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101 results on '"Reed MWR"'

1. Assessing interactions between the associations of common genetic susceptibility variants, reproductive history and body mass index with breast cancer risk in the breast cancer association consortium: A combined case-control study

Author: Milne, RL, Gaudet, MM, Spurdle, AB, Fasching, PA, Couch, FJ, Benítez, J, Arias Pérez, JI, Zamora, MP, Malats, N, dos Santos Silva, I, Gibson, LJ, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Figueroa, J, Brinton, L, Sherman, ME, Lissowska, J, Hopper, JL, Dite, GS, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Sigurdson, AJ, Linet, MS, Schonfeld, SJ, Freedman, DM, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, VM, Kataja, V, Auvinen, P, Andrulis, IL, Glendon, G, Knight, JA, Weerasooriya, N, Cox, A, Reed, MWR, Cross, SS, Dunning, AM, Ahmed, S, Shah, M, Brauch, H, Ko, YD, Brüning, T, Lambrechts, D, Reumers, J, Smeets, A, Wang-Gohrke, S, Hall, P, Czene, K, Liu, J, Irwanto, AK, Chenevix-Trench, G, Holland, H, Fab, KC, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, Bojensen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, John, EM, West, DW, Whittemore, AS, Vachon, C, Olson, JE, Fredericksen, Z, Kosel, M, Hein, R, Vrieling, A, Flesch-Janys, D, Heinz, J, Beckmann, MW, Heusinger, K, Ekici, AB, Haeberle, L, Humphreys, MK, Morrison, J, Easton, DF, and Pharoah, PD
Abstract: Introduction: Several common breast cancer genetic susceptibility variants have recently been identified. We aimed to determine how these variants combine with a subset of other known risk factors to influence breast cancer risk in white women of European ancestry using case-control studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.Methods: We evaluated two-way interactions between each of age at menarche, ever having had a live birth, number of live births, age at first birth and body mass index (BMI) and each of 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (10q26-rs2981582 (FGFR2), 8q24-rs13281615, 11p15-rs3817198 (LSP1), 5q11-rs889312 (MAP3K1), 16q12-rs3803662 (TOX3), 2q35-rs13387042, 5p12-rs10941679 (MRPS30), 17q23-rs6504950 (COX11), 3p24-rs4973768 (SLC4A7), CASP8-rs17468277, TGFB1-rs1982073 and ESR1-rs3020314). Interactions were tested for by fitting logistic regression models including per-allele and linear trend main effects for SNPs and risk factors, respectively, and single-parameter interaction terms for linear departure from independent multiplicative effects.Results: These analyses were applied to data for up to 26,349 invasive breast cancer cases and up to 32,208 controls from 21 case-control studies. No statistical evidence of interaction was observed beyond that expected by chance. Analyses were repeated using data from 11 population-based studies, and results were very similar.Conclusions: The relative risks for breast cancer associated with the common susceptibility variants identified to date do not appear to vary across women with different reproductive histories or body mass index (BMI). The assumption of multiplicative combined effects for these established genetic and other risk factors in risk prediction models appears justified. © 2010 Milne et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Published: 2010

2. Publisher Correction: Evidence that breast cancer risk at the 2q35 locus is mediated through IGFBP5 regulation.

Author: Ghoussaini, M, Edwards, SL, Michailidou, K, Nord, S, Cowper-Sal Lari, R, Desai, K, Kar, S, Hillman, KM, Kaufmann, S, Glubb, DM, Beesley, J, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dicks, E, Guo, Q, Schmidt, MK, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Klevebring, D, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Lambrechts, D, Thienpont, B, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Rutgers, EJT, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Peto, J, Dos-Santos-Silva, I, Gibson, L, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomäki, K, Blomqvist, C, Hall, P, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Noh, D-Y, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Yatabe, Y, Guénel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van Den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Perez, JIA, Menéndez, P, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Cai, Q, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Lee, DSC, Wong, TY, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collée, JM, van Deurzen, CHM, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Kapuscinski, MK, Shen, C-Y, Wu, P-E, Yu, J-C, Chen, S-T, Alnæs, GG, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Buhari, SABS, Teo, YY, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, García-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labrèche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkäs, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Brauch, H, Brüning, T, Koto, Y-D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Volorio, S, Dörk, T, Bogdanova, NV, Helbig, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, McKay, J, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Zheng, W, Long, J, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Maranian, M, Healey, CS, González-Neira, A, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Álvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, de Santiago, I, Carroll, J, Caldas, C, Brown, MA, Lupien, M, Kristensen, VN, Pharoah, PDP, Chenevix-Trench, G, French, JD, Easton, DF, Dunning, AM, Ghoussaini, M, Edwards, SL, Michailidou, K, Nord, S, Cowper-Sal Lari, R, Desai, K, Kar, S, Hillman, KM, Kaufmann, S, Glubb, DM, Beesley, J, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dicks, E, Guo, Q, Schmidt, MK, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Klevebring, D, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Lambrechts, D, Thienpont, B, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Rutgers, EJT, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Peto, J, Dos-Santos-Silva, I, Gibson, L, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomäki, K, Blomqvist, C, Hall, P, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Noh, D-Y, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Yatabe, Y, Guénel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van Den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Perez, JIA, Menéndez, P, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Cai, Q, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Lee, DSC, Wong, TY, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collée, JM, van Deurzen, CHM, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Kapuscinski, MK, Shen, C-Y, Wu, P-E, Yu, J-C, Chen, S-T, Alnæs, GG, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Buhari, SABS, Teo, YY, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, García-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labrèche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkäs, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Brauch, H, Brüning, T, Koto, Y-D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Volorio, S, Dörk, T, Bogdanova, NV, Helbig, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, McKay, J, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Zheng, W, Long, J, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Maranian, M, Healey, CS, González-Neira, A, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Álvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, de Santiago, I, Carroll, J, Caldas, C, Brown, MA, Lupien, M, Kristensen, VN, Pharoah, PDP, Chenevix-Trench, G, French, JD, Easton, DF, and Dunning, AM
Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5999.
Published: 2018

3. S100A6 protein is overexpressed in breast cancer and is significantly associated with increasing tumour grade but not with axillary lymph node metastasis

Author: Cross, SS, Balasubramanian, SP, Evans, CA, Reed, MWR, Hamdy, FC, and Rehman, I
Published: 2016

4. The balance of clinician and patient input into treatment decision-making in older women with breast cancer

Author: Morgan, Jenna, Burton, Maria, Collins, Karen, Robinson, TG, Audisio, R, Cheung, KL, Reed, MWR, and Wyld, L
Abstract: Objective: \ud Primary endocrine therapy (PET) is an alternative to surgery for oestrogen receptor positive operable breast cancer in some older women. However the decision to offer PET involves complex trade-offs and is influenced by both patient choice and healthcare professional (HCP) preference. This study aimed to compare the views of patients and HCPs about this decision and explore decision-making (DM) preferences and whether these are taken into account during consultations.\ud \ud Methods: \ud This multicentre, UK, mixed methods study had three components: (a) questionnaires to older women undergoing counseling about breast cancer treatment options which assessed their DM preferences and realities; (b) qualitative interviews with older women with operable breast cancer offered a choice of either surgery or PET and (c) qualitative interviews with HCPs (both of which focused on DM preferences in this setting).\ud \ud Results: \ud Thirty-three patients and 34 HCPs were interviewed. A range of opinions about patient involvement in DM were identified. Patients indicated varying preferences for DM involvement which were variably taken into account by HCPs. These qualitative findings were broadly supported by the questionnaire results. Most patients (536/729; 73.5%) achieved their preferred DM style; however, the remainder felt that their DM preferences had not been taken into consideration.\ud \ud Conclusions: \ud These results suggest that whilst many older women achieve their desired level of DM engagement, some do not, raising the possibility that they may be making choices which are not concordant with their treatment preferences
Published: 2015

5. PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM rare variants and cancer risk: data from COGS

Author: Southey, MC, Goldgar, DE, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Couch, F, Tischkowitz, M, Foulkes, WD, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, van Rensburg, EJ, Heikkinen, T, Nevanlinna, H, Hopper, JL, Doerk, T, Claes, KBM, Reis-Filho, J, Teo, ZL, Radice, P, Catucci, I, Peterlongo, P, Tsimiklis, H, Odefrey, FA, Dowty, JG, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, Verhoef, S, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, RJ, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Bolla, MK, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Yang, R, Guenel, P, Therese, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Bojesen, S, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Arias Perez, JI, Menendez, P, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, S, Ziogas, A, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Ko, Y-D, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Spurdle, AB, Wauters, E, Smeets, D, Beuselinck, B, Floris, G, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Pankratz, VS, McLean, C, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Kristensen, V, Alnaes, GG, Zheng, W, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Hankinson, SE, Kraft, P, Andrulis, I, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kauppila, S, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Hollestelle, A, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Eccles, DM, Rafiq, S, Tapper, WJ, Gerty, SM, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Hall, P, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Cox, A, Reed, MWR, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Dunning, AM, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Simard, J, Dumont, M, Soucy, P, Eeles, R, Muir, K, Wiklund, F, Gronberg, H, Schleutker, J, Nordestgaard, BG, Weischer, M, Travis, RC, Neal, D, Donovan, JL, Hamdy, FC, Khaw, K-T, Stanford, JL, Blot, WJ, Thibodeau, S, Schaid, DJ, Kelley, JL, Maier, C, Kibel, AS, Cybulski, C, Cannon-Albright, L, Butterbach, K, Park, J, Kaneva, R, Batra, J, Teixeira, MR, Kote-Jarai, Z, Al Olama, AA, Benlloch, S, Renner, SP, Hartmann, A, Hein, A, Ruebner, M, Lambrechts, D, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Lambretchs, S, Doherty, JA, Rossing, MA, Nickels, S, Eilber, U, Wang-Gohrke, S, Odunsi, K, Sucheston-Campbell, LE, Friel, G, Lurie, G, Killeen, JL, Wilkens, LR, Goodman, MT, Runnebaum, I, Hillemanns, PA, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, Moysich, KB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Harter, P, Kommoss, S, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Peissel, B, Bonanni, B, Bernard, L, Goode, EL, Fridley, BL, Vierkant, RA, Cunningham, JM, Larson, MC, Fogarty, ZC, Kalli, KR, Liang, D, Lu, KH, Hildebrandt, MAT, Wu, X, Levine, DA, Dao, F, Bisogna, M, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Marks, JR, Akushevich, L, Cramer, DW, Schildkraut, J, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Stampfer, M, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Bjorge, L, Salvesen, HB, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Brooks-Wilson, A, Kelemen, LE, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Grski, B, Gronwald, J, Menkiszak, J, Hogdall, CK, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Engelholm, SA, Dicks, E, Tyrer, J, Campbell, I, McNeish, I, Paul, J, Siddiqui, N, Glasspool, R, Whittemore, AS, Rothstein, JH, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Cai, H, Shu, X-O, Teten, RT, Sutphen, R, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Phelan, CM, Monteiro, AN, Fenstermacher, D, Lin, H-Y, Permuth, JB, Sellers, TA, Chen, YA, Tsai, Y-Y, Chen, Z, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Menon, U, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Van den Berg, D, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Kupryjanczyk, J, Pharoah, PDP, Song, H, Winship, I, Chenevix-Trench, G, Giles, GG, Tavtigian, SV, Easton, DF, Milne, RL, Southey, MC, Goldgar, DE, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Couch, F, Tischkowitz, M, Foulkes, WD, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, van Rensburg, EJ, Heikkinen, T, Nevanlinna, H, Hopper, JL, Doerk, T, Claes, KBM, Reis-Filho, J, Teo, ZL, Radice, P, Catucci, I, Peterlongo, P, Tsimiklis, H, Odefrey, FA, Dowty, JG, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, Verhoef, S, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, RJ, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Bolla, MK, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Yang, R, Guenel, P, Therese, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Bojesen, S, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Arias Perez, JI, Menendez, P, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, S, Ziogas, A, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Ko, Y-D, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Spurdle, AB, Wauters, E, Smeets, D, Beuselinck, B, Floris, G, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Pankratz, VS, McLean, C, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Kristensen, V, Alnaes, GG, Zheng, W, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Hankinson, SE, Kraft, P, Andrulis, I, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kauppila, S, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Hollestelle, A, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Eccles, DM, Rafiq, S, Tapper, WJ, Gerty, SM, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Hall, P, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Cox, A, Reed, MWR, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Dunning, AM, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Simard, J, Dumont, M, Soucy, P, Eeles, R, Muir, K, Wiklund, F, Gronberg, H, Schleutker, J, Nordestgaard, BG, Weischer, M, Travis, RC, Neal, D, Donovan, JL, Hamdy, FC, Khaw, K-T, Stanford, JL, Blot, WJ, Thibodeau, S, Schaid, DJ, Kelley, JL, Maier, C, Kibel, AS, Cybulski, C, Cannon-Albright, L, Butterbach, K, Park, J, Kaneva, R, Batra, J, Teixeira, MR, Kote-Jarai, Z, Al Olama, AA, Benlloch, S, Renner, SP, Hartmann, A, Hein, A, Ruebner, M, Lambrechts, D, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, Vergote, I, Lambretchs, S, Doherty, JA, Rossing, MA, Nickels, S, Eilber, U, Wang-Gohrke, S, Odunsi, K, Sucheston-Campbell, LE, Friel, G, Lurie, G, Killeen, JL, Wilkens, LR, Goodman, MT, Runnebaum, I, Hillemanns, PA, Pelttari, LM, Butzow, R, Modugno, F, Edwards, RP, Ness, RB, Moysich, KB, du Bois, A, Heitz, F, Harter, P, Kommoss, S, Karlan, BY, Walsh, C, Lester, J, Jensen, A, Kjaer, SK, Hogdall, E, Peissel, B, Bonanni, B, Bernard, L, Goode, EL, Fridley, BL, Vierkant, RA, Cunningham, JM, Larson, MC, Fogarty, ZC, Kalli, KR, Liang, D, Lu, KH, Hildebrandt, MAT, Wu, X, Levine, DA, Dao, F, Bisogna, M, Berchuck, A, Iversen, ES, Marks, JR, Akushevich, L, Cramer, DW, Schildkraut, J, Terry, KL, Poole, EM, Stampfer, M, Tworoger, SS, Bandera, EV, Orlow, I, Olson, SH, Bjorge, L, Salvesen, HB, van Altena, AM, Aben, KKH, Kiemeney, LA, Massuger, LFAG, Pejovic, T, Bean, Y, Brooks-Wilson, A, Kelemen, LE, Cook, LS, Le, ND, Grski, B, Gronwald, J, Menkiszak, J, Hogdall, CK, Lundvall, L, Nedergaard, L, Engelholm, SA, Dicks, E, Tyrer, J, Campbell, I, McNeish, I, Paul, J, Siddiqui, N, Glasspool, R, Whittemore, AS, Rothstein, JH, McGuire, V, Sieh, W, Cai, H, Shu, X-O, Teten, RT, Sutphen, R, McLaughlin, JR, Narod, SA, Phelan, CM, Monteiro, AN, Fenstermacher, D, Lin, H-Y, Permuth, JB, Sellers, TA, Chen, YA, Tsai, Y-Y, Chen, Z, Gentry-Maharaj, A, Gayther, SA, Ramus, SJ, Menon, U, Wu, AH, Pearce, CL, Van den Berg, D, Pike, MC, Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A, Plisiecka-Halasa, J, Moes-Sosnowska, J, Kupryjanczyk, J, Pharoah, PDP, Song, H, Winship, I, Chenevix-Trench, G, Giles, GG, Tavtigian, SV, Easton, DF, and Milne, RL
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The rarity of mutations in PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM make it difficult to estimate precisely associated cancer risks. Population-based family studies have provided evidence that at least some of these mutations are associated with breast cancer risk as high as those associated with rare BRCA2 mutations. We aimed to estimate the relative risks associated with specific rare variants in PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM via a multicentre case-control study. METHODS: We genotyped 10 rare mutations using the custom iCOGS array: PALB2 c.1592delT, c.2816T>G and c.3113G>A, CHEK2 c.349A>G, c.538C>T, c.715G>A, c.1036C>T, c.1312G>T, and c.1343T>G and ATM c.7271T>G. We assessed associations with breast cancer risk (42 671 cases and 42 164 controls), as well as prostate (22 301 cases and 22 320 controls) and ovarian (14 542 cases and 23 491 controls) cancer risk, for each variant. RESULTS: For European women, strong evidence of association with breast cancer risk was observed for PALB2 c.1592delT OR 3.44 (95% CI 1.39 to 8.52, p=7.1×10-5), PALB2 c.3113G>A OR 4.21 (95% CI 1.84 to 9.60, p=6.9×10-8) and ATM c.7271T>G OR 11.0 (95% CI 1.42 to 85.7, p=0.0012). We also found evidence of association with breast cancer risk for three variants in CHEK2, c.349A>G OR 2.26 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.95), c.1036C>T OR 5.06 (95% CI 1.09 to 23.5) and c.538C>T OR 1.33 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.67) (p≤0.017). Evidence for prostate cancer risk was observed for CHEK2 c.1343T>G OR 3.03 (95% CI 1.53 to 6.03, p=0.0006) for African men and CHEK2 c.1312G>T OR 2.21 (95% CI 1.06 to 4.63, p=0.030) for European men. No evidence of association with ovarian cancer was found for any of these variants. CONCLUSIONS: This report adds to accumulating evidence that at least some variants in these genes are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer that is clinically important.
Published: 2016

