64 results on '"Ravi Rohilla"'
Search Results
2. Eating behaviours and perception about body shape among adolescent girls of Panjab University, Chandigarh
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Harleen Kaur, Naveen Krishan Goel, Manoj Kumar Sharma, Ravi Rohilla, Mamta Bishnoi, and Ravneet Kaur
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adolescent ,body mass index ,body shape ,eating disorders ,female ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Introduction: Indians are experiencing nutritional and lifestyle transitions due to globalization and westernization. The study aimed to find out the current eating patterns and body shape concerns and various factors that influence eating behaviors and body shape concerns of late-adolescent girls. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 undergraduate adolescent girl university students from 12 departments in the age group of 17–19 years. Eating attitude and body shape concerns of adolescents were determined by using the standard eating attitude test-26 (EAT-26) and body shape questionnaire (BSQ-34). Results: The duration of the study was 6 months and participants were selected by simple random sampling. The mean age of the study subjects was 18.52 (±0.63) years. The majority of subjects had an urban background (85%). Less than half had an exercise routine (44%) which was followed daily. As per body mass index (BMI) distribution, 19.57% were underweight, 11.3% were overweight and only 2.17% were obese. An unfavorable eating attitude was found in 18% of subjects whereas 38.2% had mild to the marked concern of body shape. There was a significant positive correlation between BSQ with BMI (r = 0.387, P ≤ 0.01) and BSQ-34 with EAT-26 (r = 0.367, P ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: Current study shows that late adolescent urban females are susceptible to eating disorders and are body image conscious. Institutional mechanisms should be brought in place to address the need of improving their eating habits and modification of lifestyle.
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- 2023
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3. Development and psychometric testing of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding COVID-19 among patients attending COVID screening outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in North India
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Nidhi Chauhan, Ravi Rohilla, Deepak Aggarwal, Sumeesha Jaswal, Abhayraj Singh, and Priti Arun
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attitudes and practices ,covid ,knowledge ,psychometric testing ,questionnaire development ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 ,Industrial psychology ,HF5548.7-5548.85 - Abstract
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has hit the world leading to major disruptions globally. Due to its highly contagious nature and associated mortality, a wide array of emotional and behavioral reactions were seen which indirectly reflected the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of individuals. Understanding the KAP of individuals is fundamental when it comes to decreasing future COVID cases. Aim: The study aimed to develop a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire regarding COVID-19 (COVID-KAPQ) among patients attending screening outpatient department (OPD) in a tertiary care hospital in North India and evaluate its psychometric properties. Materials and Methods: The study procedure consisted of step-wise procedure starting with item generation, expert evaluation for categorization of items into domains of KAP and testing for psychometric properties. The items were generated and evaluated by the Delphi method based on 8 experts. Reliability and validity were assessed using data from 200 patients attending COVID screening OPD. Content validity was evaluated using content validity index (CVI); construct validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was computed for internal consistency. Results: The final COVID-KAPQ consisted of three domains and 29 items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire was 0.734, 0.710 for knowledge domain, 0.614 for attitudes domain, and 0.759 for practice domain. CVI ranged from 0.86 to 1. Five factors each for knowledge and attitudes domain and two factors for practice domain were extracted by principal factor analysis and varimax rotation, with a cumulative contribution of 70.19%, 71.54%, and 66.77% variance in KAP domain. Conclusions: A questionnaire COVID-KAPQ (KAP regarding COVID-19) was developed. Psychometric testing indicated that it had adequate validity and reliability for use in COVID research in the general population. This questionnaire might help the public health researchers to map the level of KAP in the population and plan awareness and prevention strategies accordingly.
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- 2022
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4. Prevalence and predictors of low bone mineral density among adults aged 50 years and above in Chandigarh, India
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Meenu Kalia, Ruchi Chaturvedi, Ravi Rohilla, Parneet K Grover, Naveen K Goel, Manjesh Dalal, and Ravneet Kaur
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dexa ,low bone mineral density ,osteopenia ,osteoporosis ,screening ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis, defined as skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone density and strength, is prevalent in both developing and developed countries. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is an effective tool to diagnose low bone mineral density (BMD). Objective: This study objective was to know the prevalence and predictors of low BMD in a community-based screening program among the adult population using DEXA scan. Methods: In this community-based study conducted between January and June 2016, a population-based screening program was offered to both males and females of age 50 years and above. BMD was measured to derive T-scores and classify as normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic individuals. Results: A total of 455 subjects were enrolled where 62.4% proportion was women; 42.6% subjects were in the age group of 50 to 59 years. The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 20.9% and 48.1%, respectively. Hypertension (23.7%) and diabetes (8.4%) were common comorbidities. Age and gender (female) were independent predictors of low BMD. Conclusion: Osteoporosis/osteopenia is present in both genders with increasing trend with age advancement. Institution of timely screening will prevent the morbidity associated with fractures due to low BMD.
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- 2022
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5. Introducing communication skills training among interns using attitude, ethics, and communication module
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Meenu Kalia, Ravi Rohilla, Amrit Virk, and Naveen Krishan Goel
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communication skills ,competency ,interns ,medical education ,patient care ,training ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Communication skills are the backbone for patient care services such as patient interviews, counseling the patient, and explaining treatment options. The present study was conceived to evaluate the communication training program and perceptions of medical interns and faculty regarding the same. Methodology: Sixty medical interns were included in this cross-sectional study. Training on communication skills was imparted which was later assessed on the basis of Kalamazoo scale. Attitude of the interns regarding communication skill training was assessed using Rees and Sheard Scale. The attitude of faculty regarding introduction of communication skill was also assessed. Results: The mean score on Kalamazoo Consensus Scale was 19.65 ± 4.97 with a range of 10–29. Females had a higher score (21.09 ± 5.80) as compared to males (17.88 ± 3.21), but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.157). The mean score for positive and negative attitude scale was 59.15 ± 5.51 and 25.20 ± 9.60. Conclusion: The ability to communicate effectively is a core competency expected of medical graduates and communication skills training of medical students and interns with the help of didactic lectures, role plays, and videos, etc., can go a long way in improving their communication skills.
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- 2022
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6. Anxiety and depression in the elderly due to COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study
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Subhash Das, Priti Arun, Ravi Rohilla, Kantadorshi Parashar, and Aratrika Roy
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Anxiety ,Comorbidity ,COVID-19 ,Depression ,Elderly ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background The elderly are a vulnerable section of the population who are prone to physical, mental, social, and economic deprivation. The effect of COVID-19 had a worldwide impact on all age groups, with a particularly higher mortality and morbidity rate among the elderly population. The present study was undertaken to know about the psychological morbidity in the geriatric population during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was cross-sectional and was done through a telephonic survey. Eligible elderly subjects were contacted telephonically, and the Geriatric Anxiety Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale were administered. To evaluate the functional ability of elderly subjects, the Everyday Abilities Scale for India (EASI) scale was administered. For the telephonic survey, verbal consent was sought. Results A total of 92 elderly subjects were included. Male outnumbered the females with a ratio of 1.8:1. Spouse and children were primary caregivers in 83.7% of the subjects. 90.2% were married, and 66.3% had earned a graduate/professional level of education. Chronic illness was present in 50% of subjects. The most common co-morbidities were hypertension (27.2%) and diabetes (21.7%). The proportion of elderly with anxiety and depression was 8.7% and 15.2% respectively. Conclusion The elderly showed lower levels of anxiety and depression. Higher resilience among the elderly and good family support may be the reasons for such an unexpected finding. However, more studies are required to validate the findings of the current study.
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- 2021
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7. The Social Capital among Elderly Population of Chandigarh: Cross Sectional Study
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Kiranjit Kaur, Naveen Krishan Goel, Manoj Kumar Sharma, Navpreet Singh, Mamta Bishnoi, and Ravi Rohilla
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communityelderly ,self report ,onyx bullen scale ,social capital ,social participation ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Introduction: Social capital is defined as social cohesion among communities. This refers to processes between people which establish network, social trust and co-operation and mutual benefit. The present study was conducted to know the status of social capital among elderly population of Chandigarh city, India. Methods: The study was conducted from January to April 2017. The study was community based using convenience sampling. A total of 300 elderly subjects were selected for interview from the electoral rolls. The survey instrument was modified Onyx and Bullen scale consisting of 30 items with responses on likert scale from 1-4. Results: Mean age of respondents was 66.47 years. Male: Female ratio was 1.4:1. 45.7% owned their residence whereas 54.3% lived as tenants. Social capital score of majorities of elderly was good (63.7%) followed by average (19.3%).Highest mean scores were received for questions namely: would you help someone if their vehicle breaks down (3.03±0.69), do you agree to helping yourself when you help others (3.15±0.78) and have you visited your neighborhood in the past week (3.01±0.82). Poorest scorewere received for questions: while on shopping, are likely to run into friends (1.11±0.53) and have you done a favor for a sick neighbor in last 6 months (1.33±0.53). Conclusion: Social capital status among elderly of Chandigarh city was good andhigher scores were seenamong males. Highest mean scores were seen in factor 4 (proactivity in social context) and lowest among family and factor 5 (friend’s connections).
