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Background: Early rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is crucial in functional outcomes. However, considering improvements in the first six months, there may be benefits to continuing rehabilitation beyond three months postoperatively to achieve maximum functionality and strength.Objective: The aim was to compare: (a) effectiveness of late-phase clinic-based and home-based progressive resistance training (PRT) in female patients with TKA; and (b) crude cost of both interventions and explore feasibility.Methods: Thirty-two patients were assigned to clinic-based PRT (n = 16) and home-based PRT (n = 16) groups. A training program was performed at the clinic or at home for eight weeks. Pain, quadriceps and hip abductor strength, patient-reported and performance-based outcomes, knee range of motion (ROM), joint awareness, quality of life (QoL) were assessed at baseline (three months postoperatively) and after 8-week intervention (five months postoperatively). Feasibility and crude cost were examined.Results: Exercise adherence was 100% in clinic-based PRT and 90.6% in the home-based PRT group. Both interventions improved quadriceps and hip abductor muscle strength, performance-based and patient-reported outcomes, knee ROM, and joint awareness without side effects (p < .05). Clinic-based PRT showed better results in: activity pain (p = .004, ES = -0.888); knee flexion (p = .002, ES = 0.875) and extension ROM (p = .004, ES = -1.081); chair sit-to-stand test (p = .013, ES = 0.935); joint awareness (p = .008, ES = 0.927); and QoL than home-based PRT (p < .05).Conclusion: Late-phase clinical-based and home-based PRT interventions may be beneficial in improving muscle strength and functionality in patients with TKA. Late-phase PRT is feasible, cost-effective, and recommended for rehabilitation after TKA.

Background There is limited evidence in the literature regarding the effects of harmonic therapy on peripheral blood circulation. Objective This pilot study aims to examine the immediate effect of passive and active assistive harmonic therapy on peripheral blood flow volume in healthy young males. Design Cross-over pilot study using quantitative data. Setting This study was conducted in a university hospital. Methods Three different interventions (passive range of motion exercise, active assistive harmonic therapy, and passive harmonic therapy) were applied to participants' dominant upper extremity shoulder joint. Interventions were performed only 1 session and 10 min at one-week intervals. Primary outcome measures Superficial palmar branch of the radial artery blood flow volume was evaluated with color Doppler ultrasound before and immediately after the intervention. Participants Fifteen young males (mean age:22.13 ± 1.68 years, range:20–25) participated in the study. Results Blood flow volume significantly increased with active assistive harmonic therapy (p = 0.01, ES = 1.444) and passive harmonic therapy (p = 0.00, ES = 1.104) interventions. There was no change in blood flow volume with passive range of motion intervention (p = 0.276). Active assistive harmonic therapy and passive harmonic therapy intervention significantly increased blood flow volume compared to passive range of motion intervention (p = 0.001, ES = 0.278). Conclusions Both active assistive and passive harmonic therapy interventions produced an immediate increase in blood flow volume however, the clinical importance of these findings requires further investigation.

Introduction: Lifestyle modification is the first-line treatment for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patient education and the use of technological tools that will increase compliance with the exercise program may increase physical activity in these patients. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of pedometer-based walking intervention on clinical, diabetes-related cognitive and social factors, and quality of life outcomes in patients with T2DM. Methods: Forty patients (17 male and 23 female) were randomly divided into the intervention (n=20; 13 male and 7 female) and control (n=20; 4 male and 16 female) groups. Both groups received diabetes education program, and instant messaging and calling application were used to facilitate and increase the communication between patients and researchers. The intervention group underwent the brisk walking program (40 minute/day and 3 times/week) for 12 weeks. The outcomes included the plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood lipids, body mass index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire, SF-36, and daily number of steps. Results: The HbAlc level decreased significantly in the intervention group (p=0.020). No statistically significant difference was observed within and between groups in terms of the plasma glucose and lipid levels (p >= 0.05). The IPAQ-SF walking and total physical activity scores increased in the intervention group (p