6. Genetic Predisposition to In Situ and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast

Author: Sawyer, E, Roylance, R, Petridis, C, Brook, MN, Nowinski, S, Papouli, E, Fletcher, O, Pinder, S, Hanby, A, Kohut, K, Gorman, P, Caneppele, M, Peto, J, Silva, ID, Johnson, N, Swann, R, Dwek, M, Perkins, KA, Gillett, C, Houlston, R, Ross, G, De Ieso, P, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Provenzano, E, Apicella, C, Wesseling, J, Cornelissen, S, Keeman, R, Fasching, PA, Jud, SM, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Kerin, MJ, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Laurent-Puig, P, Kerbrat, P, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Benitez, J, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Meindl, A, Lichtner, P, Schmutzler, RK, Lochmann, M, Brauch, H, Fischer, HP, Ko, YD, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Dork, T, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, JM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Lambrechts, D, Weltens, C, van Limbergen, E, Hatse, S, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Volorio, S, Giles, GG, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, McLean, CA, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Kristensen, V, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kauppila, S, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Devillee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, Caroline, Kriege, Mieke, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Sherman, ME, Hooning, Maartje, Hollestelle, Antoinette, van den Ouweland, Ans, van Deurzen, Carolien, Li, JM, Czene, K, Humphreys, K, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Shah, M, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Couch, FJ, Hallberg, E, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q (Qing), Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Dunning, AM, Hall, P, Easton, D, Pharoah, P, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Tomlinson, I, Garcia-Closas, M, Medical Oncology, Clinical Genetics, and Pathology
Subjects: body regions, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract: Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) accounts for 10-15% of all invasive breast carcinomas. It is generally ER positive (ER+) and often associated with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 70 common polymorphisms that predispose to breast cancer, but these studies included predominantly ductal (IDC) carcinomas. To identify novel common polymorphisms that predispose to ILC and LCIS, we pooled data from 6,023 cases (5,622 ILC, 401 pure LCIS) and 34,271 controls from 36 studies genotyped using the iCOGS chip. Six novel SNPs most strongly associated with ILC/LCIS in the pooled analysis were genotyped in a further 516 lobular cases (482 ILC, 36 LCIS) and 1,467 controls. These analyses identified a lobular-specific SNP at 7q34 (rs11977670, OR (95% CI) for ILC = 1.13 (1.09-1.18), P = 6.0x10(-10); P-het for ILC vs IDC ER+ tumors = 1.8x10(-4)). Of the 75 known breast cancer polymorphisms that were genotyped, 56 were associated with ILC and 15 with LCIS at P
Published: 2014

7. Common non-synonymous SNPs associated with breast cancer susceptibility: findings from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author: Milne, RL, Burwinkel, B, Michailidou, K, Arias-Perez, JI, Zamora, MP, Menendez-Rodriguez, P, Hardisson, D, Mendiola, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Dennis, J, Wang, Q (Qing), Bolla, MK, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Ko, YD, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Tajima, K, Li, JM, Brand, JS, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Lambrechts, D, Peuteman, G, Christiaens, MR, Smeets, A, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Hartman, M, Hui, M, Lim, WY, Chan, CW, Marme, F, Yang, RX, Bugert, P, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Garcia-Closas, M, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Figueroa, JD, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Hooning, Maartje, Kriege, Mieke, van den Ouweland, Ans, Koppert, Linetta, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Peto, J, Zheng, W, Deming-Halverson, S, Shrubsole, MJ, Long, JR, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Schmidt, MK (Marjanka), Broeks, A, Cornelissen, S, Braaf, L, Kang, D, Choi, JY, Park, SK, Noh, DY, Simard, J, Dumont, M, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Fasching, PA, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Azzollini, J, Barile, M, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Hopper, JL, Schmidt, DF, Makalic, E, Southey, MC, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Sivanandan, K, Tay, WT, Shen, CY, Hsiung, CN, Yu, JC, Hou, MF, Guenel, P, Sanchez, M, Mulot, C, Blot, W, Cai, QY, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Wu, AH, Tseng, CC, van den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Bogdanova, N, Dork, T, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, JM, Shu, XO, Lu, W, Gao, YT, Zhang, B, Couch, FJ, Toland, AE, Yannoukakos, D, Sangrajrang, S, Mckay, J, Wang, XS, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Purrington, K, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, Caroline, Czene, K, Eriksson, M, Humphreys, K, Darabi, H, Ahmed, S (Shahana), Shah, M, Pharoah, PDP, Hall, P, Giles, GG, Benitez, J, Dunning, AM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Easton, DF, Clinical Genetics, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical Oncology, and Surgery
Subjects: SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Abstract: Candidate variant association studies have been largely unsuccessful in identifying common breast cancer susceptibility variants, although most studies have been underpowered to detect associations of a realistic magnitude. We assessed 41 common non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) for which evidence of association with breast cancer risk had been previously reported. Case-control data were combined from 38 studies of white European women (46 450 cases and 42 600 controls) and analyzed using unconditional logistic regression. Strong evidence of association was observed for three nsSNPs: ATXN7-K264R at 3p21 [rs1053338, per allele OR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-1.10, P = 2.9 x 10 26], AKAP9-M463I at 7q21 (rs6964587, OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03-1.07, P = 1.7 x 10(-6)) and NEK10-L513S at 3p24 (rs10510592, OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.07-1.12, P = 5.1 x 10(-17)). The first two associations reached genome-wide statistical significance in a combined analysis of available data, including independent data from nine genome-wide association studies (GWASs): for ATXN7-K264R, OR = 1.07 (95% CI = 1.05-1.10, P = 1.0 x 10(-8)); for AKAP9-M463I, OR = 1.05 (95% CI = 1.04-1.07, P = 2.0 x 10(-10)). Further analysis of other common variants in these two regions suggested that intronic SNPs nearby are more strongly associated with disease risk. We have thus identified a novel susceptibility locus at 3p21, and confirmed previous suggestive evidence that rs6964587 at 7q21 is associated with risk. The third locus, rs10510592, is located in an established breast cancer susceptibility region; the association was substantially attenuated after adjustment for the known GWAS hit. Thus, each of the associated nsSNPs is likely to be a marker for another, non-coding, variant causally related to breast cancer risk. Further fine-mapping and functional studies are required to identify the underlying risk-modifying variants and the genes through which they act.
Published: 2014

8. Identification of Novel Genetic Markers of Breast Cancer Survival

Author: Guo, Q, Schmidt, MK, Kraft, P, Canisius, S, Chen, C, Khan, S, Tyrer, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Lush, M, Kar, S, Beesley, J, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Lambrechts, D, Weltens, C, Leunen, K, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaeki, K, Fagerholm, R, Muranen, TA, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Martens, JWM, Van den Ouweland, AMW, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Yang, R, Burwinkel, B, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Holleczek, B, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Mariani, P, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Chenevix-Trench, G, Balleine, R, Phillips, K-A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Hamann, U, Kabisch, M, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Margolin, S, Kristensen, V, Nord, S, Evans, DG, Abraham, JE, Earl, HM, Hiller, L, Dunn, JA, Bowden, S, Berg, C, Campa, D, Diver, WR, Gapstur, SM, Gaudet, MM, Hankinson, SE, Hoover, RN, Huesing, A, Kaaks, R, Machiela, MJ, Willett, W, Barrdahl, M, Canzian, F, Chin, S-F, Caldas, C, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Garcia-Closas, M, Hall, P, Easton, DF, Eccles, DM, Rahman, N, Nevanlinna, H, Pharoah, PDP, Guo, Q, Schmidt, MK, Kraft, P, Canisius, S, Chen, C, Khan, S, Tyrer, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Lush, M, Kar, S, Beesley, J, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Lambrechts, D, Weltens, C, Leunen, K, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaeki, K, Fagerholm, R, Muranen, TA, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Martens, JWM, Van den Ouweland, AMW, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Yang, R, Burwinkel, B, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Holleczek, B, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Mariani, P, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Chenevix-Trench, G, Balleine, R, Phillips, K-A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Hamann, U, Kabisch, M, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Margolin, S, Kristensen, V, Nord, S, Evans, DG, Abraham, JE, Earl, HM, Hiller, L, Dunn, JA, Bowden, S, Berg, C, Campa, D, Diver, WR, Gapstur, SM, Gaudet, MM, Hankinson, SE, Hoover, RN, Huesing, A, Kaaks, R, Machiela, MJ, Willett, W, Barrdahl, M, Canzian, F, Chin, S-F, Caldas, C, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Garcia-Closas, M, Hall, P, Easton, DF, Eccles, DM, Rahman, N, Nevanlinna, H, and Pharoah, PDP
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Survival after a diagnosis of breast cancer varies considerably between patients, and some of this variation may be because of germline genetic variation. We aimed to identify genetic markers associated with breast cancer-specific survival. METHODS: We conducted a large meta-analysis of studies in populations of European ancestry, including 37954 patients with 2900 deaths from breast cancer. Each study had been genotyped for between 200000 and 900000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the genome; genotypes for nine million common variants were imputed using a common reference panel from the 1000 Genomes Project. We also carried out subtype-specific analyses based on 6881 estrogen receptor (ER)-negative patients (920 events) and 23059 ER-positive patients (1333 events). All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: We identified one new locus (rs2059614 at 11q24.2) associated with survival in ER-negative breast cancer cases (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.55 to 2.47, P = 1.91 x 10(-8)). Genotyping a subset of 2113 case patients, of which 300 were ER negative, provided supporting evidence for the quality of the imputation. The association in this set of case patients was stronger for the observed genotypes than for the imputed genotypes. A second locus (rs148760487 at 2q24.2) was associated at genome-wide statistical significance in initial analyses; the association was similar in ER-positive and ER-negative case patients. Here the results of genotyping suggested that the finding was less robust. CONCLUSIONS: This is currently the largest study investigating genetic variation associated with breast cancer survival. Our results have potential clinical implications, as they confirm that germline genotype can provide prognostic information in addition to standard tumor prognostic factors.
Published: 2015

9. Genome-wide association analysis of more than 120,000 individuals identifies 15 new susceptibility loci for breast cancer

Author: Michailidou, K, Beesley, J, Lindstrom, S, Canisius, S, Dennis, J, Lush, MJ, Maranian, MJ, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Shah, M, Perkins, BJ, Czene, K, Eriksson, M, Darabi, H, Brand, JS, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Nielsen, SF, Rahman, N, Turnbull, C, Fletcher, O, Peto, J, Gibson, L, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Chang-Claude, J, Flesch-Janys, D, Rudolph, A, Eilber, U, Behrens, S, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Khan, S, Aaltonen, K, Ahsan, H, Kibriya, MG, Whittemore, AS, John, EM, Malone, KE, Gammon, MD, Santella, RM, Ursin, G, Makalic, E, Schmidt, DF, Casey, G, Hunter, DJ, Gapstur, SM, Gaudet, MM, Diver, WR, Haiman, CA, Schumacher, F, Henderson, BE, Le Marchand, L, Berg, CD, Chanock, SJ, Figueroa, J, Hoover, RN, Lambrechts, D, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, van Limbergen, E, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Verhoef, S, Cornelissen, S, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Adank, MA, van der Luijt, RB, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Yoo, K-Y, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Tajima, K, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Mulot, C, Sanchez, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Surowy, H, Sohn, C, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Arias Perez, JI, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Cai, H, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Taib, NAM, Tan, G-H, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Blot, W, Signorello, LB, Cai, Q, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Shen, C-Y, Hsiung, C-N, Wu, P-E, Hou, M-F, Kristensen, VN, Nord, S, Alnaes, GIG, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Canzian, F, Trichopoulos, D, Peeters, P, Lund, E, Sund, M, Khaw, K-T, Gunter, MJ, Palli, D, Mortensen, LM, Dossus, L, Huerta, J-M, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Sutter, C, Yang, R, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Chia, KS, Chan, CW, Fasching, PA, Hein, A, Beckmann, MW, Haeberle, L, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, Swerdlow, AJ, Brinton, L, Garcia-Closas, M, Zheng, W, Halverson, SL, Shrubsole, M, Long, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Bruening, T, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Bernard, L, Bogdanova, NV, Doerk, T, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Huzarski, T, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Kabisch, M, Torres, D, Neuhausen, SL, Anton-Culver, H, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Healey, CS, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Simard, J, Pharoah, PPDP, Kraft, P, Dunning, AM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Hall, P, Easton, DF, Michailidou, K, Beesley, J, Lindstrom, S, Canisius, S, Dennis, J, Lush, MJ, Maranian, MJ, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Shah, M, Perkins, BJ, Czene, K, Eriksson, M, Darabi, H, Brand, JS, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Nielsen, SF, Rahman, N, Turnbull, C, Fletcher, O, Peto, J, Gibson, L, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Chang-Claude, J, Flesch-Janys, D, Rudolph, A, Eilber, U, Behrens, S, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Khan, S, Aaltonen, K, Ahsan, H, Kibriya, MG, Whittemore, AS, John, EM, Malone, KE, Gammon, MD, Santella, RM, Ursin, G, Makalic, E, Schmidt, DF, Casey, G, Hunter, DJ, Gapstur, SM, Gaudet, MM, Diver, WR, Haiman, CA, Schumacher, F, Henderson, BE, Le Marchand, L, Berg, CD, Chanock, SJ, Figueroa, J, Hoover, RN, Lambrechts, D, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, van Limbergen, E, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Verhoef, S, Cornelissen, S, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Adank, MA, van der Luijt, RB, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Yoo, K-Y, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Tajima, K, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Mulot, C, Sanchez, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Surowy, H, Sohn, C, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Arias Perez, JI, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Cai, H, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Taib, NAM, Tan, G-H, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Blot, W, Signorello, LB, Cai, Q, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Shen, C-Y, Hsiung, C-N, Wu, P-E, Hou, M-F, Kristensen, VN, Nord, S, Alnaes, GIG, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Canzian, F, Trichopoulos, D, Peeters, P, Lund, E, Sund, M, Khaw, K-T, Gunter, MJ, Palli, D, Mortensen, LM, Dossus, L, Huerta, J-M, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Sutter, C, Yang, R, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Chia, KS, Chan, CW, Fasching, PA, Hein, A, Beckmann, MW, Haeberle, L, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, Swerdlow, AJ, Brinton, L, Garcia-Closas, M, Zheng, W, Halverson, SL, Shrubsole, M, Long, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Bruening, T, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Bernard, L, Bogdanova, NV, Doerk, T, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Huzarski, T, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Kabisch, M, Torres, D, Neuhausen, SL, Anton-Culver, H, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Healey, CS, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Pita, G, Rosario Alonso, M, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Simard, J, Pharoah, PPDP, Kraft, P, Dunning, AM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Hall, P, and Easton, DF
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and large-scale replication studies have identified common variants in 79 loci associated with breast cancer, explaining ∼14% of the familial risk of the disease. To identify new susceptibility loci, we performed a meta-analysis of 11 GWAS, comprising 15,748 breast cancer cases and 18,084 controls together with 46,785 cases and 42,892 controls from 41 studies genotyped on a 211,155-marker custom array (iCOGS). Analyses were restricted to women of European ancestry. We generated genotypes for more than 11 million SNPs by imputation using the 1000 Genomes Project reference panel, and we identified 15 new loci associated with breast cancer at P < 5 × 10(-8). Combining association analysis with ChIP-seq chromatin binding data in mammary cell lines and ChIA-PET chromatin interaction data from ENCODE, we identified likely target genes in two regions: SETBP1 at 18q12.3 and RNF115 and PDZK1 at 1q21.1. One association appears to be driven by an amino acid substitution encoded in EXO1.
Published: 2015

10. Common germline polymorphisms associated with breast cancer-specific survival

Author: Pirie, A, Guo, Q, Kraft, P, Canisius, S, Eccles, DM, Rahman, N, Nevanlinna, H, Chen, C, Khan, S, Tyrer, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Lush, M, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Lambrechts, D, Weltens, C, Leunen, K, van Ongeval, C, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaki, K, Fagerholm, R, Muranen, TA, Olsen, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Broeks, A, Cornelissen, S, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Martens, JWM, van den Ouweland, AMW, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Yang, R, Burwinkel, B, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Brenner, H, Butterbach, K, Holleczek, B, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Ficarazzi, F, Beckmann, MW, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Balleine, R, Phillips, K-A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Gronwald, J, Durda, K, Hamann, U, Kabisch, M, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Margolin, S, Kristensen, V, Nord, S, Evans, DG, Abraham, J, Earl, H, Poole, CJ, Hiller, L, Dunn, JA, Bowden, S, Campa, D, Diver, WR, Gapstur, SM, Gaudet, MM, Hankinson, S, Hoover, RN, Husing, A, Kaaks, R, Machiela, MJ, Willett, W, Barrdahl, M, Canzian, F, Chin, S-F, Caldas, C, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Garcia-Closas, M, Couch, FJ, Chenevix-Trench, G, Mannermaa, A, Andrulis, IL, Hall, P, Chang-Claude, J, Easton, DF, Bojesen, SE, Cox, A, Fasching, PA, Pharoah, PDP, Schmidt, MK, Pirie, A, Guo, Q, Kraft, P, Canisius, S, Eccles, DM, Rahman, N, Nevanlinna, H, Chen, C, Khan, S, Tyrer, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Lush, M, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Lambrechts, D, Weltens, C, Leunen, K, van Ongeval, C, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaki, K, Fagerholm, R, Muranen, TA, Olsen, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Broeks, A, Cornelissen, S, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Martens, JWM, van den Ouweland, AMW, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Yang, R, Burwinkel, B, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Brenner, H, Butterbach, K, Holleczek, B, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Li, J, Brand, JS, Humphreys, K, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Ficarazzi, F, Beckmann, MW, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Balleine, R, Phillips, K-A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Gronwald, J, Durda, K, Hamann, U, Kabisch, M, Ulmer, HU, Ruediger, T, Margolin, S, Kristensen, V, Nord, S, Evans, DG, Abraham, J, Earl, H, Poole, CJ, Hiller, L, Dunn, JA, Bowden, S, Campa, D, Diver, WR, Gapstur, SM, Gaudet, MM, Hankinson, S, Hoover, RN, Husing, A, Kaaks, R, Machiela, MJ, Willett, W, Barrdahl, M, Canzian, F, Chin, S-F, Caldas, C, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Garcia-Closas, M, Couch, FJ, Chenevix-Trench, G, Mannermaa, A, Andrulis, IL, Hall, P, Chang-Claude, J, Easton, DF, Bojesen, SE, Cox, A, Fasching, PA, Pharoah, PDP, and Schmidt, MK
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have identified common germline variants nominally associated with breast cancer survival. These associations have not been widely replicated in further studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of previously reported SNPs with breast cancer-specific survival using data from a pooled analysis of eight breast cancer survival genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. METHODS: A literature review was conducted of all previously published associations between common germline variants and three survival outcomes: breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival and disease-free survival. All associations that reached the nominal significance level of P value <0.05 were included. Single nucleotide polymorphisms that had been previously reported as nominally associated with at least one survival outcome were evaluated in the pooled analysis of over 37,000 breast cancer cases for association with breast cancer-specific survival. Previous associations were evaluated using a one-sided test based on the reported direction of effect. RESULTS: Fifty-six variants from 45 previous publications were evaluated in the meta-analysis. Fifty-four of these were evaluated in the full set of 37,954 breast cancer cases with 2,900 events and the two additional variants were evaluated in a reduced sample size of 30,000 samples in order to ensure independence from the previously published studies. Five variants reached nominal significance (P <0.05) in the pooled GWAS data compared to 2.8 expected under the null hypothesis. Seven additional variants were associated (P <0.05) with ER-positive disease. CONCLUSIONS: Although no variants reached genome-wide significance (P <5 x 10(-8)), these results suggest that there is some evidence of association between candidate common germline variants and breast cancer prognosis. Larger studies from multinational collaborations are necessary to increase the
Published: 2015

11. Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk Based on Profiling With Common Genetic Variants

Author: Mavaddat, N, Pharoah, PDP, Michailidou, K, Tyrer, J, Brook, MN, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Dudbridge, F, Johnson, N, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Verhoef, S, Rutgers, EJ, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Brinton, L, Lissowska, J, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Pankratz, VS, Lambrechts, D, Wildiers, H, Van Ongeval, C, Van Limbergen, E, Kristensen, V, Alnaes, GG, Nord, S, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaeki, K, Blomqvist, C, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Trentham-Dietz, A, Newcomb, P, Titus, L, Egan, KM, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Tamimi, RM, Kraft, P, Rahman, N, Turnbull, C, Renwick, A, Seal, S, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Doerk, T, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, van Asperen, CJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Khusnutdinova, E, Bermisheva, M, Prokofyeva, D, Takhirova, Z, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Sutter, C, Yang, R, Schuermann, P, Bremer, M, Christiansen, H, Park-Simon, T-W, Hillemanns, P, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Pensotti, V, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Ko, Y-D, Sigurdson, AJ, Doody, MM, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, H-U, Foersti, A, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Balleine, R, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Eilber, U, Wang-Gohrke, S, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, van den Ouweland, AMW, Koppert, LB, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, R, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Brenner, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Dieffenbach, AK, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Offit, K, Vijai, J, Robson, M, Rau-Murthy, R, Dwek, M, Swann, R, Perkins, KA, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Eccles, DM, Tapper, WJ, Rafiq, S, John, EM, Whittemore, AS, Slager, S, Yannoukakos, D, Toland, AE, Yao, S, Zheng, W, Halverson, SL, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Maranian, M, Healey, CS, Simard, J, Hall, P, Easton, DF, Garcia-Closas, M, Mavaddat, N, Pharoah, PDP, Michailidou, K, Tyrer, J, Brook, MN, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Dudbridge, F, Johnson, N, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Verhoef, S, Rutgers, EJ, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Brinton, L, Lissowska, J, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Pankratz, VS, Lambrechts, D, Wildiers, H, Van Ongeval, C, Van Limbergen, E, Kristensen, V, Alnaes, GG, Nord, S, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaeki, K, Blomqvist, C, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Trentham-Dietz, A, Newcomb, P, Titus, L, Egan, KM, Hunter, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Tamimi, RM, Kraft, P, Rahman, N, Turnbull, C, Renwick, A, Seal, S, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Doerk, T, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, van Asperen, CJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Khusnutdinova, E, Bermisheva, M, Prokofyeva, D, Takhirova, Z, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Sutter, C, Yang, R, Schuermann, P, Bremer, M, Christiansen, H, Park-Simon, T-W, Hillemanns, P, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Pensotti, V, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Ko, Y-D, Sigurdson, AJ, Doody, MM, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, H-U, Foersti, A, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Balleine, R, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Eilber, U, Wang-Gohrke, S, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, van den Ouweland, AMW, Koppert, LB, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, R, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Brenner, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Dieffenbach, AK, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Offit, K, Vijai, J, Robson, M, Rau-Murthy, R, Dwek, M, Swann, R, Perkins, KA, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Eccles, DM, Tapper, WJ, Rafiq, S, John, EM, Whittemore, AS, Slager, S, Yannoukakos, D, Toland, AE, Yao, S, Zheng, W, Halverson, SL, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Maranian, M, Healey, CS, Simard, J, Hall, P, Easton, DF, and Garcia-Closas, M
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Data for multiple common susceptibility alleles for breast cancer may be combined to identify women at different levels of breast cancer risk. Such stratification could guide preventive and screening strategies. However, empirical evidence for genetic risk stratification is lacking. METHODS: We investigated the value of using 77 breast cancer-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for risk stratification, in a study of 33 673 breast cancer cases and 33 381 control women of European origin. We tested all possible pair-wise multiplicative interactions and constructed a 77-SNP polygenic risk score (PRS) for breast cancer overall and by estrogen receptor (ER) status. Absolute risks of breast cancer by PRS were derived from relative risk estimates and UK incidence and mortality rates. RESULTS: There was no strong evidence for departure from a multiplicative model for any SNP pair. Women in the highest 1% of the PRS had a three-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer compared with women in the middle quintile (odds ratio [OR] = 3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.95 to 3.83). The ORs for ER-positive and ER-negative disease were 3.73 (95% CI = 3.24 to 4.30) and 2.80 (95% CI = 2.26 to 3.46), respectively. Lifetime risk of breast cancer for women in the lowest and highest quintiles of the PRS were 5.2% and 16.6% for a woman without family history, and 8.6% and 24.4% for a woman with a first-degree family history of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The PRS stratifies breast cancer risk in women both with and without a family history of breast cancer. The observed level of risk discrimination could inform targeted screening and prevention strategies. Further discrimination may be achievable through combining the PRS with lifestyle/environmental factors, although these were not considered in this report.
Published: 2015

12. Fine-Scale Mapping of the 5q11.2 Breast Cancer Locus Reveals at Least Three Independent Risk Variants Regulating MAP3K1

Author: Glubb, DM, Maranian, MJ, Michailidou, K, Pooley, KA, Meyer, KB, Kar, S, Carlebur, S, O'Reilly, M, Betts, JA, Hillman, KM, Kaufmann, S, Beesley, J, Canisius, S, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Schmidt, MK (Marjanka), Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, van der Schoot, CE, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Fasching, PA, Ruebner, M, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Pharoah, PDP, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q (Qing), Dennis, J, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Yang, RX, Surowy, H, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Gonzelez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Ko, YD, Bruning, T, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Tanaka, H, Dork, T, Bogdanova, NV, Helbig, S, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, JM, Wu, AH, Tseng, CC, van den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Lambrechts, D, Zhao, H (Hui), Weltens, C, van Limbergen, E, Chang-Claude, J, Flesch-Janys, D, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Barile, M, Capra, F, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, See, MH, Cornes, B, Cheng, CY (Ching-Yu), Ikram, Kamran, Kristensen, V, Zheng, W, Halverson, SL, Shrubsole, M, Long, J, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kauppila, S, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, Caroline, van Asperen, CJ, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Czene, K, Klevebring, D, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Hooning, Maartje, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Martens, John, Collee, Margriet, Hall, P, Li, JM, Humphreys, K, Shu, XO, Lu, W, Gao, YT, Cai, H, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Blot, W, Signorello, LB, Cai, QY, Shah, M, Ghoussaini, M, Kang, D, Choi, JY, Park, SK, Noh, DY, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Lim, WY, Tang, A, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Olswold, C, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Yannoukakos, D, Shen, CY, Wu, PE, Yu, JC, Hou, MF, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S (Shahana), Healey, CS, Brown, MA, Ponder, BAJ, Chenevix-Trench, G, Thompson, DJ, Edwards, SL, Easton, DF, Dunning, AM, French, JD, Glubb, DM, Maranian, MJ, Michailidou, K, Pooley, KA, Meyer, KB, Kar, S, Carlebur, S, O'Reilly, M, Betts, JA, Hillman, KM, Kaufmann, S, Beesley, J, Canisius, S, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Apicella, C, Schmidt, MK (Marjanka), Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FB, van der Schoot, CE, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Fasching, PA, Ruebner, M, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Pharoah, PDP, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q (Qing), Dennis, J, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Yang, RX, Surowy, H, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Gonzelez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, MP, Perez, JIA, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Ko, YD, Bruning, T, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Tanaka, H, Dork, T, Bogdanova, NV, Helbig, S, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, JM, Wu, AH, Tseng, CC, van den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Lambrechts, D, Zhao, H (Hui), Weltens, C, van Limbergen, E, Chang-Claude, J, Flesch-Janys, D, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Barile, M, Capra, F, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, See, MH, Cornes, B, Cheng, CY (Ching-Yu), Ikram, Kamran, Kristensen, V, Zheng, W, Halverson, SL, Shrubsole, M, Long, J, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kauppila, S, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, Caroline, van Asperen, CJ, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Czene, K, Klevebring, D, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Hooning, Maartje, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Martens, John, Collee, Margriet, Hall, P, Li, JM, Humphreys, K, Shu, XO, Lu, W, Gao, YT, Cai, H, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Blot, W, Signorello, LB, Cai, QY, Shah, M, Ghoussaini, M, Kang, D, Choi, JY, Park, SK, Noh, DY, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Lim, WY, Tang, A, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Olswold, C, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Yannoukakos, D, Shen, CY, Wu, PE, Yu, JC, Hou, MF, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S (Shahana), Healey, CS, Brown, MA, Ponder, BAJ, Chenevix-Trench, G, Thompson, DJ, Edwards, SL, Easton, DF, Dunning, AM, and French, JD
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed SNP rs889312 on 5q11.2 to be associated with breast cancer risk in women of European ancestry. In an attempt to identify the biologically relevant variants, we analyzed 909 genetic variants across 5q11.2 in 103,991 breast cancer individuals and control individuals from 52 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Multiple logistic regression analyses identified three independent risk signals: the strongest associations were with 15 correlated variants (iCHAV1), where the minor allele of the best candidate, rs62355902, associated with significantly increased risks of both estrogen-receptor-positive (ER-: odds ratio [OR] = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21-1.27, p(trend) = 5.7 3 10(-44)) and estrogen-receptor-negative (ER-: OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.05-1.15, p(trend) = 3.0 x 10(-4)) tumors. After adjustment for rs62355902, we found evidence of association of a further 173 variants (iCHAV2) containing three subsets with a range of effects (the strongest was rs113317823 [p(cond) = 1.61 x 10(-5)]) and five variants composing iCHAV3 (lead rs11949391; ER-: OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.87-0.93, p(cond) = 1.4 x 10(-4)). Twenty-six percent of the prioritized candidate variants coincided with four putative regulatory elements that interact with the MAP3K1 promoter through chromatin looping and affect MAP3K1 promoter activity. Functional analysis indicated that the cancer risk alleles of four candidates (rs74345699 and rs62355900 [iCHAV1], rs16886397 [iCHAV2a], and rs17432750 [iCHAV3]) increased MAP3K1 transcriptional activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed diminished GATA3 binding to the minor (cancer-protective) allele of rs17432750, indicating a mechanism for its action. We propose that the cancer risk alleles act to increase MAP3K1 expression in vivo and might promote breast cancer cell survival.
Published: 2015

13. Genetic Predisposition to In Situ and Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast

Author: Gibson, G, Sawyer, E, Roylance, R, Petridis, C, Brook, MN, Nowinski, S, Papouli, E, Fletcher, O, Pinder, S, Hanby, A, Kohut, K, Gorman, P, Caneppele, M, Peto, J, Silva, IDS, Johnson, N, Swann, R, Dwek, M, Perkins, K-A, Gillett, C, Houlston, R, Ross, G, De Ieso, P, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Provenzano, E, Apicella, C, Wesseling, J, Cornelissen, S, Keeman, R, Fasching, PA, Jud, SM, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Kerin, MJ, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Kerbrat, P, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Benitez, J, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Meindl, A, Lichtner, P, Schmutzler, RK, Lochmann, M, Brauch, H, Fischer, H-P, Ko, Y-D, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Dork, T, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Lambrechts, D, Weltens, C, Van Limbergen, E, Hatse, S, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Volorio, S, Giles, GG, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Mclean, CA, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Kristensen, V, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kauppila, S, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Devillee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, CM, Kriege, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Sherman, ME, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, van den Ouweland, AMW, van Deurzen, CHM, Li, J, Czene, K, Humphreys, K, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Shah, M, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Couch, FJ, Hallberg, E, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Dunning, AM, Hall, P, Easton, D, Pharoah, P, Schmidt, MK, Tomlinson, I, Garcia-Closas, M, Gibson, G, Sawyer, E, Roylance, R, Petridis, C, Brook, MN, Nowinski, S, Papouli, E, Fletcher, O, Pinder, S, Hanby, A, Kohut, K, Gorman, P, Caneppele, M, Peto, J, Silva, IDS, Johnson, N, Swann, R, Dwek, M, Perkins, K-A, Gillett, C, Houlston, R, Ross, G, De Ieso, P, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Provenzano, E, Apicella, C, Wesseling, J, Cornelissen, S, Keeman, R, Fasching, PA, Jud, SM, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Kerin, MJ, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Kerbrat, P, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Perez, JIA, Menendez, P, Benitez, J, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Meindl, A, Lichtner, P, Schmutzler, RK, Lochmann, M, Brauch, H, Fischer, H-P, Ko, Y-D, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Dork, T, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Lambrechts, D, Weltens, C, Van Limbergen, E, Hatse, S, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Volorio, S, Giles, GG, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Mclean, CA, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Kristensen, V, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kauppila, S, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Devillee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, CM, Kriege, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Sherman, ME, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, van den Ouweland, AMW, van Deurzen, CHM, Li, J, Czene, K, Humphreys, K, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Shah, M, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Couch, FJ, Hallberg, E, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Dunning, AM, Hall, P, Easton, D, Pharoah, P, Schmidt, MK, Tomlinson, I, and Garcia-Closas, M
Abstract: Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) accounts for 10-15% of all invasive breast carcinomas. It is generally ER positive (ER+) and often associated with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 70 common polymorphisms that predispose to breast cancer, but these studies included predominantly ductal (IDC) carcinomas. To identify novel common polymorphisms that predispose to ILC and LCIS, we pooled data from 6,023 cases (5,622 ILC, 401 pure LCIS) and 34,271 controls from 36 studies genotyped using the iCOGS chip. Six novel SNPs most strongly associated with ILC/LCIS in the pooled analysis were genotyped in a further 516 lobular cases (482 ILC, 36 LCIS) and 1,467 controls. These analyses identified a lobular-specific SNP at 7q34 (rs11977670, OR (95%CI) for ILC = 1.13 (1.09-1.18), P = 6.0 × 10(-10); P-het for ILC vs IDC ER+ tumors = 1.8 × 10(-4)). Of the 75 known breast cancer polymorphisms that were genotyped, 56 were associated with ILC and 15 with LCIS at P<0.05. Two SNPs showed significantly stronger associations for ILC than LCIS (rs2981579/10q26/FGFR2, P-het = 0.04 and rs889312/5q11/MAP3K1, P-het = 0.03); and two showed stronger associations for LCIS than ILC (rs6678914/1q32/LGR6, P-het = 0.001 and rs1752911/6q14, P-het = 0.04). In addition, seven of the 75 known loci showed significant differences between ER+ tumors with IDC and ILC histology, three of these showing stronger associations for ILC (rs11249433/1p11, rs2981579/10q26/FGFR2 and rs10995190/10q21/ZNF365) and four associated only with IDC (5p12/rs10941679; rs2588809/14q24/RAD51L1, rs6472903/8q21 and rs1550623/2q31/CDCA7). In conclusion, we have identified one novel lobular breast cancer specific predisposition polymorphism at 7q34, and shown for the first time that common breast cancer polymorphisms predispose to LCIS. We have shown that many of the ER+ breast cancer predisposition loci also predispose to ILC, although there is some heterogeneity between E
Published: 2014

14. Refined histopathological predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status: a large-scale analysis of breast cancer characteristics from the BCAC, CIMBA, and ENIGMA consortia