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- 2021
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8. Do spino-pelvic parameters play a role in development of chronic low backache: A prospective analysis
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Roop Singh, Sushil K Yadav, Rohtas K Yadav, Jitendra Wadhwani, Rajesh K Rohilla, and Ravi Rohilla
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low back pain ,lumbar lordosis angle ,pelvic incidence ,spino-pelvic alignment ,Orthopedic surgery ,RD701-811 - Abstract
Introduction: The sagittal spino-pelvic alignment patterns are still poorly understood in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP). Clinical observations suggest that aberrations of posture may play a role in the development of LBP. This study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate spino-pelvic parameters in patients with LBP and with a hypothesis that variation in these may predispose to LBP. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients (26 men and 24 women) with mean age 33.54 ± 8.33 years with a history of LBP of minimum 3 consecutive months constituted the study group and were subjected to standing sagittal spino-pelvic radiographs. Data were analyzed and compared with normative data. Results: The mean values of pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis angle (LLA) were 48.52 ± 8.99 and 58.78 ± 9.51, respectively. The correlation of PI with lumbosacral angle (LSA), age, body mass index (BMI), and gender was not significant, but a significant correlation was observed with LLA, pelvic angle (PA), pelvic overhang (PO), pelvic tilt (PT), sacrofemoral distance (SFD), sacral horizontal angle (SHA), and sacropelvic translation (SPT). Sacral inclination angle (SIA), SHA, and PI were found to be significantly positively correlated with LLA, whereas pelvisacral angle (PSA), sacropelvic angle (PRS1), and SPT were found to be significantly negatively correlated. Statistically significant difference was observed only regarding pelvic thickness (PTH) and pelvic radius (PR) between patients with chronic LBP and healthy population. Conclusion: Most significant parameters (PI and LLA) used in spino-pelvic balance assessment have a positive significant correlation with majority of the other parameters and the harmony between them help in maintaining normal spinal column stability and alignment. Variation in some of the spino-pelvic parameters (PTH and PR) may predispose to LBP by putting stresses on the spinal column components and stabilizers.
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- 2021
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9. Biomedical waste management practices in health centers in Chandigarh, India
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Meenu Kalia, Naveen Krishan Goel, Ravi Rohilla, Dinesh Walia, and Navpreet Singh
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biomedical waste ,knowledge ,practice ,segregation ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biological products, is defined as biomedical waste (BMW). The World Health Organization states that 85% of hospital is nonhazardous. Ten percent of the remaining waste is infectious and 5% is noninfectious but hazardous wastes. Thus, about 15%–35% of hospital waste is regulated as infectious waste. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the awareness, attitude, and practices of medical officers and paramedical workers regarding BMW management. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the dispensaries of Chandigarh city. The study participants included the medical officers and paramedical health workers working in the public health set up. Results: The knowledge of medical officers and paramedical workers regarding needle stick injury was 84.3% and 73.3%, respectively. 31.2% of doctors and 36.7% of paramedical workers had received training for BMW management, whereas 65.6% of doctors and 66.7% of paramedical workers had received hepatitis B immunization. Gloves and mask were most common protective devices used among doctors (68.8% and 53.1%) and paramedical workers (68.9% and 33.3%), respectively. Handwashing facility was present in all centers (100%) in Chandigarh. Knowledge regarding the disposal of radioactive waste was poor among all levels of health-care workers (28.1% among medical officers and 5% paramedical workers). Conclusion: The gap exists between the knowledge and practices of segregation of BMW. The importance of training regarding BMW management needs to be emphasized. Training of paramedical workers should be held at regular intervals.
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- 2020
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10. Transport characteristics and predictors of mortality among neonates referred to a tertiary care centre in North India: a prospective observational study
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Ravi Rohilla, Geeta Gathwala, Jasbir Singh, and Poonam Dalal
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Medicine - Abstract
Objective The paucity of specialised care in the peripheral areas of developing countries necessitates the referral of sick neonates to higher centres. Organised interhospital transport services provided by a skilled and well-equipped team can significantly improve the outcome. The present study evaluated the transport characteristics and predictors of mortality among neonates referred to a tertiary care centre in North India.Design Prospective observational study.Settings Tertiary care teaching hospital in North India.Patients 1013 neonates referred from peripheral health units.Main outcome measures Mortality among referred neonates on admission to our centre.Results Of the 1013 enrolled neonates, 83% were transferred through national ambulance services, 13.7% through private hospital ambulances and 3.3% through personal vehicles. Major transfer indications were prematurity (35%), requirement for ventilation (32%), birth asphyxia (28%) and hyperbilirubinaemia (19%). Hypothermia (32.5%, 330 of 1013), shock (19%, 192 of 1013) and requirement for immediate cardiorespiratory support (ICRS) (10.4%, 106 of 1013) on arrival were the major complications observed during transfer. A total of 305 (30.1%, N=1013) deaths occurred. Of these, 52% (n=160) died within 24 hours of arrival. On multivariate logistic analysis, unsupervised pregnancy (2 hours (p=0.005) and absence of trained staff during transfer (p
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- 2021
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11. Letter to Editor: Reply to Editorial 'Call for departments of public health at all medical colleges in India'
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Ravi Rohilla, Meenu Kalia, Praizy Bhandari, and Naveen Krishan Goel
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Medicine - Published
- 2022
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12. Combating the COVID-19 pandemic in a resource-constrained setting: insights from initial response in India
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Rabbanie Tariq Wani, Paragkumar Dhirajlal Chavda, Siddharudha Shivalli, Mohan Bairwa, Madhur Verma, Pranab Chatterjee, Nitika Sharma, Sabyasachi Behera, Praveen Kulkarni, Archisman Mohapatra, Balaji Ramraj, Arvind Kumar Singh, Manish Kumar Singh, Ravi Rohilla, Bharti Chawla, Sumit Chawla, Rashmi Agarwalla, Shubhashri Sudhiendra Jahagirdar, Madan Mohan Majhi, Harshal Ramesh Salve, Pallavi Shukla, Kapil Yadav, Ramadass Sathiyamoorthy, Kaushik Sarkar, Soumya Swaroop Sahoo, Shamshad Ahmad, Dewesh Kumar, Anirban Chatterjee, Gaihemlung Pamei, Hariom Kumar Solanki, Shashanka Shekhar Chakraborty, Gitismita Naik, M Mohan Kumar, Chinnadurai Aravinda, Shilpa Karir, Jasmin Nilima Panda, Jaya Singh Kshatri, Smrutiranjan Nayak, Sithun Kumar Patro, Shib Sekhar Datta, Nilanjana Ghosh, Pritam Roy, Shankar Reddy Dudala, Rachana R Annadani, Malatesh Undi, Sudhir Prabhu, Santosh K Yatnatti, Rakesh N Pillai, Antony Stanley, Satyanarayana G Konda, Kajal Davara, Mihir Prafulbhai Rupani, Anuj Mundra, Akhil Dhanesh Goel, and Manoj Kumar Gupta
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
The low-and-middle-income country (LMIC) context is volatile, uncertain and resource-constrained. India, an LMIC, has put up a complex response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Using an analytic approach, we have described India’s response to combat the pandemic during the initial months (from 17 January to 20 April 2020). India issued travel advisories and implemented graded international border controls between January and March 2020. By early March, cases started to surge. States scaled up movement restrictions. On 25 March, India went into a nationwide lockdown to ramp up preparedness. The lockdown uncovered contextual vulnerabilities and stimulated countermeasures. India leveraged existing legal frameworks, institutional mechanisms and administrative provisions to respond to the pandemic. Nevertheless, the cross-sectoral impact of the initial combat was intense and is potentially long-lasting. The country could have further benefited from evidence-based policy and planning attuned to local needs and vulnerabilities. Experience from India offers insights to nations, especially LMICs, on the need to have contextualised pandemic response plans.
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- 2020
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13. Comment on: The difference in expression of autophagy-related proteins in lesional and perilesional skin in adult patients with active and stable generalized vitiligo—A cross-sectional pilot study
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Parneet Kaur Grover and Ravi Rohilla
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Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Published
- 2022
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14. Breastfeeding knowledge, attitude, and practice among mothers in Al-Taif region, Saudi Arabia
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Ravi Rohilla and Ravneet Kaur
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Medicine - Published
- 2022
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15. Online medical teaching during COVID-19: Perspectives from teachers and taught
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Jyoti Rohila, Kanchan Kapoor, Jyotsna Singh, Ravi Rohilla, Palak Bansal, and Palak Chhabra
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coronavirus disease 2019 ,distance education ,e-learning ,medical education ,online teaching ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Online teaching has been practiced after lockdown due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic which has replaced conventional classroom teaching. The aim of the present study was to know the perceptions regarding online learning as perceived by both teachers and students during COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was cross-sectional and questionnaire-based. Web-based respondent-driven sampling technique was used to recruit participants for the present study. Three hundred and thirty-two students and 130 teachers of varying ages and gender participated in the study. The link of web-based questionnaire was sent to respondents through WhatsApp/Facebook. Responses from all the participants were tabulated and analyzed using univariate analysis (Chi-square test). RESULTS: Prerecorded lectures (38.9%) and Webinar apps (35/8%) were the most common modules of online teaching by students. One-third (34.3%) had the convenience to attend lectures from home whereas 44.3% had difficulty in concentration. Commonly cited disadvantage by students was inability to do practical work (37.9%). Regarding teaching faculty, 43.8% had no prior knowledge of online teaching. Sixty percent of teachers had 4 h/week of online teaching. No face-to-face interaction (67.7%) and internet issues (26.9%) were commonly stated barriers by faculty. CONCLUSION: The pandemic has pushed the teachers and students toward newer teaching avenues. However, more needs to be done to supplement the existent teaching pattern and preparedness of teaching faculty by incorporating online assignments and assessment methods, strengthening digital infrastructure in medical schools, and training support for teachers.
