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This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose continuous ozone gas in controlling Listeria innocua and quality attributes and disorders of Red Delicious apples during long-term commercial cold storage. Red Delicious apples were inoculated with a three-strain L. innocua cocktail at ∼6.2 log10 CFU/apple, treated with or without 1-methylcyclopropene, and then subjected to controlled atmosphere (CA) storage with or without continuous gaseous ozone in a commercial facility for 36 weeks. Uninoculated Red Delicious apples subjected to the above storage conditions were used for yeast/mold counts and quality attributes evaluation. The 36 weeks of refrigerated air (RA) or CA storage caused ∼2.2 log10 CFU/apple reduction of L. innocua. Ozone gas application caused an additional > 3 log10 CFU/apple reduction of L. innocua compared to RA and CA storage alone. During the 36-week CA storage, low-dose continuous gaseous ozone application significantly retarded the growth of yeast/mold, delayed apple firmness loss, and had no negative influence on ozone burn, lenticel decay, russet, CO2 damage, superficial scald, and soft scald of Red Delicious apples compared to CA-alone storage. In summary, the application of continuous low-dose gaseous ozone has the potential to control Listeria on Red Delicious apples without negatively influencing apple quality attributes.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose continuous ozone gas in controlling Listeria innocua and quality attributes and disorders of Red Delicious apples during long-term commercial cold storage. Red Delicious apples were inoculated with a three-strain L. innocua cocktail at ∼6.2 log10 CFU/apple, treated with or without 1-methylcyclopropene, and then subjected to controlled atmosphere (CA) storage with or without continuous gaseous ozone in a commercial facility for 36 weeks. Uninoculated Red Delicious apples subjected to the above storage conditions were used for yeast/mold counts and quality attributes evaluation. The 36 weeks of refrigerated air (RA) or CA storage caused ∼2.2 log10 CFU/apple reduction of L. innocua. Ozone gas application caused an additional > 3 log10 CFU/apple reduction of L. innocua compared to RA and CA storage alone. During the 36-week CA storage, low-dose continuous gaseous ozone application significantly retarded the growth of yeast/mold, delayed apple firmness loss, and had no negative influence on ozone burn, lenticel decay, russet, CO2 damage, superficial scald, and soft scald of Red Delicious apples compared to CA-alone storage. In summary, the application of continuous low-dose gaseous ozone has the potential to control Listeria on Red Delicious apples without negatively influencing apple quality attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between oxidative stress and many life-menacing diseases has been documented in the last two decades. This correlation has resulted in extensive investigations to find potential antioxidants for the protection and management of such diseases. In this work, the seeds of Red Delicious and Granny Smith apples were extracted by four solvents including water, methanol, chloroform, and n-hexane. Extraction was operated by the application of three techniques, which are kinetic maceration, ultrasound- and microwaveencouraging extraction methods. With each technique, three patterns were followed involving non-sequential, sequential decliningly- and growingly-ordered in polarity. Nine methanolic extracts from each apple seeds' phenotype were evaluated for their in vitro biological properties. This assessment included the antioxidant activity tested versus hydroxyl and DPPH free radicals, and antitumor activity explored via MTT assay versus AMN3, HeLa, MCF-7, and SKG cancer cell lines. The results reported that the obtained methanolic extracts displayed a convenient biological activity versus the test free radicals and cancer cell lines, with notability contributed to those obtained from the seeds of Red Delicious apple. Also, the results documented that the desirable extraction pattern was the sequential declininglyordered in polarity and the recommended technique was the ultrasound-encouraging extraction. This study inferred that there is a significant relationship between the antitumor activity of these methanolic extracts and their antioxidant activity. This may guide to explore novel antioxidant and/or antitumor agents from the seeds of the applied apple phenotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, new systems that are be able to measure the characteristics of the quality of food products for nondestructive testing and can be installed on the grading lines are very important. Analysis of the acoustic response is a non-destructive method for measuring fruit quality characteristics. Therefore, the potential of acoustic impulse response for non-destructive classification of Red Delicious apple was examined. In this study, sound signals in both time and frequency domains were analyzed using wavelet transform. Signals are decomposed into three levels using Daubechies 4. Eight statistical features were selected: maximum, minimum, mean, standard deviation, energy, kurtosis, skewness and third moment. Apples are classified according to changes in the acoustic response during storage time using multilayer perceptron neural network algorithm. According to results, classification performance of artificial network with 4-1-2 topology in time domain is better than the other networks. The classification accuracy and harmonic mean of precision and sensitivity for this topology were 82.1% and 0.81, respectively.