Author: Spurdle, AB, Couch, FJ, Parsons, MT, McGuffog, L, Barrowdale, D, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Healey, S, Schmutzler, RK, Wappenschmidt, B, Rhiem, K, Hahnen, E, Engel, C, Meindl, A, Ditsch, N, Arnold, N, Plendl, H, Niederacher, D, Sutter, C, Wang-Gohrke, S, Steinemann, D, Preisler-Adams, S, Kast, K, Varon-Mateeva, R, Ellis, S, Frost, D, Platte, R, Perkins, J, Evans, DG, Izatt, L, Eeles, R, Adlard, J, Davidson, R, Cole, T, Scuvera, G, Manoukian, S, Bonanni, B, Mariette, F, Fortuzzi, S, Viel, A, Pasini, B, Papi, L, Varesco, L, Balleine, R, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Offitt, K, Jakubowska, A, Lindor, N, Thomassen, M, Jensen, UB, Rantala, J, Borg, A, Andrulis, IL, Miron, A, Hansen, TVO, Caldes, T, Neuhausen, SL, Toland, AE, Nevanlinna, H, Montagna, M, Garber, J, Godwin, AK, Osorio, A, Factor, RE, Terry, MB, Rebbeck, TR, Karlan, BY, Southey, M, Rashid, MU, Tung, N, Pharoah, PDP, Blows, FM, Dunning, AM, Provenzano, E, Hall, P, Czene, K, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Cornelissen, S, Verhoef, S, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Slamon, DJ, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Chang-Claude, J, Flesch-Janys, D, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Aittomaki, K, Muranen, TA, Heikkila, P, Blomqvist, C, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Brinton, L, Lissowska, J, Olson, JE, Pankratz, VS, John, EM, Whittemore, AS, West, DW, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, HU, Rudiger, T, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Eccles, DM, Tapper, WJ, Durcan, L, Jones, L, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Dwek, M, Swann, R, Bane, AL, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, Baglietto, L, McLean, C, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, R, Brauch, H, Bruning, T, Ko, Y-D, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Gronwald, J, Dork, T, Bogdanova, N, Park-Simon, T-W, Hillemanns, P, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Surovy, H, Yang, R, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Hooning, MJ, Collee, JM, Martens, JWM, Tilanus-Linthorst, MMA, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Joseph, V, Robson, M, Rau-Murthy, R, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Arias, JI, Zamora, P, Benitez, J, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Peterlongo, P, Zaffaroni, D, Barile, M, Capra, F, Radice, P, Teo, SH, Easton, DF, Antoniou, AC, Chenevix-Trench, G, Goldgar, DE, Spurdle, AB, Couch, FJ, Parsons, MT, McGuffog, L, Barrowdale, D, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Healey, S, Schmutzler, RK, Wappenschmidt, B, Rhiem, K, Hahnen, E, Engel, C, Meindl, A, Ditsch, N, Arnold, N, Plendl, H, Niederacher, D, Sutter, C, Wang-Gohrke, S, Steinemann, D, Preisler-Adams, S, Kast, K, Varon-Mateeva, R, Ellis, S, Frost, D, Platte, R, Perkins, J, Evans, DG, Izatt, L, Eeles, R, Adlard, J, Davidson, R, Cole, T, Scuvera, G, Manoukian, S, Bonanni, B, Mariette, F, Fortuzzi, S, Viel, A, Pasini, B, Papi, L, Varesco, L, Balleine, R, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Offitt, K, Jakubowska, A, Lindor, N, Thomassen, M, Jensen, UB, Rantala, J, Borg, A, Andrulis, IL, Miron, A, Hansen, TVO, Caldes, T, Neuhausen, SL, Toland, AE, Nevanlinna, H, Montagna, M, Garber, J, Godwin, AK, Osorio, A, Factor, RE, Terry, MB, Rebbeck, TR, Karlan, BY, Southey, M, Rashid, MU, Tung, N, Pharoah, PDP, Blows, FM, Dunning, AM, Provenzano, E, Hall, P, Czene, K, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Cornelissen, S, Verhoef, S, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Slamon, DJ, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Chang-Claude, J, Flesch-Janys, D, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Aittomaki, K, Muranen, TA, Heikkila, P, Blomqvist, C, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Brinton, L, Lissowska, J, Olson, JE, Pankratz, VS, John, EM, Whittemore, AS, West, DW, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Ulmer, HU, Rudiger, T, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Eccles, DM, Tapper, WJ, Durcan, L, Jones, L, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Dwek, M, Swann, R, Bane, AL, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, Baglietto, L, McLean, C, Carpenter, J, Clarke, C, Scott, R, Brauch, H, Bruning, T, Ko, Y-D, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Gronwald, J, Dork, T, Bogdanova, N, Park-Simon, T-W, Hillemanns, P, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Surovy, H, Yang, R, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Hooning, MJ, Collee, JM, Martens, JWM, Tilanus-Linthorst, MMA, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Joseph, V, Robson, M, Rau-Murthy, R, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Arias, JI, Zamora, P, Benitez, J, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Peterlongo, P, Zaffaroni, D, Barile, M, Capra, F, Radice, P, Teo, SH, Easton, DF, Antoniou, AC, Chenevix-Trench, G, and Goldgar, DE
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The distribution of histopathological features of invasive breast tumors in BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation carriers differs from that of individuals with no known mutation. Histopathological features thus have utility for mutation prediction, including statistical modeling to assess pathogenicity of BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants of uncertain clinical significance. We analyzed large pathology datasets accrued by the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA) and the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) to reassess histopathological predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status, and provide robust likelihood ratio (LR) estimates for statistical modeling. METHODS: Selection criteria for study/center inclusion were estrogen receptor (ER) status or grade data available for invasive breast cancer diagnosed younger than 70 years. The dataset included 4,477 BRCA1 mutation carriers, 2,565 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 47,565 BCAC breast cancer cases. Country-stratified estimates of the likelihood of mutation status by histopathological markers were derived using a Mantel-Haenszel approach. RESULTS: ER-positive phenotype negatively predicted BRCA1 mutation status, irrespective of grade (LRs from 0.08 to 0.90). ER-negative grade 3 histopathology was more predictive of positive BRCA1 mutation status in women 50 years or older (LR = 4.13 (3.70 to 4.62)) versus younger than 50 years (LR = 3.16 (2.96 to 3.37)). For BRCA2, ER-positive grade 3 phenotype modestly predicted positive mutation status irrespective of age (LR = 1.7-fold), whereas ER-negative grade 3 features modestly predicted positive mutation status at 50 years or older (LR = 1.54 (1.27 to 1.88)). Triple-negative tumor status was highly predictive of BRCA1 mutation status for women younger than 50 years (LR = 3.73 (3.43 to 4.05)) and 50 years or older (LR = 4.41 (3.86 to 5.04)), and modestly predictive of positive BRCA2 mutation status in women 50 years or older (LR = 1.79 (1.42 to 2.24)
Published: 2014

15. MicroRNA Related Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk

Author: Zhao, Z, Khan, S, Greco, D, Michailidou, K, Milne, RL, Muranen, TA, Heikkinen, T, Aaltonen, K, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Liu, J, Hall, P, Irwanto, A, Humphreys, K, Li, J, Czene, K, Chang-Claude, J, Hein, R, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Fletcher, O, Peto, J, Silva, IDS, Johnson, N, Gibson, L, Aitken, Z, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Bui, M, Makalic, E, Schmidt, DF, Southey, MC, Apicella, C, Stone, J, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Adank, MA, van der Luijt, RB, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Muller-Myhsok, B, Lichtner, P, Turnbull, C, Rahman, N, Chanock, SJ, Hunter, DJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Hogervorst, FB, Fasching, PA, Schrauder, MG, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Zamora, PM, Perez, JIA, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Pharoah, PDP, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Vachon, C, Olson, JE, Lambrechts, D, Moisse, M, Paridaens, R, Christiaens, M-R, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Mulot, C, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Tchatchou, S, Mulligan, AM, Dork, T, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Anton-Culver, H, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Lissowska, J, Brinton, L, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, van Asperen, CJ, Kristensen, VN, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Barile, M, Mariani, P, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Jager, A, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Giles, GG, McLean, C, Brauch, H, Bruning, T, Ko, Y-D, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Mannermaa, A, Hamann, U, Chenevix-Trench, G, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaki, K, Easton, DF, Nevanlinna, H, Zhao, Z, Khan, S, Greco, D, Michailidou, K, Milne, RL, Muranen, TA, Heikkinen, T, Aaltonen, K, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Liu, J, Hall, P, Irwanto, A, Humphreys, K, Li, J, Czene, K, Chang-Claude, J, Hein, R, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Fletcher, O, Peto, J, Silva, IDS, Johnson, N, Gibson, L, Aitken, Z, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Bui, M, Makalic, E, Schmidt, DF, Southey, MC, Apicella, C, Stone, J, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Adank, MA, van der Luijt, RB, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Muller-Myhsok, B, Lichtner, P, Turnbull, C, Rahman, N, Chanock, SJ, Hunter, DJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Hogervorst, FB, Fasching, PA, Schrauder, MG, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Zamora, PM, Perez, JIA, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Pharoah, PDP, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Vachon, C, Olson, JE, Lambrechts, D, Moisse, M, Paridaens, R, Christiaens, M-R, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Mulot, C, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Tchatchou, S, Mulligan, AM, Dork, T, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Anton-Culver, H, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Lissowska, J, Brinton, L, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, van Asperen, CJ, Kristensen, VN, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Barile, M, Mariani, P, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, Jager, A, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Giles, GG, McLean, C, Brauch, H, Bruning, T, Ko, Y-D, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Mannermaa, A, Hamann, U, Chenevix-Trench, G, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaki, K, Easton, DF, and Nevanlinna, H
Abstract: Genetic variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNA) or in the miRNA binding sites may affect the miRNA dependent gene expression regulation, which has been implicated in various cancers, including breast cancer, and may alter individual susceptibility to cancer. We investigated associations between miRNA related SNPs and breast cancer risk. First we evaluated 2,196 SNPs in a case-control study combining nine genome wide association studies (GWAS). Second, we further investigated 42 SNPs with suggestive evidence for association using 41,785 cases and 41,880 controls from 41 studies included in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Combining the GWAS and BCAC data within a meta-analysis, we estimated main effects on breast cancer risk as well as risks for estrogen receptor (ER) and age defined subgroups. Five miRNA binding site SNPs associated significantly with breast cancer risk: rs1045494 (odds ratio (OR) 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.96), rs1052532 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99), rs10719 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99), rs4687554 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, and rs3134615 (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05) located in the 3' UTR of CASP8, HDDC3, DROSHA, MUSTN1, and MYCL1, respectively. DROSHA belongs to miRNA machinery genes and has a central role in initial miRNA processing. The remaining genes are involved in different molecular functions, including apoptosis and gene expression regulation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate whether the miRNA binding site SNPs are the causative variants for the observed risk effects.
Published: 2014

16. Evidence that breast cancer risk at the 2q35 locus is mediated through IGFBP5 regulation

Author: Ghoussaini, M, Edwards, SL, Michailidou, K, Nord, S, Lari, RC-S, Desai, K, Kar, S, Hillman, KM, Kaufmann, S, Glubb, DM, Beesley, J, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dicks, E, Guo, Q, Schmidt, MK, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Klevebring, D, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Lambrechts, D, Thienpont, B, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Rutgers, EJT, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Gibson, L, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Hall, P, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Noh, D-Y, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Yatabe, Y, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van Den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Arias Perez, JI, Menendez, P, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Cai, Q, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Lee, DSC, Wong, TY, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, van Deurzen, CHM, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Kapuscinski, MK, Shen, C-Y, Wu, P-E, Yu, J-C, Chen, S-T, Alnaes, GG, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Buhari, SABS, Teo, YY, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Koto, Y-D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Volorio, S, Doerk, T, Bogdanova, NV, Helbig, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Zheng, W, Long, J, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Maranian, M, Healey, CS, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, de Santiago, I, Carroll, J, Caldas, C, Brown, MA, Lupien, M, Kristensen, VN, Pharoah, PDP, Chenevix-Trench, G, French, JD, Easton, DF, Dunning, AM, Ghoussaini, M, Edwards, SL, Michailidou, K, Nord, S, Lari, RC-S, Desai, K, Kar, S, Hillman, KM, Kaufmann, S, Glubb, DM, Beesley, J, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Dicks, E, Guo, Q, Schmidt, MK, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Klevebring, D, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Lambrechts, D, Thienpont, B, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Rutgers, EJT, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Hallberg, E, Vachon, C, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Gibson, L, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Hall, P, Li, J, Liu, J, Humphreys, K, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Noh, D-Y, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Yatabe, Y, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Menegaux, F, Sanchez, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van Den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Benitez, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Arias Perez, JI, Menendez, P, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Cai, Q, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Lee, DSC, Wong, TY, Hooning, MJ, Martens, JWM, Collee, JM, van Deurzen, CHM, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Tsimiklis, H, Kapuscinski, MK, Shen, C-Y, Wu, P-E, Yu, J-C, Chen, S-T, Alnaes, GG, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Giles, GG, Milne, RL, McLean, C, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Buhari, SABS, Teo, YY, Fasching, PA, Haeberle, L, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Schoemaker, MJ, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Koto, Y-D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Volorio, S, Doerk, T, Bogdanova, NV, Helbig, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Van Asperen, CJ, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Hamann, U, Torres, D, Zheng, W, Long, J, Anton-Culver, H, Neuhausen, SL, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Ahmed, S, Maranian, M, Healey, CS, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Pita, G, Alonso, MR, Alvarez, N, Herrero, D, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, de Santiago, I, Carroll, J, Caldas, C, Brown, MA, Lupien, M, Kristensen, VN, Pharoah, PDP, Chenevix-Trench, G, French, JD, Easton, DF, and Dunning, AM
Abstract: GWAS have identified a breast cancer susceptibility locus on 2q35. Here we report the fine mapping of this locus using data from 101,943 subjects from 50 case-control studies. We genotype 276 SNPs using the 'iCOGS' genotyping array and impute genotypes for a further 1,284 using 1000 Genomes Project data. All but two, strongly correlated SNPs (rs4442975 G/T and rs6721996 G/A) are excluded as candidate causal variants at odds against >100:1. The best functional candidate, rs4442975, is associated with oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) disease with an odds ratio (OR) in Europeans of 0.85 (95% confidence interval=0.84-0.87; P=1.7 × 10(-43)) per t-allele. This SNP flanks a transcriptional enhancer that physically interacts with the promoter of IGFBP5 (encoding insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5) and displays allele-specific gene expression, FOXA1 binding and chromatin looping. Evidence suggests that the g-allele confers increased breast cancer susceptibility through relative downregulation of IGFBP5, a gene with known roles in breast cell biology.
Published: 2014

17. Genetic variation at CYP3A is associated with age at menarche and breast cancer risk: a case-control study

Author: Johnson, N, Dudbridge, F, Orr, N, Gibson, L, Jones, ME, Schoemaker, MJ, Folkerd, EJ, Haynes, BP, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Dite, GS, Apicella, C, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Atsma, F, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Renner, SP, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Cordina, E, Menegaux, F, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Milne, R, Zamora, MP, Arias Perez, JI, Benitez, J, Bernstein, L, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Dur, CC, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Dieffenbach, AK, Meindl, A, Heil, J, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Ko, Y-D, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaeki, K, Blomqvist, C, Matsuo, K, Doerk, T, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Lindblom, A, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Beesley, J, Wu, AH, Van den Berg, D, Tseng, C-C, Lambrechts, D, Smeets, D, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Pensotti, V, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Wang, X, Fredericksen, Z, Pankratz, VS, Giles, GG, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Haiman, C, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Soucy, P, Teo, S, Yip, CH, Phuah, SY, Cornes, BK, Kristensen, VN, Alnaes, GG, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Zheng, W, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Devillee, P, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Sherman, ME, Hall, P, Schoof, N, Hooning, M, Hollestelle, A, Oldenburg, RA, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Liu, J, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Reed, MWR, Cross, SS, Blot, W, Signorello, LB, Pharoah, PDP, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Kang, D, Noh, D-Y, Park, SK, Choi, J-Y, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Lim, WY, Tang, A, Hamann, U, Foersti, A, Ruediger, T, Ulmer, HU, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Vachon, C, Yannoukakos, D, Shen, C-Y, Yu, J-C, Huang, C-S, Hou, M-F, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Luccarini, C, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Bolla, MK, Wang, J, Easton, DF, Garcia-Closas, M, Dowsett, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, AJ, Peto, J, Silva, IDS, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Dudbridge, F, Orr, N, Gibson, L, Jones, ME, Schoemaker, MJ, Folkerd, EJ, Haynes, BP, Hopper, JL, Southey, MC, Dite, GS, Apicella, C, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Van't Veer, LJ, Atsma, F, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Renner, SP, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Cordina, E, Menegaux, F, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Milne, R, Zamora, MP, Arias Perez, JI, Benitez, J, Bernstein, L, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Dur, CC, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Dieffenbach, AK, Meindl, A, Heil, J, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Ko, Y-D, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaeki, K, Blomqvist, C, Matsuo, K, Doerk, T, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Lindblom, A, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Beesley, J, Wu, AH, Van den Berg, D, Tseng, C-C, Lambrechts, D, Smeets, D, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Pensotti, V, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Wang, X, Fredericksen, Z, Pankratz, VS, Giles, GG, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Haiman, C, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Soucy, P, Teo, S, Yip, CH, Phuah, SY, Cornes, BK, Kristensen, VN, Alnaes, GG, Borresen-Dale, A-L, Zheng, W, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Devillee, P, Figueroa, J, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Sherman, ME, Hall, P, Schoof, N, Hooning, M, Hollestelle, A, Oldenburg, RA, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Liu, J, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Reed, MWR, Cross, SS, Blot, W, Signorello, LB, Pharoah, PDP, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Kang, D, Noh, D-Y, Park, SK, Choi, J-Y, Hartman, M, Miao, H, Lim, WY, Tang, A, Hamann, U, Foersti, A, Ruediger, T, Ulmer, HU, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Vachon, C, Yannoukakos, D, Shen, C-Y, Yu, J-C, Huang, C-S, Hou, M-F, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Tessier, DC, Vincent, D, Bacot, F, Luccarini, C, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Bolla, MK, Wang, J, Easton, DF, Garcia-Closas, M, Dowsett, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, AJ, Peto, J, Silva, IDS, and Fletcher, O
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: We have previously shown that a tag single nucleotide polymorphism (rs10235235), which maps to the CYP3A locus (7q22.1), was associated with a reduction in premenopausal urinary estrone glucuronide levels and a modest reduction in risk of breast cancer in women age ≤50 years. METHODS: We further investigated the association of rs10235235 with breast cancer risk in a large case control study of 47,346 cases and 47,570 controls from 52 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Genotyping of rs10235235 was conducted using a custom Illumina Infinium array. Stratified analyses were conducted to determine whether this association was modified by age at diagnosis, ethnicity, age at menarche or tumor characteristics. RESULTS: We confirmed the association of rs10235235 with breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry but found no evidence that this association differed with age at diagnosis. Heterozygote and homozygote odds ratios (ORs) were OR = 0.98 (95% CI 0.94, 1.01; P = 0.2) and OR = 0.80 (95% CI 0.69, 0.93; P = 0.004), respectively (P(trend) = 0.02). There was no evidence of effect modification by tumor characteristics. rs10235235 was, however, associated with age at menarche in controls (P(trend) = 0.005) but not cases (P(trend) = 0.97). Consequently the association between rs10235235 and breast cancer risk differed according to age at menarche (P(het) = 0.02); the rare allele of rs10235235 was associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk for women who had their menarche age ≥15 years (OR(het) = 0.84, 95% CI 0.75, 0.94; OR(hom) = 0.81, 95% CI 0.51, 1.30; P(trend) = 0.002) but not for those who had their menarche age ≤11 years (OR(het) = 1.06, 95% CI 0.95, 1.19, OR(hom) = 1.07, 95% CI 0.67, 1.72; P(trend) = 0.29). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge rs10235235 is the first single nucleotide polymorphism to be associated with both breast cancer risk and age at menarche consistent with the well-documented association between la
Published: 2014

