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PurposeThe authors of this research present a study on Mmobile learning (ML) and the communication processes that are generated in different educational and professional contexts through a systematic review.Design/methodology/approachThis is descriptive research that analyzes a total of 201 results present in Web of Science and SCOPUS, with the criteria established by the PRISMA protocol, giving special relevance to the following categories: country of origin, date of publication, main objectives, methodological design, variables analyzed and considered, size and details of the samples; and their respective scientific contributions in relation to their area of research.FindingsThe results show significant methodological discrepancies with respect to the established criteria. Five blocks of action are apparent: technical issues, influence on learning, impact on satisfaction and motivation, impact on communicative processes and new forms of interaction.Originality/valueThe value of this research lies on offering a critical view based on an in-depth analysis of the existing scientific production between ML and communication in education.

El flipped learning se considera un método didáctico en el que el docente requiere de una serie de competencias para su aplicación. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las capacidades para desarrollar buenas prácticas sobre flipped learning en docentes españoles de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y descubrir los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de buenas prácticas en dichos docentes. El método de investigación se fundamenta en una metodología cuantitativa, con un diseño de tipo descriptivo y correlacional. En el estudio participaron 1.743 docentes del territorio español. El instrumento usado es el cuestionario Flipped Classroom Teacher Scale (FCTS). Los resultados muestran que menos de la mitad de los docentes encuestados revelan competencias para desarrollar de forma adecuada una metodología fundamentada en el flipped learning, concretamente 758 docentes, donde la edad, el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en el ámbito educativo, el tiempo de uso de las mismas en el ámbito personal, el número de dispositivos y la experiencia docente influyen en la aplicación del método. Se concluye que existe una relación lineal entre el apoyo institucional, la autoeficacia tecnológica, las creencias docentes y las estrategias de enseñanza para el desarrollo de buenas prácticas con flipped learning en el profesorado analizado, por lo que se postulan como factores condicionantes, Flipped learning is a didactic method that requires the teacher to have a series of competences for its application. The aim of this research is to analyse the abilities of Spanish teachers of Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) to develop good practices in flipped learning and to discover the factors which influence the development of good practices in these teachers. The research method is based on a quantitative methodology with a descriptive and correlational design. A total of 1,743 teachers in Spain participated in the study. The instrument used was the Flipped Classroom Teacher Scale (FCTS) questionnaire. The results show that 758 teachers, less than half the teachers surveyed, show competences to adequately develop a methodology based on flipped learning, where age, use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education, time spent using them in the personal sphere, number of devices and teaching experience have an influence on the application of the method. The conclusion reached is that there is a linear relationship between institutional support, technological self-efficacy, teaching beliefs and teaching strategies for the development of good practices in flipped learning in the teachers analysed, so these factors are postulated as conditioning factors

The incorporation of ICTs in the educational field results in new alternatives, new habits, and new needs. In the case of teachers, their ability to work and integrate technological devices or tools to make them more accessible in the future becomes highly relevant. In recent years, technical possibilities such as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), Open Educational Resources (OERs), gamification, video streaming platforms, or transversal managers such as Google Classroom have been emerging. Possibilities that involve different scenarios of the teaching-learning process were especially enhanced during the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. This results in a necessary and continuous reflection on the preparation of teachers in the didactic application of ICTs in the short, medium, and long term. All this is placed in the context of higher education, a stage always linked to technological innovation and one which promotes research in the field of education. For this reason, in the present work, it is exposed in different sections how the technological change has been gaining pace resulting in a conceptual development around ICTs in the classroom. At the same time, it analyses how teacher training in higher education is a problem of the present and future, which is why it acquires a key relevance.