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- 2022
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16. Study of domestic violence among currently married females of Haryana, India
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Anuradha Nadda, Jagbir S Malik, Ravi Rohilla, Savita Chahal, Vinod Chayal, and Varun Arora
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Domestic violence ,female ,injuries ,prevalence ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: No nation is untouched by domestic violence, and it is well-known that domestic violence has serious impact on women's health and well-being. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of domestic violence and injuries owing to domestic violence among currently married women. Materials and Methods: This was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in the rural and urban areas of Haryana. In total, 880 currently married females of the reproductive age group were interviewed using the Women's Questionnaire (used in National Family Health Survey-3) which is according to the Modified Conflict Tactics Scale. Results: Totally, 37% of the females had ever experienced domestic violence and 28.9% currently experienced domestic violence. All types of violence (except sexual violence) were significantly more common in the rural area than the urban area. Injuries owing to domestic violence were reported by more than half (55.4%) of the women. Among spousal violence, emotional violence was the most common type of violence followed by physical violence. Only 0.1% and 4.5% of females had ever initiated physical and emotional violence respectively, against their husbands, and in rest of the cases, it was the husband who initiated violence. Conclusion: Awareness regarding domestic violence needs to be made, and law enforcement regarding it needs to be made stringent. Rehabilitation of victims of domestic/spousal violence should also be considered on priority.
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- 2018
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17. Depression and its correlates among geriatric people: A community based study from Southern Haryana, India
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Suraj Chawla, Neeraj Gour, Pawan Kumar Goel, and Ravi Rohilla
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geriatric depression scale ,risk factors ,predictors ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Introduction: On account of improved life expectancy, better education and health facilities in India, the proportion of the geriatric population has gone up. In India, prevalence of depression estimated to be 4.5% in the year 2015, which affects about 57 million people. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression and its epidemiological correlates among geriatric people residing in southern Haryana, India. Material and Methods: This community based study with cross-sectional design was conducted in rural and urban field practice areas of department of Community Medicine. Geriatric people were contacted by investigators through house to house visit. Study subjects were screened for depression by using standard shorter version Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Pearson’s Chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Stepwise multiple logistic regression was used to find out an independent factors associated with depression. Result: A total of 308 elderly persons belonging to rural and urban areas participated in our study. Prevalence of depression (GDS score >5) among the elderly population in the present study was found to be 22.72% (95% CI: 18.2-27.8). Conclusion: Present study depicted that every fourth elderly person was suffering with depression. Nuclear family, sleep problems, not consulting elderly in decisions, chronic morbidity, lack of physical activities, and death of close relatives were identified as risk factors of depression.
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- 2018
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18. Conservative management of giant omphalocele: 20-year experience from a tertiary care center in North India
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Kamal Nain Rattan, Jasbir Singh, Poonam Dalal, and Ravi Rohilla
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escharotics ,neonate ,omphalocele major ,outcome ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Despite significant advances, the management of giant omphalocele (GO) still remains a challenging job for neonatologists and pediatric surgeons. Early surgical treatment of GO may not be undertaken in every patient due to the risk of fatal hemodynamic and respiratory compromise and associated congenital malformations. We analyzed the profile and outcome of patients with GO who were managed conservatively using povidone-iodine as escharotic agent. A total of 27 neonates with GO were managed conservatively during the study interval (1998-2016). Mean gestational age among survivors and expired group was 37.5 ± 1.5 weeks and 35.0 ± 1.0 weeks, respectively. Mean birth weight was 2,950 ± 500 g in the survivor group and 2,300 ± 450 g in the expired group. Prenatal diagnosis was available in eight patients (29.6%). Twenty-three (85.2%) neonates were born with vaginal delivery. Associated congenital malformations were present in 37% (10/27) patients. The mean duration of complete epithelialization of sac was 10.0 ± 2.5 weeks. Surgical intervention was done at 4-9 months of age. Eight (29.6%) patients expired during the study period. We observed prematurity, low birth weight, associated congenital anomalies and sepsis as risk factors associated with increased mortality.
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- 2019
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19. Evaluation of Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram scheme and out of pocket expenditure in a rural area of Northern India
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Sandeep Chaudhary, Ravi Rohilla, Vijay Kumar, and Sandeep Kumar
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Diagnostics ,diet ,out-of-pocket expenditure ,referral transport ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: The stagnant performance of countries with regard to maternal and child health is linked to low investment in health and out of pocket expenditure (OOP). To address issue of OOP expenses related to maternal and newborn care, Janani Shishu SUraksha Karyakram (JSSK) was launched in the year 2011 in Mewat district of Haryana with the objective to eliminate OOP expenses of obstetric women and sick infants. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was undertaken in rural area of Haryana to know the utilization of JSSK scheme and OOP expenditure. A total of 200 delivered mothers were included as study subjects. The study was conducted from July 20113 to September 2014. Results: Out of 200, 134 subjects delivered in government institutions and hence were eligible for benefits of JSSK scheme. Twenty nine percent of deliveries occurred in private facilities and 17% newborns were sick within 30 days of birth. OOP expenditure was done by 83.5% subjects with median amount Rs. 1100. Most common suggestions given by subjects were the availability of ultrasound facility, cooperative staff and crowd management in hospitals. Conclusion: For reducing OOP expenses, up-gradation and constant supervision is required to maintain the adequacy of services. More evaluation studies need to be conducted to know the utilization pattern of JSSK so as to improve the coverage and removing the bottlenecks to further increase the utilization of JSSK scheme.
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- 2017
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20. Correlation between the percentage of body fat and surrogate indices of obesity among adult population in rural block of Haryana
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Madhur Verma, Meena Rajput, Soumya Swaroop Sahoo, Navjot Kaur, and Ravi Rohilla
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Body adiposity index ,body fat percentage ,obesity ,receiver operating characteristic curve ,rural ,surrogate indices of fatness ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has raised concerns regarding the importance of different techniques, which are used to assess body growth composition that can be used at the level of primary health care settings with minimal knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between different surrogate indices of fatness (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], waist-to-height ratio [WHtR], and body fat percentage [BF%]) with the percentage of body fat and their usefulness as a predictor of obesity among adult population. Materials and Methods: The community-based cross-sectional study done over a period of 1-year involved 1080 adult participants from a rural area in Haryana. Anthropometry, along with BF% (using hand held analyzer) were recorded using standard procedures. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity as per the modified criteria of BMI for the Asian Indians was found to be 15.0% and 34.6%, respectively. Positive correlation was seen among all the indices except between the WHR and body adiposity index (BAI) using Pearson′s correlation analysis. Maximum correlation was seen between WHtR and WC (r = 0.923), whereas WHtR depicted maximum correlation (r = 0.810) with BF%. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the WHtR was the most sensitive and specific indicator for the study population to predict overweight and obesity comparable to that calculated by body fat analyser followed by BAI, BMI, and WHR. Conclusion: A single value of WHtR irrespective of gender and the area of residence can be used as a universal screening tool for the identification of individuals at high risk of development of metabolic complications.
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- 2016
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21. Prevalence and correlates of overweight/obesity among adolescents in an Urban City of North India
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Ravi Rohilla, Meena Rajput, Jyoti Rohilla, Manisha Malik, Dinesh Garg, and Madhur Verma
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Adolescents ,anthropometry ,body mass index ,obesity ,overweight ,Medicine - Abstract
Background and objectives: Obesity and overweight is a growing pandemic affecting millions of adolescents in developed as well as developing countries. Obesity is associated with the onset of major chronic diseases leading to complications and also psychosocial problems in adolescents. The greater concern is that the risks of obesity during childhood will persist into adolescence and adulthood. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of being overweight and obesity and to study the associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: 1900 adolescents in the age group of 10-19 years were included in the study. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire which included the variables such as going to school by bus or cycle, eating habits, playing video/computer games or outdoor games and sibling count were recorded. Body weight and height were recorded in subjects for calculating body mass index (BMI). International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) classification was used for the estimation of being overweight and obese. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 14.84 years (SD = 2.81). Mean weight increased from 34.7 to 55.09 kg from the age group 10-13 to 17-19 years. Mean height also increased from 1.34 to 1.57 m from the age group 10-13 to 17-19 years. Similarly, the mean body mass index was 19.23 at 10-13 years, followed by 21.11 at 14-16 years and 22.46 at 17-19 years. On binary logistic regression analysis, female gender, bus as a mode of transport, not playing games, and single sibling were found to have independent association with prevalence of being overweight.