Background: As in all age groups, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is gradually increasing in the elderly. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the body mass index (BMI) on the physical function and the overall quality of life in the elderly., Material and methods: 265 community-dwelling older adults (131 women and 134 men) were included. BMI, grip strength (hand-held dynamometer), physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery, SPPB) and overall quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) were assessed.., Results: 265 older adults were divided into three groups: normal (n = 66), overweight (n = 116), obese (n = 83). SPPS and WHOQOL-BREF psychological health scores of the normal group were statistically significantly higher than in the obese group (p = 0.005). The WHOQOL-BREF physical health score of the normal and the overweight groups was significantly higher than in the obese group (p=0.005). Grip strength, SPPB and WHOQOL-BREF physical health scores of older men in all groups were better than in women (p=0.005)., Conclusions: BMI negatively affects the physical function, physical health and the psychological domain of the quality of life in the elderly. In order to avoid or limit the effects of disability secondary to obesity and promote healthy ageing, the elderly should be encouraged to increase their physical activity and maintain healthy weight.

Amaç: Bu çalışmamızda (a) lateral epikondilit (LE) tanılı hastalarda derin transvers friksiyon masajı (DTFM) ve ekstrakorporeal şok dalga tedavisinin (ESWT) ağrı, kavrama kuvveti, fonksiyon üzerindeki kısa dönem etkilerini ve (b) her iki tedavi yönteminin maliyetlerini belirlemeyi ve karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza LE tanısı alan 52 hasta (39 kadın, 13 erkek) randomize olarak iki gruba ayrıldı: DTFM grubu (n=25) ve ESWT (n=27) grubu. DF grubundaki hastalara haftada 2 gün toplam 6 seans DTFM uygulandı. ESWT grubundaki hastalara haftada bir kez 3 seans ESWT uygulandı. Tedavi öncesi ve tedaviden hemen sonraki ağrı şiddeti, ağrı eşiği, kavrama kuvveti, fonksiyonel durum (Mayo Dirsek Performans Skorlama Sistemi-MDPSS ve Kol, Omuz ve El Sorunları Anketi-DASH-T) değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Her iki grubun tedavi sonrası istirahat ve aktivite sırasındaki ağrılarında, DASH-T skorlarında tedavi öncesine göre anlamlı derecede azalma; ağrı eşiği, kavrama kuvveti ve MDPSS skorunda ise anlamlı derecede artış saptandı. Bununla birlikte DTFM aktivite sırasındaki ağrının azaltılması ve fonksiyonelliğin arttırılmasında açısından ESWT’ye göre daha etkili bulundu. DTFM’nin tedavi maliyeti 69.60 TL, ESWT nin ise 124 TL olarak belirlendi.Sonuç: Fizyoterapist tarafından kolaylıkla uygulanabilen, pahalı cihaz-ekipman gerektirmeyen ve daha az maliyetli olan DTFM, LE’li hastaların tedavisinde etkili bir tedavi yöntemi olarak kullanılabilir.

BACKGROUND: Static or dynamic postural control cannot be fully restored in patients with knee osteoarthritis, even after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which may contribute to an increased risk of falls in the elderly. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate balance and the fall risk before and after TKA in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis. Secondary outcomes were patient-reported and performance-based activity limitations. METHODS: A total of 45 patients were separated into two groups as unilateral TKA (UTKA, n= 24) and bilateral TKA (BTKA, n= 21) groups. All the patients received standard postoperative physical therapy for 3 months. Balance and fall risk (Biodex Balance System SD), patient-reported and performance-based functionality (WOMAC, 30-second chair-stand test, 9-step stair climbing test and 40-meter fast-paced walk test) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) were evaluated at preoperatively, and at 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: There was no difference between the groups in postoperative fall risk and balance (p> 0.05). The BTKA group obtained better results in the sit-to-stand test and SF-12 physical dimension (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: UTKA and BTKA interventions and the standard postoperative rehabilitation were seen to improve balance and quality of life, and reduce the fall risk, patient-reported and performance-based activity limitations. However, despite improvements in balance, the risk of falling persists.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a supervised and home-based physiotherapy program in the reduction of pain and in improving functional status and quality of life in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Method: Patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis and referred to the physiotherapy clinic were evaluated retrospectively. A total of 32 patients were separated into two groups as supervised and home-based physiotherapy groups. All the patients received standard physiotherapy program consisting of static stretching exercises of the ECRB tendon, eccentric exercises of the wrist extensors and cold application, for 3 weeks. The groups were compared in terms of pain severity, range of motion, functional status (Quick-DASH) and quality of life (SF-36) after treatment. Results: Fifteen patients (12 females, 3 males) with a mean age of 44.20±7.35 years were included in the supervised physiotherapy group, and 17 patients (15 females, 2 males) with a mean age of 48.65±12.33 years in the home-based physiotherapy group. There was no statistically significant difference in activity (p=0.980) and rest pain (p=0.483), wrist flexion (p=0.775) and extension (p=0.838) range of motion, functionality (p=0.346) and quality of life (p=0.923) between groups. Conclusion: Patients participating in a home-based physiotherapy program had similar clinical outcomes in terms of pain intensity, range of motion, functionality, and quality of life as patients participating in a supervised physiotherapy. Further prospective randomized studies can be conducted by increasing the sample size and comparing with cost analyzes to determine the rehabilitation regimen that will provide the best outcomes in lateral epicondylitis rehabilitation.

