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Background: Recent studies have demonstrated the role of micronutrients in the manifestation of comorbidities associated with obesity. Vitamin D deficiency, in particular, appears to be associated with increased levels of inflammatory markers, which may lead to chronic low-grade inflammation, elevating the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of observational studies conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin D deficiency on inflammatory markers in obese subjects. Methodology: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the “STROBE” and PRISMA recommendations. Observational studies that evaluated the effect of vitamin D status on inflammatory markers in obese subjects were selected and reviewed. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, SciVerse Scopus, and Web of Science databases from February 21 to 22, 2018. Results: After the selection and removal of duplicate articles, 10 eligible articles were identified. Results from eight observational studies showed an association between vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency in the body and increased concentrations of inflammatory markers in obese individuals. On the other hand, two of the studies did not demonstrate any correlation. With regard to the inflammatory markers evaluated, eight studies showed high concentrations of ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein, five studies found an increase in interleukin-6 concentrations, and two studies noted increased levels of tumor necrosis factor. Conclusion: The data presented in this systematic review provide evidence of the association between vitamin D deficiency and increased inflammation in obesity.

RESUMO: O objetivo foi identificar na literatura científica quais as intervenções de educação alimentar e nutricional promovem a redução das medidas antropométricas em escolares. Métodos: revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: PUBMED, SCIELO (Biblioteca Científica Eletrônica em Linha) e LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde). Os termos de busca utilizados nos descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e MESH: child AND food AND nutrition educativo AND obesity. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de outubro e novembro de 2021. Conclusão: as estratégias que tiveram mais resultados para redução de medidas em escolares, com bases nos estudos coletados, foram a distribuição de panfletos e encontros com os escolares na qual foram abordados temas sobre as proporções de alimentação saudável; Jogo didático e palestras semanas abordando temas pertinentes à alimentação saudável; oficinas educativas de elaboração de lanches com frutas e o desenvolvidos de programas de educação em saúde com tópicos de nutrição e atividade física. A introdução das ações de educação alimentar nutricional devem ser feitas desde o início da vida escolar para que os indivíduos desenvolvam o interesse e curiosidade pelos alimentos e assim possam adquirir hábitos saudáveis para a manutenção do peso corporal de forma adequada.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T17:23:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-02-01 NIH FAPEPI Purpose: To analyze peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and psychophysiological parameters in youth badminton athletes during the season and to determine the relationship between variables. Methods: Fourteen young badminton athletes were assessed over the season (preseason, middle season, and final season). Serum BDNF (sBDNF) was determined during the preseason and final season. Sleep time, total physical activity, and time in vigorous activity were measured using an accelerometer. The fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, fat mass, handgrip strength, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO(2)max), and dietary intake were evaluated during the season. The Stroop Color and Word Test was employed to assess cognitive tasks. To evaluate the mood, the Brunel Mood Scale was used. Results: There were lower sBDNF levels (-16.3% [46.8%]; P= .007) and sleep time (final season = 5.7 [1.1] vs preseason = 6.6 [1.1] h-night(-1), P = .043) during the end of the season. The total calories and carbohydrate intake decreased across the season (P < .05). Conversely, better cognitive function was found in the final season with respect to the preseason (P < .05). There were significant correlations between BDNF and VO(2)max only in the preseason (r= .61, P = .027), but no significant relationship was found among sBDNF and cognitive performance, sleep time, and percentage of won games. Conclusions: Youth badminton athletes decreased their sBDNF levels, sleep time, carbohydrate, and calorie intake across the season. The athletes improved in cognitive function; however, only the females improved in body composition, and the males improved their VO(2)max in the middle season. The sBDNF levels were positively correlated with the VO(2)max in the preseason, and no correlations were observed among the sBDNF and psychological parameters, sleep time, and sport performance during the season. Fed Univ Piaui UFPI, Immunometab Skeletal Muscle & Exercise Res Grp, Dept Phys Educ, Teresina, Brazil Univ Autonoma Baja California, Fac Deportes Campus Ensenada, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Exercise & Immunometab Res Gmup, Dept Phys Educ,Sch Technol & Sci, Presidente Prudente, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Dept Phys Educ, Presidente Prudente, Brazil Univ Santo Amaro, Hlth Sci Program, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Bipolar Disorder Program PROMAN, Med Sch, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Biophys & Physiol, Campus Minister Petronio Portela, Teresina, Brazil Univ Fed Piaui, Hlth Sci Program, Campus Minister Petronio Portela, Teresina, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Exercise & Immunometab Res Gmup, Dept Phys Educ,Sch Technol & Sci, Presidente Prudente, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Dept Phys Educ, Presidente Prudente, Brazil NIH: Z01 DK071013 FAPEPI: 007/2018

