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9. Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcome of Pre-engraftment Gram-Negative Bacteremia After Allogeneic and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Italian Prospective Multicenter Survey

Author

Girmenia, C, Bertaina, A, Piciocchi, A, Perruccio, K, Algarotti, A, Busca, A, Cattaneo, C, Raiola, Am, Guidi, S, Iori, Ap, Candoni, A, Irrera, G, Milone, G, Marcacci, G, Scimè, R, Musso, M, Cudillo, L, Sica, S, Castagna, L, Corradini, P, Marchesi, F, Pastore, D, Alessandrino, Ep, Annaloro, C, Ciceri, F, Santarone, S, Nassi, L, Farina, C, Viscoli, C, Rossolini, Gm, Bonifazi, F, Rambaldi, A, Capria, S, Mastronuzzi, A, Pagliara, D, Bernaschi, P, Amico, L, Carotti, A, Mencacci, A, Bruno, B, Costa, C, Passi, A, Ravizzola, G, Angelucci, E, Marchese, A, Pecile, P, Ventura, G, Fanin, R, Scarparo, C, Barbaro, A, Leotta, S, Marchese, Ae, Becchimanzi, C, Donnarumma, D, Tringali, S, Baldi, Mt, Scalone, R, Picardi, A, Arcese, W, Fontana, C, Giammarco, S, Spanu, T, Crocchiolo, R, Casari, E, Mussetti, A, Conte, E, Ensoli, F, Miragliotta, G, Marone, P, Arghittu, M, Greco, R, Forcina, A, Chichero, P, Di Bartolomeo, P, Fazii, P, Kroumova, V, Decembrino, N, Zecca, M, Pisapia, G, Palazzo, G, Lanino, E, Faraci, M, Castagnola, E, Bandettini, R, Pastano, R, Sammassimo, S, Passerini, R, Stefani, Pm, Gherlinzoni, F, Rigoli, R, Prezioso, L, Cambò, B, Calderaro, A, Carella, Am, Cascavilla, N, Labonia, Mt, Celeghini, I, Mordini, N, Piana, F, Vacca, A, Sanna, M, Podda, G, Corsetti, Mt, Rocchetti, A, Cilloni, D, De Gobbi, M, Bianco, O, Fagioli, F, Carraro, F, De Intinis, G, Severino, A, Proia, A, Parisi, G, Vallisa, D, Confalonieri, M, Russo, D, Malagola, M, Galieni, P, Falcioni, S, Travaglini, V, Raimondi, R, Borghero, C, Pavan, G, Prete, A, Belotti, T, Ambretti, S, Imola, M, Mianulli, Am, Pedna, Mf, Cesaro, S, Lo Cascio, G, Ferrari, A, Piedimonte, M, Santino, I, Calandrelli, M, Olivieri, A, Orecchioni, F, Mirabile, M, Centurioni, R, Gironacci, L, Caravelli, D, Gallo, S, De Filippi, M, Cupelli, L, Dentamaro, T, Falco, S, Eugenio, Os, Marotta, S, Risitano, A, Lula, D, Musto, P, Pietrantuono, G, Traficante, A, Cerchiara, E, Tirindelli, Mc, Dicuonzo, G, Chierichini, A, Anaclerico, B, and Placanica, P.

Published
2017

10. Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcome of Pre-engraftment Gram-Negative Bacteremia after Allogeneic and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Italian Prospective Multicenter Survey

