Search

Rapid solidification of Al–Cu droplets of eutectic composition was carried out using Impulse Atomization (a type of drop tube). Two distinct morphologies were observed: an irregular undulated eutectic assumed to form during recalescence, followed by a regular lamellar eutectic. The volume fraction of each morphology was measured and used to deduce the nucleation undercooling based on the hypercooling limit. A model of the eutectic solidification was developed assuming that the kinetics of the undulated and regular regions is the same and follows scaling laws established experimentally. The simulated solid fraction forming during recalescence matches the experimental undulated eutectic fraction. Furthermore, the heat balance confirms the adiabatic nature of the solidification during recalescence. Good agreement is found between the model and experimental measurements of lamellar spacing for the regular eutectic. However, the predicted spacing of the undulated eutectic is much lower than what is observed experimentally. This difference as well as the nature of this morphology is attributed to coarsening during the remaining of solidification of the very fine eutectic formed during recalescence.

V zadnjih letih so različni načini obdelave površin, ki preprečujejo akumulacijo sreža in ledu, tema številnih raziskav, saj imajo obdelane površine zaradi svojih lastnosti, potencial za aplikacije na različnih področjih. V okviru te zaključne naloge smo zasnovali eksperimentalno progo za mikroskopsko in termografsko analizo zmrzovanja vodne kapljice. V programu SolidWorks je bila zasnovana komora, uporabljena za analizo zmrzovanja vodnih kapljic na različnih površinah. Zasnovano komoro, umeščeno v eksperimentalni progi, smo preko meritev pod mikroskopom in infrardečo kamero ovrednotili. Meritve, opravljene pod mikroskopom, prek zajema posnetkov s hitrotekočo kamero kažejo vpliv okolice na sreženje površine. Pri termografski analizi smo podrobno preučili proces rekalescence. Dokazali smo tudi, da je mogoče s hitrotekočo infrardečo kamero popisati krajevne in časovne spremembe temperatur tekom procesa zmrzovanja vodne kapljice. In recent years, different methods of treating surfaces, that prevent accumulation of snow and ice, have been the subject of several researchers due to improved properties of treated surfaces and potential applications in various fields. In this thesis, we designed an experimental setup for microscopic and thermographic analysis of water droplet freezing. A chamber designed in SolidWorks, was used to observe the freezing of water droplets on different surfaces. The designed chamber was placed in the experimental setup and evaluated through measurements under a microscope and IR camera. Measurements carried out under the microscope, through the capture of images with a high-speed camera, show the influence of the environment on the appearance of frost on the surface. The process of recalescence was studied in detail. It was demonstrated, that it is possible to detect local and temporal temperature changes during the process of water droplet freezing, with a high-speed infrared camera.

High-speed camera (HSC) is an advanced technology, which can be applied to observe the solid–liquid interface directly during solidification. It has never been reported that the temperature evolutions of solidification that was monitored by using cameras and their images. In this study, a new application of HSC technology was developed for the temperature evolution investigation. With this technology, the effects of the measured position, the thermocouple size and thermocouple sensitivity (delay) can be demonstrated in temperature measurement. It is important that the higher accuracy of temperature profiles can be obtained by the HSC technology. This method can be expected to analyze the temperature profiles of small melt-pool and subsequent rapid solidification process in additive manufacturing. In the end, we discussed the relationship of the recalescence rate and the solidification interface.

The eutectic Ag-Cu alloys exhibiting fine Ag-Cu lamellar eutectic structure formed upon rapid solidification have great potentials being used in various engineering fields. However, the desired fine primary lamellar eutectic structure (PLES) is usually replaced by a coarse anomalous eutectic structure (AES) when the undercooling prior to solidification exceeds a certain value. The forming mechanism of AES in the undercooled eutectic Ag-Cu alloy has been a controversial issue. In this work, the undercooled Ag-39.9 at.% Cu eutectic alloy is solidified under different cooling conditions by using techniques of melt fluxing and copper mold casting. The results show that the coupled eutectic growth of this alloy undergoes a transition from a slow eutectic-cellular growth (ECG) to a rapid eutectic-dendritic growth (EDG) above a undercooling of 72 K, accompanying with an abrupt change of the distribution and amount of AES in as-solidified microstructures. Two kinds of primary lamellar eutectic structures are formed by ECG and EDG during recalescence, respectively. The destabilization of PLES that causes the formation of AES is ascribed to two different mechanisms based on the microstructural examination and theoretical calculations. Below 72 K, the destabilization of PLES formed by slow ECG is caused by the mechanism of “termination migration” driven by interfacial energy. While above 72 K, the destabilization of PLES formed by rapid EDG is attributed to the unstable perturbation of interface driven by interfacial energy and solute supersaturation.