A grande preocupação com a qualidade da água é decorrente da poluição hídrica, sendo um dos motivos que levam grande parte da população mundial ao consumo de água proveniente de fontes minerais. Água mineral é caracterizada pelo conteúdo de sais minerais, pela presença de oligoelementos e outros constituintes. Sendo assim, o estudo teve como objetivo determinar as características físico-químicas de águas minerais disponíveis no mercado da cidade de Teresina-PI e verificar se estas características encontram-se em conformidade com a atual legislação brasileira. As amostras foram obtidas no comércio local na cidade de Teresina-PI onde as análises de pH, turbidez, condutividade elétrica, alcalinidade e dureza foram realizadas no Laboratório de Bromatologia do IFPI Teresina campus central seguido de análises estatísticas realizadas através do programa Microsoft Excel 2010. Apenas os parâmetros de pH e Turbidez são parâmetros físico-químicos específicos para água mineral. Todas as marcas apresentaram pH e turbidez dentro do aceito legalmente. Para as características físico-químicas abordadas nessa pesquisa exigidas pela RDC 54/2000, pela Portaria 518/2004 e pela Portaria 2914/2011 as marcas analisadas estão aptas para o consumo humano.

At the end of 2019, the new coronavirus 2019 emerged in Wuhan, China, being responsible for the COVID-19 disease, which causes several clinical conditions ranging from mild nonspecific symptoms to severe pneumonia with damage to organic function. Taking into consideration that a balanced diet can significantly help patients in the control of chronic infectious diseases, the aim of this study was to discuss and present recent data regarding the role of vitamins A, C, D, and E, and the minerals zinc and selenium in the treatment of COVID-19. This is a narrative review concerning the aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and data related to vitamins and minerals, as well as its nutritional importance for the treatment of the disease. The alterations caused by the deficiency of plasma concentrations of vitamins and minerals involve the reduction of the good performance of the immune system, which is one of the factors that lead to a deficient immune state. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between micronutrients and infection caused by COVID-19.

A pandemia da doença do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) surgiu no fim de 2019 em Wuhan, China, e rapidamente se alastrou ao redor de todo o globo. Considerando sua rápida taxa de transmissão, a COVID-19 tornou-se uma ameaça à saúde pública mundial. Portanto, ideias objetivas baseadas em evidências científicas devem ser propostas para o tratamento de pacientes infectados. A vitamina D é um hormônio que apresenta função importante na regulação da função do sistema imune. As principais fontes de obtenção da Vitamina D são a alimentação e do processo de síntese no organismo iniciado na pele, através de fotorreação mediada pela luz solar, em que a pré-vitamina D isomeriza-se em pró-vitamina D. Posteriormente, é metabolizada no fígado em 25-hidroxivitamina D, e convertida no rim em sua forma ativa, a 1,25-dihidroxivitamina D. Por conta do seu papel chave na melhoria da resposta imune, a Vitamina D pode afetar positivamente o tratamento de diversas doenças infectocontagiosas, tais como a influenza e H1N1. Esta revisão tem como objetivo informar sobre o uso de Vitamina D como possível aliado no tratamento da COVID-19. Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão apontam que a vitamina D pode exercer funções imunomoduladoras e anti-inflamatórias, que beneficiam significativamente o tratamento de infecções virais. Recomenda-se que ensaios clínicos randomizados e estudos populacionais amplos sejam conduzidos para melohr elucidar o papel efetivo da Vitamina D no tratamento de pacientes com COVID-19.

