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As the coronavirus has plunged the world into an unprecedented crisis, several voices are rising to signal the potential impact of this crisis on gender equality. The present research project aims to investigate this issue. This study is a replication of a previous study conducted as part of the “Dealing with a crisis: is gender equality collateral damage of the covid-19?” project. Therefore, the hypotheses, the dependent and independent variables, the procedure, the measures and the analysis are very similar to those pre-registered for the first study of the project.

As the coronavirus has plunged the world into an unprecedented crisis, several voices are rising to signal the potential impact of this crisis on gender equality. The present research project aims to investigate this issue.

International audience; In the near future, the human social environment worldwide might be populated by humanoid robots. The way we perceive these new social agents could depend on basic social psychological processes such as social categorization. Recent results indicate that humans can make use of social stereotypes when faced with robots based on their characterization as "male" or "female" and a perception of their group membership. However, the question of the application of nationality-based stereotypes to robots has not yet been studied. Given that humans attribute different levels of warmth and competence (the two universal dimensions of social perception) to individuals based in part on their nationality, we hypothesized that the way robots are perceived differs depending on their country of origin. In this study, participants had to evaluate four robots differing in their anthropomorphic shape. For each participant, these robots were presented as coming from one of four different countries selected for their level of perceived warmth and competence. Each robot was evaluated on their anthropomorphic and human traits. As expected, the country of origin's warmth and competence level biased the perception of robots in terms of the attribution of social and human traits. Our findings also indicated that these effects differed according to the extent to which the robots were anthropomorphically shaped. We discuss these results in relation to the way in which social constructs are applied to robots.

International audience; Two studies; 202 participants (100 undergraduate students in Study 1; 102 parents in Study 2)

International audience

International audience; Previous research has shown that discriminated women blame themselves more than they blame discrimination when meritocracy values are salient. In two studies, we examined whether meritocracy values also influence female observers when they judge a female victim of sexism. Such values were expected to lead them to judge more positively a victim incriminating herself than a victim claiming discrimination. Conversely, social equality values should lead them to judge more positively a victim claiming discrimination. Women who were either feminists or non-feminists (Study 1) or who were exposed to either social equality values or personal merit values (Study 2) had to judge a female victim of sexism who ascribed what happened to discrimination or to her ability. Feminist women and women exposed to social equality judged the female victim more positively when she reported discrimination than when she incriminated herself. The reverse pattern of judgement was observed for non-feminist women and women exposed to meritocracy values. The importance of values is discussed to improve the image of women claiming sexism.; Investigaciones previas han demostrado que las mujeres que sufren discriminación se culpan a sí mismas más que al propio acto de discriminación cuando se ponen de relieve valores sociales relacionados con la meritocracia. En los dos estudios que presentamos se analiza si los valores relativos a la meritocracia también influyen en las opiniones de las mujeres observadoras sobre una mujer víctima de sexismo. Se esperaba que estos valores las llevarían a juzgar más positivamente a una víctima que se incrimina a sí misma que a una víctima que denuncia una conducta discriminatoria. Por el contrario, valores relacionados con la igualdad social deberían inducir a un juicio más positivo de la víctima que alega discriminación. Un número de mujeres tanto feministas como no feministas (Estudio 1) o que habían sido expuestas bien a valores relacionados con la igualdad social, bien a valores relacionados con el mérito personal (Estudio 2) tenían que juzgar a una mujer víctima del sexismo que atribuía lo sucedido bien a un acto de discriminación o bien a sus propias capacidades. Las mujeres feministas y las que habían estado expuestas a valores relacionados con la igualdad social juzgaron a la víctima de un modo más positivo cuando ésta denunciaba discriminación que cuando se incriminaba a sí misma. Se observó un patrón opuesto en las mujeres no feministas y en las que habían estado expuestas a valores relacionados con la meritocracia. En este artículo se debate la importancia de los valores para mejorar la imagen de las mujeres que denuncian actitudes sexistas.

International audience; Research on women’s social judgment of female victims of discrimination does not allow disentangling the impact of the type of attribution the victims made from the impact of the recipient of their complaint. The hypothesis was that female observers would judge a female victim of sexism reporting discrimination more positively than a female victim attributing her negative outcome to her abilities, when the victim was addressing the perpetrator. The opposite effect was expected when the victim was addressing a third person. Female participants had to judge a female victim of sexism attributing her negative outcome to either discrimination or her abilities and either addressing the perpetrator or a third person. The results confirmed the hypothesis. Moreover, the image of competence conveyed by the victim mediates these social judgments, showing the beneficial effect of women confronting the perpetrator.; Les travaux sur le jugement social émis par les femmes envers des pairs victimes de discrimination ne permettent pas de distinguer l’impact du type d’attribution faite par les victimes de celui du destinataire de la plainte. Notre hypothèse est que, lorsque le destinataire de la plainte est l’auteur de l’acte sexiste, les femmes jugeront plus positivement une victime de sexisme dénonçant la discrimination qu’une victime attribuant cet événement négatif à ses capacités. L’effet opposé est attendu quand la victime se plaint auprès d’une tierce personne. Les participantes devaient juger une femme victime de sexisme dans son travail qui s’adressait soit à l’auteur de cet acte, soit à une tierce personne et qui expliquait cet événement négatif soit par la discrimination soit par son manque de capacités. Les résultats valident l’hypothèse. De plus, l’image de compétence véhiculée par la victime médiatise les jugements émis envers elle, montrant l’effet bénéfique pour les femmes de se confronter à l’auteur d’un acte sexiste.

International audience; The aim of the study is to examine whether female victims of sexism expect to be negativelyjudged by their peers. Women were led to believe that a sexist male evaluator negativelyassessed a test they had taken. Then, they had to attribute their failure to discrimination in thepresence of a female observer or in a private context. In the presence of the female observer,women minimized discrimination and expect a positive judgment. In the private context, womenreported more discrimination. When this attribution became public, they expected a negativejudgment from the female observer.