A population dynamics-cellular automaton (PD-CA) model is developed to describe the microstructure formation in an inoculated Al alloys. The model involves the dynamics behaviors of the inoculated particles and the nucleation, initial spherical growth of nuclei as well as the subsequent dendritic growth. The model was validated by using the experimental results for the Al-Cu alloys inoculated by Al–Ti–C refiner first, and then used to simulate the detailed solidification process in an inoculated Al–Cu alloy. The results indicate that the TiC is not stable in Al melt. The heterogeneous nucleation process consists of two stages: a very short initial stage dominated by the cooling rate and the later stage dominated by the number of the active TiC. It stops at the very moment the recalescence occurs. The average grains size d of the aluminum alloys inoculated by the Al–Ti–C refiner can be calculated by $$d(\upmu{\text{m}}) = \frac{{a \cdot \exp (t/60 \cdot \ln (C_{ 0} /w))}}{{(\nu_{\text{cool}} \cdot t)^{1/3} w^{1/3} }} + \frac{b \cdot \ln t}{{Q \cdot v_{\text{cool}}^{1/2} }}$$ where Q is the growth restriction factor, C0 (%) is the initial solutes composition, w (%) is the additive amount of Al–Ti–C refiner. t (min) is the holding temperature time since the Al–Ti–C refiner is added into the melt. a and b are the constants.

Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and transportation kinetics near the propagating solid–liquid interface dominates the rapid solidification process, which is far from a thermodynamically stable state....

International audience; In many industrial domains, compact graphite cast irons are developing rapidly at the expense of lamellar graphite irons. The formation of the microstructure, especially graphite shape, during the solidification stage of these alloys is however still not clearly understood, showing characteristics similar to both lamellar and spheroidal graphite irons. The aim of this work was to provide quantitative information on the solidification of compact graphite cast irons, whether inoculated or not, by thermal analysis in the foundry shop. This includes the effect of the amount of nodularizer on the undercooling before solidification starts and the amount of recalescence when bulk eutectic solidification sets up. Comparing quantitative analysis of the as-cast microstructure with the characteristics of the cooling curves gives hints to a better understanding of the microstructure formation in compact graphite irons. This work thus provides a set of quantitative data necessary to verify the relevance of any solidification modelling approach for compact graphite cast iron. On a practical point of view, it suggests that thermal analysis could certainly be a useful means for control of melt preparation for CGI casting by adding very low level of inoculant in the standard thermal analysis cups.

The solidification of spheroidal graphite cast iron (SGI) plays an important role in production of sound quality castings. However, owing to the complex solidification behaviour of SGI, prepouring melt quality evaluation technique such as thermal analysis is used to predict quality of liquid metal by analysing the cooling curve pattern. In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the role of speed of recalescence (SOR) in nucleation of graphite during solidification of SGI. Cooling curve analysis of liquid samples was carried out at different inoculation degrees. Recalescence and SOR data were obtained from thermal analysis, whereas nodule counts were obtained from microstructural examination of respective sample. It was observed that recalescence and nodule counts (nucleation sites) have a statistically significant inverse linear relationship; with the increase in recalescence, the nodule count was found to get reduced. However, the multiple values of nodule count at same recalescence degree were to be understood, which was clearly justified by SOR studies. After analysing the SOR vs nodule count relation, almost each SOR value corresponds to different nodule counts and the relation was statistically more significant. This infers that for an in-depth nodule count estimation, SOR analysis will be more helpful as compared to ∆Tr; hence, it is envisaged that speed of recalescence is true indicator of graphite nucleation as compared to recalescence in SGI.