Amac: Bu calismanin amaci toplumda yasayan yaslilarda ayak fonksiyonunun denge, dusme ve dusme endisesi ile iliskisini belirlemektir. Gerec ve Yontem: Denizli merkezde yasayan 47 yasli (13 kadin, 34 erkek) calismaya dahil edildi. Ayak fonksiyonlari Ayak Fonksiyon Indeksiyle (FFI), dusme endisesi Uluslararasi Dusme Etkinligi Olcegiyle (FES-I), dinamik denge ve dusme riski Sureli Kalk-Yuru Testiyle (SKYT) degerlendirildi. Ayrica yaslilarin son bir yildaki dusme sayilari da sorgulandi. Bulgular: Calismaya katilan yaslilarin yas ortalamasi 75.34±7.81 yildi. FFI skoruna gore yaslilarda hafif derecede ayak agrisi (21.19±19.87) ve aktivite kisitliligi (15.34±12.20), orta derecede yetersizlik (32.72±26.00) bulundu. Yaslilarin %76.7’sinin dusme endisesi yasadigi, %57.4’unun dusme riski tasidigi saptandi. FES-I ile FFI’nin agri (r=0.538 p=0.000), yetersizlik (r=0.417 p=0.004) ve aktivite kisitliligi (r=0.532 p=0.000) alt gruplari arasinda pozitif yonde orta duzeyde anlamli iliski saptandi. SKYT ile FFI’nin agri (r=0.367 p=0.011) ve yetersizlik (r=0.352 p=0.015) alt gruplari arasinda pozitif yonde hafif duzeyde anlamli iliski gozlenirken aktivite kisitliligi (r=0.602 p=0.000) alt grubu ile yuksek duzeyde anlamli iliski bulundu. Sonuc: Calismamiz sonucunda ayak agrisinin ve ayak problemlerinden kaynaklanan gunluk yasam aktivitelerindeki yetersizlik ve aktivite kisitliliginin denge kaybini, dusme riski ve endisesini arttirabilecegi saptandi. Ayak problemleri nedeniyle fiziksel aktivite kisitlamasi veya fiziksel aktiviteden kacinma kisa vadede yasliyi dusmelere karsi korusa da, uzun vadede yaslinin fiziksel ve zihinsel sagligina zarar vermekte, sosyal katilimini kisitlanmakta, yasam kalitesini azaltmakta ve gelecekteki dusme riskini arttirmaktadir. Bu sebeple yaslilarin ayak sagligiyla ilgili farkindaliklarinin artirilmasinin, ayak problemlerinin belirlenip gerekli onlemlerin alinmasinin tum bu risklerin ortadan kaldirilmasi acisindan onemli oldugunu dusunmekteyiz.