18. FGF receptor genes and breast cancer susceptibility: results from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author: Agarwal, D, Pineda, S, Michailidou, K, Herranz, J, Pita, G, Moreno, LT, Alonso, MR, Dennis, J, Wang, Q, Bolla, MK, Meyer, KB, Menendez-Rodriguez, P, Hardisson, D, Mendiola, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Kondo, N, Hartman, M, Hui, M, Lim, WY, Iau, PT-C, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Noh, D-Y, Hopper, JL, Schmidt, DF, Makalic, E, Southey, MC, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Sivanandan, K, Tay, W-T, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Hamann, U, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Rosenberg, EH, van't Veer, LJ, Fasching, PA, Renner, SP, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Shen, C-Y, Hsiung, C-N, Yu, J-C, Hou, M-F, Blot, W, Cai, Q, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van Den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Reed, MWR, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Zheng, W, Deming-Halverson, S, Shrubsole, MJ, Long, J, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Zhang, B, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Mariette, F, Sangrajrang, S, Mckay, J, Couch, FJ, Toland, AE, Yannoukakos, D, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, dos Santos Silva, I, Peto, J, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Sanchez, M, Mulot, C, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyer, H, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Lambrechts, D, Yesilyurt, BT, Floris, G, Leunen, K, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Wang, X, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Purrington, K, Giles, GG, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Simard, J, Dumont, M, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Garcia-Closas, M, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Figueroa, JD, Czene, K, Eriksson, M, Humphreys, K, Darabi, H, Hooning, MJ, Kriege, M, Collee, JM, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Li, J, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaeki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, N, Doerk, T, Hall, P, Chenevix-Trench, G, Easton, DF, Pharoah, PDP, Arias-Perez, JI, Zamora, P, Benitez, J, Milne, RL, Agarwal, D, Pineda, S, Michailidou, K, Herranz, J, Pita, G, Moreno, LT, Alonso, MR, Dennis, J, Wang, Q, Bolla, MK, Meyer, KB, Menendez-Rodriguez, P, Hardisson, D, Mendiola, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Matsuo, K, Ito, H, Iwata, H, Kondo, N, Hartman, M, Hui, M, Lim, WY, Iau, PT-C, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Kang, D, Choi, J-Y, Park, SK, Noh, D-Y, Hopper, JL, Schmidt, DF, Makalic, E, Southey, MC, Teo, SH, Yip, CH, Sivanandan, K, Tay, W-T, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Hamann, U, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Tchatchou, S, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Rosenberg, EH, van't Veer, LJ, Fasching, PA, Renner, SP, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Shen, C-Y, Hsiung, C-N, Yu, J-C, Hou, M-F, Blot, W, Cai, Q, Wu, AH, Tseng, C-C, Van Den Berg, D, Stram, DO, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Reed, MWR, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stewart-Brown, S, Siriwanarangsan, P, Zheng, W, Deming-Halverson, S, Shrubsole, MJ, Long, J, Shu, X-O, Lu, W, Gao, Y-T, Zhang, B, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Mariette, F, Sangrajrang, S, Mckay, J, Couch, FJ, Toland, AE, Yannoukakos, D, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, dos Santos Silva, I, Peto, J, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Sanchez, M, Mulot, C, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyer, H, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Lambrechts, D, Yesilyurt, BT, Floris, G, Leunen, K, Chang-Claude, J, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Wang, X, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Purrington, K, Giles, GG, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Simard, J, Dumont, M, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Winqvist, R, Pylkaes, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Garcia-Closas, M, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Figueroa, JD, Czene, K, Eriksson, M, Humphreys, K, Darabi, H, Hooning, MJ, Kriege, M, Collee, JM, Tilanus-Linthorst, M, Li, J, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaeki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, N, Doerk, T, Hall, P, Chenevix-Trench, G, Easton, DF, Pharoah, PDP, Arias-Perez, JI, Zamora, P, Benitez, J, and Milne, RL
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. Genome-wide association studies have identified FGFR2 as a breast cancer susceptibility gene. Common variation in other fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors might also modify risk. We tested this hypothesis by studying genotyped single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and imputed SNPs in FGFR1, FGFR3, FGFR4 and FGFRL1 in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. METHODS: Data were combined from 49 studies, including 53 835 cases and 50 156 controls, of which 89 050 (46 450 cases and 42 600 controls) were of European ancestry, 12 893 (6269 cases and 6624 controls) of Asian and 2048 (1116 cases and 932 controls) of African ancestry. Associations with risk of breast cancer, overall and by disease sub-type, were assessed using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Little evidence of association with breast cancer risk was observed for SNPs in the FGF receptor genes. The strongest evidence in European women was for rs743682 in FGFR3; the estimated per-allele odds ratio was 1.05 (95% confidence interval=1.02-1.09, P=0.0020), which is substantially lower than that observed for SNPs in FGFR2. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that common variants in the other FGF receptors are not associated with risk of breast cancer to the degree observed for FGFR2.
Published: 2014

19. MicroRNA Related Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk

Author: Khan, Salima, Greco, D, Michailidou, K, Milne, RL, Muranen, TA, Heikkinen, T, Aaltonen, K, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Liu, J (Jingjing), Hall, P, Irwanto, A, Humphreys, K, Li, J, Czene, K, Chang-Claude, J, Hein, R, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Fletcher, O, Peto, J, Silva, ID, Johnson, N, Gibson, L, Aitken, Z, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Bui, M, Makalic, E, Schmidt, DF, Southey, MC, Apicella, C, Stone, J, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Adank, MA (Muriel), van der Luijt, RB, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Muller-Myhsok, B, Lichtner, P, Turnbull, C, Rahman, N, Chanock, SJ, Hunter, DJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Schmidt, MK (Marjanka), Broeks, A, van 't Veer, LJ (Laura), Hogervorst, FB, Fasching, PA, Schrauder, MG, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Zamora, PM, Perez, JIA, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Pharoah, PDP, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Vachon, C, Olson, JE, Lambrechts, D, Moisse, M, Paridaens, R, Christiaens, MR, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Mulot, C, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Tchatchou, S, Mulligan, AM, Dork, T, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Anton-Culver, H, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Lissowska, J, Brinton, L, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, Caroline, van Asperen, CJ, Kristensen, VN, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Barile, M, Mariani, P, Hooning, Maartje, Martens, John, Collee, Margriet, Jager, Agnes, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Giles, GG, McLean, C, Brauch, H, Bruning, T, Ko, YD, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, JM, Mannermaa, A, Hamann, U, Chenevix-Trench, G, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaki, K, Easton, DF, Nevanlinna, H, Khan, Salima, Greco, D, Michailidou, K, Milne, RL, Muranen, TA, Heikkinen, T, Aaltonen, K, Dennis, J, Bolla, MK, Liu, J (Jingjing), Hall, P, Irwanto, A, Humphreys, K, Li, J, Czene, K, Chang-Claude, J, Hein, R, Rudolph, A, Seibold, P, Flesch-Janys, D, Fletcher, O, Peto, J, Silva, ID, Johnson, N, Gibson, L, Aitken, Z, Hopper, JL, Tsimiklis, H, Bui, M, Makalic, E, Schmidt, DF, Southey, MC, Apicella, C, Stone, J, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Adank, MA (Muriel), van der Luijt, RB, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Muller-Myhsok, B, Lichtner, P, Turnbull, C, Rahman, N, Chanock, SJ, Hunter, DJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Schmidt, MK (Marjanka), Broeks, A, van 't Veer, LJ (Laura), Hogervorst, FB, Fasching, PA, Schrauder, MG, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Benitez, J, Zamora, PM, Perez, JIA, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Schumacher, F, Le Marchand, L, Pharoah, PDP, Dunning, AM, Shah, M, Luben, R, Brown, J, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Vachon, C, Olson, JE, Lambrechts, D, Moisse, M, Paridaens, R, Christiaens, MR, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Mulot, C, Marme, F, Burwinkel, B, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, MJ, Miller, N, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Tchatchou, S, Mulligan, AM, Dork, T, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Anton-Culver, H, Darabi, H, Eriksson, M, Garcia-Closas, M, Figueroa, J, Lissowska, J, Brinton, L, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, Caroline, van Asperen, CJ, Kristensen, VN, Slager, S, Toland, AE, Ambrosone, CB, Yannoukakos, D, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Barile, M, Mariani, P, Hooning, Maartje, Martens, John, Collee, Margriet, Jager, Agnes, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska-Bieniek, K, Durda, K, Giles, GG, McLean, C, Brauch, H, Bruning, T, Ko, YD, Brenner, H, Dieffenbach, AK, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Swerdlow, A, Ashworth, A, Orr, N, Jones, M, Simard, J, Goldberg, MS, Labreche, F, Dumont, M, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, JM, Mannermaa, A, Hamann, U, Chenevix-Trench, G, Blomqvist, C, Aittomaki, K, Easton, DF, and Nevanlinna, H
Abstract: Genetic variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNA) or in the miRNA binding sites may affect the miRNA dependent gene expression regulation, which has been implicated in various cancers, including breast cancer, and may alter individual susceptibility to cancer. We investigated associations between miRNA related SNPs and breast cancer risk. First we evaluated 2,196 SNPs in a case-control study combining nine genome wide association studies (GWAS). Second, we further investigated 42 SNPs with suggestive evidence for association using 41,785 cases and 41,880 controls from 41 studies included in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Combining the GWAS and BCAC data within a meta-analysis, we estimated main effects on breast cancer risk as well as risks for estrogen receptor (ER) and age defined subgroups. Five miRNA binding site SNPs associated significantly with breast cancer risk: rs1045494 (odds ratio (OR) 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.96), rs1052532 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99), rs10719 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94-0.99), rs4687554 (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, and rs3134615 (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05) located in the 3' UTR of CASP8, HDDC3, DROSHA, MUSTN1, and MYCL1, respectively. DROSHA belongs to miRNA machinery genes and has a central role in initial miRNA processing. The remaining genes are involved in different molecular functions, including apoptosis and gene expression regulation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate whether the miRNA binding site SNPs are the causative variants for the observed risk effects.
Published: 2014

20. Genome-wide association analysis identifies three new breast cancer susceptibility loci

Author: Ghoussaini, M, Fletcher, O, Michailidou, K, Turnbull, C, Schmidt, MK, Dicks, E, Dennis, J, Wang, Q, Humphreys, MK, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Conroy, D, Maranian, M, Ahmed, S, Driver, K, Johnson, N, Orr, N, Silva, IDS, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Uitterlinden, AG, Rivadeneira, F, Hall, P, Czene, K, Irwanto, A, Liu, J, Nevanlinna, H, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Mueller-Myhsok, B, Lichtner, P, Chang-Claude, J, Hein, R, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Tsimiklis, H, Makalic, E, Schmidt, D, Bui, M, Hopper, JL, Apicella, C, Park, DJ, Southey, M, Hunter, DJ, Chanock, SJ, Broeks, A, Verhoef, S, Hogervorst, FBL, Fasching, PA, Lux, MP, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Cordina-Duverger, E, Menegaux, F, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Rosario Alonso, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Dur, CC, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Justenhoven, C, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Wang-Gohrke, S, Eilber, U, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Bremer, M, Hillemanns, P, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Rogov, YI, Karstens, JH, Bermisheva, M, Prokofieva, D, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Lambrechts, D, Yesilyurt, BT, Floris, G, Leunen, K, Manoukian, S, Bonanni, B, Fortuzzi, S, Peterlongo, P, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Stevens, K, Lee, A, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, McLean, C, Alnaes, GG, Kristensen, V, Borrensen-Dale, A-L, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kauppila, S, Andrulis, IL, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Devilee, P, van Asperen, CJ, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Figueroa, JD, Garcia-Closas, M, Brinton, L, Lissowska, J, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Oldenburg, RA, van den Ouweland, AMW, Cox, A, Reed, MWR, Shah, M, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Jones, M, Schoemaker, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Rattanamongkongul, S, Chaiwerawattana, A, Kang, D, Yoo, K-Y, Noh, D-Y, Shen, C-Y, Yu, J-C, Wu, P-E, Hsiung, C-N, Perkins, A, Swann, R, Velentzis, L, Eccles, DM, Tapper, WJ, Gerty, SM, Graham, NJ, Ponder, BAJ, Chenevix-Trench, G, Pharoah, PDP, Lathrop, M, Dunning, AM, Rahman, N, Peto, J, Easton, DF, Ghoussaini, M, Fletcher, O, Michailidou, K, Turnbull, C, Schmidt, MK, Dicks, E, Dennis, J, Wang, Q, Humphreys, MK, Luccarini, C, Baynes, C, Conroy, D, Maranian, M, Ahmed, S, Driver, K, Johnson, N, Orr, N, Silva, IDS, Waisfisz, Q, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Uitterlinden, AG, Rivadeneira, F, Hall, P, Czene, K, Irwanto, A, Liu, J, Nevanlinna, H, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Meindl, A, Schmutzler, RK, Mueller-Myhsok, B, Lichtner, P, Chang-Claude, J, Hein, R, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Tsimiklis, H, Makalic, E, Schmidt, D, Bui, M, Hopper, JL, Apicella, C, Park, DJ, Southey, M, Hunter, DJ, Chanock, SJ, Broeks, A, Verhoef, S, Hogervorst, FBL, Fasching, PA, Lux, MP, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Truong, T, Cordina-Duverger, E, Menegaux, F, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Rosario Alonso, M, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Dur, CC, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Justenhoven, C, Brauch, H, Bruening, T, Wang-Gohrke, S, Eilber, U, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Bremer, M, Hillemanns, P, Bogdanova, NV, Antonenkova, NN, Rogov, YI, Karstens, JH, Bermisheva, M, Prokofieva, D, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Lambrechts, D, Yesilyurt, BT, Floris, G, Leunen, K, Manoukian, S, Bonanni, B, Fortuzzi, S, Peterlongo, P, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Stevens, K, Lee, A, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, McLean, C, Alnaes, GG, Kristensen, V, Borrensen-Dale, A-L, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kauppila, S, Andrulis, IL, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Devilee, P, van Asperen, CJ, Tollenaar, RAEM, Seynaeve, C, Figueroa, JD, Garcia-Closas, M, Brinton, L, Lissowska, J, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Oldenburg, RA, van den Ouweland, AMW, Cox, A, Reed, MWR, Shah, M, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Jones, M, Schoemaker, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Rattanamongkongul, S, Chaiwerawattana, A, Kang, D, Yoo, K-Y, Noh, D-Y, Shen, C-Y, Yu, J-C, Wu, P-E, Hsiung, C-N, Perkins, A, Swann, R, Velentzis, L, Eccles, DM, Tapper, WJ, Gerty, SM, Graham, NJ, Ponder, BAJ, Chenevix-Trench, G, Pharoah, PDP, Lathrop, M, Dunning, AM, Rahman, N, Peto, J, and Easton, DF
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. To date, 22 common breast cancer susceptibility loci have been identified accounting for ∼8% of the heritability of the disease. We attempted to replicate 72 promising associations from two independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in ∼70,000 cases and ∼68,000 controls from 41 case-control studies and 9 breast cancer GWAS. We identified three new breast cancer risk loci at 12p11 (rs10771399; P = 2.7 × 10(-35)), 12q24 (rs1292011; P = 4.3 × 10(-19)) and 21q21 (rs2823093; P = 1.1 × 10(-12)). rs10771399 was associated with similar relative risks for both estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and ER-positive breast cancer, whereas the other two loci were associated only with ER-positive disease. Two of the loci lie in regions that contain strong plausible candidate genes: PTHLH (12p11) has a crucial role in mammary gland development and the establishment of bone metastasis in breast cancer, and NRIP1 (21q21) encodes an ER cofactor and has a role in the regulation of breast cancer cell growth.
Published: 2012