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- 2014
22. Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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V Bhattacharjee, N, E Schumacher, A, Aali, A, Habtegiorgis Abate, Y, Abbasgholizadeh, R, Abbasian, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbastabar, H, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdollahi, M, Abdollahifar, M, Abdoun, M, Abdullahi, A, Abebe, M, Shawel Abebe, S, Abiodun, O, Abolhassani, H, Abolmaali, M, Abouzid, M, Beressa Aboye, G, Guimarães Abreu, L, Aberhe Abrha, W, M Abrigo, M, Abtahi, D, Abualruz, H, Abubakar, B, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Me Abu-Rmeileh, N, Girum Girum Adal, T, Molla Adane, M, Atanda Adeagbo Adeagbo, O, Adesoji Adedoyin, R, Adekanmbi, V, Aden, B, Victor Adepoju, A, O Adetokunboh, O, Bunmi Adetunji, J, Adedayo Adeyinka, D, Israel Adeyomoye, O, Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Q, Adra, S, Felix Afolabi, R, Afyouni, S, Sohail Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Aghamiri, S, Agodi, A, Agyemang-Duah, W, Opoku Ahinkorah, B, J Ahlstrom, A, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, D, Ahmad, F, M Ahmad, M, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, H, A Ahmed, L, Saleh Ahmed, M, Anees Ahmed, S, Ajami, M, Aji, B, Taddesse Akalu, G, Akbarialiabad, H, Olusola Akinyemi, R, Ahmed Akkaif, M, Akkala, S, Al Hamad, H, Mahfuz Al Hasan, S, Al Qadire, M, Mohammed Ali Al-Ahdal, T, O Alalalmeh, S, A Alalwan, T, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Mustafa Al-Amer, R, Mashhour Alanezi, F, M Alanzi, T, Albakri, A, Albashtawy, M, T AlBataineh, M, Alemi, H, Alemi, S, Mulugeta Alemu, Y, Al-Eyadhy, A, Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi, A, F Alhabib, K, Alhajri, N, Alhalaiqa Naji Alhalaiqa, F, Kaba Alhassan, R, Ali, A, Abdulqadir Ali, B, Ali, L, Usman Ali, M, Ali, R, Shujait Shujait Ali, S, Mohammad Alif, S, Aligol, M, Alijanzadeh, M, M Aljasir, M, Mohamed Aljunid, S, Al-Marwani, S, Uy Almazan, J, M Al-Mekhlafi, H, Almidani, O, A Alomari, M, Al-Omari, B, S Alqahtani, J, Yaseen Alqutaibi, A, M Al-Raddadi, R, Khalifah Al-Sabah, S, Altaf, A, A Al-Tawfiq, J, A Altirkawi, K, Oyine Aluh, D, Jawad Alvi, F, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alwafi, H, Mohammed Al-Worafi, Y, Aly, H, Aly, S, H Alzoubi, K, Kwabena Ameyaw, E, Tawfik Amin, T, Amindarolzarbi, A, Amini-Rarani, M, Amiri, S, Gyamfuah Ampomah, I, A Amugsi, D, Adeniyi Amusa, G, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Prata Andrade, P, Liliana Andrei, C, Andrei, T, Anil, A, Anil, S, Ansar, A, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, M Antony, C, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, S, Anwar, S, Anwer, R, Edward Anyasodor, A, Arabloo, J, Arabzadeh Bahri, R, A Arafa, E, Arafat, M, Margarida Araújo, A, Y Aravkin, A, Aremu, A, Aripov, T, Arkew, M, Armocida, B, Ärnlöv, J, Arooj, M, A Artamonov, A, Arulappan, J, Taiwo Aruleba, R, Arumugam, A, Asadi-Lari, M, Asemi, Z, Asgary, S, Asghariahmadabad, M, Asghari-Jafarabadi, M, Yesse Ashemo, M, Ashraf, M, Ashraf, T, O Asika, M, Shamsadin Athari, S, Moh'd Wahbi Atout, M, Atreya, A, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avan, A, Mulat Aweke, A, Melaku Ayele, G, Mohammad Ayyoubzadeh, S, Azadnajafabad, S, S Azevedo, R, Y Azzam, A, Badar, M, D Badiye, A, Baghdadi, S, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bahmanziari, N, Bai, R, Amin Baig, A, L Baker, J, T Bako, A, Kaur Bakshi, R, Balasubramanian, M, Constantin Baltatu, O, Bam, K, Banach, M, Bandyopadhyay, S, Banik, B, Chandra Banik, P, Bansal, H, Firat Baran, M, Barchitta, M, Bardhan, M, Bardideh, E, Lyn Barker-Collo, S, Winfried Bärnighausen, T, Barone-Adesi, F, Jawdat Barqawi, H, Barrow, A, Barteit, S, Basharat, Z, J Bashir, A, Akande Bashiru, H, Basiru, A, Diogo Basso, J, Basu, S, Mohammad Batiha, A, Batra, K, T Baune, B, Bayati, M, Begum, T, Behboudi, E, Hossein Behnoush, A, Beiranvand, M, Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, D, Bekele, A, Assefa Belay, S, Iqbal Belgaumi, U, L Bell, M, Omolaja Bello, O, Beloukas, A, M Bensenor, I, Berezvai, Z, Yirga Berhie, A, C Bermudez, A, G Bettencourt, P, Srikanth Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, V Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Bhat, V, Kaur Bhatti, G, Singh Bhatti, J, S Bhatti, M, Bhatti, R, Biondi, A, Bisignano, C, Biswas, A, Kishore Biswas, R, R Bitra, V, Bjørge, T, Bliss, E, Kofi Boachie, M, Vasilica Bobirca, A, Bodolica, V, Olalekan Bodunrin, A, Ketema Bogale, E, Angaw Bogale, K, Bonakdar Hashemi, M, Bora Basara, B, Bouaoud, S, Braithwaite, D, Brauer, M, K Breitborde, N, Bryazka, D, B Bulamu, N, Buonsenso, D, Burkart, K, A Burns, R, Bustanji, Y, Shafique Butt, N, A Butt, Z, Luciano Caetano Dos Santos, F, Calina, D, R Campos-Nonato, I, Cao, F, Cao, S, Capodici, A, Carreras, G, Carugno, A, A Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Castelpietra, G, Sofia Cattaruzza, M, Caye, A, Cegolon, L, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Chadwick, J, Chahine, Y, Chakraborty, C, Chalek, J, Shi Kai Chan, J, Charalampous, P, Kumar Chattu, V, Chaturvedi, S, Paul Chavula, M, Chen, A, Chen, H, Chen, S, Chi, G, Chichagi, F, Chien, J, R Ching, P, S Cho, W, Choi, S, Chong, B, Chopra, H, Gajanan Choudhari, S, J Christopher, D, Chu, D, Sunday Chukwu, I, Chung, E, Chung, S, Cindi, Z, Cioffi, I, Ciuffreda, R, M Claro, R, Coberly, K, Columbus, A, Comfort, H, Conde, J, H Criqui, M, Cruz-Martins, N, Magali Cuadra-Hernández, S, Dadana, S, Dadras, O, Dahiru, T, Dai, Z, Dalton, B, Damiani, G, Mohammad Darwesh, A, K Das, J, Das, S, Dashti, M, Dastiridou, A, Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, Tamire Debele, A, Debopadhaya, S, Delavari, S, Delgado-Enciso, I, Demeke, D, Hundessa Demessa, B, Deng, X, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Deribe, K, Dervenis, N, Dineshbhai Desai, H, Desai, R, Gnana Chellaiyan Devanbu, V, Dhali, A, Dhama, K, Dhimal, M, R Dhulipala, V, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, J Diaz, M, Dima, A, D Ding, D, Ashworth Dirac, M, Chi Do, T, Huynh Phuong Do, T, Bruneli do Prado, C, Dohare, S, Dong, W, D'Oria, M, Mombaque Dos Santos, W, Doshmangir, L, Kokou Dowou, R, Chelsea Dsouza, A, Larson Dsouza, H, Dsouza, V, Dube, J, Duprey, J, Rodrigues Duraes, A, Duraisamy, S, Christopher Durojaiye, O, Dutta, S, Dwyer-Lindgren, L, Agnieszka Dzianach, P, Marian Dziedzic, A, Ebrahimi, A, Atan Edinur, H, Edvardsson, K, Efendi, F, Andreas Eikemo, T, Ekholuenetale, M, El Tantawi, M, Mousaad Elemam, N, Metwally Tawfik ElGohary, G, Elhadi, M, Tesfaye Elilo, L, Abdelsadek Abdou Elmeligy, O, A Elmonem, M, Elshaer, M, Elsohaby, I, Emami Zeydi, A, Engelbert Bain, L, Eskandarieh, S, Esposito, F, Estep, K, Etaee, F, Fabin, N, Francis Fagbamigbe, A, Fahimi, S, Fakhri-Demeshghieh, A, Falzone, L, Faramarzi, A, Ezzat Mahmoud Faris, M, Farmer, S, Faro, A, Omolara Fasanmi, A, Fatehizadeh, A, Klau Fauk, N, Fazeli, P, L Feigin, V, Fereshtehnejad, S, Hamid Feroze, A, Ferrara, P, Ferreira, N, Fetensa, G, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Flavel, J, A Foigt, N, Oluwatoyin Folayan, M, Alekseevich Fomenkov, A, Foroutan, B, Foschi, M, Raphael Fowobaje, K, Louise Francis, K, Freitas, A, Fukumoto, T, E Fuller, J, Fux, B, Andras Gaal, P, A Gadanya, M, Motiramji Gaidhane, A, Galali, Y, Gallus, S, P Gandhi, A, Ganesan, B, Arfat Ganiyani, M, A Garcia-Gordillo, M, Garg, N, K Gautam, R, Gazzelloni, F, Olatunde Gbadamosi, S, W Gebregergis, M, Gebrehiwot, M, Brhane Gebremariam, T, B Gebremariam, T, Gebru Gebremeskel, T, Fikadu Geda, Y, Roxana Georgescu, S, Gerema, U, Geremew, H, Erena Getachew, M, W Gething, P, Ghasemi, M, Ghasempour Dabaghi, G, Ghasemzadeh, A, Ghassemi, F, Mohamed Ghazy, R, Ghimire, S, Gholamian, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Ghorbani, M, Gopal Ghoshal, A, Digambarrao Ghuge, A, Urievich Gil, A, K Gill, T, Giorgi, M, Girmay, A, C Glasbey, J, Göbölös, L, Goel, A, Golchin, A, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Vali