BACKGROUND: Ankle fractures represent one of the most common orthopedic injuries in the lower extremity. Weight-bearing and rehabilitation protocols after surgical treatment of ankle fracture have recently evolved from traditional methods to full weight-bearing protocols. However, more evidence is needed on unprotected immediate weight-bearing along with a standardized rehabilitation program. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of unprotected immediate weight-bearing as tolerated and an eight-week prescheduled supervised rehabilitation program on the mid-term clinical and functional outcomes of surgically treated ankle fractures, and to compare functional results with the unaffected side. METHODS: Eighty patients (24F and 56M) who underwent rigid fixation of bimalleolar ankle fractures were included (mean age 41.57±13.22 years). Preoperative radiographs and computed tomography scans were used to evaluate and classify the fractures. The fractures were classified using Lauge-Hansen classification system. Ankle ROMs, Pain Disability Index (PDI), American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scores, and Short Form-36 scores were evaluated. Patients were allowed unprotected weight-bearing on the immediate postoperative period and a standardized supervised prescheduled rehabilitation program was undertaken following surgery. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 30.32±6.91 months. Based on Lauge-Hansen classification, supination-external rotation injuries were found in 32(40%) patients, supination adduction injuries in 14(17.4%) patients, pronation-external rotation injuries in 28(35%) patients, and pronation-abduction fractures in 6(7.6%) patients. The solid union was achieved in all patients at the final follow-up. The mean PDI score was 12.78±14.78, and the AOFAS score was 80.93±17.24. Although patients’ health-related quality of life was at a good level, the injured-side ankle ROM was lower than the healthy side (p≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Satisfactory clinical and functional outcome can be achieved at mid-term with unprotected weight-bearing as tolerated and pre-scheduled supervised eight-week rehabilitation program following rigid internal fixation of ankle fractures. However, this protocol is not studied in patients with associated comorbidities.

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many institutions and instructors tried to continue without disruption through distance education (DE) instead of canceling their lectures. This study aims to investigate of academicians and students' perception and attitudes for distance physiotherapy and rehabilitation education in COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was conducted at School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation between May to June 2020. Study information were given to 22 academicians be assigned in distance education and Distance Education Perceptions Scale questionnaires were filled. Web Based Instruction Attitude Scale online survey link was sent to through students' class WhatsApp groups to all of the 620 undergraduate students. Results: Academicians' perception of DE were at moderate level, most of the academicians stated that students don’t have the opportunity to think analytically in DE, the quality of education does not increase and learning outcomes are not equivalent to traditional education. More than half of the students stated that DE could be an alternative solution to the "education problem". However, they found the DE boring due to technical problems and did not feel belonging to the university they were enrolled. Conclusion: Although DE is seen as an alternative solution in terms of continuing educational activities during the pandemic process, attitudes towards DE create uncertainty for both academicians and students. This may be due to the fact that physiotherapy education has practical course contents. The quality of DE can be increased by making the use of technology more user-friendly and by providing basic technical training for users.

Background: The use of self-assessment questionnaires in addition to clinical evaluations is gradually increasing. Liverpool Elbow Scale (LES) is an elbow-specific outcome score that provides a comprehensive assessment of by both the clinicians and patients. However, it has not been adapted and validated to Turkish language. Objective: To conduct the translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Liverpool Elbow Score-patient answered outcome (LES-PAQ) into Turkish for patients with elbow fracture. Design: Study of diagnostic accuracy/assessment scale. Methods: This study was carried out in three consecutive phases: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation. In the third phase, we used the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (Quick-DASH), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12) physical health score. Results: Sixty-one patients were included for the analysis. Neither a ceiling nor a floor effect was observed. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.89. Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.94 (95% CI 0.89 to 0.96; p < 0.001). SEM was 0.28 and MDC95 was 0.79. The LES-PAQ showed a high negative correlation with the Quick-DASH (r = −0.72, p < 0.001) and high positive correlation with MEPS (r = 0.77, p < 0.001), and with SF-12 physical health subscale (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The Turkish version of the LES-PAQ is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of the patients with elbow fracture. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

