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BackgroundOrofacial cleft, one of the most common congenital deformities, presents with a plethora of defects, subjecting the patient to a multitude of treatments from a young age. Among the oral hard tissue problems, absence of a maxillary permanent tooth in the cleft region either due to congenital absence or extraction due to compromised prognosis is a common finding. Conventionally, the missing tooth is replaced using a removable or fixed partial denture; however, the treatment modality does not satisfactorily meet patient expectations. The most recent decade has seen increasing use of dental implants in the cleft region; however, the outcome of an immediately loaded dental implant is still elusive for orofacial cleft patients. ObjectiveThis protocol is for a single-arm clinical trial aimed at determining the treatment outcome of immediately loaded dental implants in patients with a nonsyndromic orofacial cleft. MethodsPatients meeting the set criteria will be sequentially enrolled until a sample size of 30 dental implants is met and will undergo the proposed treatment according to the predecided protocol. All patients will be followed up at the designated time intervals to record various clinical and radiographic parameters. Implant success will be defined based on the criteria elucidated by Misch et al in the Pisa, Italy Consensus. A quality-of-life assessment questionnaire will also be recorded at the end of patient’s follow-up to determine their acceptance of the treatment. ResultsA total of 30 dental implants will be placed in patients with a nonsyndromic orofacial cleft. Obtained results will be statistically analyzed to determine the treatment outcomes and success. ConclusionsThis study will help determine the feasibility of immediately loaded dental implants in compromised bone sites such as those presented in cleft patients and will help in generating findings that can be used to fill the lacunae currently present in the holistic treatment of cleft patients. Trial RegistrationClinical Trial Registry of India CTRI/2020/09/027997; http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/showallp.php?mid1=47659&EncHid=&userName=dental%20implants International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/25244

Background: Worldwide total population of geriatric was 703 million (9%) in year 2019 according to United Nation report. The geriatric population is estimated to increase to 198 million by 2030 in India. With advancing years, the incidence of communicable and non-communicable disease (NCD) increases. Most of the available studies on morbidity in India are disease specific and fail to provide comprehensive knowledge about NCD. Objectives :1. To estimate prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) in elderly. 2. To assess the risk factor associated with non-communicable disease. Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among geriatric people in rural areas of Kalaburagi district, Karnataka. Study participants consisted of age =60 years were comprised in the study and a sample size of 193 was calculated. Pre-designed, pre-tested and semi- structured questionnaire was used to collect information on risk factor and morbidity status of study participants. Data was computed in Microsoft 2013 excel sheets and using SPSS version 25.0 for utilizing appropriate statistical method to calculate frequency and percentage, chi square test fisher extract test were used to find association. Results: Hypertension is the most prevalent morbidity NCD in the rural elderly population found to be 41.45% in Kalaburagi CHC Rajapur. Followed by diabetes 24.35% and other disease 1.62%. Alcohol and Chewing tobacco found to have significant associations in disease causation in the elderly population. Environment like Water Supply, Latrine, Socio-Economic Class found to be having significant association in disease causation in the elderly population. Conclusion: As age advances morbidity increases has been shown in the study. Lifestyle modification also show statistically significant association. Prevalence of NCD like Hypertension, Diabetes, MI, etc can be prevented by reduction of the high-risk factor such as Lifestyle changes, Diet Modification, and Changing Habits of alcohol and tobacco.

Introduction: The incidence and prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) are rising worldwide, particularly in India. CAD can be asymptomatic in the general population. Aim: To analyse the significance of morphometric measurements of the coronary arteries in autopsy cases of unnatural deaths. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional autopsy study conducted from January to December 2020 in the Department of Pathology in collaboration with the Department of Forensic Medicine at Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India. Cases of deaths due to unnatural causes were considered. Morphometric parameters such as Luminal Area (LA), Internal Elastic Lamina Area (IELA), External Elastic Lamina Area (EELA), width of the intima at maximal thickness, width of the media at maximal thickness, intimal area, medial area, percentage of luminal narrowing, Intimal Thickness Index (ITI), and Intima to Media Ratio (IMR) were estimated using a Zeiss microscope on Verhoeff-Van-Gieson (VVG) stained tissue sections and analysed with ZEN software. All data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: A total of 80 autopsy cases were considered for the current research, of which 62 were males and 18 were females. The mean age of the cases was 37.6 years. Two cases (11.1%) among females and nine cases (14.5%) among males had asymptomatic atherosclerotic lesions in their coronary arteries. With increasing age, the percentage of asymptomatic atherosclerotic cases also increased. The p-values for the width of the intima at maximal intimal thickness and IMR were 0.005 and 0.027, respectively, between the non atherosclerotic and atherosclerotic groups. Conclusion: The morphometric parameters, such as the width of the intima at maximal intimal thickness and IMR, predict the presence of atherosclerotic lesions/CAD in the asymptomatic general population. This information can be used to implement preventive measures and inform health policy by the medical community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an era of one-off funding, entrepreneurs and small businesses struggle to find sustainable funding sources. A novel solution – the crowd patronage model, has emerged in recent years. This model incorporates elements from traditional crowdfunding but is systematically different due to the lack of a fixed funding goal or duration. To capitalise on the long-term nature of crowd