The Spanish educational system has been significantly altered due to the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, a fact that has encouraged the paradigm shift that was taking place during the last decade in relation to the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in educational contexts. New contexts imply constant reflection on the teaching-learning process, especially in a society whose commitment to digital integration increases annually. The most appreciable aspect of these new environments affects the field of higher educationwhich during the last decade has already begun to delve into digital teaching and learning media for different contexts. For this reason, in the present work, a theoretical analysis is carried out that considers the role of ICTs in Spanish society with special interest in their adaptation to higher education - issues that support approaches that go beyond the pure application of ICTs and that highlight new needs in the training of teachers whose Digital Teaching Competence is in constant controversy and analysis. To favor the applicability of this theory, the Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and the Open Educational Resources (OERs) are considered as two key tools of the present and future in relation to teacher training in higher education in Spain. All this is discussed in view of the need of the Institutions to adapt to the development of society and not remain in the sideline.

The progress of technology has led to the emergence of new teaching methods, among which Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) can be found in an attempt to promote the integration of technology and knowledge, combining technology, pedagogy and theoretical content. The aim of this research is to analyze the significance and evolution of the TPACK concept in the publications contained in Web of Science (WoS). The research method chosen is based on bibliometrics, specifically on the analysis of academic performance and on the analysis of co-words. The total number of documents analyzed is 471. The results show that research on TPACK is on the rise, increasing progressively in recent years. The main area of research is education and educational research, with articles, written in English, being the medium used by researchers to present their results. It can be concluded that, although there is an established research base, there is no single line of research. In this case, the main lines of research are “framework-framework-TPACK” and “technology-pedagogy-beliefs”. It can be determined that the studies on TPACK deal with the integration of technological resources and the analysis of their perception in student learning., Project I+D+i OTRI: Active methodologies for learning through technological resources for the development of society, University of Granada (Spain) CNT-4315

Vocational training of students in diet habits and active lifestyle habits has recently become an important issue, given the health problems caused as a result of a poor diet. The objective of this study is to analyze the e ectiveness of di erent training actions (traditional method and digital resources) carried out in a program of dietary habits and active lifestyle at the vocational training stage. A quasi-experimental design of the pre-post type was developed. A sample of 177 participants was chosen. The instrument to collect the data was the validated ECHAES questionnaire. The results show that all study groups demonstrated similar averages across all dimensions, except in the digital resource post-test design, where the averages were higher than the rest. There was a significant relationship between the traditional teaching method and the post-test digital resources design in all dimensions. There was also a significant relationship between the pre-test and post-test of the traditional teaching method and the digital resource group in the dimensions. It can be concluded that both the traditional and the innovative method lead to learning in the vocational training student, although the values achieved by the group where the innovative method was adopted were much higher than in the traditional group., University of Granada (Spain) CNT-4315

La lectura es clave para el éxito académico y personal. Para adquirir este hábito es necesario realizar intervenciones de animación a la lectura, ya que, sobre todo al principio, supone un gran esfuerzo. Resulta especialmente relevante en el caso del alumnado vulnerable, porque el hecho de adquirir este hábito contribuye a evitar el fracaso escolar y abre la puerta hacia la integración social. Sin embargo, transmitir el gusto por la lectura no es una tarea sencilla para los docentes. Dada la tendencia social que existe hacia las TIC y su valor motivacional, muchos autores las consideran grandes recursos para la animación a la lectura. Por este motivo, se planteó el objetivo de analisar las estrategias TIC para la animación a la lectura y qué importância conceden a la población vulnerable. A través del método de revisión sistemática de la literatura se han analizado 19 artículos indexados en Scopus y la Web of Science, obteniendo como resultado que la mayoría estudian las preferencias entre los formatos digital y tradicional de lectura y, algo más de la mitad, se dirigen a mayores de 18 años. De los estudios que ofrecen estrategias de animación a la lectura, se recogen algunos recursos TIC y metodologías que han servido com éxito para el fomento de la lectura. Por lo que resulta fundamental seguir investigando las formas de animación a la lectura más efectivas para incentivar el hábito de leer y conseguir la inclusión educativa y social del alumnado desfavorecido.

