaging research during a pandemic are discussed. Level of Evidence 5 Technical Efficacy Stage 5

Published
2021

17. Magnetic Resonance Imaging During a Pandemic: Recommendations by the ISMRM Safety Committee

Author

Collins, J.D., Rowley, H., Leiner, T., Reeder, S., Hood, M., Dekkers, I., Tha, K., Gulani, V., Kopanoglu, E., and ISMRM MR Safety Comm

Subjects
pandemic, infectious disease, COVID-19, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pandemics
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the challenges delivering face-to-face patient care across healthcare systems. In particular the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the imaging community to provide timely access to essential diagnostic imaging modalities while ensuring appropriate safeguards were in place for both patients and personnel. With increasing vaccine availability and greater prevalence of vaccination in communities worldwide we are finally emerging on the other side of the COVID-19 pandemic. As we learned from our institutional and healthcare system responses to the pandemic, maintaining timely access to MR imaging is essential. Radiologists and other imaging providers partnered with their referring providers to ensure that timely access to advanced MR imaging was maintained. On behalf of the International Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) Safety Committee, this white paper is intended to serve as a guide for radiology departments, imaging centers, and other imaging specialists who perform MR imaging to refer to as we prepare for the next pandemic. Lessons learned including strategies to triage and prioritize MR imaging research during a pandemic are discussed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 5.

Published
2021

26. A blood-based signature of cerebrospinal fluid A beta(1-42) status

Author

Goudey, B., Fung, B.J., Schieber, C., Faux, N.G., Weiner, M.W., Aisen, P., Petersen, R., Jack, C.R., Jagust, W., Trojanowki, J.Q., Toga, A.W., Beckett, L., Green, R.C., Saykin, A.J., Morris, J., Shaw, L.M., Kaye, J., Quinn, J., Silbert, L., Lind, B., Carter, R., Dolen, S., Schneider, L.S., Pawluczyk, S., Beccera, M., Teodoro, L., Spann, B.M., Brewer, J., Vanderswag, H., Fleisher, A., Heidebrink, J.L., Lord, J.L., Mason, S.S., Albers, C.S., Knopman, D., Johnson, K., Doody, R.S., Villanueva-Meyer, J., Chowdhury, M., Rountree, S., Dang, M., Stern, Y., Honig, L.S., Bell, K.L., Ances, B., Morris, J.C., Carroll, M., Creech, M.L., Franklin, E., Mintun, M.A., Schneider, S., Oliver, A., Marson, D., Griffth, R., Clark, D., Geldmacher, D., Brockington, J., Roberson, E., Natelson Love, M., Grossman, H., Mitsis, E., Shah, R.C., deToledo-Morrell, L., Duara, R., Varon, D., Greig, M.T., Roberts, P., Albert, M., Onyike, C., D'Agostino, D., Kielb, S., Galvin, J.E., Cerbone, B., Michel, C.A., Pogorelec, D.M., Rusinek, H., Leon, M.J. de, Glodzik, L., De Santi, S., Doraiswamy, P.M., Petrella, J.R., Borges-Neto, S., Wong, T.Z., Coleman, E., Smith, C.D., Jicha, G., Hardy, P., Sinha, P., Oates, E., Conrad, G., Porsteinsson, A.P., Goldstein, B.S., Martin, K., Makino, K.M., Ismail, M.S., Brand, C., Mulnard, R.A., Thai, G., McAdams-Ortiz, C., Womack, K., Mathews, D., Quiceno, M., Levey, A.I., Lah, J.J., Cellar, J.S., Burns, J.M., Swerdlow, R.H., Brooks, W.M., Apostolova, L., Tingus, K., Woo, E., Silverman, D.H.S., Lu, P.H., Bartzokis, G., Graff-Radford, N.R., Parftt, F., Kendall, T., Johnson, H., Farlow, M.R., Hake, A.M., Matthews, B.R., Brosch, J.R., Herring, S., Hunt, C., Dyck, .H. van, Carson, R.E., MacAvoy, M.G., Varma, P., Chertkow, H., Bergman, H., Hosein, C., Black, S., Stefanovic, B., Caldwell, C., Hsiung, Ging-Yuek Robin, Feldman, H., Mudge, B., Assaly, M., Finger, E., Pasternack, S., Rachisky, I., Trost, D., Kertesz, A., Bernick, C., Munic, D., Mesulam, M.-M., Lipowski, K., Weintraub, S., Bonakdarpour, B., Kerwin, D., Wu, C.-K., Johnson, N., Sadowsky, C., Villena, T., Turner, R.S., Reynolds, B., Sperling, R.A., Johnson, K.A., Marshall, G., Yesavage, J., Taylor, J.L., Lane, B., Rosen, A., Tinklenberg, J., Sabbagh, M.N., Belden, C.M., Jacobson, S.A., Sirrel, S.A., Kowall, N., Killiany, R., Budson, A.E., Norbash, A., Johnson, P.L., Obisesan, T.O., Wolday, S., Allard, J., Lerner, A., Ogrocki, P., Tatsuoka, C., Fatica, P., Fletcher, E., Maillard, P., Olichney, J., DeCarli, C., Carmichael, O., Kittur, S., Borrie, M., Lee, T.-Y., Bartha, R., Johnson, S., Asthana, S., Carlsson, C.M., Potkin, S.G., Preda, A., Nguyen, D., Tariot, P., Burke, A., Trncic, N., Reeder, S., Bates, V., Capote, H., Rainka, M., Scharre, D.W., Kataki, M., Adeli, A., Zimmerman, E.A., Celmins, D., Brown, A.D., Pearlson, G.D., Blank, K., Anderson, K., Flashman, L.A., Seltzer, M., Hynes, M.L., Santulli, R.B., Sink, K.M., Gordineer, L., Williamson, J.D., Garg, P., Watkins, F., Ott, B.R., Querfurth, H., Tremont, G., Salloway, S., Malloy, P., Correia, S., Rosen, H.J., Miller, B.L., Perry, D., Mintzer, J., Spicer, K., Bachman, D., Pomara, N., Hernando, R., Sarrael, A., Relkin, N., Chaing, G., Lin, M., Ravdin, L., Smith, A., Raj, B.A., Fargher, K., Saykin, A., Nho, K., Kling, M., Toledo, J., Shaw, L., Trojanowski, J., Farrer, L., Kastsenmueller, G., Arnold, M., Wishart, D., Wurtz, P., Bhattcharyya, S., Duijin, C. van, Mangravite, L., Han, X., Hankemeier, T., Fiehn, O., Barupal, D., Thiele, I., Heinken, A., Meikle, P., Price, N., Funk, C., Jia, W., Kueider-Paisley, A., Tenebaum, J., Black, C., Moseley, A., Thompson, W., Mahmoudiandehkorki, S., Baillie, R., Welsh-Bohmer, K., Plassman, B., and Epidemiology