Gopalani, S, Goudarzi, H, C Goulart, A, Goyal, A, Matthew Graham, S, Grivna, M, Guan, S, Guarducci, G, Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, M, Dechasa Gudeta, M, Guicciardi, S, Gulati, S, Gulisashvili, D, Asanga Gunawardane, D, Guo, C, Kumar Gupta, A, Gupta, B, Kumar Gupta, M, Gupta, M, Gupta, S, Bala Gupta, V, Kumar Gupta, V, Haakenstad, A, Habibzadeh, F, R Hadi, N, Haep, N, Hajibeygi, R, Haller, S, Halwani, R, R Hamadeh, R, M Hamdy, N, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Han, Q, J Handal, A, J Hankey, G, Nuruzzaman Haque, M, Maria Haro, J, I Hasaballah, A, Hasan, I, Jahid Hasan, M, M Mahmudul Hasan, S, Hasani, H, Saquib Hasnain, M, Hassan, A, Hassan, I, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, I Hay, S, J Hebert, J, E Hegazi, O, Heidari, M, Helfer, B, Hemmati, M, Yuliana Herrera-Serna, B, Herteliu, C, Hessami, K, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Quoc Hoan, N, Holla, R, Horita, N, Mahbub Hossain, M, Bellal Hossain Hossain, M, Hosseinzadeh, H, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hsairi, M, Chia-Rong Hsieh, V, Hu, C, Huang, J, Mamun Huda, M, Humayun, A, Hussain, J, R Hussein, N, Huynh, H, Hwang, B, Emmanuel Ibitoye, S, Maria Iftikhar, P, Stephen Ilesanmi, O, M Ilic, I, D Ilic, M, Immurana, M, Raja Inbaraj, L, Iqbal, A, Rabiul Islam, M, Elkudssiah Ismail, N, Iso, H, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Iyer, M, J, L, Jaafari, J, Jacob, L, Jadidi-Niaragh, F, Jaggi, K, Jahankhani, K, Jahanmehr, N, Jahrami, H, Jain, A, Jain, N, Abdulrahman Jairoun, A, Jakovljevic, M, Jamshidi, E, Javadov, S, Javaheri, T, Kumar Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Ha Jee, S, Jeganathan, J, K Jha, A, Prakash Jha, R, Jiang, H, Jokar, M, B Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Ehimwenma Joshua, C, Joukar, F, Jerzy Jozwiak, J, Jürisson, M, K, V, Kaambwa, B, Kabir, A, Kabir, H, Kabir, Z, Kalani, R, R Kalankesh, L, Kaliyadan, F, Kalra, S, Kamath, R, Kamath, S, Kanchan, T, Wedam Kanmiki, E, Kazeem Kanmodi, K, S, S, Kumar Kansal, S, S Kantar, R, Kapoor, N, Karajizadeh, M, Karami, M, M Karaye, I, Zaffar Kashoo, F, Kasraei, H, J Kassebaum, N, B Kassel, M, H Kauppila, J, Kazemi, F, Kazeminia, S, H Kempen, J, Shoshannah Kendal, E, Keshtkar, K, Keykhaei, M, Khajuria, H, Khalaji, A, Khalid, N, Ahmed Khalil, A, Khalilian, A, Khamesipour, F, Khan, A, Khan, I, Nuruzzaman Khan, M, Khan, M, Jobair Khan, M, Ab Khan, M, Khang, Y, Khanmohammadi, S, Khatab, K, Khavandegar, A, Reza Khayat Kashani, H, Fatima Khidri, F, Khormali, M, Ali Khosravi, M, Khosrowjerdi, M, Teklesilasie Kidane, W, Demelash Kifle, Z, Sojin Kim, J, Seo Kim, M, W Kimokoti, R, E Kinzel, K, Tsegay Kiross, G, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kolahi, A, Kompani, F, Koren, G, Korzh, O, Kosen, S, Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Krishan, K, Krishna, V, Krishnamoorthy, V, Kuate Defo, B, M Kubeisy, C, Kucuk Bicer, B, Abdul Kuddus, M, Kuddus, M, Kuitunen, I, Kulimbet, M, Kumar, H, Kundu, S, Rotimi Kunle, K, P Kurmi, O, Kusnali, A, Kusuma, D, F Kyei, E, Kyriopoulos, I, La Vecchia, C, Lacey, B, Awwal Ladan, M, Laflamme, L, Lahariya, C, Teck Ching Lai, D, Kumar Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lám, J, Lamnisos, D, Landires, I, Lanfranchi, F, Langguth, B, Laplante-Lévesque, A, Jane Larson, H, O Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Latief, K, Latifinaibin, K, Khanh Dao Le, L, Huu Hanh Le, N, Diep Thanh Le, T, Ledda, C, Lee, M, H Lee, P, Won Lee, S, Han Lee, Y, Kiros Lema, G, Leong, E, L Lerango, T, Li, A, Li, M, Li, S, Li, W, Li, X, S Ligade, V, S Lim, S, Lin, R, A Lindstedt, P, Listl, S, Liu, G, Liu, J, Liu, X, Liu, Y, Llanaj, E, López-Bueno, R, D Lopukhov, P, Lorenzovici, L, A Lotufo, P, Lubinda, J, Lucchetti, G, Lugo, A, Lunevicius, R, Lv, H, Feei Ma, Z, Lynn Maass, K, Machoy, M, M Madureira-Carvalho, Á, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, A Maghazachi, A, Mahjoub, S, Adam Mahmoud, M, Majeed, A, N Malagón-Rojas, J, Malakan Rad, E, Malhotra, K, Azam Malik, A, Malik, I, Carvalho Malta, D, A Mamun, A, Manla, Y, Mansoori, Y, Mansour, A, Mansouri, B, Mansouri, Z, Ali Mansournia, M, C Maravilla, J, Marino, M, Marjani, A, Martinez, G, Martinez-Piedra, R, Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, F, Martorell, M, Maryam, S, Rillera Marzo, R, Masoudi, A, Mattumpuram, J, James Maude, R, Maugeri, A, A May, E, Mayeli, M, Mazaheri, M, J McGrath, J, Mckee, M, Laura Wensel McKowen, A, A McLaughlin, S, M McPhail, S, Mehra, R, Mehrabani-Zeinabad, K, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mekene Meto, T, Alberto Mendez Mendez-Lopez, M, Mendoza, W, G Menezes, R, A Mensah, G, A Mentis, A, Ayoub Meo, S, Merati, M, Meretoja, A, J Meretoja, T, M Mersha, A, Mestrovic, T, Metanat, P, Chamila Dinushi Mettananda, K, Mettananda, S, Mhlanga, A, Mhlanga, L, Mi, T, Miazgowski, T, Micha, G, Maria Michalek, I, R Miller, T, Huu Nhat Minh, L, Mirghafourvand, M, M Mirrakhimov, E, Kiros Mirutse, M, Mirza, M, Mirzaei, R, Mishra, A, Misra, S, B Mitchell, P, Mittal, C, Moazen, B, Z Mohamed, A, Ismail Mohamed, A, Mohamed, J, H Mohamed, M, Saad Mohamed, N, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S, Mohammadi, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, M, Mohammed, S, H Mokdad, A, Mokhtarzadehazar, P, Molavi Vardanjani, H, Molinaro, S, Monasta, L, Ali Moni, M, Moradi, M, Moradi, Y, Moraga, P, Silveira Moreira, R, Morovatdar, N, Douglas Morrison, S, Morze, J, Mosapour, A, Mossialos, E, Motappa, R, Mousavi, P, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mubarik, S, Muccioli, L, Mulita, F, Munjal, K, Murillo-Zamora, E, Musa, J, Musaigwa, F, Musina, A, Muthu, S, Muthupandian, S, Muzaffar, M, Myung, W, Jayaraman Nagarajan, A, Nagel, G, Naghavi, P, R Naik, G, Naik, G, David Naimzada, M, Nainu, F, Nangia, V, Narasimha Swamy, S, Ramos Nascimento, B, G Nascimento, G, Y Naser, A, Javad Nasiri, M, S Natto, Z, Nauman, J, Naveed, M, Prakash Nayak, B, C Nayak, V, Ndejjo, R, Onyinye Nduaguba, S, Negash, H, Tafere Negesse, C, Negoi, I, Irina Negoi, R, Aria Nejadghaderi, S, Nejjari, C, Nepal, S, Biresaw Netsere, H, Nguefack-Tsague, G, W Ngunjiri, J, H Nguyen, D, Thi Hien Nguyen, H, The Nguyen, P, P Nguyen, Q, Thanh Nguyen, V, Khan Niazi, R, T Nigatu, Y, Konstantinos Nikolouzakis, T, Nikoobar, A, Reza Nikpoor, A, A Nnaji, C, Achilles Nnyanzi, L, Ali Noman, E, Nomura, S, Noreen, M, Noroozi, N, Adaobi Nri-Ezedi, C, H Nunemo, M, Nuñez-Samudio, V, Nurrika, D, John Nutor, J, Oancea, B, O Obamiro, K, A Odetokun, I, Martina Odogwu, N, James O'Donnell, M, Ololade Odukoya, O, Sikiru Oguntade, A, Odhiambo Oguta, J, Oh, I, Reuben Okeke, S, Paul Okekunle, A, Christabel Okonji, O, Godwin Okwute, P, T Olagunju, A, O Olasupo, O, Idowu Olatubi, M, Maria Moraes Oliveira, G, Olubukunola Olusanya, B, Olusegun Olusanya, J, Olamilekan Oluwatunase, G, A Omar, H, Latif Omer, G, E Onwujekwe, O, Ordak, M, Ebere Orisakwe, O, N Orish, V, V Ortega-Altamirano, D, Ortiz, A, Ortiz-Prado, E, S Osman, W, Levi Osuagwu, U, Osuolale, O, Otoiu, A, S Otstavnov, S, Ouyahia, A, Ouyang, G, O Owolabi, M, Ozten, Y, P A, M, Taha Pahlevan Fallahy, M, Pan, F, Pan, H, Pana, A, Panda, P, Panda-Jonas, S, Ullyartha Pangaribuan, H, D Panos, G, D Panos, L, Pantazopoulos, I, Mihaela Pantea Stoian, A, R Parikh, R, Park, S, Parthasarathi, A, Pashaei, A, Passera, R, M Patel, H, Patel, J, Patil, S, Patoulias, D, Suresh Patthipati, V, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pazoki Toroudi, H, A Pease, S, E Peden, A, Pedersini, P, Peng, M, Pensato, U, Christian Filipino Pepito, V, Peprah, P, Pereira, G, P Peres, M, Perianayagam, A, Perico, N, Perna, S, G Pestell, R, Emily Petermann-Rocha, F, Tran Pham, H, K Philip, A, Pierannunzio, D, Pigeolet, M, M Pigott, D, Plotnikov, E, Poddighe, D, Pollner, P, Poluru, R, J Postma, M, Pourali, G, Pourshams, A, Pourtaheri, N, Prabhu, D, I Prada, S, Man Singh Pradhan, P, Prasad, M, Prashant, A, M Purohit, B, Puvvula, J, Hashim