Author

Girmenia, C., Bertaina, A., Piciocchi, A., Perruccio, K., Algarotti, A., Busca, A., Cattaneo, C., Raiola, A. M., Guidi, S., Iori, A. P., Candoni, A., Irrera, G., Milone, G., Marcacci, G., Scime, R., Musso, M., Cudillo, L., Sica, Simona, Castagna, Luigi, Corradini, P., Marchesi, F., Pastore, D., Alessandrino, E. P., Annaloro, C., Ciceri, F., Santarone, S., Nassi, L., Farina, C., Viscoli, C., Rossolini, G. M., Bonifazi, F., Rambaldi, A., Capria, S., Mastronuzzi, A., Pagliara, D., Bernaschi, P., Amico, L., Carotti, A., Mencacci, A., Bruno, Brunella, Costa, C., Passi, A., Ravizzola, G., Angelucci, E., Marchese, Alessandra Maria, Pecile, P., Ventura, Giulio, Fanin, R., Scarparo, C., Barbaro, A., Leotta, Salvatore Nuccio, Marchese, A. E., Becchimanzi, C., Donnarumma, D., Tringali, S., Baldi, M. T., Scalone, R., Picardi, A., Arcese, W., Fontana, Cecilia Alejandra, Giammarco, S., Spanu, Teresa, Crocchiolo, R., Casari, E., Mussetti, A., Conte, Eliana, Ensoli, F., Miragliotta, G., Marone, P., Arghittu, M., Greco, R., Forcina, A., Chichero, P., Di Bartolomeo, P., Fazii, P., Kroumova, V., Decembrino, N., Zecca, M., Pisapia, Giovanni, Palazzo, G., Lanino, E., Faraci, M., Castagnola, E., Bandettini, R., Pastano, R., Sammassimo, S., Passerini, R., Stefani, P. M., Gherlinzoni, F., Rigoli, R., Prezioso, L., Cambo, B., Calderaro, A., Carella, A. M., Cascavilla, N., Labonia, M. T., Celeghini, I., Mordini, N., Piana, F., Vacca, A., Sanna, Maria Maddalena, Podda, G., Corsetti, M. T., Rocchetti, A., Cilloni, D., De Gobbi, M., Bianco, O., Fagioli, F., Carraro, F., De Intinis, G., Severino, A., Proia, Anna Silvia, Parisi, G., Vallisa, D., Confalonieri, Marco, Russo, D., Malagola, M., Galieni, P., Falcioni, S., Travaglini, V., Raimondi, Maria Rosa, Borghero, C., Pavan, Giuseppe, Prete, A., Belotti, T., Ambretti, S., Imola, M., Mianulli, A. M., Pedna, M. F., Cesaro, S., Lo Cascio, G., Ferrari, A., Piedimonte, M., Santino, I., Calandrelli, M., Olivieri, Alessandra, Orecchioni, F., Mirabile, M., Centurioni, R., Gironacci, L., Caravelli, D., Gallo, S., De Filippi, M., Cupelli, L., Dentamaro, T., Falco, S., Eugenio, O. S., Marotta, S., Risitano, A., Lula, D., Musto, P., Pietrantuono, G., Traficante, A., Cerchiara, E., Tirindelli, M. C., Dicuonzo, G., Chierichini, A., Anaclerico, B., Placanica, P., Sica S. (ORCID:0000-0003-2426-3465), Castagna L., Bruno B., Marchese A., Ventura G. (ORCID:0000-0002-0304-7264), Leotta S., Fontana C., Spanu T. (ORCID:0000-0003-1864-5184), Conte E., Pisapia G., Sanna M., Proia A., Confalonieri M. (ORCID:0000-0002-3708-379X), Raimondi R., Pavan G., Olivieri A., Girmenia, C., Bertaina, A., Piciocchi, A., Perruccio, K., Algarotti, A., Busca, A., Cattaneo, C., Raiola, A. M., Guidi, S., Iori, A. P., Candoni, A., Irrera, G., Milone, G., Marcacci, G., Scime, R., Musso, M., Cudillo, L., Sica, Simona, Castagna, Luigi, Corradini, P., Marchesi, F., Pastore, D., Alessandrino, E. P., Annaloro, C., Ciceri, F., Santarone, S., Nassi, L., Farina, C., Viscoli, C., Rossolini, G. M., Bonifazi, F., Rambaldi, A., Capria, S., Mastronuzzi, A., Pagliara, D., Bernaschi, P., Amico, L., Carotti, A., Mencacci, A., Bruno, Brunella, Costa, C., Passi, A., Ravizzola, G., Angelucci, E., Marchese, Alessandra Maria, Pecile, P., Ventura, Giulio, Fanin, R., Scarparo, C., Barbaro, A., Leotta, Salvatore Nuccio, Marchese, A. E., Becchimanzi, C., Donnarumma, D., Tringali, S., Baldi, M. T., Scalone, R., Picardi, A., Arcese, W., Fontana, Cecilia Alejandra, Giammarco, S., Spanu, Teresa, Crocchiolo, R., Casari, E., Mussetti, A., Conte, Eliana, Ensoli, F., Miragliotta, G., Marone, P., Arghittu, M., Greco, R., Forcina, A., Chichero, P., Di Bartolomeo, P., Fazii, P., Kroumova, V., Decembrino, N., Zecca, M., Pisapia, Giovanni, Palazzo, G., Lanino, E., Faraci, M., Castagnola, E., Bandettini, R., Pastano, R., Sammassimo, S., Passerini, R., Stefani, P. M., Gherlinzoni, F., Rigoli, R., Prezioso, L., Cambo, B., Calderaro, A., Carella, A. M., Cascavilla, N., Labonia, M. T., Celeghini, I., Mordini, N., Piana, F., Vacca, A., Sanna, Maria Maddalena, Podda, G., Corsetti, M. T., Rocchetti, A., Cilloni, D., De Gobbi, M., Bianco, O., Fagioli, F., Carraro, F., De Intinis, G., Severino, A., Proia, Anna Silvia, Parisi, G., Vallisa, D., Confalonieri, Marco, Russo, D., Malagola, M., Galieni, P., Falcioni, S., Travaglini, V., Raimondi, Maria Rosa, Borghero, C., Pavan, Giuseppe, Prete, A., Belotti, T., Ambretti, S., Imola, M., Mianulli, A. M., Pedna, M. F., Cesaro, S., Lo Cascio, G., Ferrari, A., Piedimonte, M., Santino, I., Calandrelli, M., Olivieri, Alessandra, Orecchioni, F., Mirabile, M., Centurioni, R., Gironacci, L., Caravelli, D., Gallo, S., De Filippi, M., Cupelli, L., Dentamaro, T., Falco, S., Eugenio, O. S., Marotta, S., Risitano, A., Lula, D., Musto, P., Pietrantuono, G., Traficante, A., Cerchiara, E., Tirindelli, M. C., Dicuonzo, G., Chierichini, A., Anaclerico, B., Placanica, P., Sica S. (ORCID:0000-0003-2426-3465), Castagna L., Bruno B., Marchese A., Ventura G. (ORCID:0000-0002-0304-7264), Leotta S., Fontana C., Spanu T. (ORCID:0000-0003-1864-5184), Conte E., Pisapia G., Sanna M., Proia A., Confalonieri M. (ORCID:0000-0002-3708-379X), Raimondi R., Pavan G., and Olivieri A.