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Apolipoprotein E, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Amyloid, Amyloid beta, lcsh:Medicine, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, Alzheimer Disease, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Cognitive decline, lcsh:Science, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Multidisciplinary, biology, Chemokine CCL26, business.industry, lcsh:R, Alzheimer’s Disease Metabolomics Consortium, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, medicine.disease, Peptide Fragments, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, Chromogranin A, Female, lcsh:Q, Alzheimer's disease, business, Biomarkers, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Abstract

It is increasingly recognized that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exists before dementia is present and that shifts in amyloid beta occur long before clinical symptoms can be detected. Early detection of these molecular changes is a key aspect for the success of interventions aimed at slowing down rates of cognitive decline. Recent evidence indicates that of the two established methods for measuring amyloid, a decrease in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid β1−42 (Aβ1−42) may be an earlier indicator of Alzheimer’s disease risk than measures of amyloid obtained from Positron Emission Tomography (PET). However, CSF collection is highly invasive and expensive. In contrast, blood collection is routinely performed, minimally invasive and cheap. In this work, we develop a blood-based signature that can provide a cheap and minimally invasive estimation of an individual’s CSF amyloid status using a machine learning approach. We show that a Random Forest model derived from plasma analytes can accurately predict subjects as having abnormal (low) CSF Aβ1−42 levels indicative of AD risk (0.84 AUC, 0.78 sensitivity, and 0.73 specificity). Refinement of the modeling indicates that only APOEε4 carrier status and four plasma analytes (CGA, Aβ1−42, Eotaxin 3, APOE) are required to achieve a high level of accuracy. Furthermore, we show across an independent validation cohort that individuals with predicted abnormal CSF Aβ1−42 levels transitioned to an AD diagnosis over 120 months significantly faster than those with predicted normal CSF Aβ1−42 levels and that the resulting model also validates reasonably across PET Aβ1−42 status (0.78 AUC). This is the first study to show that a machine learning approach, using plasma protein levels, age and APOEε4 carrier status, is able to predict CSF Aβ1−42 status, the earliest risk indicator for AD, with high accuracy.

Published
2019

27. Value of MRI in medicine: More than just another test?

Author

van Beek, EJR, Kuhl, C, Anzai, Y, Desmond, P, Ehman, RL, Gong, Q, Gold, G, Gulani, V, Hall-Craggs, M, Leiner, T, Lim, CCT, Pipe, JG, Reeder, S, Reinhold, C, Smits, M, Sodickson, DK, Tempany, C, Vargas, HA, Wang, M, van Beek, EJR, Kuhl, C, Anzai, Y, Desmond, P, Ehman, RL, Gong, Q, Gold, G, Gulani, V, Hall-Craggs, M, Leiner, T, Lim, CCT, Pipe, JG, Reeder, S, Reinhold, C, Smits, M, Sodickson, DK, Tempany, C, Vargas, HA, and Wang, M

Abstract

There is increasing scrutiny from healthcare organizations towards the utility and associated costs of imaging. MRI has traditionally been used as a high-end modality, and although shown extremely important for many types of clinical scenarios, it has been suggested as too expensive by some. This editorial will try and explain how value should be addressed and gives some insights and practical examples of how value of MRI can be increased. It requires a global effort to increase accessibility, value for money, and impact on patient management. We hope this editorial sheds some light and gives some indications of where the field may wish to address some of its research to proactively demonstrate the value of MRI. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy: Stage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:e14-e25.