This research was funded by I+D+i OTRI-Universidad de Granada CNT-4315. Metodologias activas para el aprendizaje mediante recursos tecnologicos para el desarrollo de la sociedad., The social and technological changes that society is undergoing in this century are having a global influence on important aspects such as the economy, health and education. An example of this is the inclusion of artificial intelligence in the teaching–learning processes. The objective of this study was to analyze the importance and the projection that artificial intelligence has acquired in the scientific literature in the Web of Science categories related to the field of education. For this, scientific mapping of the reported documents was carried out. Different bibliometric indicators were analyzed and a word analysis was carried out. We worked with an analysis unit of 379 publications. The results show that scientific production is irregular from its beginnings in 1956 to the present. The language of greatest development is English. The most significant publication area is Education Educational Research, with conference papers as document types. The underlying organization is the Open University UK. It can be concluded that there is an evolution in artificial intelligence (AI) research in the educational field, focusing in the last years on the performance and influence of AI in the educational processes., I+D+i OTRI-Universidad de Granada CNT-4315

Currently, more and more teachers decide to follow active teaching methods, leaving behind traditional teaching methods. Among the most used pedagogical methods in the educational field is the collaborative learning. The general objective of the present investigation is to know the performance and academic development of the term "collaborative learning" in the documents collected in the Web of Science database. The research method developed was based on a bibliometric study, identifying academic performance and conceptual development, through a co-word analysis. Particularly, we have pursued four main objectives: (a) To determine the degree of performance of documents collected from collaborative learning; (b) to identify the scientific development of so-called collaborative learning; (c) to analyze the most incidental aspects of collaborative learning; and (d) to value the most representative authors who are experts in the use of collaborative learning. The total number of manuscripts studied is 3295. The results show the manuscripts are written mainly in English by researchers who belong from the United States. The main area of knowledge is Education Educational Research. As a conclusion, it can be said that the collaborative learning pedagogical method is at a turning point in the scientific field. Its scientific evolution, focused on its principles in the students themselves, has extended to other branches. At present, studies are oriented towards technological resources, co-regulation, and the academic achievements of students. Furthermore, in the coming years the terms innovation, design, patterns, collaboration, and communication will probably be the new lines of study in this scientific field., University of Granada HUM-672

Roughly speaking, the didactic interaction assumed in any teaching-learning process necessarily needs an internal comprehension and decoding process by the students. Particularly, whenever a teacher develops any teaching process he/she establishes a channel, a code, a system that makes possible communication. In this sense, the language used in the didactic processes is relevant to be analysed as far as it highly contributes to the students’ learning process and enhance to achieve quality and effectiveness. More precisely, the study of language and variety of speech used in education is an area that has aroused great interest and has continued to be studied since the mid twentieth century. In this research we will examine the current theoretical framework and the findings of relevant authors to keep on with the analysis of the language of didactic interaction. Thus, we will restrict our attention to general uses rather than on the analysis of the different linguistic levels. In this paper we will analyse how we use language when teaching, what meanings we convey and how communication is reached in the didactic interaction process.

We acknowledge the researchers of the research group AREA (HUM-672), which belongs to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Junta de Andalucía and is registered in the Department of Didactics and School Organization of the Faculty of Education Sciences of the University of Granada., Today, pedagogical proposals are increasingly moving away from purely traditional approaches, with a proliferation of active methodologies in the teaching–learning processes. This research aims to find out the effectiveness of the collaborative method in mobile learning, as opposed to traditional methodology, for university students in the learning of the didactic program. The research methodology is quantitative, applying a quasi-experimental design with a control group and experimental group. The results show that the collaborative learning teaching method associated with mobile learning mainly increases motivation, the relationships between teachers and students, the relationships between students and content, the relationships between students and students, autonomy in learning, pedagogical collaboration between students, problem-solving, and the sense of time in the training process. It is concluded that the collaborative learning method associated with mobile learning is more effective for learning didactic programming than the traditional method.

A long time ago educational policies started to develop different measures to offer students with educational needs the support required. However, society is each time more diverse and requires additional strategies to provide a real inclusive education. Most of the times institutions face up problems due to the lack of resources. For this reason, along this research an approach to empower inclusive education is examined. Principles for excellence in teaching and lifelong learners are promoted in a way to enhance all possible strategies to offer the attention students’ diversity demands. The results show how stakeholder’s prescriptions contribute to offer educational support and how inclusive education can be deeply developed in institutions. The new socio educative demands need specific principles, teaching methods and techniques that allow diversity abilities and skills in the classroom.