Catalytic powders with fine microstructures can be produced from a rapidly solidified gas atomized Al–Ni alloy. The solidification microstructure of the droplets is closely linked with heat flow conditions. Thus, the heat transfer conditions between the gas and droplet are essential to microstructural evolution. In this study, a phase field model for simulating single and multiple dendrite growth in a binary Al–Ni alloy was constructed and the microstructural evolutions occurring during a gas atomization process were evaluated. Temporal variations in the heat transfer coefficient and the boundary heat flux were taken into account. The results revealed that the heat transfer coefficient of the atomized droplet in flight is correlated with the droplet size and the relative velocity between the droplet and the atomizing gas. During the simulation, the competition between boundary heat flux extraction and latent heat release from phase transition causes a recalescence process in thermal history, thereby affecting the gradient temperature distribution and, consequently, the dendrite morphology. Dendrite growth under the effects of the heat transfer coefficient is restrained continuously because of the decreasing amount of extraction. The computational results confirmed the fine homogeneous microstructure and low microsegregation levels of gas atomized powders.

The electromagnetic stirring (EMS) effects on peritectic solidification kinetics of undercooled liquid Fe-Ti alloys have been investigated by electrostatic levitation(ESL) and electromagnetic levitation (EML) methods assisted with in-situ diagnostic techniques. The high-sensitivity pyrometer and high-speed camera were employed to monitor the complete solidification process for levitated liquid Fe59Ti41 alloy in undercooling ΔT range of 0 K to 213 K. Theoretical calculations showed that there existed EMS inside electromagnetically levitated alloy melts, and the internal fluid flow dynamics depended on levitation height and melt undercooling. As ΔT rised, the primary dendrite growth velocity V increased according to a power function. Meanwhile, the peritectic recalescence degree ΔTpr and the peritectic recalescence rate Rpr were enhanced gradually, whereas the peritectic recalescence time tpr and the peritectic solidification time tps were shortened linearly. The comparison between ESL and EML experiments revealed that the EMS resulted in four respects of influences including (1) dendrite growth effect, (2) concentration field effect, (3) peritectic reaction effect and (4) microstructure evolution effect. In contrast with ESL, the V of Fe50Ti50 alloy measured by EML was slightly larger at small undercoolings, indicating the EMS affected dendrite growth processes. The solute concentration $$ C_{\text{L}}^{*} $$ around primary Fe2Ti dendrites for electrostatically levitated liquid Fe59Ti41 alloy deviated far away from original composition, while the EMS homogenized concentration field and the $$ C_{\text{L}}^{*} $$ variation was weak under EML condition. Both tpr and tps in the absence of EMS were longer that those in the presence of EMS, and it was demonstrated that the EMS accelerated peritectic reaction. Except for microstructure refinement, the EMS modulated the microstructure type and also changed the faceted-growth mode of intermetallic compound phases.

The rapid solidification processes of undercooled Ti-(47, 50, 54) at.% Al alloys were investigated by electromagnetic levitation (EML) method combined with a high-speed photoelectric detector. The maximum undercoolings of the three liquid alloys were 376 K, 352 K and 316 K, respectively. Recalescence processes corresponding to the primary dendrite growth and subsequent phase transition were recorded at various undercoolings. The primary dendrite growth velocity V meets a double exponential relationship with the undercooling ΔT. Besides, a novel formula with physical meaning is proposed to explain that the more ordered liquid metal atoms accelerate the primary dendrite growth. Three recalescences are found at all undercoolings for Ti-47 at.% Al alloy and at high undercoolings for Ti-50 at.% Al alloy. The microstructures of solidified Ti-47 at.% Al alloys successively appear as coarse lamellar dendrites and finally evolve to refined parallel lamellar dendrites with the increasing undercooling. When ΔT rises, the microstructures of solidified Ti-50 at.% Al alloys appear from coarse primary dendrites and interdendritic dendrites to refined lamellar dendrites. In the process from low undercooling to high undercooling, the primary phase of undercooled Ti-54 at.% Al alloys changes from α-Ti (α) to γ-TiAl (γ) and the microstructures of solidified alloys evolve from spherical primary dendrites and matrix phases to cellular dendrite phases. Meanwhile, for the Ti-(47, 50) at.% Al, the transformation temperature of metastable intermediate α phase decreases with the increase of undercooling. Moreover, the microhardness of the three solidified alloys reaches the maximum when the undercoolings are 185 K, 270 K and 316 K, respectively.