Published
2019

29. Uncovering the heterogeneity and temporal complexity of neurodegenerative diseases with Subtype and Stage Inference

Author

Young, A. L., Marinescu, R. V., Oxtoby, N. P., Bocchetta, M., Yong, K., Firth, N. C., Cash, D. M., Thomas, D. L., Dick, K. M., Cardoso, J., van Swieten, J., Borroni, B., Galimberti, D., Masellis, M., Tartaglia, M. C., Rowe, J. B., Graff, C., Tagliavini, F., Frisoni, G. B., Laforce, R., Finger, E., de Mendonca, A., Sorbi, S., Warren, J. D., Crutch, S., Fox, N. C., Ourselin, S., Schott, J. M., Rohrer, J. D., Alexander, D. C., Andersson, C., Archetti, S., Arighi, A., Benussi, L., Binetti, G., Black, S., Cosseddu, M., Fallstrom, M., Ferreira, C., Fenoglio, C., Freedman, M., Fumagalli, G. G., Gazzina, S., Ghidoni, R., Grisoli, M., Jelic, V., Jiskoot, L., Keren, R., Lombardi, G., Maruta, C., Meeter, L., Mead, S., van Minkelen, R., Nacmias, B., Oijerstedt, L., Padovani, A., Panman, J., Pievani, M., Polito, C., Premi, E., Prioni, S., Rademakers, R., Redaelli, V., Rogaeva, E., Rossi, G., Rossor, M., Scarpini, E., Tang-Wai, D., Thonberg, H., Tiraboschi, P., Verdelho, A., Weiner, M. W., Aisen, P., Petersen, R., Jack, C. R., Jagust, W., Trojanowki, J. Q., Toga, A. W., Beckett, L., Green, R. C., Saykin, A. J., Morris, J., Shaw, L. M., Khachaturian, Z., Sorensen, G., Kuller, L., Raichle, M., Paul, S., Davies, P., Fillit, H., Hefti, F., Holtzman, D., Mesulam, M. M., Potter, W., Snyder, P., Schwartz, A., Montine, T., Thomas, R. G., Donohue, M., Walter, S., Gessert, D., Sather, T., Jiminez, G., Harvey, D., Bernstein, M., Thompson, P., Schuff, N., Borowski, B., Gunter, J., Senjem, M., Vemuri, P., Jones, D., Kantarci, K., Ward, C., Koeppe, R. A., Foster, N., Reiman, E. M., Chen, K., Mathis, C., Landau, S., Cairns, N. J., Householder, E., Taylor-Reinwald, L., Lee, V., Korecka, M., Figurski, M., Crawford, K., Neu, S., Foroud, T. M., Potkin, S., Shen, L., Faber, K., Kim, S., Nho, K., Thal, L., Buckholtz, N., Albert, M., Frank, R., Hsiao, J., Kaye, J., Quinn, J., Lind, B., Carter, R., Dolen, S., Schneider, L. S., Pawluczyk, S., Beccera, M., Teodoro, L., Spann, B. M., Brewer, J., Vanderswag, H., Fleisher, A., Heidebrink, J. L., Lord, J. L., Mason, S. S., Albers, C. S., Knopman, D., Johnson, K., Doody, R. S., Villanueva-Meyer, J., Chowdhury, M., Rountree, S., Dang, M., Stern, Y., Honig, L. S., Bell, K. L., Ances, B., Carroll, M., Leon, S., Mintun, M. A., Schneider, S., Oliver, A., Marson, D., Griffith, R., Clark, D., Geldmacher, D., Brockington, J., Roberson, E., Grossman, H., Mitsis, E., de Toledo-Morrell, L., Shah, R. C., Duara, R., Varon, D., Greig, M. T., Roberts, P., Onyike, C., D'Agostino, D., Kielb, S., Galvin, J. E., Cerbone, B., Michel, C. A., Rusinek, H., de Leon, M. J., Glodzik, L., De Santi, S., Doraiswamy, P. M., Petrella, J. R., Wong, T. Z., Arnold, S. E., Karlawish, J. H., Wolk, D., Smith, C. D., Jicha, G., Hardy, P., Sinha, P., Oates, E., Conrad, G., Lopez, O. L., Oakley, M. A., Simpson, D. M., Porsteinsson, A. P., Goldstein, B. S., Martin, K., Makino, K. M., Ismail, M. S., Brand, C., Mulnard, R. A., Thai, G., Mc-Adams-Ortiz, C., Womack, K., Mathews, D., Quiceno, M., Diaz-Arrastia, R., King, R., Weiner, M., Martin-Cook, K., Devous, M., Levey, A. I., Lah, J. J., Cellar, J. S., Burns, J. M., Anderson, H. S., Swerdlow, R. H., Apostolova, L., Tingus, K., Woo, E., Silverman, D. H., P. H., Lu, Bartzokis, G., Graff-Radford, N. R., Parfitt, F., Kendall, T., Johnson, H., Farlow, M. R., Hake, A. M., Matthews, B. R., Herring, S., Hunt, C., van Dyck, C. H., Carson, R. E., Macavoy, M. G., Chertkow, H., Bergman, H., Hosein, C., Stefanovic, B., Caldwell, C., Hsiung, G. -Y. R., Feldman, H., Mudge, B., Assaly, M., Kertesz, A., Rogers, J., Bernick, C., Munic, D., Kerwin, D., Mesulam, M. -M., Lipowski, K., C. -K., Wu, Johnson, N., Sadowsky, C., Martinez, W., Villena, T., Turner, R. S., Reynolds, B., Sperling, R. A., Johnson, K. A., Marshall, G., Frey, M., Lane, B., Rosen, A., Tinklenberg, J., Sabbagh, M. N., Belden, C. M., Jacobson, S. A., Sirrel, S. A., Kowall, N., Killiany, R., Budson, A. E., Norbash, A., Johnson, P. L., Allard, J., Lerner, A., Ogrocki, P., Hudson, L., Fletcher, E., Carmichael, O., Olichney, J., Decarli, C., Kittur, S., Borrie, M., Lee, T. -Y., Bartha, R., Johnson, S., Asthana, S., Carlsson, C. M., Potkin, S. G., Preda, A., Nguyen, D., Tariot, P., Reeder, S., Bates, V., Capote, H., Rainka, M., Scharre, D. W., Kataki, M., Adeli, A., Zimmerman, E. A., Celmins, D., Brown, A. D., Pearlson, G. D., Blank, K., Anderson, K., Santulli, R. B., Kitzmiller, T. J., Schwartz, E. S., Sink, K. M., Williamson, J. D., Garg, P., Watkins, F., Ott, B. R., Querfurth, H., Tremont, G., Salloway, S., Malloy, P., Correia, S., Rosen, H. J., Miller, B. L., Mintzer, J., Spicer, K., Bachman, D., Pasternak, S., Rachinsky, I., Drost, D., Pomara, N., Hernando, R., Sarrael, A., Schultz, S. K., Ponto, L. L. B., Shim, H., Smith, K. E., Relkin, N., Chaing, G., Raudin, L., Smith, A., Fargher, K., Raj, B. A., Neylan, T., Grafman, J., Davis, M., Morrison, R., Hayes, J., Finley, S., Friedl, K., Fleischman, D., Arfanakis, K., James, O., Massoglia, D., Fruehling, J. J., Harding, S., Peskind, E. R., Petrie, E. C., Li, G., Yesavage, J. A., Taylor, J. L., and Furst, A. J.