21. Comparison of 6q25 Breast Cancer Hits from Asian and European Genome Wide Association Studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC)

Author: Chan, KYK, Hein, R, Maranian, M, Hopper, JL, Kapuscinski, MK, Southey, MC, Park, DJ, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Bueno-de-Mesquit, HB, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Rattanamongkongul, S, Puttawibul, P, Fasching, PA, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Silva, IDS, Peto, J, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Marmee, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Cordina-Duverger, E, Menegaux, F, Truong, T, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Arias Perez, JI, Pilar Zamora, M, Benitez, J, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Rahman, N, Seal, S, Turnbull, C, Renwick, A, Meindl, A, Schott, S, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, Y-D, Wang-Gohrke, S, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Zalutsky, IV, Antonenkova, NN, Bermisheva, M, Prokovieva, D, Farahtdinova, A, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, J, Chen, X, Beesley, J, Lambrechts, D, Zhao, H, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Barile, M, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Wang, X, Fredericksen, Z, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, McLean, CA, Severi, G, Offit, K, Robson, M, Gaudet, MM, Vijai, J, Alnaes, GG, Kristensen, V, Borresen-Dale, A-L, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Figueroa, JD, Garcia-Closas, M, Lissowska, J, Sherman, ME, Hooning, M, Martens, JWM, Seynaeve, C, Collee, M, Hall, P, Humpreys, K, Czene, K, Liu, J, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Ahmed, S, Ghoussaini, M, Pharoah, PDP, Kang, D, Yoo, K-Y, Noh, D-Y, Jakubowska, A, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Zlowocka, E, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, McKay, J, Shen, C-Y, Yu, J-C, Hsu, H-M, Hou, M-F, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Trentham-Dietz, A, Newcomb, PA, Titus, L, Egan, KM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Antoniou, AC, Humphreys, MK, Morrison, J, Chang-Claude, J, Easton, DF, Dunning, AM, Chan, KYK, Hein, R, Maranian, M, Hopper, JL, Kapuscinski, MK, Southey, MC, Park, DJ, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Bueno-de-Mesquit, HB, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Rattanamongkongul, S, Puttawibul, P, Fasching, PA, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Silva, IDS, Peto, J, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Marmee, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Cordina-Duverger, E, Menegaux, F, Truong, T, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Arias Perez, JI, Pilar Zamora, M, Benitez, J, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Rahman, N, Seal, S, Turnbull, C, Renwick, A, Meindl, A, Schott, S, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, Y-D, Wang-Gohrke, S, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Zalutsky, IV, Antonenkova, NN, Bermisheva, M, Prokovieva, D, Farahtdinova, A, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, J, Chen, X, Beesley, J, Lambrechts, D, Zhao, H, Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Barile, M, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Wang, X, Fredericksen, Z, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, McLean, CA, Severi, G, Offit, K, Robson, M, Gaudet, MM, Vijai, J, Alnaes, GG, Kristensen, V, Borresen-Dale, A-L, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Figueroa, JD, Garcia-Closas, M, Lissowska, J, Sherman, ME, Hooning, M, Martens, JWM, Seynaeve, C, Collee, M, Hall, P, Humpreys, K, Czene, K, Liu, J, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Ahmed, S, Ghoussaini, M, Pharoah, PDP, Kang, D, Yoo, K-Y, Noh, D-Y, Jakubowska, A, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Zlowocka, E, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, McKay, J, Shen, C-Y, Yu, J-C, Hsu, H-M, Hou, M-F, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Trentham-Dietz, A, Newcomb, PA, Titus, L, Egan, KM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Antoniou, AC, Humphreys, MK, Morrison, J, Chang-Claude, J, Easton, DF, and Dunning, AM
Abstract: The 6q25.1 locus was first identified via a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Chinese women and marked by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2046210, approximately 180 Kb upstream of ESR1. There have been conflicting reports about the association of this locus with breast cancer in Europeans, and a GWAS in Europeans identified a different SNP, tagged here by rs12662670. We examined the associations of both SNPs in up to 61,689 cases and 58,822 controls from forty-four studies collaborating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, of which four studies were of Asian and 39 of European descent. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Case-only analyses were used to compare SNP effects in Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) versus negative (ER-) tumours. Models including both SNPs were fitted to investigate whether the SNP effects were independent. Both SNPs are significantly associated with breast cancer risk in both ethnic groups. Per-allele ORs are higher in Asian than in European studies [rs2046210: OR (A/G) = 1.36 (95% CI 1.26-1.48), p = 7.6 × 10(-14) in Asians and 1.09 (95% CI 1.07-1.11), p = 6.8 × 10(-18) in Europeans. rs12662670: OR (G/T) = 1.29 (95% CI 1.19-1.41), p = 1.2 × 10(-9) in Asians and 1.12 (95% CI 1.08-1.17), p = 3.8 × 10(-9) in Europeans]. SNP rs2046210 is associated with a significantly greater risk of ER- than ER+ tumours in Europeans [OR (ER-) = 1.20 (95% CI 1.15-1.25), p = 1.8 × 10(-17) versus OR (ER+) = 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.1), p = 1.3 × 10(-7), p(heterogeneity) = 5.1 × 10(-6)]. In these Asian studies, by contrast, there is no clear evidence of a differential association by tumour receptor status. Each SNP is associated with risk after adjustment for the other SNP. These results suggest the presence of two variants at 6q25.1 each independently associated with breast cancer risk in Asians and in Europeans. Of these two, the one tagged by rs2046210 is associated with a greater risk of
Published: 2012

22. 9q31.2-rs865686 as a Susceptibility Locus for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: Evidence from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author: Warren, H, Dudbridge, F, Fletcher, O, Orr, N, Johnson, N, Hopper, JL, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Mahmoodi, M, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Cornelissen, S, Braaf, LM, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Chaiwerawattana, A, Wiangnon, S, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Schulz-Wendtland, R, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Guenel, P, Therese, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Mulot, C, Bojesen, SE, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Nordestgaard, BG, Milne, RL, Benitez, J, Arias-Perez, J-I, Pilar Zamora, M, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Dur, CC, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Langheinz, A, Meindl, A, Golatta, M, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Bruening, T, Chang-Claude, J, Wang-Gohrke, S, Eilber, U, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Bremer, M, Hillemanns, P, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Rogov, Y, Bermisheva, M, Prokofyeva, D, Zinnatullina, G, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Kataja, V, Chenevix-Trench, G, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Lambrechts, D, Smeets, A, Paridaens, R, Weltens, C, Flesch-Janys, D, Buck, K, Behrens, S, Peterlongo, P, Bernard, L, Manoukian, S, Radice, P, Couch, FJ, Vachon, C, Wang, X, Olson, J, Giles, G, Baglietto, L, McLean, CA, Severi, G, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Mulligan, AM, Weerasooriya, N, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Martens, JWM, Seynaeve, CM, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Jager, A, Tilanus-Linthorst, MMA, Hall, P, Czene, K, Liu, J, Li, J, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Brock, IW, Reed, MWR, Pharoah, P, Blows, FM, Dunning, AM, Ghous-saini, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Jones, M, Schoemaker, M, Easton, DF, Humphreys, M, Wang, Q, Peto, J, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Warren, H, Dudbridge, F, Fletcher, O, Orr, N, Johnson, N, Hopper, JL, Apicella, C, Southey, MC, Mahmoodi, M, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, Cornelissen, S, Braaf, LM, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Chaiwerawattana, A, Wiangnon, S, Fasching, PA, Beckmann, MW, Ekici, AB, Schulz-Wendtland, R, Sawyer, EJ, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Burwinkel, B, Marme, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Guenel, P, Therese, T, Laurent-Puig, P, Mulot, C, Bojesen, SE, Nielsen, SF, Flyger, H, Nordestgaard, BG, Milne, RL, Benitez, J, Arias-Perez, J-I, Pilar Zamora, M, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Dur, CC, Brenner, H, Mueller, H, Arndt, V, Langheinz, A, Meindl, A, Golatta, M, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Bruening, T, Chang-Claude, J, Wang-Gohrke, S, Eilber, U, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Bremer, M, Hillemanns, P, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Rogov, Y, Bermisheva, M, Prokofyeva, D, Zinnatullina, G, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, V-M, Hartikainen, JM, Kataja, V, Chenevix-Trench, G, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Lambrechts, D, Smeets, A, Paridaens, R, Weltens, C, Flesch-Janys, D, Buck, K, Behrens, S, Peterlongo, P, Bernard, L, Manoukian, S, Radice, P, Couch, FJ, Vachon, C, Wang, X, Olson, J, Giles, G, Baglietto, L, McLean, CA, Severi, G, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Mulligan, AM, Weerasooriya, N, Devilee, P, Tollenaar, RAEM, Martens, JWM, Seynaeve, CM, Hooning, MJ, Hollestelle, A, Jager, A, Tilanus-Linthorst, MMA, Hall, P, Czene, K, Liu, J, Li, J, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Brock, IW, Reed, MWR, Pharoah, P, Blows, FM, Dunning, AM, Ghous-saini, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Jones, M, Schoemaker, M, Easton, DF, Humphreys, M, Wang, Q, Peto, J, and dos-Santos-Silva, I
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Our recent genome-wide association study identified a novel breast cancer susceptibility locus at 9q31.2 (rs865686). METHODS: To further investigate the rs865686-breast cancer association, we conducted a replication study within the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, which comprises 37 case-control studies (48,394 cases, 50,836 controls). RESULTS: This replication study provides additional strong evidence of an inverse association between rs865686 and breast cancer risk [study-adjusted per G-allele OR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88; 0.91, P = 2.01 × 10(-29)] among women of European ancestry. There were ethnic differences in the estimated minor (G)-allele frequency among controls [0.09, 0.30, and 0.38 among, respectively, Asians, Eastern Europeans, and other Europeans; P for heterogeneity (P(het)) = 1.3 × 10(-143)], but no evidence of ethnic differences in per allele OR (P(het) = 0.43). rs865686 was associated with estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+)) disease (per G-allele OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86-0.91; P = 3.13 × 10(-22)) but less strongly, if at all, with ER-negative (ER(-)) disease (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.94-1.02; P = 0.26; P(het) = 1.16 × 10(-6)), with no evidence of independent heterogeneity by progesterone receptor or HER2 status. The strength of the breast cancer association decreased with increasing age at diagnosis, with case-only analysis showing a trend in the number of copies of the G allele with increasing age at diagnosis (P for linear trend = 0.0095), but only among women with ER(+) tumors. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to show that rs865686 is a susceptibility marker for ER(+) breast cancer. IMPACT: The findings further support the view that genetic susceptibility varies according to tumor subtype.
Published: 2012

23. Breast Cancer Risk and 6q22.33: Combined Results from Breast Cancer Association Consortium and Consortium of Investigators on Modifiers of BRCA1/2

Author: Prokunina-Olsson, L, Kirchhoff, T, Gaudet, MM, Antoniou, AC, McGuffog, L, Humphreys, MK, Dunning, AM, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Kang, D, Yoo, K-Y, Noh, D-Y, Ahn, S-H, Dork, T, Schuermann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Couch, FJ, Olson, J, Vachon, C, Wang, X, Cox, A, Brock, I, Elliott, G, Reed, MWR, Burwinkel, B, Meindl, A, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, Y-D, Broeks, A, Schmidt, MK, Van 't Veer, LJ, Braaf, LM, Johnson, N, Fletcher, O, Gibson, L, Peto, J, Turnbull, C, Seal, S, Renwick, A, Rahman, N, Wu, P-E, Yu, J-C, Hsiung, C-N, Shen, C-Y, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Hammet, F, Van Dorpe, T, Dieudonne, A-S, Hatse, S, Lambrechts, D, Andrulis, IL, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Rogov, JI, Prokofieva, D, Bermisheva, M, Khusnutdinova, E, van Asperen, CJ, Tollenaar, RAEM, Hooning, MJ, Devilee, P, Margolin, S, Lindblom, A, Milne, RL, Ignacio Arias, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Benitez, J, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Giles, GG, Spurdle, AB, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Holland, H, Healey, S, Wang-Gohrke, S, Chang-Claude, J, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, V-M, Kauppinen, J, Kataja, V, Agnarsson, BA, Caligo, MA, Godwin, AK, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Fredericksen, Z, Lindor, N, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Loman, N, Karlsson, P, Askmalm, MS, Melin, B, von Wachenfeldt, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Verheus, M, Rookus, MA, Seynaeve, C, Oldenburg, RA, Ligtenberg, MJ, Ausems, MGEM, Aalfs, CM, Gille, HJP, Wijnen, JT, Garcia, EBG, Peock, S, Cook, M, Oliver, CT, Frost, D, Luccarini, C, Pichert, G, Davidson, R, Chu, C, Eccles, D, Ong, K-R, Cook, J, Douglas, F, Hodgson, S, Evans, DG, Eeles, R, Gold, B, Pharoah, PDP, Offit, K, Chenevix-Trench, G, Easton, DF, Prokunina-Olsson, L, Kirchhoff, T, Gaudet, MM, Antoniou, AC, McGuffog, L, Humphreys, MK, Dunning, AM, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Kang, D, Yoo, K-Y, Noh, D-Y, Ahn, S-H, Dork, T, Schuermann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Couch, FJ, Olson, J, Vachon, C, Wang, X, Cox, A, Brock, I, Elliott, G, Reed, MWR, Burwinkel, B, Meindl, A, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, Y-D, Broeks, A, Schmidt, MK, Van 't Veer, LJ, Braaf, LM, Johnson, N, Fletcher, O, Gibson, L, Peto, J, Turnbull, C, Seal, S, Renwick, A, Rahman, N, Wu, P-E, Yu, J-C, Hsiung, C-N, Shen, C-Y, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Hammet, F, Van Dorpe, T, Dieudonne, A-S, Hatse, S, Lambrechts, D, Andrulis, IL, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Rogov, JI, Prokofieva, D, Bermisheva, M, Khusnutdinova, E, van Asperen, CJ, Tollenaar, RAEM, Hooning, MJ, Devilee, P, Margolin, S, Lindblom, A, Milne, RL, Ignacio Arias, J, Pilar Zamora, M, Benitez, J, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Giles, GG, Spurdle, AB, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Holland, H, Healey, S, Wang-Gohrke, S, Chang-Claude, J, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, V-M, Kauppinen, J, Kataja, V, Agnarsson, BA, Caligo, MA, Godwin, AK, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Fredericksen, Z, Lindor, N, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Loman, N, Karlsson, P, Askmalm, MS, Melin, B, von Wachenfeldt, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Verheus, M, Rookus, MA, Seynaeve, C, Oldenburg, RA, Ligtenberg, MJ, Ausems, MGEM, Aalfs, CM, Gille, HJP, Wijnen, JT, Garcia, EBG, Peock, S, Cook, M, Oliver, CT, Frost, D, Luccarini, C, Pichert, G, Davidson, R, Chu, C, Eccles, D, Ong, K-R, Cook, J, Douglas, F, Hodgson, S, Evans, DG, Eeles, R, Gold, B, Pharoah, PDP, Offit, K, Chenevix-Trench, G, and Easton, DF
Abstract: Recently, a locus on chromosome 6q22.33 (rs2180341) was reported to be associated with increased breast cancer risk in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population, and this association was also observed in populations of non-AJ European ancestry. In the present study, we performed a large replication analysis of rs2180341 using data from 31,428 invasive breast cancer cases and 34,700 controls collected from 25 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). In addition, we evaluated whether rs2180341 modifies breast cancer risk in 3,361 BRCA1 and 2,020 BRCA2 carriers from 11 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Based on the BCAC data from women of European ancestry, we found evidence for a weak association with breast cancer risk for rs2180341 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06, p = 0.023). There was evidence for heterogeneity in the ORs among studies (I(2) = 49.3%; p = <0.004). In CIMBA, we observed an inverse association with the minor allele of rs2180341 and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele OR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.80-1.00, p = 0.048), indicating a potential protective effect of this allele. These data suggest that that 6q22.33 confers a weak effect on breast cancer risk.
Published: 2012

24. Breast Cancer Risk and 6q22.33: Combined Results from Breast Cancer Association Consortium and Consortium of Investigators on Modifiers of BRCA1/2