International audience; A melt maintained for hours in a press pour unit allowed the following changes over time from spheroidal graphite to compacted graphite iron by casting thermal cups at regular time intervals. This provided extensive experimental information for checking the possibility of simulating solidification of compacted graphite irons by means of a microstructure modelling approach. During solidification, compacted graphite develops very much as lamellar graphite but with much less branching. On this basis, a simulation of the thermal analysis records was developed which considers solidification proceeding in a pseudo binary Fe-C system. The simulated curves were compared with the experimental ones obtained from three representative alloys that cover the whole microstructure change during the holding of the melt. The most relevant result is that the parameter describing branching capability of graphite is the most important for reproducing the minimum eutectic temperature and the recalescence which are so characteristic of the solidification of compacted graphite cast irons.

The forming mechanism of anomalous eutectic structure (AES) in undercooled eutectic alloys has been a controversial issue. In this work, we conducted in situ observation of the AES forming process in an Ni-18.7 at.% Sn eutectic alloy using a high-temperature laser scanning confocal microscope. Our results provide an evidence of the AES formation induced by remelting of primary eutectic lamellae constituted by Ni3Sn and α-Ni lamellae. During recalescence, a pronounced remelting of the Ni3Sn phase into liquid occurs, while the α-Ni lamellae subject to a rapid morphological transition into granules. Eventually, the completion of solidification leads to the AES formation.

In this paper, the 24 karat (99.99 wt.% pure) and 22 karat gold (Au-5.8wt.%Cu-2.5wt.%Ag) were grain refined with Au-6wt.%Ti master alloy and the mechanism of grain refinement was studied. The Au-6wt.%Ti master alloy containing Au2Ti and Au4Ti intermetallic particles was added into 24 karat and 22 karat gold at various addition levels of Ti (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 wt.%) for grain refinement. The intermetallic particles undergo peritectic reaction with liquid Au in sequence to nucleate α-Au solid. It is observed that both the 24 karat gold and 22 karat gold showed efficient grain refinement at the lowest addition level of Ti (0.1 wt.%). However, 22 karat showed better grain-refining efficiency than 24 karat at all addition level of Ti studied. The mechanism of grain refinement of gold in this study matches with the “Peritectic theory” and “Solute paradigm” proposed for the grain refinement of aluminium. It is also observed that increasing the master alloy addition level to 0.2 and 0.3 wt.% Ti coarsening in the grain size in both 24 karat and 22 karat, but significant in the case of 24 karat gold due to recalescence effect. The grain-refined 24 karat and 22 karat gold at 0.1 wt.% Ti showed improvement in the hardness in comparison to the un-grain refined one.

Previous experiments showed a specific distribution of Al, La, and Ca on the section of complex (Mn,X)S compounds, found as major nucleation sites for graphite flakes in low-S cast irons (< 0.03%S), and a possible contribution of La to improve their capacity to nucleate graphite, avoiding carbides formation. In the present work, standard thermal [cooling curves] investigations were undertaken to explore Ca and La-Ca bearing FeSi alloys inoculation effects [10 measurements for each inoculant], in 3.7 ? 3.8%CE and optimum S and Mn relationship [0.046 ? 0.056%S, (%Mn) x (%S) = 0.024 ? 0.029]. Representative temperatures on the cooling curves and under-cooling degrees referring to the meta-stable eutectic temperatures were determined and correlated with the chill [carbides/graphite formation sensitiveness], in different solidification conditions [cooling modulus, wedge shape castings, resin sand mould]. Supplementary addition of La to Cabearing inoculants had limited, but specific benefits in these cast irons: lower eutectic recalescence and maximum recalescence rate, higher GRF1 and lower GRF2 graphitizing factors, and lower value of the first derivative at the end of solidification. Consequently, it resulted in a premise for lower shrinkage sensitiveness and lower chill (carbides) sensitiveness, especially at the highest solidification cooling rate (thin wall castings).