Published
2018

30. Noninvasive, Quantitative Assessment of Liver Fat by MRI-PDFF as an Endpoint in NASH Trials

Author

CAUSSY, Cyrielle, Reeder, S. B., Sirlin, C. B., Loomba, R., Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CarMeN, laboratoire, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, digestive system, Oral and gastrointestinal, Hepatitis, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Humans, fraction estimation, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Clinical Trials as Topic, disease, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Liver Disease, Prevention, hepatic steatosis, nutritional and metabolic diseases, magnitude-based mri, shift-encoded mri, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, digestive system diseases, quantification, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Liver, obese subjects, Biomedical Imaging, flip-angle, Digestive Diseases, Biomarkers, magnetic-resonance elastography
Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and the progressive form of this condition, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has become one of the leading indications for liver transplantation. Despite intensive investigations, there are currently no United States Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies for treating NASH. A major barrier for drug development in NASH is that treatment response assessment continues to require liver biopsy, which is invasive and interpreted subjectively. Therefore, there is a major unmet need for developing noninvasive, objective, and quantitative biomarkers for diagnosis and assessment of treatment response. Emerging data support the use of magnetic resonance imaging-derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) as a noninvasive, quantitative, and accurate measure of liver fat content to assess treatment response in early-phase NASH trials. In this review, we discuss the role and utility, including potential sample size reduction, of MRI-PDFF as a quantitative and noninvasive imaging-based biomarker in early-phase NASH trials. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.(()) NAFLD can be broadly classified into two categories: nonalcoholic fatty liver, which has a minimal risk of progression to cirrhosis, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the more progressive form of NAFLD, which has a significantly increased risk of progression to cirrhosis.(()) Over the past two decades, NASH-related cirrhosis has become the second leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States.(()) For these reasons, pharmacological therapy for NASH is needed urgently. Despite intensive investigations, there are currently no therapies for treating NASH that have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration.(()\textless/SUP)

Published
2018

31. Evaluation of tumour microenvironment identifies immune correlates of response to combination immunotherapy with margetuximab (M) and pembrolizumab (P) in HER2+ gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA)

Author

Rutella, S., primary, Church, S.E., additional, Vadakekolathu, J., additional, Reeder, S., additional, Sullivan, A.H., additional, Warren, S., additional, Baughman, J., additional, Muth, J., additional, Park, H., additional, Uronis, H., additional, Kang, Y.-K., additional, Ng, M.C.H., additional, Enzinger, P., additional, Lee, K.W., additional, Huber, K., additional, Wynter-Horton, A., additional, Li, D., additional, Bang, Y.-J., additional, Davidson-Moncada, J., additional, and Catenacci, D.V., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
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33. Multisite, multivendor validation of the accuracy and reproducibility of proton-density fat-fraction quantification at 1.5T and 3T using a fat-water phantom

Author

Hernando, D, Sharma, S, Ghasabeh, MA, Alvis, B, Arora, S, Hamilton, G, Pan, L, Shaffer, J, Sofue, K, Szeverenyi, N, Welch, EB, Yuan, Q, Bashir, M, Kamel, I, Rice, M, Sirlin, C, Yokoo, T, and Reeder, S

Subjects
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, proton-density fat-fraction, Biomedical Engineering, Reproducibility of Results, Equipment Design, multicenter, phantom, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Phantoms, Imaging, Equipment Failure Analysis, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Adipose Tissue, Body Water, chemical shift-encoded, quantitative imaging biomarker, protondensity fat-fraction, Protons, protondensity fat-fraction (PDFF), fat quantification
Abstract