patronage, this article explores whether factors that have an impact in traditional crowdfunding will have a similar impact within an extended duration beyond what traditional crowdfunding typically offers. We posit that incentivising mechanisms will have a long-term impact on crowd patronage, whereas project characteristic measures will exhibit short-term effects. Using data from 3229 crowd patronage projects, we find that our results largely support our hypotheses. Given our findings, we propose using project characteristics to attract contributors before shifting focus to incentivising mechanisms as the project matures in order to maximise crowdfunding returns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Justicia adhtoda L. is a well-known plant in India traditionally used for treatment of cough and cold. Vasa ghrita formulation is prescribed in treatment of bronchial asthma. The main aim was to develop standardization protocol for the Vasa ghrita formulation and to establish the standard limits range by considering another two marketed formulations (RVG and KKVG). Preliminary morphological screening was performed to describe the leaf and the formulations, in which a range was observed especially in terms of their colour from orange-yellow (RVG), yellow (KKVG) to green-yellow (INVG). Microscopical, phytochemical and physicochemical analysis of the leaf was in support of the literature data of Justicia adhtoda L. A physicochemical study was performed for the formulations with pure ghee as the blank for comparison. The parameters included, specific gravity, rancidity, melting point, saponification value, iodine value, acid value, peroxide value, unsaponifiable matter, TLC and HPTLC, FTIR spectroscopy, total Phenolic Content and Total Flavonoid Content. All the three formulations showed values of similar range, however, KKVG formulation was found to be more rancid with high peroxide value (6.667±0.067) than RVG (3.4±0.116) and INVG (0.933±0.067). INVG formulation was found to contain the maximum TPC (72.521±0.113 mg GAE/g) and TFC (14.877±0.247 mg QUE/g) values. In vitro biological activity was carried out by studying the antioxidant potential using DPPH radical scavenging estimation; RVG was found to have the least IC50 value (348.000±0.01 µg/mL). Microbiological load and toxicity profile of INVG formulation were also determined to establish the safety profile of the formulation of Vasa Ghrita. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of augmented reality (AR) technology presents marketers with promising opportunities to engage customers and transform their brand experience. Although firms are keen to invest in AR, research documenting its tangible impact in real-world contexts is sparse. In this article, the authors outline four broad uses of the technology in retail settings. They then focus specifically on the use of AR to facilitate product evaluation prior to purchase and empirically investigate its impact on sales in online retail. Using data obtained from an international cosmetics retailer, they find that AR usage on the retailer's mobile app is associated with higher sales for brands that are less popular, products with narrower appeal, and products that are more expensive. In addition, the effect of AR is stronger for customers who are new to the online channel or product category, suggesting that the sales increase is coming from online channel adoption and category expansion. These findings provide converging evidence that AR is most effective when product-related uncertainty is high, demonstrating the technology's potential to increase sales by reducing uncertainty and instilling purchase confidence. To encourage more impactful research in this area, the authors conclude with a research agenda for AR in marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main source of thermal energy is the sun, and with the increase in solar technology, it is now being utilized in many devices such as sun-based panels, photovoltaic cells, batteries and lights, solar fabric, solar water pumping, etc. Nowadays, improvement in flight effectiveness of solar aircraft by utilizing solar energy and nanotechnology is being studied by many scientists. This article is also based on studying the effectiveness of solar aircraft based on solar energy and nanotechnology. For this purpose, few properties of heat transfer among symmetrical wings will be analysed such as porous surface, thermal radiation, convective condition and heat source/sink. It is considered that the ternary hybrid nanofluid moves through the internal side of parabolic trough solar collector. The current study examines the radiative flow of a Carreau tri-hybrid nanoliquid across a convectively heated stretching surface in porous media. Also entropy generation on Carreau fluid is analysed in this work. Energy equation is modelled through heat source/sink and thermal radiation. The well-established numeric technique BVP4c has been used to solve the system of differential equations in the form of concentration, energy and momentum. Several flow variables on fluid velocity, temperature, drag friction, the Nusselt, entropy generation and Bejan number are described in figures and tables. The main outcomes of the current investigation are that the velocity and temperature lowered with augmenting values of Weissenberg number We . Results will prove that THNF is larger in the case of HNF and NF. Further, the drag friction and thermal efficiency of Thnf ( MoS 2 + SiO 2 + Fe 3 O 4 /EG ), Hnf ( MoS 2 + SiO 2 /EG ) and Nf ( MoS 2 /EG ) are computed in percentage with numerous values. The second finding is the addition of entropy due to the increasing magnitude of radiative flow, Carreau fluid variable. When comparing the current results to the reported results, we get a close match. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowdfunding is a method of raising funds to support a venture, usually by raising small amounts from a large number of investors. Typically, a project creator posts a project on a platform seeking a certain amount of funds for some venture. Potential backers view the project and contribute money if they are convinced of the idea. In most cases, these backers receive something in return. Crowdfunding helps facilitate projects that would otherwise have fallen through the cracks. There are many success stories, but the average success rates are moderate. To succeed, it is necessary to manage the expectations of diverse stakeholders during the entire funding and development process. Success factors range from selecting the right platform to accurate communication all along the way. Prior experience helps, as well as a realistic assessment of the chances, so as not to disappoint the community.