Author: Kirchhoff, T, Gaudet, MM, Antoniou, AC, McGuffog, L, Humphreys, MK, Dunning, AM, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Kang, D, Yoo, KY, Noh, DY, Ahn, SH, Dork, T, Schurmann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Couch, FJ, Olson, J, Vachon, C, Wang, XS, Cox, A, Brock, I, Elliott, G, Reed, MWR, Burwinkel, B, Meindl, A, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, YD, Broeks, A, Schmidt, Marjanka K, van 't Veer, LJ (Laura), Braaf, LM, Johnson, N, Fletcher, O, Gibson, L, Peto, J, Turnbull, C, Seal, S, Renwick, A, Rahman, N, Wu, PE, Yu, JC, Hsiung, CN, Shen, CY, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Hammet, F, Van Dorpe, T, Dieudonne, AS, Hatse, S, Lambrechts, D, Andrulis, IL, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Rogov, JI, Prokofieva, D, Bermisheva, M, Khusnutdinova, E, van Asperen, CJ, Tollenaar, RAEM, Hooning, Maartje, Devilee, P, Margolin, S, Lindblom, A, Milne, RL, Arias, JI, Zamora, MP, Benitez, J, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Giles, GG, Spurdle, AB, Beesley, J, Chen, XQ, Holland, H, Healey, S, Wang-Gohrke, S, Chang-Claude, J, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, VM, Kauppinen, J, Kataja, V, Agnarsson, BA, Caligo, MA, Godwin, AK, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Fredericksen, Z, Lindor, N, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Loman, N, Karlsson, P, Askmalm, MS, Melin, B, von Wachenfeldt, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Verheus, M, Rookus, MA, Seynaeve, Caroline, Oldenburg, Rogier, Ligtenberg, MJ, Ausems, MGEM, Aalfs, CM, Gille, HJP, Wijnen, JT, Garcia, EBG, Peock, S, Cook, M, Oliver, CT, Frost, D, Luccarini, C, Pichert, G, Davidson, R, Chu, C, Eccles, D, Ong, KR, Cook, J, Douglas, F, Hodgson, S, Evans, DG, Eeles, R, Gold, B, Pharoah, PDP, Offit, K, Chenevix-Trench, G, Easton, DF, Kirchhoff, T, Gaudet, MM, Antoniou, AC, McGuffog, L, Humphreys, MK, Dunning, AM, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Kang, D, Yoo, KY, Noh, DY, Ahn, SH, Dork, T, Schurmann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Couch, FJ, Olson, J, Vachon, C, Wang, XS, Cox, A, Brock, I, Elliott, G, Reed, MWR, Burwinkel, B, Meindl, A, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, YD, Broeks, A, Schmidt, Marjanka K, van 't Veer, LJ (Laura), Braaf, LM, Johnson, N, Fletcher, O, Gibson, L, Peto, J, Turnbull, C, Seal, S, Renwick, A, Rahman, N, Wu, PE, Yu, JC, Hsiung, CN, Shen, CY, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Hammet, F, Van Dorpe, T, Dieudonne, AS, Hatse, S, Lambrechts, D, Andrulis, IL, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Rogov, JI, Prokofieva, D, Bermisheva, M, Khusnutdinova, E, van Asperen, CJ, Tollenaar, RAEM, Hooning, Maartje, Devilee, P, Margolin, S, Lindblom, A, Milne, RL, Arias, JI, Zamora, MP, Benitez, J, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Giles, GG, Spurdle, AB, Beesley, J, Chen, XQ, Holland, H, Healey, S, Wang-Gohrke, S, Chang-Claude, J, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, VM, Kauppinen, J, Kataja, V, Agnarsson, BA, Caligo, MA, Godwin, AK, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Fredericksen, Z, Lindor, N, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Loman, N, Karlsson, P, Askmalm, MS, Melin, B, von Wachenfeldt, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Verheus, M, Rookus, MA, Seynaeve, Caroline, Oldenburg, Rogier, Ligtenberg, MJ, Ausems, MGEM, Aalfs, CM, Gille, HJP, Wijnen, JT, Garcia, EBG, Peock, S, Cook, M, Oliver, CT, Frost, D, Luccarini, C, Pichert, G, Davidson, R, Chu, C, Eccles, D, Ong, KR, Cook, J, Douglas, F, Hodgson, S, Evans, DG, Eeles, R, Gold, B, Pharoah, PDP, Offit, K, Chenevix-Trench, G, and Easton, DF
Abstract: Recently, a locus on chromosome 6q22.33 (rs2180341) was reported to be associated with increased breast cancer risk in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population, and this association was also observed in populations of non-AJ European ancestry. In the present study, we performed a large replication analysis of rs2180341 using data from 31,428 invasive breast cancer cases and 34,700 controls collected from 25 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). In addition, we evaluated whether rs2180341 modifies breast cancer risk in 3,361 BRCA1 and 2,020 BRCA2 carriers from 11 centers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Based on the BCAC data from women of European ancestry, we found evidence for a weak association with breast cancer risk for rs2180341 (per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06, p = 0.023). There was evidence for heterogeneity in the ORs among studies (I-2 = 49.3%; p = <0.004). In CIMBA, we observed an inverse association with the minor allele of rs2180341 and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.80-1.00, p = 0.048), indicating a potential protective effect of this allele. These data suggest that that 6q22.33 confers a weak effect on breast cancer risk.
Published: 2012

25. Comparison of 6q25 Breast Cancer Hits from Asian and European Genome Wide Association Studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC)

Author: Hein, R, Maranian, M, Hopper, JL, Kapuscinski, MK, Southey, MC, Park, DJ, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Bueno-de-Mesquit, HB, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Rattanamongkongul, S, Puttawibul, P, Fasching, PA, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Silva, ID, Peto, J, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Marmee, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Cordina-Duverger, E, Menegaux, F, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Perez, JIA, Zamora, MP, Benitez, J, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Muller, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Rahman, N, Seal, S, Turnbull, C, Renwick, A, Meindl, A, Schott, S, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, YD, Wang-Gohrke, S, Dork, T, Schurmann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Zalutsky, IV, Antonenkova, NN, Bermisheva, M, Prokovieva, D, Farahtdinova, A, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, J, Chen, XQ, Beesley, J, Lambrechts, D, Zhao, H (Hui), Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Barile, M, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Wang, XS, Fredericksen, Z, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, McLean, CA, Severi, G, Offit, K, Robson, M, Gaudet, MM, Vijai, J, Alnaes, GG, Kristensen, V, Borresen-Dale, AL, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Figueroa, JD, Garcia-Closas, M, Lissowska, J, Sherman, ME, Hooning, M, Martens, John, Seynaeve, Caroline, Collee, M, Hall, P, Humpreys, K, Czene, K, Liu, JJ, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Ahmed, S (Shahana), Ghoussaini, M, Pharoah, PDP, Kang, D, Yoo, KY, Noh, DY, Jakubowska, A, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Zlowocka, E, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Shen, CY, Yu, JC, Hsu, HM, Hou, MF, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Trentham-Dietz, A, Newcomb, PA, Titus, L, Egan, KM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Antoniou, AC, Humphreys, MK, Morrison, J, Chang-Claude, J, Easton, DF, Dunning, AM, Truong, T, Hein, R, Maranian, M, Hopper, JL, Kapuscinski, MK, Southey, MC, Park, DJ, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Broeks, A, Hogervorst, FBL, Bueno-de-Mesquit, HB, Muir, KR, Lophatananon, A, Rattanamongkongul, S, Puttawibul, P, Fasching, PA, Hein, A, Ekici, AB, Beckmann, MW, Fletcher, O, Johnson, N, Silva, ID, Peto, J, Sawyer, E, Tomlinson, I, Kerin, M, Miller, N, Marmee, F, Schneeweiss, A, Sohn, C, Burwinkel, B, Guenel, P, Cordina-Duverger, E, Menegaux, F, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Milne, RL, Perez, JIA, Zamora, MP, Benitez, J, Anton-Culver, H, Ziogas, A, Bernstein, L, Clarke, CA, Brenner, H, Muller, H, Arndt, V, Stegmaier, C, Rahman, N, Seal, S, Turnbull, C, Renwick, A, Meindl, A, Schott, S, Bartram, CR, Schmutzler, RK, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, YD, Wang-Gohrke, S, Dork, T, Schurmann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Aittomaki, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Zalutsky, IV, Antonenkova, NN, Bermisheva, M, Prokovieva, D, Farahtdinova, A, Khusnutdinova, E, Lindblom, A, Margolin, S, Mannermaa, A, Kataja, V, Kosma, VM, Hartikainen, J, Chen, XQ, Beesley, J, Lambrechts, D, Zhao, H (Hui), Neven, P, Wildiers, H, Nickels, S, Flesch-Janys, D, Radice, P, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Barile, M, Couch, FJ, Olson, JE, Wang, XS, Fredericksen, Z, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, McLean, CA, Severi, G, Offit, K, Robson, M, Gaudet, MM, Vijai, J, Alnaes, GG, Kristensen, V, Borresen-Dale, AL, John, EM, Miron, A, Winqvist, R, Pylkas, K, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Grip, M, Andrulis, IL, Knight, JA, Glendon, G, Mulligan, AM, Figueroa, JD, Garcia-Closas, M, Lissowska, J, Sherman, ME, Hooning, M, Martens, John, Seynaeve, Caroline, Collee, M, Hall, P, Humpreys, K, Czene, K, Liu, JJ, Cox, A, Brock, IW, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Ahmed, S (Shahana), Ghoussaini, M, Pharoah, PDP, Kang, D, Yoo, KY, Noh, DY, Jakubowska, A, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Zlowocka, E, Sangrajrang, S, Gaborieau, V, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Shen, CY, Yu, JC, Hsu, HM, Hou, MF, Orr, N, Schoemaker, M, Ashworth, A, Swerdlow, A, Trentham-Dietz, A, Newcomb, PA, Titus, L, Egan, KM, Chenevix-Trench, G, Antoniou, AC, Humphreys, MK, Morrison, J, Chang-Claude, J, Easton, DF, Dunning, AM, and Truong, T
Abstract: The 6q25.1 locus was first identified via a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Chinese women and marked by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2046210, approximately 180 Kb upstream of ESR1. There have been conflicting reports about the association of this locus with breast cancer in Europeans, and a GWAS in Europeans identified a different SNP, tagged here by rs12662670. We examined the associations of both SNPs in up to 61,689 cases and 58,822 controls from forty-four studies collaborating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, of which four studies were of Asian and 39 of European descent. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Case-only analyses were used to compare SNP effects in Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) versus negative (ER-) tumours. Models including both SNPs were fitted to investigate whether the SNP effects were independent. Both SNPs are significantly associated with breast cancer risk in both ethnic groups. Per-allele ORs are higher in Asian than in European studies [rs2046210: OR (A/G) = 1.36 (95% CI 1.26-1.48), p = 7.6x10(-14) in Asians and 1.09 (95% CI 1.07-1.11), p = 6.8x10(-18) in Europeans. rs12662670: OR (G/T) = 1.29 (95% CI 1.19-1.41), p = 1.2x10(-9) in Asians and 1.12 (95% CI 1.08-1.17), p = 3.8x10(-9) in Europeans]. SNP rs2046210 is associated with a significantly greater risk of ER- than ER+ tumours in Europeans [OR (ER-) = 1.20 (95% CI 1.15-1.25), p = 1.8x10(-17) versus OR (ER+) = 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.1), p = 1.3x10(-7), p(heterogeneity) = 5.1x10(-6)]. In these Asian studies, by contrast, there is no clear evidence of a differential association by tumour receptor status. Each SNP is associated with risk after adjustment for the other SNP. These results suggest the presence of two variants at 6q25.1 each independently associated with breast cancer risk in Asians and in Europeans. Of these two, the one tagged by rs2046210 is associated with a greater risk of ER- tumours.
Published: 2012

26. Subtyping of Breast Cancer by Immunohistochemistry to Investigate a Relationship between Subtype and Short and Long Term Survival: A Collaborative Analysis of Data for 10,159 Cases from 12 Studies

Author: Marincola, FM, Blows, FM, Driver, KE, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, van Leeuwen, FE, Wesseling, J, Cheang, MC, Gelmon, K, Nielsen, TO, Blomqvist, C, Heikkila, P, Heikkinen, T, Nevanlinna, H, Akslen, LA, Begin, LR, Foulkes, WD, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Cafourek, V, Olson, JE, Baglietto, L, Giles, GG, Severi, G, McLean, CA, Southey, MC, Rakha, E, Green, AR, Ellis, IO, Sherman, ME, Lissowska, J, Anderson, WF, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Provenzano, E, Dawson, S-J, Dunning, AM, Humphreys, M, Easton, DF, Garcia-Closas, M, Caldas, C, Pharoah, PD, Huntsman, D, Marincola, FM, Blows, FM, Driver, KE, Schmidt, MK, Broeks, A, van Leeuwen, FE, Wesseling, J, Cheang, MC, Gelmon, K, Nielsen, TO, Blomqvist, C, Heikkila, P, Heikkinen, T, Nevanlinna, H, Akslen, LA, Begin, LR, Foulkes, WD, Couch, FJ, Wang, X, Cafourek, V, Olson, JE, Baglietto, L, Giles, GG, Severi, G, McLean, CA, Southey, MC, Rakha, E, Green, AR, Ellis, IO, Sherman, ME, Lissowska, J, Anderson, WF, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Provenzano, E, Dawson, S-J, Dunning, AM, Humphreys, M, Easton, DF, Garcia-Closas, M, Caldas, C, Pharoah, PD, and Huntsman, D
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunohistochemical markers are often used to classify breast cancer into subtypes that are biologically distinct and behave differently. The aim of this study was to estimate mortality for patients with the major subtypes of breast cancer as classified using five immunohistochemical markers, to investigate patterns of mortality over time, and to test for heterogeneity by subtype. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We pooled data from more than 10,000 cases of invasive breast cancer from 12 studies that had collected information on hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status, and at least one basal marker (cytokeratin [CK]5/6 or epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR]) together with survival time data. Tumours were classified as luminal and nonluminal tumours according to hormone receptor expression. These two groups were further subdivided according to expression of HER2, and finally, the luminal and nonluminal HER2-negative tumours were categorised according to expression of basal markers. Changes in mortality rates over time differed by subtype. In women with luminal HER2-negative subtypes, mortality rates were constant over time, whereas mortality rates associated with the luminal HER2-positive and nonluminal subtypes tended to peak within 5 y of diagnosis and then decline over time. In the first 5 y after diagnosis the nonluminal tumours were associated with a poorer prognosis, but over longer follow-up times the prognosis was poorer in the luminal subtypes, with the worst prognosis at 15 y being in the luminal HER2-positive tumours. Basal marker expression distinguished the HER2-negative luminal and nonluminal tumours into different subtypes. These patterns were independent of any systemic adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The six subtypes of breast cancer defined by expression of five markers show distinct behaviours with important differences in short term and long term prognosis. Application of these markers in the clinical s
Published: 2010

27. Heterogeneity of breast cancer associations with five susceptibility loci by clinical and pathological characteristics

Author: Leal, SM, Garcia-Closas, M, Hall, P, Nevanlinna, H, Pooley, K, Morrison, J, Richesson, DA, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Axelsson, CK, Arias, JI, Milne, RL, Ribas, G, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, P, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Hamann, U, Ko, Y-D, Bruening, T, Haas, S, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Hillemanns, P, Bogdanova, N, Bremer, M, Karstens, JH, Fagerholm, R, Aaltonen, K, Aittomaki, K, Von Smitten, K, Blomqvist, C, Mannermaa, A, Uusitupa, M, Eskelinen, M, Tengstrom, M, Kosma, V-M, Kataja, V, Chenevix-Trench, G, Spurdle, AB, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Devilee, P, Van Asperen, CJ, Jacobi, CE, Tollenaar, RAEM, Huijts, PEA, Klijn, JGM, Chang-Claude, J, Kropp, S, Slanger, T, Flesch-Janys, D, Mutschelknauss, E, Salazar, R, Wang-Gohrke, S, Couch, F, Goode, EL, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Fredericksen, ZS, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, Hopper, JL, English, DR, Southey, MC, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Kolonel, LN, Le Marchand, L, Stram, DO, Hunter, DJ, Hankinson, SE, Cox, DG, Tamimi, R, Kraft, P, Sherman, ME, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Brinton, LA, Peplonska, B, Hooning, MJ, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Collee, JM, Van den Ouweland, A, Uitterlinden, AG, Liu, J, Lin, LY, Yuqing, L, Humphreys, K, Czene, K, Cox, A, Balasubramanian, SP, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Blows, F, Driver, K, Dunning, A, Tyrer, J, Ponder, BAJ, Sangrajrang, S, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Odefrey, F, Gabrieau, V, Sigurdson, A, Doody, M, Struewing, JP, Alexander, B, Easton, DF, Pharoah, PD, Leal, SM, Garcia-Closas, M, Hall, P, Nevanlinna, H, Pooley, K, Morrison, J, Richesson, DA, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Axelsson, CK, Arias, JI, Milne, RL, Ribas, G, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, P, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Hamann, U, Ko, Y-D, Bruening, T, Haas, S, Doerk, T, Schuermann, P, Hillemanns, P, Bogdanova, N, Bremer, M, Karstens, JH, Fagerholm, R, Aaltonen, K, Aittomaki, K, Von Smitten, K, Blomqvist, C, Mannermaa, A, Uusitupa, M, Eskelinen, M, Tengstrom, M, Kosma, V-M, Kataja, V, Chenevix-Trench, G, Spurdle, AB, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Devilee, P, Van Asperen, CJ, Jacobi, CE, Tollenaar, RAEM, Huijts, PEA, Klijn, JGM, Chang-Claude, J, Kropp, S, Slanger, T, Flesch-Janys, D, Mutschelknauss, E, Salazar, R, Wang-Gohrke, S, Couch, F, Goode, EL, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Fredericksen, ZS, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, Hopper, JL, English, DR, Southey, MC, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Kolonel, LN, Le Marchand, L, Stram, DO, Hunter, DJ, Hankinson, SE, Cox, DG, Tamimi, R, Kraft, P, Sherman, ME, Chanock, SJ, Lissowska, J, Brinton, LA, Peplonska, B, Hooning, MJ, Meijers-Heijboer, H, Collee, JM, Van den Ouweland, A, Uitterlinden, AG, Liu, J, Lin, LY, Yuqing, L, Humphreys, K, Czene, K, Cox, A, Balasubramanian, SP, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Blows, F, Driver, K, Dunning, A, Tyrer, J, Ponder, BAJ, Sangrajrang, S, Brennan, P, Mckay, J, Odefrey, F, Gabrieau, V, Sigurdson, A, Doody, M, Struewing, JP, Alexander, B, Easton, DF, and Pharoah, PD
Abstract: A three-stage genome-wide association study recently identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five loci (fibroblast growth receptor 2 (FGFR2), trinucleotide repeat containing 9 (TNRC9), mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 K1 (MAP3K1), 8q24, and lymphocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1)) associated with breast cancer risk. We investigated whether the associations between these SNPs and breast cancer risk varied by clinically important tumor characteristics in up to 23,039 invasive breast cancer cases and 26,273 controls from 20 studies. We also evaluated their influence on overall survival in 13,527 cases from 13 studies. All participants were of European or Asian origin. rs2981582 in FGFR2 was more strongly related to ER-positive (per-allele OR (95%CI) = 1.31 (1.27-1.36)) than ER-negative (1.08 (1.03-1.14)) disease (P for heterogeneity = 10(-13)). This SNP was also more strongly related to PR-positive, low grade and node positive tumors (P = 10(-5), 10(-8), 0.013, respectively). The association for rs13281615 in 8q24 was stronger for ER-positive, PR-positive, and low grade tumors (P = 0.001, 0.011 and 10(-4), respectively). The differences in the associations between SNPs in FGFR2 and 8q24 and risk by ER and grade remained significant after permutation adjustment for multiple comparisons and after adjustment for other tumor characteristics. Three SNPs (rs2981582, rs3803662, and rs889312) showed weak but significant associations with ER-negative disease, the strongest association being for rs3803662 in TNRC9 (1.14 (1.09-1.21)). rs13281615 in 8q24 was associated with an improvement in survival after diagnosis (per-allele HR = 0.90 (0.83-0.97). The association was attenuated and non-significant after adjusting for known prognostic factors. Our findings show that common genetic variants influence the pathological subtype of breast cancer and provide further support for the hypothesis that ER-positive and ER-negative disease are biologically distinct. Understanding
Published: 2008