Qasim, N, Qattea, I, R, D, Rabiee Rad, M, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, V, Raee, P, Raeisi Shahraki, H, Rafiei, A, Niloufar Rafiei Alavi, S, Raggi, C, Raghav Raghav, P, Rahim, F, Jillur Rahim, M, Mosfequr Rahman, M, Hifz Ur 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Pantea Stoian, Romil R Parikh, Seoyeon Park, Ashwaghosha Parthasarathi, Ava Pashaei, Roberto Passera, Hemal M Patel, Jay Patel, Shankargouda Patil, Dimitrios Patoulias, Venkata Suresh Patthipati, Uttam Paudel, Mihaela Paun, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi, Spencer A Pease, Amy E Peden, Paolo Pedersini, Minjin Peng, Umberto Pensato, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Prince Peprah, Gavin Pereira, Mario F P Peres, Arokiasamy Perianayagam, Norberto Perico, Simone Perna, Richard G Pestell, Fanny Emily Petermann-Rocha, Hoang Tran Pham, Anil K Philip, Daniela Pierannunzio, Manon Pigeolet, David M Pigott, Evgenii Plotnikov, Dimitri Poddighe, Peter Pollner, Ramesh Poluru, Maarten J Postma, Ghazaleh Pourali, Akram Pourshams, Naeimeh Pourtaheri, Disha Prabhu, Sergio I Prada, Pranil Man Singh Pradhan, Manya Prasad, Akila Prashant, Bharathi M Purohit, Jagadeesh Puvvula, Nameer Hashim Qasim, Ibrahim Qattea, Deepthi R, Mehrdad Rabiee Rad, Amir Radfar, Venkatraman Radhakrishnan, Pourya Raee, Hadi Raeisi Shahraki, Alireza Rafiei, Seyedeh Niloufar Rafiei Alavi, Cat Raggi, Pankaja Raghav Raghav, Fakher Rahim, Md Jillur Rahim, Md Mosfequr Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Mosiur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Vahid Rahmanian, Masoud Rahmati, Niloufar Rahnavard, Pramila Rai, Diego Raimondo, Ali Rajabpour-Sanati, Prashant Rajput, Prasanna Ram, Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy, Juwel Rana, Kritika Rana, Shailendra Singh Rana, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Nemanja Rancic, Amey Rane, Shubham Ranjan, Chythra R Rao, Indu Ramachandra Rao, Deepthi Rapaka, Davide Rasella, Sina Rashedi, Vahid Rashedi, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Azad Rasul, Zubair Ahmed Ratan, Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu, Santosh Kumar Rauniyar, Nakul Ravikumar, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Reza Rawassizadeh, Bharat Rawlley, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna Reddy, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed Redwan, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Bhageerathy Reshmi, Nazila Rezaei, Aida Rezaei Nejad, Mohsen Rezaeian, Abanoub Riad, Mavra A Riaz, Jennifer Rickard, Reza Rikhtegar, Hannah Elizabeth Robinson-Oden, Célia Fortuna Rodrigues, Jefferson Antonio Buendia Rodriguez, Ravi Rohilla, Debby Syahru Romadlon, Luca Ronfani, Himanshu Sekhar Rout, Bedanta Roy, Nitai Roy, Priyanka Roy, Enrico Rubagotti, Guilherme de Andrade Ruela, Susan Fred Rumisha, Tilleye Runghien, Manjula S, Chandan S N, Aly M A Saad, Zahra Saadatian, Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad, Morteza SaberiKamarposhti, Siamak Sabour, Fatos Sada, Basema Saddik, Bashdar Abuzed Sadee, Ehsan Sadeghi, Erfan Sadeghi, Mohammad Reza Saeb, Umar Saeed, Sher Zaman Safi, Dominic Sagoe, Manika Saha, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Soumya Swaroop Sahoo, Monalisha Sahu, Zahra Saif, Joseph W Sakshaug, Payman Salamati, Afeez Abolarinwa Salami, Mohamed A Saleh, Marwa Rashad Salem, Mohammed Z Y Salem, Sohrab Salimi, Sara Samadzadeh, Yoseph Leonardo Samodra, Vijaya Paul Samuel, Abdallah M Samy, Juan Sanabria, Nima Sanadgol, Francesca Sanna, Milena M Santric-Milicevic, Haaris Saqib, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Aswini Saravanan, Babak Saravi, Yaser Sarikhani, Tanmay Sarkar, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez, Gargi Sachin Sarode, Sachin C Sarode, Arash Sarveazad, Brijesh Sathian, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Anudeep Sathyanarayan, Abu Sayeed, Md Abu Sayeed, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Winfried Schlee, Art Schuermans, David C Schwebel, Falk Schwendicke, Siddharthan Selvaraj, Pallav Sengupta, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Dragos Serban, Edson Serván-Mori, Yashendra Sethi, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Seyed Arsalan Seyedi, Allen Seylani, Mahan Shafie, Jaffer Shah, Pritik A Shah, Ataollah Shahbandi, Samiah Shahid, Moyad Jamal Shahwan, Ahmed Shaikh, Masood Ali Shaikh, Muhammad Aaqib Shamim, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Mohammad Anas Shamsi, Mohd Shanawaz, Abhishek Shankar, Mohammed Shannawaz, Medha Sharath, Sadaf Sharfaei, Amin Sharifan, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Manoj Sharma, Rajesh Sharma, Ujjawal Sharma, Vishal Sharma, Rajesh P Shastry, Amin Shavandi, David H Shaw, Amir Mehdi Shayan, Maryam Shayan, Amr Mohamed Elsayed Shehabeldine, Aziz Sheikh, Rahim Ali Sheikhi, Manjunath Mala Shenoy, Pavanchand H Shetty, Peilin Shi, Desalegn Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Rahman Shiri, Reza Shirkoohi, Aminu Shittu, Velizar Shivarov, Farhad Shokraneh, Sina Shool, Seyed Afshin Shorofi, Kanwar Hamza Shuja, Kerem Shuval, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, João Pedro Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva, Soraia Silva, Biagio Simonetti, Anjali Singal, Abhinav Singh, Balbir Bagicha Singh, Jasvinder A Singh, Md Shahjahan Siraj, Georgia Smith, Bogdan Socea, Anton Sokhan, Ranjan Solanki, Shipra Solanki, Hamidreza Soleimani, Sameh S M Soliman, Yonatan Solomon, Yimeng Song, Reed J D Sorensen, Michael Spartalis, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Vijay Kumar Srivastava, Muhammad Haroon Stanikzai, Vladimir I Starodubov, Antonina V Starodubova, Simona Cătălina Stefan, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Mark A Stokes, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Muhammad Suleman, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Abida Sultana, Jing Sun, Chandan Kumar Swain, Bryan L Sykes, Lukasz Szarpak, Mindy D Szeto, Miklós Szócska, Payam Tabaee Damavandi, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Ozra Tabatabaei Malazy, Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh, Shima Tabatabai, Karen M Tabb, Mohammad Tabish, Moslem Taheri Soodejani, Jabeen Taiba, Ardeshir Tajbakhsh, Iman M Talaat, Ashis Talukder, Mircea Tampa, Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi, Ker-Kan Tan, Haosu Tang, Derbie Alemu DA Tareke, Mengistie Kassahun Tariku, Vivian Y Tat, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar, Mojtaba Teimoori, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani Temsah, Masayuki Teramoto, Dufera Rikitu Terefa, Riki Tesler, Enoch Teye-Kwadjo, Ramna Thakur, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Rekha Thapar, Samar Tharwat, Rasiah Thayakaran, Nihal Thomas, Ales Tichopad, Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu, Tenaw Yimer Tiruye, Mariya Vladimirovna Titova, Marcello Tonelli, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Eugenio Traini, Jasmine T Tran, Nghia Minh Tran, Indang Trihandini, Samuel Joseph Tromans, Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini, Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Sayed Mohammad Nazim Uddin, Aniefiok John Udoakang, Arit Udoh, Atta Ullah, Saeed Ullah, Sana Ullah, Srikanth Umakanthan, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Brigid Unim, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Era Upadhyay, Jibrin Sammani Usman, Marco Vacante, Seyed Mohammad Vahabi, Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan, Rohollah Valizadeh, Jef Van den Eynde, Elena Varavikova, Orsolya Varga, Priya Vart, Shoban Babu Varthya, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Balachandar Vellingiri, Deneshkumar Venugopal, Nicholas Alexander Verghese, Madhur Verma, Massimiliano Veroux, Georgios-Ioannis Verras, Dominique Vervoort, Jorge Hugo Villafañe, Manish Vinayak, Francesco S Violante, Mukesh Vishwakarma, Sergey Konstantinovitch Vladimirov, Vasily Vlassov, Bay Vo, Simona