Abstract

Background Gram-negative bacteremia (GNB) is a major cause of illness and death after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and updated epidemiological investigation is advisable. Methods We prospectively evaluated the epidemiology of pre-engraftment GNB in 1118 allogeneic HSCTs (allo-HSCTs) and 1625 autologous HSCTs (auto-HSCTs) among 54 transplant centers during 2014 (SIGNB-GITMO-AMCLI study). Using logistic regression methods. we identified risk factors for GNB and evaluated the impact of GNB on the 4-month overall-survival after transplant. Results The cumulative incidence of pre-engraftment GNB was 17.3% in allo-HSCT and 9% in auto-HSCT. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common isolates. By multivariate analysis, variables associated with GNB were a diagnosis of acute leukemia, a transplant from a HLA-mismatched donor and from cord blood, older age, and duration of severe neutropenia in allo-HSCT, and a diagnosis of lymphoma, older age, and no antibacterial prophylaxis in auto-HSCT. A pretransplant infection by a resistant pathogen was significantly associated with an increased risk of posttransplant infection by the same microorganism in allo-HSCT. Colonization by resistant gram-negative bacteria was significantly associated with an increased rate of infection by the same pathogen in both transplant procedures. GNB was independently associated with increased mortality at 4 months both in allo-HSCT (hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-3.13; P <.001) and auto-HSCT (2.43; 1.22-4.84; P =.01). Conclusions Pre-engraftment GNB is an independent factor associated with increased mortality rate at 4 months after auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT. Previous infectious history and colonization monitoring represent major indicators of GNB. Clinical Trials registration NCT02088840.