When stakeholders implement new measures in education Acts, they also involve changes at the school’s organizational level. In the field of Didactics and School Organization, these changes allow improvements to offer quality in Education. Focusing on school inclusion, the treatment of students with specific need of educative support can be assumed through the praxis of specific methodological principles, promoting an individualized attention and human, social and material resources. To examine the role of stakeholders when dealing with disability, this chapter focuses on the analysis of how school inclusion is developed in a High School in the Spanish region of Aragón. Thus, this case study (Marcelo & Parrilla, 1991, Yin, 1994, Stake, 1998) has been conducted with an eminently qualitative and descriptive methodology (Cohen & Manion, 1990). The techniques applied have focused on group discussions (Krueger, 1991, Suárez, 2005). The results show there exists a lack of connection between the macro-political and the micro-political level.

Mobile devices are a revolutionary element that offer many possibilities, although they can also cause problems for users. This is the case with the development of addictive behaviors that can affect personal well-being. The purpose of this paper has been to analyze the influence of smartphone addiction and Instagram use intensity on the self-esteem of Physical Education students. A cross-sectional research design was adopted by applying an online survey to a sample of undergraduate students (n = 385). The results showed that gender and age were factors that influenced the problematic use of the smartphone. In turn, there was a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction and Instagram use intensity. The influence of smartphone addiction on students’ self-esteem was also highlighted. In contrast, Instagram use intensity did not affect self-esteem. Finally, the findings are discussed, and the main implications of the study are established, where physical education students take on a special role in order to avoid the improper use of smartphones and Instagram through sport., University of Granada (Spain) PPJIB2019-06

The use of technology and all that it entails, such as applications and social networks, has led to a transformation of education in all aspects. Communication and the monitoring of training processes are being transformed through these new elements gradually incorporated into the classrooms. The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of WhatsApp and Google Drive on the monitoring of training practices among preservice students using a traditional, face-to-face methodology. A quasi-experimental design was carried out on a sample of 123 Spanish pre-service students. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The results show that the follow-up of external practices of future teachers using WhatsApp and Google Drive is effective in comparison with the face-to-face follow-up, although no significant differences are shown in the students’ grades. Conclusions show that applying a monitoring method with these technological tools leads to an increase in students’ motivation mainly as it allows a more direct interaction between the teacher and the student. It is important to select the monitoring method and the target student in the didactic development. Hence, these educational applications enable active learning where the learner is the main protagonist and can be supported and monitored.

The development of the digital competence is one of the current challenges of the educational community. Specifically, the area of information literacy is presented as a main pillar for the subsequent optimal development of a digital teaching competence. Based on this, the present article aims to evaluate the area of information literacy in practicing teachers from Early Childhood Education (N=57). A descriptive and inferential quantitative analysis was made for this piece of work in order to analyze the perceptions of the teachers towards this area, the accomplishment of the t-student test for the comparison of means between teachers of public and private with state-funded financial support centers and the application of a linear regression model that allows to predict the information literacy through the variable "education center". The results obtained reflected an optimal level of perceptions as for the information area, regardless of the type of school, as well as the possible prediction, regarding the school typology, of some information literacy variables.