PurposeTo evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of quantitative chemical shift-encoded (CSE) MRI to quantify proton-density fat-fraction (PDFF) in a fat-water phantom across sites, vendors, field strengths, and protocols.MethodsSix sites (Philips, Siemens, and GE Healthcare) participated in this study. A phantom containing multiple vials with various oil/water suspensions (PDFF:0%-100%) was built, shipped to each site, and scanned at 1.5T and 3T using two CSE protocols per field strength. Confounder-corrected PDFF maps were reconstructed using a common algorithm. To assess accuracy, PDFF bias and linear regression with the known PDFF were calculated. To assess reproducibility, measurements were compared across sites, vendors, field strengths, and protocols using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), Bland-Altman analysis, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsPDFF measurements revealed an overall absolute bias (across sites, field strengths, and protocols) of 0.22% (95% confidence interval, 0.07%-0.38%) and R2 > 0.995 relative to the known PDFF at each site, field strength, and protocol, with a slope between 0.96 and 1.02 and an intercept between -0.56% and 1.13%. ANCOVA did not reveal effects of field strength (P = 0.36) or protocol (P = 0.19). There was a significant effect of vendor (F = 25.13, P = 1.07 × 10-10 ) with a bias of -0.37% (Philips) and -1.22% (Siemens) relative to GE Healthcare. The overall ICC was 0.999.ConclusionCSE-based fat quantification is accurate and reproducible across sites, vendors, field strengths, and protocols. Magn Reson Med 77:1516-1524, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

Published
2017

35. Eleventh Meeting of the European Venous Forum: Antwerp, Belgium, 24–26 June 2010

Author

Deatrick, K., Baker, N., Deroo, S., Elfline, M. A., Sood, V., Stabler, S., Blackburn, S. A., Luke, C. E., Wakefield, T. W., Henke, P. K., Pannucci, C. J., Bailey, S., Fisher, C., Clavijo-Alvarez, J., Hamill, J., Hume, K., Wakefield, T., Rubin, J., Wilkins, E., Hoxworth, R., Sfyroeras, G. S., Rubio, V., Ravi, R. D., Pittaluga, P., Chastanet, S., Locret, T., Rousset, O., Kordowicz, A., Ferguson, G., Salaman, R., Onwudike, M., Gauw, S. A., Fens, N., Knobel, H. H., de Bokx, P. K., Pronk, P., van Vlijmen-van Keulen, C. J., Gaastra, M. T. W., Mooij, M. C., Sterk, P. J., Sapelkin, S. V., Dan, V. N., Vetyugova, L. V., Broholm, R., Jensen, L. P., Sillesen, H., Kreiner, S., Bækgaard, N., Qureshi, M. I., McDonald, A., Wing, L., Lim, C. S., Gohel, M., Ellis, M., Franklin, I. J., Davies, A. H., Pierce, I., Kalodiki, E., Lattimer, C., Geroulakos, G., Gatehouse, P. D., Firmin, D. N., Gemayel, G., Christenson, J. T., van den Bos, R. R., Milleret, R., Neumann, M., Nijsten, T., Wiszniewski, A., Szopinski, P., Bilski, R., Proniewski, J., Ratajczak, J., Romera-Villegas, A., Cairols, M. A., Martí-Mestre, X., Riera-Batalla, S., Martinez-Rico, C., Ahmad, A., Saha, P., Rolph, R., Patel, A. S., Modarai, B., Sabharwal, T., Waltham, M., Lauwers, K., Hertoghs, M., van Schil, P., de Maeseneer, M., Rosales, A., Sandbæk, G., Jørgensen, J. J., Uhl, Jean-François, Gillot, Claude, Lawson, J. A., Vuylsteke, M., Th, De Bo, Dompe, G., di Crisci, D., Miquel Abbab, C., Mordon, S., Shepherd, A. C., Gohel, M. S., Brown, L. C., Ragg, J. C., Martel, L., Wolschner, J., Nagy, J., Shadid, N., Nelemans, P., Sommer, A., Lawaetz, M., Rasmussen, L. H., Bjoern, L., Blemings, A., Eklöf, B., Neffendorf, J. E., Soobrah, R., Grewal, P., Gibson, K., Wright, D., Rush, J., Suplick, G., Evans, E., Nelzén, O., Reeder, S. W. I., de Roos, K.-P., Neumann, H. A. M., King, T., Walshe, T. M., Browne, A. M., O'Riordan, C., O'Sullivan, G. J., Pulmonology, and Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity

Subjects
General Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published
2010

37. Situating Structural Violence Within Peace: A Critical Study of Peacebuilding in Rwanda and Cambodia

Author

Reeder, S. L.

Abstract

Many peace agreements fail despite external mediation and intervention, prompting a deconstruction of the predominant conceptions of peace and methods of peacebuilding. Of the weaknesses of these conceptions, the lack of concern for post-conflict structural violence is one of the strongest, and the main focus of this research. Infant mortality rate variations demonstrate the salience of structural violence in post-conflict situations. Further, to look deeper at the weaknesses of the hegemonic ideals on peace and its implementation by external actors, the cases of Rwanda and Cambodia are analyzed using the comparative method, and situated within critical peace literature. The comparison finds that rapid military integration may cause violence to restart, and that non-state entities appear more likely to be disarmed than recognized states during the post-conflict phase. This research also suggests that not disarming rebels in the peace process is an indication of a move towards a more just and inclusive society that will lead to a decrease in both direct and indirect violence, including a decrease in structural violence as indicated by a decline in the infant mortality rate.