Objectives: This study aims to compare the effects of mini-midvastus (MMV) versus medial parapatellar (MPP) approach on rapid recovery protocols during total knee arthroplasty (TKA)., Patients and methods: This prospective, randomized, single-blinded study was performed in 54 patients (4 males, 50 females; mean age 64.1 +/- 6.4 years) diagnosed as primary knee osteoarthritis and planned for unilateral TKA between May 2018 and March 2019. Patients were randomly assigned as MMV (1 male, 26 females; mean age 65 +/- 6.4 years) and MPP (3 males, 24 females; mean age 63.2 +/- 6.3 years) groups. Rapid recovery TKA protocol and discharge criteria were assembled and all patients were evaluated preoperatively, and at postoperative first and third months. Length of hospital stay (LOS) was recorded for all patients. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values, radiologic assessment of alignment, knee range of motion (ROM), quadriceps muscle strength, visual analog scale (VAS), 30-sec chair-stand test, stair-climb test, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Short Form-36 (SF-36) were used for evaluations by blinded observers., Results: There was no significant difference in demographic variables between two groups. Operative time in MMV Group (78.1 +/- 2.7 min) was significantly longer than the MPP Group (65.9 +/- 2.6 min) (p0.05). In terms of quadriceps muscle strength gain, we could not find any difference between groups in pre- and postoperative difference of changes (p>0.05)., Conclusion: With the use of contemporary rapid recovery protocols during TKA, MMV approach had no superiority over MPP approach when quadriceps muscle strength, LOS, pain, function, and quality of life were assessed. Longer operative time in the MMV approach compared to MPP approach may be considered as a disadvantage.

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BACKGROUND: Strong core stabilization not only minimizes the load on the vertebral column, but also improves strength and endurance of peripheral joints, and enables the energy transfer to distal segments. Despite the current interest surrounding core stability, none of the studies investigated the effect of core stability on the formation of rotator cuff tear or healing after repair. OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between core stability and upper extremity functional performance in patients who underwent rotator cuff repair surgery and to compare those with healthy subjects of similar age. METHODS: Patients who underwent rotator cuff repair (RC repair group, n = 58 patient) and healthy subjects of the similar age group (control group, n = 114) were included in the study. The mean age was 55.03 +/- 9.84 years in the RC repair group and 52.71 +/- 6.31 years in the control group. The RC repair group took standardized rehabilitation. The rehabilitation program did not include core strength and stability exercise. Core endurance was assessed with Flexor Endurance, Prone Bridge and Supine bridge test. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Close Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability (CKCUES) test were used to evaluate the upper extremity functional performance. RESULTS: The core endurance (prone and supine bridge test) of the control group was statistically significantly better than the RC repair group (p

The present study was planned to translate and culturally adapt the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) and assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish translation of the OMAS in patients with surgically treated malleolar fracture. The OMAS was adapted for use in Turkish by first translating it and then back-translating it in accordance with published guidelines. The final Turkish version of the OMAS was administered to 91 patients participating in the present study. The OMAS questionnaire was repeated 7 days later to assess test–retest reliability. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used for each question's score and the total score, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated for test–retest reliability. The internal consistency of the OMAS-TR was assessed using Cronbach's α. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing the OMAS with the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score and global self-rating function (GSRF). The GSRF has 5 options: very good, good, fair, poor, and very poor. These are assessed using a 5-point Likert scale. Before validity analysis, the GSRF score was reduced to 3 groups. In the test–retest reliability assessment, the OMAS showed high correlation (r = 0.882). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.942. Cronbach's α was 0.762 and 0.731 at days 1 and 7 (adequate internal consistency). The correlation coefficients versus the 5 subscales of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score ranged from r = 0.753 to r = 0.809 (p =.000) and versus the GSRF was r = −0.794 (p =.000). According to results of the present study, the Turkish version of the OMAS demonstrated adequate test–retest reliability, excellent internal consistency, and evidence of validity for Turkish-speaking patients treated surgically for ankle fracture. © 2017 American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons

BACKGROUND: Pilates is a popular exercise approach among women. Still there is poor empirical quantitative evidence indicating a positive effect of Pilates exercises on body composition. The aim of our study is to determine the effects of Pilates exercises on body composition in sedentary overweight and obese women. METHODS: Thirty-seven women, aged between 30 to 50 (43.79±4.88) years, included the study. Subjects are randomly divided into Pilates group (N.=19) and control group (N.=18). Pilates exercises was given for 90 minutes, 3 times/week, for 8 week with a gradual strength increase of 11-17 in the Rating of Perceived Exercise. Control group did not participate in any physical activity program. Bioelectric Impedance Analysis was used for determine the body composition of participants. Weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat mass, lean body mass, waist, abdomen and hip circumference were measured at pre- and post-training period. RESULTS: In Pilates group, weight, BMI, fat percentage, waist, abdomen and hip circumference decreased significantly after training (P0.05). In control group, abdomen and hip circumference increased significantly (P