Ruxandra Volovat, Theo Vos, Isidora S Vujcic, Hatem A Wafa, Yasir Waheed, Elias Bekele Wakwoya, Cong Wang, Denny Wang, Fang Wang, Shu Wang, Yanzhong Wang, Yuan-Pang Wang, Paul Ward, Emebet Gashaw Wassie, Stefanie Watson, Marcia R Weaver, Kosala Gayan Weerakoon, Daniel J Weiss, Katherine M Wells, Yi Feng Wen, Ronny Westerman, Taweewat Wiangkham, Dakshitha Praneeth Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Peter Willeit, Yohannes Addisu Wondimagegene, Felicia Wu, Juan Xia, Hong Xiao, Gelin Xu, Suowen Xu, Xiaoyue Xu, Ali Yadollahpour, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Tina Yaghoobpour, Sajad Yaghoubi, Zwanden Sule Yahaya, Danting Yang, Lin Yang, Yuichiro Yano, Habib Yaribeygi, Pengpeng Ye, Renjulal Yesodharan, Subah Abderehim Yesuf, Saber Yezli, Amanuel Yigezu, Paul Yip, Dong Keon Yon, Naohiro Yonemoto, Yuyi You, Mustafa Z Younis, Zabihollah Yousefi, Chuanhua Yu, Yong Yu, Chun-Wei Yuan, Nima Zafari, Fathiah Zakham, Nazar Zaki, Giulia Zamagni, Milad Zandi, Ghazal G Z Zandieh, Moein Zangiabadian, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Haijun Zhang, Meixin Zhang, Yunquan Zhang, Chenwen Zhong, Juexiao Zhou, Bin Zhu, Lei Zhu, Magdalena Zielińska, Zhiyong Zou, Samer H Zyoud, Christopher J L Murray, Amanda E Smith, and Stein Emil Vollset
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Background: Accurate assessments of current and future fertility-including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions-are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, environmental, and geopolitical challenges that these changes will bring. Estimates and projections of fertility are necessary to inform policies involving resource and health-care needs, labour supply, education, gender equality, and family planning and support. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 produced up-to-date and comprehensive demographic assessments of key fertility indicators at global, regional, and national levels from 1950 to 2021 and forecast fertility metrics to 2100 based on a reference scenario and key policy-dependent alternative scenarios. Methods: To estimate fertility indicators from 1950 to 2021, mixed-effects regression models and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression were used to synthesise data from 8709 country-years of vital and sample registrations, 1455 surveys and censuses, and 150 other sources, and to generate age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) for 5-year age groups from age 10 years to 54 years. ASFRs were summed across age groups to produce estimates of total fertility rate (TFR). Livebirths were calculated by multiplying ASFR and age-specific female population, then summing across ages 10-54 years. To forecast future fertility up to 2100, our Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) forecasting model was based on projections of completed cohort fertility at age 50 years (CCF50; the average number of children born over time to females from a specified birth cohort), which yields more stable and accurate measures of fertility than directly modelling TFR. CCF50 was modelled using an ensemble approach in which three sub-models (with two, three, and four covariates variously consisting of female educational attainment, contraceptive met need, population density in
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- 2024
23. Anxiety and depression in the elderly due to COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study
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Kantadorshi Parashar, Ravi Rohilla, Priti Arun, Aratrika Roy, and Subhash Das
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Gerontology ,Psychiatry ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Depression ,Research ,Mortality rate ,Family support ,Population ,RC435-571 ,COVID-19 ,Comorbidity ,Anxiety ,humanities ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Elderly ,Spouse ,medicine ,Geriatric Depression Scale ,Functional ability ,medicine.symptom ,business ,education ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Abstract
Background The elderly are a vulnerable section of the population who are prone to physical, mental, social, and economic deprivation. The effect of COVID-19 had a worldwide impact on all age groups, with a particularly higher mortality and morbidity rate among the elderly population. The present study was undertaken to know about the psychological morbidity in the geriatric population during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was cross-sectional and was done through a telephonic survey. Eligible elderly subjects were contacted telephonically, and the Geriatric Anxiety Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale were administered. To evaluate the functional ability of elderly subjects, the Everyday Abilities Scale for India (EASI) scale was administered. For the telephonic survey, verbal consent was sought. Results A total of 92 elderly subjects were included. Male outnumbered the females with a ratio of 1.8:1. Spouse and children were primary caregivers in 83.7% of the subjects. 90.2% were married, and 66.3% had earned a graduate/professional level of education. Chronic illness was present in 50% of subjects. The most common co-morbidities were hypertension (27.2%) and diabetes (21.7%). The proportion of elderly with anxiety and depression was 8.7% and 15.2% respectively. Conclusion The elderly showed lower levels of anxiety and depression. Higher resilience among the elderly and good family support may be the reasons for such an unexpected finding. However, more studies are required to validate the findings of the current study.
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- 2021
24. Role of Meditation in Ameliorating Examination Stress Induced Changes in Cardiovascular and Autonomic Functions
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Anumeha Bhagat, Shival Srivastav, Anita S. Malhotra, Ravi Rohilla, Ajeet K. Sidana, and K. K. Deepak
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General Neuroscience - Abstract
Background Examination stress is a very well-known model of psychological stress in students. It induces changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), along with changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), due to autonomic perturbations. Purpose To find out if Raj Yoga meditation (RYM) practice affects autonomic and cardiovascular function in healthy young subjects during periods of examination stress. Our primary objective was to evaluate the effect of one month of supervised RYM practice on ameliorating examination-induced changes in cardiovascular and autonomic function. The secondary objective was to measure the stress levels of medical students before and after RYM. Methods Pre-training measurements of SBP, DBP, HRV, and BRS were done, and the Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) was administered to 80 participants one month before examinations. They were then trained in RYM. Post-training assessment of the same parameters was done after examinations and also after two months. Results In our study, RYM training decreased DBP ( p = 0.01) but not SBP. BRS showed a trend towards an increase after RYM practice, but it was not statistically significant ( p = 0.44). The standard deviation of the NN interval (SDNN) ( p = 0.03), low-frequency (LF) nu (0.003), and high-frequency (HF) nu (0.04) showed a statistically significant change. Average RR, median RR, average rate, square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD), pRR, total power, LF (µs2), and LF/HF ratio were not statistically significantly different between the three groups. There was a statistically significant decline in MSSQ scores for MSSQ I ( p = 0.04), MSSQ II ( p = 0.04), and MSSQ IV ( p = 0.03). Conclusion Short-term practice of supervised RYM during stressful periods is protective for the cardiovascular and autonomic systems and decreases stress in medical students.