Published
2015
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38. 123P - Evaluation of tumour microenvironment identifies immune correlates of response to combination immunotherapy with margetuximab (M) and pembrolizumab (P) in HER2+ gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA)

Author

Rutella, S., Church, S.E., Vadakekolathu, J., Reeder, S., Sullivan, A.H., Warren, S., Baughman, J., Muth, J., Park, H., Uronis, H., Kang, Y.-K., Ng, M.C.H., Enzinger, P., Lee, K.W., Huber, K., Wynter-Horton, A., Li, D., Bang, Y.-J., Davidson-Moncada, J., and Catenacci, D.V.

Published
2019
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39. Geochemistry of european bottled water

Author

BIRKE M., REIMANN, 2.0.1.0. with contribution of BANKS D., DEMETRIADES A., LORENZ H., GLATTE W., HARAZIM B., FLOHR F., DEGTJAREV A., RAUSCH J., FILZMOSER P., JAEHNE F., EGGEN O., STEFOULI M., RAUCH U., INNOCENT C., FRENGSTAD B., LOURENÇO C., SMEDLEY P, KOLLER F., ONUZI K., HOBIGER G., SCHEDL A., HASLINGER E., GREGORAUSKIENE V., DE VOS W., SCHOETERS I., HRVATOVIC H., MIOSIC N., SKOPLJAK F., SAMARDZIC N., TRENDAVILOV V., HALAMI, #262, ŠORŠA A., DURIS M., OTTESEN R. T., KIVISILLA J., PETERSELL V., BITYUKOVA L., TARVAINEN T., JARVA J., STAFILOV T., SALPETEUR I., KASTE L., JORDAN G., FUGEDI U., KUTI L., WIGUM B. J., FLYNN R., DE VIVO B., LIMA A., ALBANESE S., CICCHELLA D., VALERA P., GILUCIS A., MAQUIL R., TITOVET M., DEVIC N., SMIETANSKI L., JOAO BATISTA M., ION A., IONESCO C., PHILLIPOV N., KARNACHUK O., ZLOKOLICA MANDIC M., PETROVIC T., GULAN A., VELJKOVIC N., MALIK P., GOSAR M., LOCUTURA J., BEL LAN A., MAR CORRAL M., LAX K., ANDERSSON M., HAYOZ P., FLIGHT D., REEDER S., MALYUK B. I., KLOS V., DINELLI, ENRICO, BIRKE M. and REIMANN (eds), 2010. with contribution of BANKS D., DEMETRIADES A., LORENZ H., GLATTE W., HARAZIM B., FLOHR F., DEGTJAREV A., RAUSCH J., FILZMOSER P., JAEHNE F., EGGEN O., STEFOULI M., RAUCH U., INNOCENT C., FRENGSTAD B., LOURENÇO C., SMEDLEY P, KOLLER F., ONUZI K., HOBIGER G., SCHEDL A., HASLINGER E., GREGORAUSKIENE V., DE VOS W., SCHOETERS I., HRVATOVIC H., MIOSIC N., SKOPLJAK F., SAMARDZIC N., TRENDAVILOV V., HALAMI&#262, and J., ŠORŠA A., DURIS M., OTTESEN R.T., KIVISILLA J., PETERSELL V., BITYUKOVA L., TARVAINEN T., JARVA J., STAFILOV T., SALPETEUR I., KASTE L., JORDAN G., FUGEDI U., KUTI L., WIGUM B.J., FLYNN R., DE VIVO B., LIMA A., ALBANESE S., CICCHELLA D., DINELLI E., VALERA P., GILUCIS A., MAQUIL R., TITOVET M., DEVIC N., SMIETANSKI L., JOAO BATISTA M., ION A., IONESCO C., PHILLIPOV N., KARNACHUK O., ZLOKOLICA-MANDIC M., PETROVIC T., GULAN A., VELJKOVIC N., MALIK P., GOSAR M., LOCUTURA J., BEL-LAN A., MAR CORRAL M., LAX K., ANDERSSON M., HAYOZ P., FLIGHT D., REEDER S., MALYUK B.I., KLOS V.

Abstract

In Europe, ca. 1900 "mineral water" brands are officially registered and bottled for drinking. Bottled water is groundwater and is rapidly developing into the main supply of drinking water for the general population of large parts of Europe. This book is the first state of the art overview of the chemistry of groundwaters from 40 European countries from Portugal to Russia, measured on 1785 bottled water samples from 1247 wells representing 884 locations plus additional 500 tap water samples acquired in 2008 by the network of EuroGeoSurveys experts all across Europe. In contrast to previously available data sets, all chemical data were measured in a single laboratory, under strict quality control with high internal and external reproducibility, affording a single high quality, internally consistent dataset. More than 70 parameters were determined on every sample using state of the art analytical techniques with ultra low detection limits (ICPMS, ICPOES, IC) at a single hydrochemical lab facility. Because of the wide geographical distribution of the water sources, the bottled mineral, drinking and tap waters characterized herein may be used for obtaining a first estimate of "groundwater geochemistry" at the scale of the European Continent, a dataset previously unavailable in this completeness, quality and coverage. This new data set allows, for the first time, to present a comprehensive internally consistent, overview of the natural distribution and variation of the determined chemical elements and additional state parameters of groundwater at the European scale. Most elements show a very wide range – usually 3 to 4 but up to 7 orders of magnitude – of natural variation of their concentration. Data are interpreted in terms of their origin, considering hydrochemical parameters, such as the influence of soil, vegetation cover and mixing with deep waters, as well as other factors (bottling effects, leaching from bottles). Chapters are devoted to comparing the bottled water data with those of European tap water and previously published datasets and discussing the implications of water chemistry for health. The authors also provide an overview of the legal framework, that any bottled water sold in the European Union must comply with. It includes a comprehensive compilation of current drinking water action levels in European countries, limiting values of the European Drinking/Mineral/Natural Mineral Water directives (1998/83/EC, 2003/40/EC, 2009/54/EC) and legislation in effect in 26 individual European Countries, and for comparison those of the FAO and in effect in the US (EPA, maximum contaminant level).