This thesis work revolves around four main axes. The first consists on the modeling of the basic thermodynamic properties (magnetic and thermal) of magnetocaloric alloys with ferromagnetic transitions, the magnetic model is able to reliably account for their magnetocaloric characteristics. The purpose is to integrate this data into a refrigeration device optimization tool. The second axis concerns the detailed characterizations of the magnetic and calorimetric properties of different intermetallic alloys. The third axis presents a new method for analyzing data measured by the semi-adiabatic relaxation method, adapted to very marked first-order transitions. The fourth axis concerns the original physical effects associated to the first order ferromagnetic transition of the La(Fe,Si,Co)13 family, which is currently one of the most promising for applications in magnetocaloric systems., Ce travail de thèse s’est articulé autour de quatre axes principaux. Le premier consiste en une tentative de modélisation des propriétés thermodynamiques de base (magnétiques et thermiques) d’alliages magnétocaloriques à transitions ferromagnétiques, en vue de pouvoir rendre compte de leurs caractéristiques magnétocaloriques. L’idée est de disposer de données applicables dans un outil d’optimisation des dispositifs de réfrigération. Le deuxième axe porte sur des caractérisations détaillées des propriétés magnétiques et calorimétriques de différents alliages intermétalliques. Il s’agit de matériaux déjà connus mais dont certaines propriétés n’avaient pas encore été étudiées ou étaient en débat. Le troisième axe présente une nouvelle méthode d’analyse des mesures calorimétriques par relaxation semi-adiabatique, adaptée aux transitions à caractère premier ordre très marqué. Le quatrième axe porte sur des effets physiques originaux associés aux transitions ferromagnétiques de premier ordre de la famille des La(Fe,Si,Co)13, qui est aujourd’hui l’une des plus prometteuses en termes d’applications.

Over the last 4 decades, remarkable progress has been made in the modelling of casting processes. The development of casting models is well reflected in the proceedings of the 15 Modelling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes (MCWASP) conferences that have been held since 1980. Computer simulations have enabled a better understanding of the physical phenomena involved during solidification. Modelling gives the opportunity to uncouple the physical processes. Furthermore, quantities that are difficult or impossible to measure experimentally can be calculated using computer simulations e.g. flow patterns and recalescence. However, when it comes to accurately predicting casting performance and in particular, the occurrence of defects like cracks, segregation and porosity there is certainly some way to go. In this paper, the current understanding of the main mechanisms of defect formation during shape and DC casting processes will be reviewed and requirements will be discussed to give a direction to making casting models more predictive and quantitative.

One of the greatest environmental goals for the aluminum alloys industry is generating higher quality products by introducing cleaner input materials while maintaining low production costs. A typical dilemma for the master alloy producers is the cleanness level of the master alloy since insoluble inclusions could serve as inoculants during the solidification process. In this work, commercial Ti5B1 master alloy is used for grain refinement of Al7Si4Cu aluminum alloy and compared with the cleaned master alloy that contained a lower amount of residual refractory oxides and salts. Metallography analysis was used for grain size measurement while Computer Aided Cooling Curve Analysis was used for assessment of the undercooling and heat release values. In all instances, specimens treated with the cleaned master alloy showed smaller grains in the final structure and lower undercooling values. The difference in released heat between liquidus and recalescence temperatures was about 25% in specimens where added 0.66 wt% of cleaned master alloys compared to specimens where the commercial master alloys were added. Using cleaner Ti5B1 master alloy with a higher number of TiAl3 and TiB2 particles improves its grain refinement efficiency and transmits fewer impurities in produced parts. Producing cleaner master alloy would be beneficial from economic and environmental aspects by increasing its value and service time of produced parts besides simplifying the recycling process at the end of parts life-cycle. This is the peer reviewed version of the paper: Mitrašinović, A., Tomić, M., 2022. Functional and Environmental Advantage of Cleaning Ti5B1 Master Alloy, International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 9, 783–793 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-021-00339-2] Peer-reviewed manuscript: [https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_11733]

This work deals with the mathematical modeling of the transient freezing process of a supercooled water droplet in a cold air stream. The aim is to develop a simple yet accurate lumped-differential model for the energy balance for a freely suspended water droplet undergoing solidification, that allows for cost effective computations of the temperatures and freezing front evolution along the whole process. The complete freezing process was described by four distinct stages, namely, supercooling, recalescence, solidification, and cooling. At each stage, the Coupled Integral Equations Approach (CIEA) is employed, which reduces the partial differential equation for the temperature distribution within the spherical droplet into coupled ordinary differential equations for dimensionless boundary temperatures and the moving interface position. The resulting lumped-differential model is expected to offer improved accuracy with respect to the classical lumped system analysis, since boundary conditions are accounted for in the averaging process through Hermite approximations for integrals. The results of the CIEA were verified using a recently advanced accurate hybrid numerical-analytical solution through the Generalized Integral Transform Technique (GITT), for the full partial differential formulation, and comparisons with numerical and experimental results from the literature. After verification and validation of the proposed model, a parametric analysis is implemented, for different conditions of airflow velocity and droplet radius, which lead to variations in the Biot numbers that allow to inspect for their influence on the accuracy of the improved lumped-differential formulation.