Published
2017

15. Invasive Candidiasis in Brescia, Italy: Analysis of Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibilities During Seven Years.

Author

Francesco, M., Piccinelli, G., Gelmi, M., Gargiulo, F., Ravizzola, G., Pinsi, G., Peroni, L., Bonfanti, C., and Caruso, A.

Abstract

The aims of this study were to evaluate the epidemiology of nosocomial candidemia in a large teaching hospital in Brescia, Italy, and the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of isolates. We analyzed 196 isolates causing fungemia in patients admitted in our hospital, between January 2009 and December 2015. Strains were identified by VITEK 2 and MALDI-TOF MS. MICs were determined by Sensititre Yeast One. The resistance was defined by using the revised CLSI breakpoints/epidemiological cutoff values to assign susceptibility or wild type to systemic antifungal agents. Most infections were caused by Candida albicans (60%), Candida parapsilosis (15%), Candida glabrata (12%) and Candida tropicalis (6%). The susceptibility rate for fluconazole was 96.5%. Non- Candida species isolates exhibited full susceptibilities to echinocandins according to CLSI breakpoints. Amphotericin B demonstrated excellent activity against all Candida species. Local epidemiological and antifungal susceptibility studies are necessary in order to improve empirical treatment guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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24. A cluster of invasive listeriosis in Brescia, Italy.

Author

Francesco, M., Corbellini, S., Piccinelli, G., Benini, A., Ravizzola, G., Gargiulo, F., Caccuri, F., and Caruso, A.

Subjects
CROSS infection, LISTERIOSIS, GENOTYPES, DIAGNOSIS
Abstract

The article presents a cluster of invasive listeriosis cases at the Spedali Civili Hospital in Brescia, Italy between July 2013 and February 2014. Analysis of different data for each patient with listeriosis is made which takes into account demographic information, days from admission to disease onset, and underlying diseases preceding the onset of the disease. The patients' conditions that increase their susceptibility to invasive listeriosis are also mentioned.

Published
2015
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25. Rapid detection and identification of mycobacteria from blood of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Author

Adolfo Turano, Colombrita D, Ravizzola G, G. Pinsi, R. Li Vigni, and F. Pirali

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, biology, Nucleic acid hybridisation, General Medicine, equipment and supplies, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, Microbiology, Rapid detection, Immune deficiency syndrome, Molecular hybridization, Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Nucleic Acid Probes, Blood, Immunopathology, Sepsis, Immunology, Methods, bacteria, Humans, Viral disease
Abstract

Summary A combination of radiometric broth culture (Bactec 13A) and the Genprobe nucleic acid hybridisation system was used to detect and identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. avium from the blood of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Published
1990

33. In-vitro activity of meropenem against clinical isolates in a multicentre study in Italy.

Author

Schito, G. C., Sanna, A., Chezzi, C., Ravizzola, G., Leone, F., Molinari, G., Menozzi, M. G., and Pirali, F.