Published
2010

40. Geochemistry of European Bottled Waters

Author

REIMANN C., BIRKE M., KOLLER F., ONUZI K., HOBIGER G., SCHEDL A., HASLINGER E., FILZMOSER P., GREGORAUSKIENE V., DE VOS W., SCHOETERS I., HRVATOVIC H., MIOSIC N., SKOPLJAK F., SAMARDZIC N., TRENDAVILOV V., HALAMIĆ J., ŠORŠA A., DURIS M., OTTESEN R. T., KIVISILLA J., PETERSELL V., BITYUKOVA L., TARVAINEN T., JARVA J., SALPETEUR I., INNOCENT C., STAFILOV T., DEMETRIADES A., STEFOULI M., GLATTE W., HARAZIM B., FLOHR F., DEGTJAREV A., JAEHNE F., RAUSCH J., RAUCH U., KASTE L., LORENZ H., JORDAN G., WIGUM B. J., FLYNN R., CICCHELLA D., DINELLI E., VALERA P., GILUCIS A., MAQUIL R., TITOVET M., DEVIC N., EGGEN O., FRENGSTAD B., SMIETANSKI L., LOURENÇO C., BATISTA M. J., ION A., IONESCO C., PHILLIPOV N., KARNACHUK O., SALMINEN R., ZLOKOLICA MANDIC M., PETROVIC T., GULAN A., VELJKOVIC N., MALIK P., GOSAR M., LOCUTURA J., BEL LAN A., CORRAL M., LAX K., ANDERSSON M., HAYOZ P., FLIGHT D., REEDER S., SMEDLEY P., BANKS D., MALYUK B. I., KLOS V., VLADYMYROVA M., DE VIVO, BENEDETTO, LIMA, ANNAMARIA, ALBANESE, STEFANO, Reimann, C., Birke, M., Koller, F., Onuzi, K., Hobiger, G., Schedl, A., Haslinger, E., Filzmoser, P., Gregorauskiene, V., DE VOS, W., Schoeters, I., Hrvatovic, H., Miosic, N., Skopljak, F., Samardzic, N., Trendavilov, V., Halamić, J., Šorša, A., Duris, M., Ottesen, R. T., Kivisilla, J., Petersell, V., Bityukova, L., Tarvainen, T., Jarva, J., Salpeteur, I., Innocent, C., Stafilov, T., Demetriades, A., Stefouli, M., Glatte, W., Harazim, B., Flohr, F., Degtjarev, A., Jaehne, F., Rausch, J., Rauch, U., Kaste, L., Lorenz, H., Jordan, G., Wigum, B. J., Flynn, R., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Lima, Annamaria, Albanese, Stefano, Cicchella, D., Dinelli, E., Valera, P., Gilucis, A., Maquil, R., Titovet, M., Devic, N., Eggen, O., Frengstad, B., Smietanski, L., Lourenço, C., Batista, M. J., Ion, A., Ionesco, C., Phillipov, N., Karnachuk, O., Salminen, R., ZLOKOLICA MANDIC, M., Petrovic, T., Gulan, A., Veljkovic, N., Malik, P., Gosar, M., Locutura, J., BEL LAN, A., Corral, M., Lax, K., Andersson, M., Hayoz, P., Flight, D., Reeder, S., Smedley, P., Banks, D., Malyuk, B. I., Klos, V., and Vladymyrova, M.

Subjects
Europe, Geochemistry, Underground water
Abstract

Vengono riportate le concentrazioni di elementi in traccia delle acque minerali dell'Europa acquistate nei punti di vendita

Published
2010

41. The EuroGeoSurveys geochemical mapping of agricultural and grazing land soils project (GEMAS) - Evaluation of quality control results of aqua regia extraction analysis