Quenching is an efficient manufacturing technique to improve the strength of steel after hot rolling. The benefit of this application is to enhance the mechanical properties of steel products while reducing strengthening alloying elements, e.g., C, Mn, V, Nb, and N. Quenching and self-tempering (QST) especially for H-beams is a unique material strengthening process that adopts intensive surface cooling and self-tempering. A methodological difficulty in estimating the quenching effect has been a long-standing concern in the QST application. The purpose of this study was therefore to specify quenching parameters, quantify quenching, analyze the effect, and verify the credibility of the results. Transient quenching was simulated in ANSYS to analyze heat transfer and phase transformations due to quenching. An individual concept, e.g., heat exchange, cumulative quenching infiltration, or recalescence phenomena, was merged and interpreted newly for the quenching simulation. Computational results based on theoretical approaches were well consistent with empirical studies.

The present work reports real-time observations of the phenomena of partial crystallization of one of the glass-forming materials, namely enstatite (MgSiO3) from its supercooled liquid droplet. Initially, the molten droplet has been held under purely non-contact conditions using the aerodynamic levitation technique. The desired levels of undercooling have been achieved by deliberately making the levitated molten droplet touch a thin molybdenum wire and hence to initiate heterogeneous nucleation from the point of contact. Influence of thermal parameters like undercooling, cooling rates and recalescence on the process of crystallization is investigated. To understand and report the morphological properties and extent of crystallinity, the solidified enstatite samples have been characterized using optical/scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively, which confirmed the formation of partially crystallized enstatite spherules and fully glass spherules. XRD showed sharp peaks of enstatite, which confirm crystallinity and a halo profile confirms the amorphous phase of enstatite. Based on the observations of several experiments, we propose the effect of thermal parameters such as levels of undercooling and recalescence on the partial crystallization, as well as partial glass formation from the initially molten droplets of enstatite composition.

Rapid solidification of a FeSi stoichiometric intermetallic compound was studied using the glass fluxing method. The recalescence process was in situ observed for the first time by the infrared high-speed high-resolution cameras. The dendrite envelope was found to be non-isothermal during the recalescence process. The growth velocity increased first, then decreased and finally held nearly constant. The average dendrite growth velocity for the recalescence process increased monotonically with undercooling and was described well by the dendrite growth model for a stoichiometric intermetallic compound. At low undercooling, the microstructure transition from coarse dendrites to refined grains was consistent with the dendrite fragmentation model and the chemical superheating model. At high undercooling, dendrite deformation triggers stress accumulation upon rapid solidification, thus providing the driving force for recrystallization. However, there were no evidences for annealing twins accompanied by recrystallization as well as random textures due to recrystallization nucleation. From the local misorientation map, the grain refinement mechanism was suggested to be stress-induced dendrite fragmentation. This study is helpful for not only understanding the intrinsic mechanisms of microstructure transitions in theory but also controlling microstructures and performance of intermetallic compounds in practical applications.

Slightly hypoeutectic ductile irons (4.10–4.2%CE) have a specific response to inoculation, which slightly decreased the temperature of the start of austenite formation (TAL), quickened up the start of eutectic freezing (nucleation) and increased the lowest and the highest (recalescence) eutectic temperatures. Temperature of the end of solidification increasing, with more negative level of the minimum value of the first derivative of cooling curve on the end of solidification, illustrates the efficiency of the applied inoculation to control the latter part of solidification. Increased graphitization factor, illustrating the graphite formation in the second part of eutectic reaction, sustains also the positive effect of inoculation. Inoculated irons show lower cooling rate for all of specific intervals than un-inoculated irons, with increasing tendency from beginning to the end of solidification, as specific values and also as difference between un- and inoculated irons. Inoculation potential, as ratio between the level of one specific parameter in inoculated and un-inoculated irons, has specific position, for each thermal analysis parameter, increasing from the beginning to the end of solidification. This treatment is useful not only to improve some metallurgical events at the beginning of solidification (carbide to graphite transition, graphite morphology control, eutectic cells count) but also it must be capitalized to control the last part of solidification, when the integrity of castings is decided.