Abstract

A multicentre in-vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated in different Italian hospitals to meropenem. A total of 1399 aerobic and 452 anaerobic strains was analysed. Comparative agents were imipenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin, ciprofloxacin, genta-micin, amikacin, plus vancomycin when appropriate. The MIC ranges (mg/l) of meropenem were: 0.015–2 for Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Morganella morganii and Providencia spp.; < 0.008–1 for Escherichia coli; 0.016–32 for Serratia spp.; 0.03–2 for Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp.; 0.03– > 128 for Acinetobacter anitratus; 0.03–32 for Pseudomonas spp.; < 0.008–0.5 for Haemophilia spp. and Neisseria spp.; 0.015–64 for Staphylococcus spp.; 0.06– > 128 for Enterococcus spp.; < 0.008-0-25 for Streptococcus spp.; 0.016–8 for Fusobacterium spp.; 0.03–8 for Bacteroides spp.; < 0.06–0.5 for anaerobic Gram-positive cocci; 0.08–2 for Clostridium spp. Mero-penem exhibited superior antibacterial activity against the aerobic and anaerobic strains tested when compared to the other β-lactam drugs. The new carbapenem was as active as ciprofloxacin and more active than imipencm and the aminoglycosides against Enterobacteriaceae and Ps. aeruginosa. It was also more active than ciprof-loxacin against most strains of Gram-positive cocci. Meropenem was slightly less potent than imipenem against staphylococci and enterococci, with the exception of oxacillin-susceptible Staph. aureus against which meropenem and imipenem exhibited similar antibacterial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1989

34. Reduced virulence in ciprofloxacin-resistant variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Author

Ravizzola, G., Pirali, F., Paolucci, A., Terlenghi, L., Peroni, L., Colombi, A., and Turano, A.

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to ciprofloxacin were obtained from parental strains by serial transfer through subinhibitory concentrations of the drug. They showed reduced virulence for mice, and also increased sensitivity to aminoglycosides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1987

35. In-vitro activity of cefotetan and other cephalosporins on Klebsiella and resistance to inactivating bacterial enzymes.

Author

Ravizzola, G., Caruso, A., Manca, N., Savoldi, E., and Turano, A.

Subjects
ANTIBIOTICS, CEFOTETAN, CEPHALOSPORINS, DRUG stability, HYDROLASES, KLEBSIELLA, MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, IN vitro studies, PHARMACODYNAMICS
Abstract

The effect of cefotetan on different clinical isolates of Klebsiella has been compared to that of other cephalosporins. The post-antibiotic effect and the effect of pulse-dosing of cefotetan were also tested by an original method whereby the antibiotic was removed with an ion-exchange resin. Finally, the resistance of cefotetan to inactivating enzymes of bacterial origin has been compared with that of other cephalosporins. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1983

36. Prevention of urinary tract infections in elderly diabetic patients with cefotetan

Author

Romanelli, Giuseppe, Giustina, Andrea, Cravarezza, P, Zuccato, F, Ravizzola, G, Turano, A., Romanelli, G, Giustina, Andrea, Cravarezza, P, Zuccato, F, Ravizzola, G, and Turano, A.

Subjects
Diabetes Complications, Male, Urinary Tract Infections, Cefotetan, Humans, Female, Bacterial Infections, Middle Aged, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents
Published
1989

43. Antibiotic resistances and plasmids in Staphylococcus aureus from Italian hospitals

Author

C. Bonfanti, A. Turano, Foresti I, Ravizzola G, Rosanna Verardi, M. Gelmi, and Arnaldo Caruso

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), DNA, Bacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Tetracycline, medicine.drug_class, Penicillin Resistance, Antibiotics, EcoRI, Erythromycin, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Methicillin, Plasmid, medicine, Cross Infection, Chloramphenicol, General Medicine, DNA Restriction Enzymes, Antimicrobial, Italy, biology.protein, Gentamicins, medicine.drug, Plasmids
Abstract

SUMMARY A total of 473 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from six Italian hospitals was examined for susceptibility to several antimicrobial agents and for plasmid content. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were characterised by a plasmid of mol. wt (106) 18–22 or 25 that carried the determinants for penicillinase production, resistance to cadmium ions and resistance to tetracycline. MRSA isolates usually harboured other smaller plasmids of mol. wt (106) 2·8, 2·6 and 1·65 that encoded resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and erythromycin, respectively, and cryptic plasmids of mol. wt (106) c. 2 and 1 were found frequently. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) that produced penicillinase often carried plasmids of mol. wt (106) 11 or 13. No particular difference was found in plasmid patterns of strains from the various sources. Analysis of plasmids by EcoRI digestion showed that plasmids of similar mol. wt and phenotypic characteristics may have different restriction patterns, but often share one or more fragments in common.

Published
1987

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