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effect of sacroiliac (SI) blockade in patients with and without lumbosacral fusion.Methods: This study included 72 patients diagnosed with SI pain and who received blockade injection (methylprednisolone and lidocaine). Patients were divided into 2 groups; 22 patients in the fusion group who underwent previous lumbosacral fusion and 50 patients in the non-fusion group. Average follow-up was 17.7 (range: 6 to 30) months. All patients were evaluated before and after intervention using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index, Rivermead Mobility Index and SF-36. Results were statistically analyzed.Results: Activity pain (a component of VAS) was significantly better in the non-fusion group than the fusion group (p=0.042). No other statistically significant differences were observed between groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: Sacroiliac blockade has a similar therapeutic effect on patients who underwent lumbosacral fusion surgery as on non-operated patients in the middle-term. Therefore, alternative treatment options are not necessary in patients with fusion., Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı lumbosakral füzyonlu hastalar ile füzyonu olmayan hastalarda sakroiliak (SI) blokaj uygulamasının terapötik etkilerini karşılaştırmaktı.Çalışma planı: Blokaj enjeksiyonu (metilprednizolon ve lidokain) ile SI ağrı tanısı almış 72 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Daha önce lumbosakral füzyon öyküsü olan 22 hasta ilk gruba alınırken, füzyonu olmayan 50 hasta ikinci grubu oluşturdu. Hastalar ortalama 17.7 (dağılım: 6-30) ay takip edildiler. Hastalar enjeksiyon öncesinde ve sonrasında Görsel Analog Skala (GAS), Oswestry Özür Anketi, Rivermead Mobilite İndeksi ve SF-36 ile değerlendirildiler. Sonuçların istatistiksel karşılaştırması yapıldı.Bulgular: Sonuçlarda sadece GAS’ın ‘aktivite ağrısı’ bileşeni füzyonsuz grubun lehine anlamlı bir fark gösterdi (p=0.042). Diğer parametreler arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunamadı (p>0.05).Çıkarımlar: Sakroiliak blokaj tedavisinin, orta vadede, lumbosakral füzyonlu hastalarda ameliyat geçirmemiş hastalardakine benzer bir terapötik etkisi olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Bu nedenle, füzyonlu hasta grubunda farklı bir tedavi alternatifi düşünülmesine gerek yoktur.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the real-time sonoelastography (RTSE) in the assessment of the supraspinatus tendon in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS).Twenty-five patients with unilateral shoulder pain that was diagnosed as SIS according to magnetic resonance imaging findings were included in the study. Healthy shoulders of the patients comprised the control group. Bilateral shoulder RTSE examinations were performed by a radiologist who was blinded to the involved side of the participants. The RTSE images were recorded and assessed by 2 radiologists individually 1 month later. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgery shoulder index, Quick Disabilities of Arm Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire, and Constant scores were applied to evaluate the disability and functional status. The correlation between strain ratio and functional scores were investigated.Of the 25 participants, 9 (36%) were men and 16 (64%) were women. The RTSE findings were pathologic in tendons of 23 patients (92%) with SIS. The strain ratio was significantly higher in the affected shoulders (P0.001). The interobserver agreement was good for image analysis. There was no significant correlation between strain ratio and functional scores.Structural changes in the supraspinatus tendon can be demonstrated with RTSE in patients with SIS.