La lectura es clave para el éxito académico y personal. Para adquirir este hábito es necesario realizar intervenciones de animación a la lectura, ya que, sobre todo al principio, supone un gran esfuerzo. Resulta especialmente relevante en el caso del alumnado vulnerable, porque el hecho de adquirir este hábito contribuye a evitar el fracaso escolar y abre la puerta hacia la integración social. Sin embargo, transmitir el gusto por la lectura no es una tarea sencilla para los docentes. Dada la tendencia social que existe hacia las TIC y su valor motivacional, muchos autores las consideran grandes recursos para la animación a la lectura. Por este motivo, se planteó el objetivo de analisar las estrategias TIC para la animación a la lectura y qué importância conceden a la población vulnerable. A través del método de revisión sistemática de la literatura se han analizado 19 artículos indexados en Scopus y la Web of Science, obteniendo como resultado que la mayoría estudian las preferencias entre los formatos digital y tradicional de lectura y, algo más de la mitad, se dirigen a mayores de 18 años. De los estudios que ofrecen estrategias de animación a la lectura, se recogen algunos recursos TIC y metodologías que han servido com éxito para el fomento de la lectura. Por lo que resulta fundamental seguir investigando las formas de animación a la lectura más efectivas para incentivar el hábito de leer y conseguir la inclusión educativa y social del alumnado desfavorecido., Reading is key to academic and personal success. To acquire this habit it is necessary to make interventions of animation to the reading, since, especially in the beginning, it supposes an effort. It is especially relevant in the case of vulnerable students, because the fact acquiring this habit helps to avoid school failure and opens the door to social integration. However, transmitting a taste for reading is not an easy task for teachers. Given the social trend toward ICT and their motivational value, many authors consider them to be great resources for encouraging reading. For this reason, the objective was to analyze ICT strategies for encouraging reading and the importance that they give to vulnerable populations. Through the method of systematic review of the literature, 19 articles indexed in Scopus and the Web of Science have been analyzed, obtaining as a result that most of them study the preferences between digital and traditional reading formats and a little more than half of them are addressed to people over 18 years old. Of the studies that offer strategies for encouraging reading, some ICT resources and methodologies that have been successfully used to promote reading are included. Therefore, it is essential to continue researching the most effective ways of encouraging reading and achieve the educational and social inclusion of disadvantaged students., Ler é a chave para o sucesso acadêmico e pessoal. Para adquirir esse hábito, é necessário realizar intervenções de incentivo à leitura, pois, principalmente no início, envolve um grande esforço. É especialmente relevante no caso de alunos vulneráveis, pois o fato de adquirir esse hábito ajuda a evitar o fracasso escolar e abre portas para a integração social. Porém, transmitir o gosto pela leitura não é tarefa fácil para o professor. Dada a tendência social para as TIC e seu valor motivacional, muitos autores as consideram um ótimo recurso para incentivar a leitura. Por este motivo, estabeleceu-se o objetivo de analisar as estratégias de TIC para estimular a leitura e a importância que atribuem à população vulnerável. Por meio do método de revisão sistemática da literatura, foram analisados 19 artigos indexados no Scopus e Web of Science, obtendo-se como resultado que a maioria estuda as preferências entre os formatos de leitura digital e tradicional e, pouco mais da metade, são direcionados para mais de 18 anos. Dos estudos que oferecem estratégias de incentivo à leitura, são coletados alguns recursos e metodologias de TIC que têm tido sucesso na promoção da leitura. Portanto, é imprescindível continuar investigando as formas mais eficazes de estimular a leitura para estimular o hábito da leitura e alcançar a inclusão educacional e social de alunos carentes.

Roughly speaking, the European Higher Education Area introduced substantial changes in the structure and development of new curricula. Particularly, when assuming the teaching-learning processes in the Master’s Degree, special attention needs to be carried out to the students’ achievements. Since 2010, the Faculty of Education in the University of Zaragoza implemented the Master in Teacher Training for High School Teachers. One of the main aims is to provide students with the necessary pedagogical knowledge, strategies and procedures to be able to develop professionally. We want to accompany in students’ development, the acquisition of teaching techniques and methodologies, including methodology specific for age of youth, the teachers will be working with. This issue was showed in presented text. The authors pictured, among others, the methods, activities and objectives designed to help students achieve the learning outcomes in the Master’s compulsory Module entitled “Context of the Teaching Task”.

Many industry standards and methodologies were introduced which has brought forth the management of threats assessment and risk management of information assets in a systematic manner. This paper will review and analyze the main processes followed in IT risk management frameworks from the perspective of the threat analysis process using a threat modeling methodology. In this study, the authors propose a new assessment model which shows that systematic threat analysis is an essential element to be considered as an integrated process within IT risk management frameworks. The new proposed model complements and fulfills the gap in the practice of assessing information security risks.

