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Typical preoperative hearing loss of candidates for a hybrid cochlear implant ranges from mild to moderate hearing loss in the low frequencies (up to 500 Hz) and severe to profound hearingloss in the mid and high frequencies (above 1500 Hz). Usually, the patients have limited or no benefit from hearing aids and their word discrimination score is between 1060 %. These patients often do not use the hearing aids at all, because they do not hear well in the middle and high frequencies. This 8-year old boy presented with symetrical hearing loss, which was profound in middle and high frequencies and moderate in low frequencies. Because of that, his speech development was impaired. We inserted a hybrid cochlear implant with a hearing preservation electrode by a traumatic insertion technique through the round window and succeeded to preserve his residual hearing. He adapted well to the use of hearing aid and cochlear implant and significantly improved understanding of the high frequency words and sentences. Kandidati za hibridni polžkov vsadek imajo začetno ali zmerno izgubo sluha v nizkih frekvencah (do 500 Hz) in zmerno težko ter težko izgubo sluha v srednjih in visokih frekvencah (nad 1500Hz). Običajno imajo bolniki s tovrstno okvaro le omejeno korist od slušnih aparatov in imajo t. i. govorno diskriminacijo med 10 in 60 %. Zato pogosto sploh ne uporabljajo slušnih aparatov, saj ne slišijo govora v srednjih in visokih frekvencah. Optimalna rešitev zanje je hibridni polžkov vsadek, ki omogoča akustično okrepitev v nizkih frekvencah in električno stimulacijo v predelu notranjega ušesa v srednjih in visokih frekvencah. 8-letni fant je imel simetrično zaznavno naglušnost z delno ohranjenim sluhom v nižjih frekvencah in težjo izgubo sluha v srednjih in visokih frekvencah, zaradi česar je njegov govorni razvoj zastal. Vstavili smo hibridni polžkov vsadek z elektrodo za atravmatsko insercijo skozi okroglo okence in uspeli ohraniti preostali sluh. Deček se je brez težav navadil na uporabo polžkovega vsadka v kombinaciji s slušnim aparatom in je znatno izboljšal razumevanje besed, v katerih nastopajo visoke frekvence in razumevanje stavkov z več besedami.

Purpose: Presentation of our results of otosclerosis procedures undertaken with the argon laser. Methods: Argon laser stapedotomy was carried out in 47 patients in the last 18 months at our center. The procedure was conducted under general anesthesia using a transcanal approach. Pure-tone audiogram was done pre- and postoperatively. After each procedure, overclosure, closure of the air-bone gap and the average postoperative air-bone gap were calculated. Results: Average overclosure in all patients was 4.4 dB; average closure of the air-bone gap was 22.3 dB and average air-bone gap was 9.6 dB. Conclusion: Argon laser stapedotomy is a safe procedure that enables surgery without touching middle ear structures. Postoperative hearing results were satisfactory and stable; patients also had few problems with nausea and vertigo. Namen: Namen raziskave je bil predstaviti rezultate operacij otoskleroze z argonskim laserjem. Metode: V zadnjem letu in pol je bila stapedotomija z argonskim laserjem izvedena pri 47 bolnikih. Pri vseh je bil poseg izveden v splošni anesteziji s transkanalnim pristopom, preoperativno in pooperativno je bil narejen tudi audiogram. Po operaciji smo izračunali spremembo kostnega prevajanja, kostno-zračne razlike in povprečno pooperativno kostno-zračno razliko. Rezultati: Povprečno pooperativno izboljšanje kostnega prevajanja je znašalo 4,4 dB, povprečno izboljšanje kostno-zračne razlike 22,3 dB, povprečna pooperativna kostno-zračna razlika pa je znašala 9,6 dB. Zaključek: Stapedotomija z argonskim laserjem je varna operacija, ki omogoča t.i. operiranje brez dotika struktur. Pooperativni rezultati sluha so zadovoljivi in stabilni, bolniki pa imajo pooperativno malo stranskih pojavov v smislu nestabilnosti in slabosti.

Background. Only few reports have been published about the use of the three-dimensional ultrasound in the field of otorhinolaryngology. With conventional ultrasound investigation usually enough information can be obtained. One of the most important ultrasound applications in otorhinolaryngology is investigation in patients with head and neck tumors to establish the extent of metastatic disease. Methods. In the article we present our experience with three-dimensional ultrasound. We used it in patients with head and neck tumors, where we established the volume of lymph nodes and their relations to the carotid artery and jugular vein. We also established the volumes of the oral cavity tumors and made a comparison with the T-cathegory of TNM classification of malignant tumors. Results and conclusions. The average size of all tumors was 9,6 cm3. We found the significant correlation between the tumor volumes and T cathegory (p

V magistrskem delu smo predstavili zadovoljstvo in kakovost življenja bolnikov pred uporabo kostno vsidranega slušnega pripomočka, kakor tudi zadovoljstvo in kakovost življenja z novim slušnim pripomočkom. Opisali in predstavili smo kostno vsidrane slušne pripomočke, njihov namen in uporabo. In the master's thesis we described and presented the quality of life of patients after bone anchored hearing aid insertion. Furthermore, we described and presented bone anchored hearing aids, their use and purpose. We presented the contentment and the quality of life of patients before the bone anchored hearing aid insertion as well as the contentment and the quality of life with the new hearing aid.