WOS: 000367808500012 PubMed ID: 26342298 The objective of this study was to investigate the role of real-time sonoelastography (RTSE) in patients with lateral epicondylitis (LE) and whether it is associated with clinical parameters. Seventeen patients with unilateral LE were enrolled in the study. The healthy elbows of the participants constituted the control group. Using B-mode ultrasound, color Doppler ultrasound, and RTSE, we prospectively examined 34 common extensor tendon elbows of 17 patients. Both color scales and strain ratio were used for evaluating RTSE images. Two radiologists evaluated the RTSE images separately. Elbow pain was scored on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). Symptom duration and the presence of nocturnal pain were questioned. Quick disabilities of arm shoulder and hand (DASH) Questionnaire was applied to assess the pain, function, and disability. Nottingham health profile (NHP) was used to determine and quantify perceived health problems. Both color scales and strain ratios of the affected tendon portions were significantly different from that of healthy tendons (p < 0.001). There was no significant association between NHP, VAS, Quick DASH scores, and color scales and strain ratio. Strain ratio of the medial portion of the affected tendon was significantly correlated with symptom duration (rho = -0.61 p = 0.010) and nocturnal pain (rho = 0.522 p = 0.031). Interobserver agreement was substantial for color scales (kappa = 0.74, p = 0.001) and strain ratio (ICC = 0.61, p = 0.031). RTSE may facilitate differentiation between healthy and affected elbows as a feasible and practical supplementary method with substantial interobserver agreement. RTSE was superior to B-mode ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound in discriminating tendons with LE. Strain ratio of the medial portion of the tendon is associated moderately with nocturnal pain and symptom duration. No other associations were present between RTSE findings and clinical or functional parameters.

Introduction/Background Current evidence suggests that enhanced core stability increase lower extremity function and promote postural stability. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between ulrasonographic thickness of transversus abdominis muscle (TrA), which is one of the core muscle, and static and dynamic balance and core endurance in healthy collegiate males. Material and method Healthy collegiate males who had not suffered any orthopedic injury in the past year were enrolled the study. The thickness of TrA was measured at rest and during contraction on both dominant and nondominant side using ultrasound. Also percentage of change in TrA thickness was calculated as [(thickness(contraction) − thickness(rest))/thickness(rest)] × 100. The static and dynamic balance parameters were evaluated with a balance system (Korebalance Mobile System). Core endurance (CE) was also assessed using trunk extensor test, bilateral side bridge tests and the core muscle strength and stability test. Results Sixty males were assessed during the study. Their mean age was 22.20 ± 1.77 years and mean body mass index was 23.53 ± 2.93 kg/m2. Dominant side TrA muscle thickness at rest was correlated with dynamic balance (r = −0.319, P = 0.013) whereas no correlation for dominant side TrA muscle thickness at contraction. Nondominant side TrA muscle thickness at rest was correlated with core endurance (r = 0.350, P = 0.006) wheras no correlation for nondominant side TrA muscle thickness at contraction. Percentage of change in dominant side TrA thickness was correlated with dynamic balance (r = 0.464, P = 0.000). Percentage of change in nondominant side TrA thickness was correlated with core endurance (r = −0.361, P = 0.005). Conclusion According to our results, muscle thickness of TrA is associated with postural balance and core endurance. Training to increase the muscle mass of the TrA would be useful to improve balance parameters. Further prospective studies are warranted to investigate the effects of the training of TrA and core endurance on postural balance and athletic performance.

Introduction/Background Core muscles contribute to general spine stabilization when the trunk is exposed to flexion and extension moments. It is thought that movements begin from the center of the body (called the “powerhouse” or “core”) and flow outward to the extremities, and a strong core strengthens the whole body. Few studies have examined the relationship between core endurance and upper extremity performance and most of the studies have been done in athletes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between core endurance, and upper extremity performance in sedentary collegiate males. Material and method Sedentary collegiate males who had not suffered any orthopedic injury in the past year were enrolled the study. Core endurance (CE) was evaluated using Trunk Extensor Test, Bilateral Side Bridge Tests, and The Core Muscle Strength and Stability test. The results of the core endurance tests were compared with several upper extremity performance measurements: The Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (bilaterally in medial, inferolateral, and superolateral directions-UQYBT), Close Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUES test), medicine ball throws test (forward, reverse, right, and left in static and dynamic positions), hand grip strength, and Nelson hand reaction test. Results Eighty-three males were assessed during the study. Their mean age was 22.07 ± 1.89 year (range: 18–25) and mean body mass index was 23.77 ± 3.26 kg/m2 (range: 17.67–36.11). We observed low correlations between the CE tests and UQYBT (r range = 0.220 − 0.393, P Conclusion The results of this study imply that the core endurance is related to the upper extremity performance in closed kinetic chain but not with open kinetic chain functions, where only distal extremity performance is present.