Author

REIMANN C., DEMETRIADES A., EGGEN O. A., FILMOZER P., THE EUROGEOSURVEYS GEOCHEMISTRY EXPERT GROUP, ALBANESE S., BATISTA M. J., BEL LAN A., BIRKE M., CICCHELLA D., DE VIVO B., DE VOS W., DURIS M., DUSZA DOBEK A., ERNSTSEN V., FLIGHT D., GILUCIS A., GOSAR M., GREGORAUSKIENE V., GULAN A., HAYOZ P., HALAMIC J., HASLINGER E., HRATOVIC H., ION A., IVANOVNA Y., JOHNSON C., JORDAN G., KISIVILLA J., KLEIN P., KWECKO P., LAX K., LIMA A., LOCUTURA J., MALYUK B. I., MAQUIL R., MARKU S., MARTINS L., MAZREKU A., MESSINA A., O’CONNOR P. J., OTTESEN R. T., PASIECZNA A., PETERSELL W., REEDER S., SALPETEUR I., SCHEDL A., SEFCIK P., SLANINKA I., SORSA A., SELINUS O., STAFILOV T., TARVAINEN T., TRENDAVILOV V., UTERMANN J., VALERA P., VIDOJEVIC D., VOLDEN T., DINELLI, ENRICO, REIMANN C., DEMETRIADES A., EGGEN O.A., FILMOZER P., THE EUROGEOSURVEYS GEOCHEMISTRY EXPERT GROUP, ALBANESE S., BATISTA M. J., BEL-LAN A., BIRKE M., CICCHELLA D., DE VIVO B., DE VOS W., DINELLI E., DURIS M., DUSZA-DOBEK A., ERNSTSEN V., FLIGHT D., GILUCIS A., GOSAR M., GREGORAUSKIENE V., GULAN A., HAYOZ P., HALAMIC J., HASLINGER E., HRATOVIC H., ION A., IVANOVNA Y., JOHNSON C., JORDAN G., KISIVILLA J., KLEIN P., KWECKO P., LAX K., LIMA A., LOCUTURA J., MALYUK B. I., MAQUIL R., MARKU S., MARTINS L., MAZREKU A., MESSINA A., O’CONNOR P. J., OTTESEN R. T., PASIECZNA A., PETERSELL W., REEDER S., SALPETEUR I., SCHEDL A., SEFCIK P., SLANINKA I., SORSA A., SELINUS O., STAFILOV T., TARVAINEN T., TRENDAVILOV V., UTERMANN J., VALERA P., VIDOJEVIC D., and VOLDEN T.

Abstract

Rigorous quality control (QC) is one of the keystones to the success of any regional geochemical mapping programme. For the EuroGeoSurveys (EGS) GEMAS (Geochemical mapping of agricultural and grazing land soils) project 2211 samples (including field duplicates) of agricultural soil (Ap, Ap-horizon, 0-20 cm) and 2118 samples (including field duplicates) from land under permanent grass cover ("grazing land" - Gr, topsoil 0-10 cm) were collected from a large part of Europe, centrally prepared (air dried, sieved to

Published
2009

42. Varicose veins, there is more than meets the eye

Author

Reeder, S. W. I., De Roos, K. -P., Neumann, H. A. M., Wittens, C. H. A., Dermatologie, Surgery, MUMC+: *HVC European Venous Centre (9), and RS: CARIM - R1 - Thrombosis and haemostasis

Published
2014

43. EuroGeoSurveys geochemical mapping of agricultural and grazing land soil of Europe (GEMAS). Field manual

Author

REIMANN C., ALBANESE S., BATISTA M. J., BEL LAN A., BIRKE M., CICCHELLA D., DEMETRIADES A., DE VIVO B., DE VOS W., DURIS M., DUSZA DOBEK A., ERNSTSEN V., FLIGHT D., GILUCIS A., GOSAR M., GREGORAUSKIENE V., GULAN A., HAYOZ P., HALAMIC J., HASLINGER E., HRATOVIC H., ION A., IVANOVNA Y., JOHNSON C., JORDAN G., KISIVILLA J., KLEIN P., KWECKO P., LAX K., LIMA A., LOCUTURA J., MALYUK B. I., MAQUIL R., MARKU S., MARTINS L., MAZREKU A., MESSINA A., O’CONNOR P. J., OTTESEN R. T., PASIECZNA A., PETERSELL W., REEDER S., SALPETEUR I., SCHEDL A. | SEFCIK P., SLANINKA I., SORSA A., SELINUS O., STAFILOV T., TARVAINEN T., TRENDAVILOV V., UTERMANN J., VALERA P., VIDOJEVIC D., VOLDEN T., DINELLI, ENRICO, REIMANN C., ALBANESE S., BATISTA M. J., BEL-LAN A., BIRKE M., CICCHELLA D., DEMETRIADES A., DE VIVO B., DE VOS W., DINELLI E., DURIS M., DUSZA-DOBEK A., ERNSTSEN V., FLIGHT D., GILUCIS A., GOSAR M., GREGORAUSKIENE V., GULAN A., HAYOZ P., HALAMIC J., HASLINGER E., HRATOVIC H., ION A., IVANOVNA Y., JOHNSON C., JORDAN G., KISIVILLA J., KLEIN P., KWECKO P., LAX K., LIMA A., LOCUTURA J., MALYUK B. I., MAQUIL R., MARKU S., MARTINS L., MAZREKU A., MESSINA A., O’CONNOR P. J., OTTESEN R. T., PASIECZNA A., PETERSELL W., REEDER S., SALPETEUR I., SCHEDL A.| SEFCIK P., SLANINKA I., SORSA A., SELINUS O., STAFILOV T., TARVAINEN T., TRENDAVILOV V., UTERMANN J., VALERA P., VIDOJEVIC D., and VOLDEN T.

Abstract

REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals), the new European Chemicals Regulation was adopted in December 2006. It came into force on the 1st June 2007. REACH, as well as the pending EU Soil Protection Directive, require additional knowledge about "soil quality" at the European scale. The GEMAS (geochemical mapping of agricultural soils and grazing land of Europe) project aims at providing harmonized geochemical data of arable land and land under permanent grass cover at the continental, European scale. Geological Surveys in 34 European countries, covering an area of 5.6 million km2, have agreed to sample their territory at a sample density of 1 site each, arable land (0-20 cm) and land under permanent grass cover (0-10 cm), per 2500 km2. Sampling will take place during 2008, following a jointly agreed field protocol which is presented in this report. All samples will be prepared in just one laboratory, a strict quality control procedure has been established and all samples will always be jointly analyzed in just one laboratory for any one chemical element/parameter.

Published
2008

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