28. Heterogeneity of breast cancer associations with five susceptibility loci by clinical and pathological characteristics

Author: Garcia-Closas, M, Hall, P, Nevanlinna, H, Pooley, KA, Morrison, J, Richesson, DA, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Axelsson, CK, Arias, JI, Milne, RL, Ribas, G, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, P, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Hamann, U, Ko, YD, Bruening, T, Haas, S, Dork, T, Schurmann, P, Hillemanns, P, Bogdanova, N, Bremer, M, Karstens, JH, Fagerholm, R, Aaltonen, K, Aittomaki, K, von Smitten, K, Blomqvist, C, Mannermaa, A, Uusitupa, M, Eskelinen, M, Tengstrom, M, Kosma, VM, Kataja, V, Chenevix-Trench, G, Spurdle, AB, Beeslev, J, Chen, X, Devilee, P, van Asperen, CJ, Jacobi, CE, Tollenaar, RA, Huijts, PE, Klijn, Jan, Chang-Claude, J, Kropp, S, Slanger, T, Flesch-Janys, D, Mutschelknauss, E, Salazar, R, Wang-Gohrke, S, Couch, F, Goode, EL, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Fredericksen, ZS, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, Hopper, JL, English, DR, Southey, M, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Kolonel, LN, Le Marchand, L, Stram, DO, Hunter, DJ, Hankinson, SE, Cox, DG, Tamimi, R, van Kraft, PJA (Peter), Sherman, M, Chanock, S, Lissowska, J, Brinton, L, Peplonska, B, Hooning, Maartje, Meijers-Heijboer, EJ, Collee, Margriet, van den Ouweland, Ans, Uitterlinden, André, Liu, Jun, Lin, L, Yuqing, L, Humphreys, K, Czene, K, Cox, A, Balasubramanian, SP, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Blows, F, Driver, K, Dunning, AJ, Tyrer, J, Garcia-Closas, M, Hall, P, Nevanlinna, H, Pooley, KA, Morrison, J, Richesson, DA, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Axelsson, CK, Arias, JI, Milne, RL, Ribas, G, Gonzalez-Neira, A, Benitez, J, Zamora, P, Brauch, H, Justenhoven, C, Hamann, U, Ko, YD, Bruening, T, Haas, S, Dork, T, Schurmann, P, Hillemanns, P, Bogdanova, N, Bremer, M, Karstens, JH, Fagerholm, R, Aaltonen, K, Aittomaki, K, von Smitten, K, Blomqvist, C, Mannermaa, A, Uusitupa, M, Eskelinen, M, Tengstrom, M, Kosma, VM, Kataja, V, Chenevix-Trench, G, Spurdle, AB, Beeslev, J, Chen, X, Devilee, P, van Asperen, CJ, Jacobi, CE, Tollenaar, RA, Huijts, PE, Klijn, Jan, Chang-Claude, J, Kropp, S, Slanger, T, Flesch-Janys, D, Mutschelknauss, E, Salazar, R, Wang-Gohrke, S, Couch, F, Goode, EL, Olson, JE, Vachon, C, Fredericksen, ZS, Giles, GG, Baglietto, L, Severi, G, Hopper, JL, English, DR, Southey, M, Haiman, CA, Henderson, BE, Kolonel, LN, Le Marchand, L, Stram, DO, Hunter, DJ, Hankinson, SE, Cox, DG, Tamimi, R, van Kraft, PJA (Peter), Sherman, M, Chanock, S, Lissowska, J, Brinton, L, Peplonska, B, Hooning, Maartje, Meijers-Heijboer, EJ, Collee, Margriet, van den Ouweland, Ans, Uitterlinden, André, Liu, Jun, Lin, L, Yuqing, L, Humphreys, K, Czene, K, Cox, A, Balasubramanian, SP, Cross, SS, Reed, MWR, Blows, F, Driver, K, Dunning, AJ, and Tyrer, J
Published: 2008

29. Bevacizumab resistance in breast cancer: are neuropilins the key?

Author: Staton, CA, primary, Yang, Z, additional, Reed, MWR, additional, and Brown, NJ, additional
Published: 2008
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30. Neuropilins in physiological and pathological angiogenesis

Author: Staton, CA, primary, Kumar, I, additional, Reed, MWR, additional, and Brown, NJ, additional
Published: 2007
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31. Role of macrophages in breast cancer angiogenesis in vivo

Author: Brown, NJ, primary, Bingle, L, additional, Reed, MWR, additional, and Lewis, CE, additional
Published: 2006
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32. Mast cell stabilization prevents ethanol‐induced rat gastric mucosal injury: Mechanisms of protection

Author: Kalia, N, primary, Bardhan, Kd, additional, Reed, Mwr, additional, Jacob, S, additional, and Brown, Nj, additional
Published: 2000
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33. Cell cycle phase influences tumour cell sensitivity to aminolaevulinic acid-induced photodynamic therapy in vitro

Author: Wyld, L, primary, Smith, O, additional, Lawry, J, additional, Reed, MWR, additional, and Brown, NJ, additional
Published: 1998
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34. The influence of hypoxia and pH on aminolaevulinic acid-induced photodynamic therapy in bladder cancer cells in vitro

Author: Wyld, L, primary, Reed, MWR, additional, and Brown, NJ, additional
Published: 1998
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35. Different effects of cagA+/vacA [s1a/m1] H. Pylori on rat gastric mucosal microcirculation in vivo

Author: Kalia, N, primary, Bardhan, KD, additional, Reed, MWR, additional, Morton, D, additional, Atherton, JC, additional, Jacob, S, additional, and Brown, NJ, additional
Published: 1998
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36. Chronic effects of Helicobacter pylori extracts on rat gastric mucosal microcirculation in vivo

Author: Kalia, N, primary, Bardhan, KD, additional, Reed, MWR, additional, Morton, D, additional, Jacob, S, additional, and Brown, NJ, additional
Published: 1998
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37. Factors affecting aminolaevulinic acid-induced generation of protoporphyrin IX

Author: Wyld, L, primary, Burn, JL, additional, Reed, MWR, additional, and Brown, NJ, additional
Published: 1997
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38. Leucocyte interactions with the mouse cremaster muscle microcirculation in vivo in response to tumour-conditioned medium

Author: Brown, NJ, primary and Reed, MWR, additional
Published: 1997
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39. The effect of aminolaevulinic acid-induced, protoporphyrin IX-mediated photodynamic therapy on the cremaster muscle microcirculation in vivo

Author: Leveckis, J, primary, Brown, NJ, additional, and Reed, MWR, additional
Published: 1995
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40. The effect of cryotherapy on the cremaster muscle microcirculation in vivo

Author: Brown, NJ, primary, Pollock, KJ, additional, Bayjoo, P, additional, and Reed, MWR, additional
Published: 1994
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41. Effect of cryosurgery on liver blood flow

Author: Brown, NJ, primary, Bayjoo, P, additional, and Reed, MWR, additional
Published: 1993
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42. Short-term dietary copper deficiency does not inhibit angiogenesis in tumours implanted in striated muscle

Author: Schuschke, DA, primary, Reed, MWR, additional, Saari, JT, additional, Olson, MD, additional, Ackermann, DM, additional, and Miller, FN, additional
Published: 1992
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43. The role of surgery in the treatment of older women with breast cancer [corrected] [published erratum appears in CLIN ONCOL 2009 Jun;21(5):429].

Author: Reed MWR, Audisio RA, and Wyld L
Abstract: A significant proportion of women diagnosed with breast cancer are over the age of 70 years and there is evidence that these patients frequently do not receive standard treatments, including surgical procedures and adjuvant therapies, which would be routine practice in younger age groups. The factors underlying this may include the physiological effects of ageing, differences in the biology and stage of the tumour at presentation, patient co-morbidities and patient and clinician preferences. The interaction of all these factors needs to be considered when individualising treatment plans for patients. For some patients this will need to be undertaken in the context of an extended multidisciplinary team setting with additional input from geriatricians, in addition to surgeons and oncologists, in defining a treatment plan. Little is known about the preferences of older patients in their choice of surgical treatment for breast cancer and further research is required to increase the evidence base for the rational management of older women with breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2009
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44. Angiogenesis induction and regression in human surgical wounds.

Author: Brown NJ, Smyth EAE, Cross SS, and Reed MWR
Abstract: Angiogenesis in human wound healing is not well characterized, with only sparse information available regarding the maturation and fate of vessels formed as a consequence of human tissue repair. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the temporal profile of angiogenesis in human dermal wounds. Punch biopsies were obtained under local anesthesia from 45 patients following breast surgery. Scars were predominantly between 2 and 52 weeks after surgery but in five patients were > 52 weeks. Control samples were taken from breast skin peroperatively (n = 24). Quantification of vascular density was performed using the Chalkley grid, following antibody staining for platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule. Vascular patterns, wound cellularity and morphology were also determined. Cumulative microvessel density was increased in all samples when compared to controls (p < 0.05). This was greatest 2 to 24 weeks following surgery 17 (15-21) median (range), decreased thereafter, but remained elevated compared to controls even in the mature scars > 52 weeks. Control tissue showed an ordered morphological arrangement of dermal structures, collagen, and elastic fibers. However, wounding resulted in marked structural distortion for up to 15 weeks. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time the prolonged persistence of both microvessels and cellularity (fibroblastic cells), in addition to structural distortion in human dermal wounds, which is in contrast to previous in vitro and in vivo studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2002
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45. Different effects of cagA+/vacA [s1a/m1] H. Pylorion rat gastric mucosal microcirculation in vivo

Author: Kalia, N, Bardhan, KD, Reed, MWR, Morton, D, Atherton, JC, Jacob, S, and Brown, NJ
Published: 1998
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46. Chronic effects of Helicobacter pyloriextracts on rat gastric mucosal microcirculation in vivo

Author: Kalia, N, Bardhan, KD, Reed, MWR, Morton, D, Jacob, S, and Brown, NJ
Published: 1998
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47. The influence of candidates' race on examiners' ratings in standardised assessments of clinical practice.

Author: Brown C, Khavandi S, Sebastian A, Badger K, Westacott R, Reed MWR, Gurnell M, and Sam AH
Abstract: Purpose: Delivering fair and reliable summative assessments in medical education assumes examiner decision making is devoid of bias. We investigated whether candidate racial appearances influenced examiner ratings in undergraduate clinical exams., Methods: We used an internet-based design. Examiners watched a randomised set of six videos of three different white candidates and three different non-white (Asian, black and Chinese) candidates taking a clinical history at either fail, borderline or pass grades. We compared the median and interquartile range (IQR) of the paired difference between scores for the white and non-white candidates at each performance grade and tested for statistical significance., Results: 160 Examiners participated. At the fail grade, the black and Chinese candidates scored lower than the white candidate, with median paired differences of -2.5 and -1 respectively (both p < 0.001). At the borderline grade, the black and Chinese candidates scored higher than the white candidate, with median paired differences of +2 and +3, respectively (both p < 0.001). At the passing grade, the Asian candidate scored lower than the white candidate (median paired difference -1, p < 0.001)., Conclusion: The racial appearance of candidates appeared to influence the scores awarded by examiners, but not in a uniform manner.
Published: 2024
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48. Intervention to reduce age bias in medical students' decision making for the treatment of older women with breast cancer: A novel approach to bias training.

Author: Neal D, Morgan JL, Ormerod T, and Reed MWR
Subjects: Humans, Female, Aged, Decision Making, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Students, Medical
Abstract: Objectives: Despite NICE guidelines to 'treat people with invasive breast cancer, irrespective of age, with surgery and appropriate systemic therapy, rather than endocrine therapy alone', older patients receive differential treatment and experience worse outcomes. Research has evidenced the prevalence of ageism and identified the role of implicit bias in reflecting and potentially perpetuating disparities across society, including in healthcare. Yet age bias has rarely been considered as an explanatory factor in poorer outcomes for older breast cancer patients nor, consequentially, has removing age bias been considered as an approach to improving outcomes. Many organizations carry out bias training with the aim of reducing negative impacts from biased decision making, yet the few evaluations of these interventions have mostly seen small or negative effects. This study explores whether a novel intervention to address age bias leads to better quality decision making for the treatment of older women with breast cancer. Methods: An online study compared medical students' treatment recommendations for older breast cancer patients and the reasoning for their decision making before and after a novel bias training intervention. Thirty-one medical students participated in the study. Results: The results show that the bias training intervention led medical students to make better quality decisions for older breast cancer patients. The quality of decision making was measured by decreases in age-based decision making and increased efforts to include patients in decision making. These results suggest there is value in exploring whether if anti-bias training interventions could usefully be applied in other areas of practice where older patients experience poorer outcomes. Conclusions: This study evidences that bias training improves the quality of decision making by medical students in respect of older breast cancer patients. The study findings show promise that this novel approach to bias training might usefully be applied to all medical practitioners making treatment recommendations for older patients.
Published: 2024
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49. Automated Item Generation: impact of item variants on performance and standard setting.

Author: Westacott R, Badger K, Kluth D, Gurnell M, Reed MWR, and Sam AH
Subjects: Humans, Learning, Schools, Medical, Software, Clinical Reasoning, Students, Medical
Abstract: Background: Automated Item Generation (AIG) uses computer software to create multiple items from a single question model. There is currently a lack of data looking at whether item variants to a single question result in differences in student performance or human-derived standard setting. The purpose of this study was to use 50 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) as models to create four distinct tests which would be standard set and given to final year UK medical students, and then to compare the performance and standard setting data for each., Methods: Pre-existing questions from the UK Medical Schools Council (MSC) Assessment Alliance item bank, created using traditional item writing techniques, were used to generate four 'isomorphic' 50-item MCQ tests using AIG software. Isomorphic questions use the same question template with minor alterations to test the same learning outcome. All UK medical schools were invited to deliver one of the four papers as an online formative assessment for their final year students. Each test was standard set using a modified Angoff method. Thematic analysis was conducted for item variants with high and low levels of variance in facility (for student performance) and average scores (for standard setting)., Results: Two thousand two hundred eighteen students from 12 UK medical schools participated, with each school using one of the four papers. The average facility of the four papers ranged from 0.55-0.61, and the cut score ranged from 0.58-0.61. Twenty item models had a facility difference > 0.15 and 10 item models had a difference in standard setting of > 0.1. Variation in parameters that could alter clinical reasoning strategies had the greatest impact on item facility., Conclusions: Item facility varied to a greater extent than the standard set. This difference may relate to variants causing greater disruption of clinical reasoning strategies in novice learners compared to experts, but is confounded by the possibility that the performance differences may be explained at school level and therefore warrants further study., (© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)
Published: 2023
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50. The influence of candidates' physical attributes on patient ratings in simulated assessments of clinical practice.

Author: Brown CA, Badger K, Reid MD, Westacott R, Gurnell M, Reed MWR, Chamberlain G, Hatfield E, Sharif A, and Sam AH
Subjects: Humans, Communication, Physical Examination, Educational Measurement, Clinical Competence
Abstract: Background: We have previously shown that clinical examiners' scoring is not negatively impacted when a candidate has a tattoo, unnatural hair colour, or a regional accent. We investigated whether these physical attributes in exam candidates impact patient scoring., Methods: Simulated/real patients were randomly assigned to watch five videos of simulated candidate performances of a cranial nerve examination: clear fail, borderline, good, 'clear pass' without an attribute, and 'clear pass' with one of the attributes (tattoo, purple hair, accent). Participants scored domains of communication and professionalism. We compared scores for the clear pass candidates with and without attributes., Results: One hundred and eighty three patients participated. The total scores for the candidates with tattoos and purple hair were higher than the candidate with no physical attribute ( p < 0.001). For the candidate with a Liverpool English accent no difference was identified ( p = 0.120)., Conclusions: The presence of certain physical attributes (tattoos or purple hair) was associated with higher scores given by patients to candidates in a simulated physical examination station.
Published: 2022
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