Introdução: A literatura tem evidenciado um aumento na prevalência de crianças com alergia à proteína do leite de vaca (APLV) e o seu tratamento consiste em retirar esse alimento e seus derivados da dieta e na substituição por fórmulas à base de proteína isolada de soja ou de fórmulas hidrolisadas. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do uso de fórmulas nutricionais em crianças com APLV. Metodologia: A busca e seleção dos artigos seguiram as recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviewsand Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), utilizou-se as palavras-chaves: “milk hypersensitivity”, “food hypersensitivity, hydrolyzed”, “vegetal protein”, “vegetal protein”, “soy bean proteins” em combinação ou isoladas, nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scopus e Science direct. Resultados: Nove artigos foram incluídos, sendo seis ensaios clínicos, um estudo de coorte, um estudo observacional e um estudo multicêntrico. Foram testadas: fórmula de proteína extensamente hidrolisada, fórmula à base de aminoácidos e fórmula à base de soja. Sendo que em 3 estudos as fórmulas de proteína extensamente hidrolisada e a de aminoácidos foram associadas com probióticos Lactobacillus rhamnosus e tiveram 2 estudos associados com simbióticos. Conclusão: Todos os tipos de fórmulas analisadas contribuíram para melhora nos sintomas relacionados a APLV, sendo os melhores resultados observados para as fórmulas com probióticos. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos que avaliem os efeitos dos probióticos adicionados em fórmulas nutricionais para o tratamento de APLV, seu potencial precisa ser melhor avaliado, principalmente em estudos a longo prazo.

This work assessed the effects of a 28-day treatment with lycopene-rich extract (LRE) from red guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) on the lipid profile and oxidative stress in an experimental model of dyslipidemia. Male hamsters (116.5 ± 2.16 g) were fed with the AIN 93G diet containing casein (20%), coconut fat (13.5%) and cholesterol (0.1%). The animals were divided into four groups: normolipidemic control (standard feed, NC, n = 7), hypercholesterolemic control (HC, n = 7), LRE 25 mg/kg/day (LRE-25, n = 7) and LRE 50 mg/kg/day (LRE-50, n = 9). After treatment, plasma concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c), malondialdehyde (MDA-p) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD-e) and the atherogenic index, were determined. Malondialdehyde (MDA-h), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-h) levels were assessed. Feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) were also determined. The LRE-25 group presented significantly lower TG levels and atherogenic index than did the HC group (p &lt, 0.05). Both LRE-25 and LRE-50 groups presented lower levels of MDA-p and MPO than did the HC group (p &lt, 0.05). LRE demonstrated a promising effect against dyslipidemia and oxidative stress.

This work assessed the effects of a 28-day treatment with lycopene-rich extract (LRE) from red guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) on the lipid profile and oxidative stress in an experimental model of dyslipidemia. Male hamsters (116.5 ± 2.16 g) were fed with the AIN 93G diet containing casein (20%), coconut fat (13.5%) and cholesterol (0.1%). The animals were divided into four groups: normolipidemic control (standard feed; NC, n = 7); hypercholesterolemic control (HC, n = 7); LRE 25 mg/kg/day (LRE-25, n = 7) and LRE 50 mg/kg/day (LRE-50, n = 9). After treatment, plasma concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c), malondialdehyde (MDA-p) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD-e) and the atherogenic index, were determined. Malondialdehyde (MDA-h), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-h) levels were assessed. Feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) were also determined. The LRE-25 group presented significantly lower TG levels and atherogenic index than did the HC group (p < 0.05). Both LRE-25 and LRE-50 groups presented lower levels of MDA-p and MPO than did the HC group (p < 0.05). LRE demonstrated a promising effect against dyslipidemia and oxidative stress.