Conocer el lenguaje de una disciplina científica permite entender mejor su epistemología. El lenguaje pedagógico precisa de un análisis, dado que no ha sido objeto de estudio. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es mostrar su caracterización lingüística del lenguaje de la Pedagogía. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica del concepto de «lenguas especiales» y se analiza el léxico y los factores extralingüísticos. Se utiliza una metodología de investigación cualitativa, en una dimensión descriptiva. Los resultados muestran que es un «lenguaje sectorial». La caracterización del léxico y de los factores pragmáticos muestra que este lenguaje se sitúa en un «nivel umbral». Esta caracterización permite conocer cómo la Pedagogía construye su lenguaje, cómo sus hablantes transmiten los significados. Knowing the language of a scientific discipline allows a better understanding of its epistemology. The pedagogical language needs analysis, since it has not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this article is to show the linguistic characterization of the language of Pedagogy. A literature review of the concept of "special languages" is developed and an analysis of the lexis and the extra linguistic factors is carried out. It is used a qualitative research methodology, in a descriptive dimension. The results show that it is a "sector language". The characterization of the lexis and pragmatic factors shows that this language belongs to a "threshold level". This characterization allows to know how Pedagogy builds its language, how its speakers convey the meanings.

In any academic institution two action levels with regards to school organization can be found. On the one hand, the macro-political level basically concerned with educative legislation and how these rule educative institutions. On the other hand, the micro-political level concern-ing school priorities. Along this book chapter we will provide a research based on how the macro and the micro political levels should handle together. Hence, we will basically provide an updated theoretical framework focusing on the most relevant trends. Moreover, we will keep on with a deep analysis of how stakeholders and active agents promote and develop curricular prescriptions. Finally, we will analyze and discuss how far the implementation of educative principles contributes to enhance the students’ interests and assumes their needs for a better teaching-learning process.

In this article, an analysis of the existing literature is carried out. It focused on the netiquette (country, date, objectives, methodological design, main variables, sample details, and measurement methods) included in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. This systematic review of the literature has been developed entirely according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). The initial search yielded 53 results, of which 18 exceeded the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in detail. These results show that this is a poorly defined line of research, both in theory and in practice. There is a need to update the theoretical framework and an analysis of the empirical proposals, whose samples are supported by students or similar. Knowing, understanding, and analyzing netiquette is a necessity in a society in which information and communication technologies (ICT) have changed the way of socializing and communicating. A new reality in which there is cyber-bullying, digital scams, fake news, and haters on social networks.

Currently, there is limited guidance on generic cloud software architecture model for designing and building cloud applications and each platform provider has different standards that influences the way applications are developed and written. In this paper we propose a cloud application development model based on developing services (typically REST API services). We see clear benefits in applying this model to service oriented architecture (SOA) and business process management (BPM) design in order to develop enterprise applications for cloud environments in a systematic, rapid manner. This conceptual model described in this paper is drawn from the core ideas and practices behind REST API, BPM, and SOA. In this paper we focus on the proposed software development model for enterprise cloud applications and services. Throughout this paper we use the term cloud application and cloud service interchangeably. The model described in this paper can be applied to both. Further research on a software-modeling tool that provides a standardized structure for cloud software development and deployment seems to be in order. Supported by a graphical modeling environment, such a tool would utilize a Cloud Resource Provisioning language, will be able to seamlessly deploy and provision cloud resources across multiple cloud service providers. The presented research provides a practical and extensible application development model for cloud platforms. The model described can be used in a variety of applications as well as migration of legacy code to cloud platforms. By using this model, a cloud application can be deployed as small functionally separate components to different cloud nodes. Resource allocation can be defined for these nodes on a per need basis, which minimizes the cost of acquiring a fail over and load balanced system compared to the traditional on premise application development. In this paper, a detailed description of the analysis and development steps of the proposed model is also presented.