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- 2023
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25. The Social Capital among Elderly Population of Chandigarh: Cross Sectional Study
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Navpreet Singh, Kiranjit Kaur, Naveen Krishan Goel, Manish Sharma, Mamta Bishnoi, and Ravi Rohilla
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social participation ,030505 public health ,Cross-sectional study ,communityelderly ,self report ,onyx bullen scale ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Environmental health ,Elderly population ,social capital ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Social capital - Abstract
Introduction: Social capital is defined as social cohesion among communities. This refers to processes between people which establish network, social trust and co-operation and mutual benefit. The present study was conducted to know the status of social capital among elderly population of Chandigarh city, India. Methods: The study was conducted from January to April 2017. The study was community based using convenience sampling. A total of 300 elderly subjects were selected for interview from the electoral rolls. The survey instrument was modified Onyx and Bullen scale consisting of 30 items with responses on likert scale from 1-4. Results: Mean age of respondents was 66.47 years. Male: Female ratio was 1.4:1. 45.7% owned their residence whereas 54.3% lived as tenants. Social capital score of majorities of elderly was good (63.7%) followed by average (19.3%).Highest mean scores were received for questions namely: would you help someone if their vehicle breaks down (3.03±0.69), do you agree to helping yourself when you help others (3.15±0.78) and have you visited your neighborhood in the past week (3.01±0.82). Poorest scorewere received for questions: while on shopping, are likely to run into friends (1.11±0.53) and have you done a favor for a sick neighbor in last 6 months (1.33±0.53). Conclusion: Social capital status among elderly of Chandigarh city was good andhigher scores were seenamong males. Highest mean scores were seen in factor 4 (proactivity in social context) and lowest among family and factor 5 (friend’s connections).
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- 2021
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26. Psychiatric morbidity and substance use in migrant workers: A population based study
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RK Solanki, Priti Arun, Sanjay Bahri, B S Chavan, Ravi Rohilla, Himanshu Sharrma, Raviprakash Sharma, Saikat Chakraborty, Gurvinder Pal Singh, Mankirat Kaur Murara, Chitra Singh, Ajeet Sidana, Madhur Verma, Dushant, and Jitender Aneja
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Transients and Migrants ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Substance-Related Disorders ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Migrant workers ,India ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,030227 psychiatry ,Population based study ,Substance abuse ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Substance use ,Migrant population ,Psychiatry ,business - Abstract
Background: The prevalence of mental health problems and substance abuse in the migrant population is higher than the general population. Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence and pattern of mental health issues and substance use in the migrant population and highlight the association with the reverse migration of migrant workers. Methodology: The field staff visited the shelter homes for migrant population in four cities of Northern India (Chandigarh (UT), Bhatinda (Punjab), Panchkula (Haryana) and Jaipur (Rajasthan). After maintaining the social distance and wearing masks by the staff and migrants, written informed consent was taken for participation in the study. The socio-demographic details of reverse migrants were noted down and Hindi version of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for mental health problems and screening tool for pattern of substance abuse was administered. Geographically matched undisplaced were also administered these tools. Results: A total of 275 reverse migrants and 276 undisplaced were included in the study. The prevalence of ever use for all the substances among reverse migrants was 44.4% (122/275) and among undisplaced, it was 45.3%. The prevalence of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis was higher than the general population. The prevalence of at least one diagnosis on PHQ-9 is 13.45% (reverse migrants 19.3% and undisplaced 7.6) and the prevalence of other depressive disorder is significantly higher in reverse migrants (17.1%) than undisplaced (4.0%). Conclusion: The study concludes that prevalence of mental health issues and substance abuse in migrant population is significantly higher than the general population and the prevalence of at least one diagnosis and other depressive disorder is significantly higher in reverse migrants than undisplaced.
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- 2021
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27. Pattern of Injuries in Indian Wrestlers
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Ekta Chhikara, Shalini Agarwal, and Ravi Rohilla
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,030229 sport sciences ,Knee Joint ,Injury rate ,Rate ratio ,Trunk ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Injury prevention ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,Shoulder joint ,business ,Knee injuries ,human activities - Abstract
Objectives: Wrestling is a popular sport the world over. As one of the sports played during the Olympic games, it sees high player participation at both school and scholastic levels. However, player to player contact and its arduous nature leads to a high incidence of injuries. In spite of this, it has received little attention, especially with respect to injury rate in the Indian wrestlers. Hence, our aim was to study their pattern in these wrestlers. Material and Methods: We performed an observational study involving 190 wrestlers who were followed up over a period of 2 years. Their injuries were studied by means of a structured questionnaire, which they filled up with assistance from their athletic trainers. Results: A total of 184 injuries occurred in 190 wrestlers (≥16 years) with an injury rate of 5.08/1000 athlete exposure (A-E). There were 47.83% new injuries, while 52.1% were recurrent. Injuries that occurred during practice sessions were more than those during competitions. Most injuries occurred to the knee joint, followed by the shoulder joint. Ligament sprains and muscular strains were the most frequent injuries. Wrestlers practicing Freestyle (FS): Greeco-roman (GR) was 5.3:1. Statistically significant injuries to the trunk occurred in those practicing FS style. Ten wrestlers were operated for knee injuries. Conclusion: Indian wrestlers are at risk of higher injury rates, with the majority being recurrent and occurring mostly in practice sessions. The knee joint is most commonly involved, followed by the shoulder. FS is the preferred style and more commonly associated with trunk injuries. The goal of our study was to study the pattern of injuries in the Indian wrestler and to minimize the risk of injury by understanding the factors responsible.
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- 2020
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28. Alternate-day add-on therapy with dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: potential benefits and concerns
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Harmanjit Singh, Dinesh Joshi, Seerat Narula, Mandeep Singla, Ravi Rohilla, and Jagjit Singh
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Blood Glucose ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Glucosides ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,General Medicine ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Benzhydryl Compounds - Abstract
Factors such as compliance, cost and safety play a major role in achieving the long-term goal in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Dapagliflozin carries a great potential of becoming an alternate-day therapy because of its favorable pharmacological properties.In this review, we have discussed and hypothesized the potential of dapagliflozin as an alternate-day add-on drug in T2DM patients. We have discussed the properties by virtue of which it carries a potential to become an alternate-day therapy. We have also explained the potential benefits and concerns of using this approach.Alternate-day add-on therapy with dapagliflozin could be a promising approach in reducing the cost, improving the treatment satisfaction and reducing the adverse effects. However, this propsed indication demands an in-depth investigation among T2DM subjects who are not able to achieve glycemic control with standard monotherapy or combination therapy. Pilot studies or some small-scale investigator-initiated trials or academic clinical trials may be carried out to explore this concept. At the same time, large industry sponsored multicenter clinical trials including pharmacoeconomic analyses may be planned to have a more detailed investigation.
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- 2022
29. Stress, Coping, and Resilience Among Home-Quarantined Persons During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From a Community Study
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Subhash Das, Naveen Krishan Goel, Shikha Tyagi, Fayaz Ahmad Paul, Jatwinder Kaur Gaga, Praizy Bhandari, Sahildeep Kaur, Ravi Rohilla, and Parneet Kaur Grover
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Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Communicable Disease Control ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Female ,General Medicine ,Pandemics - Published
- 2022
30. Impact of Helminthic Infections in Pregnancy
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Menka Verma, Surbhi Gupta, Ravi Rohilla, and Jai Prakash
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- 2022
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31. Contraceptive awareness and practices in reproductive age couples: A study from urban slums of Punjab
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ParneetKaur Grover, Surbhi Rattan, Meenu Kalia, Ravi Rohilla, Shaily Dandona, ManojK Sharma, Praizy Bhandari, Manjesh Dalal, and NaveenK Goel
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Developing countries are characterised by high birth rates and explosive population growth. With a lower contraceptive usage rate among eligible couples and resistance towards family planning methods, the goal of population stabilisation looks distant. The present study was conceived to assess knowledge, attitude and practices regarding contraceptive usage and to identify the barriers in reproductive-age couples in an urban slum area.The present study was cross-sectional in nature and was conducted in an urban slum. Three hundred married subjects were enrolled through a convenient sampling technique. One member of the married couple was interviewed for the present study. Data were collected through a semi-structured proforma.67% of the participants were using one or another contraceptive. Higher contraceptive usage was seen in more educated participants. Awareness was higher in males regarding contraception. Condom was the most known method for contraception. Three fourth of the participants agreed with two-child norm. Preference for a male child was less than 50% in both genders. Current users of condoms and oral contraceptive pills were 71.8% and 7.1%, respectively. Wanting children, fear of side effects and lack of knowledge were cited as reasons for not choosing family planning methods.With a suboptimal level of awareness and attitude among respondents regarding contraceptive methods, there exists a gap between awareness and practice. Misconceptions regarding contraceptive methods can be allayed through health education, involvement of the community and religious leaders and peer counselling.
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- 2021
32. Impact of social distancing on young students: Do educational activities positively influence their emotional wellbeing?
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Garima Shivhare, Jyotsna Singh, Ravi Rohilla, Rafika Munawara, and Kanchan Kapoor
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Social distance ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Published
- 2020
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33. Introducing Communication Skills Training among Interns using Attitude, Ethics, and Communication Module
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Meenu, Kalia, Ravi, Rohilla, Amrit, Virk, and Naveen Krishan, Goel
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Communication skills are the backbone for patient care services such as patient interviews, counseling the patient, and explaining treatment options. The present study was conceived to evaluate the communication training program and perceptions of medical interns and faculty regarding the same.Sixty medical interns were included in this cross-sectional study. Training on communication skills was imparted which was later assessed on the basis of Kalamazoo scale. Attitude of the interns regarding communication skill training was assessed using Rees and Sheard Scale. The attitude of faculty regarding introduction of communication skill was also assessed.The mean score on Kalamazoo Consensus Scale was 19.65 ± 4.97 with a range of 10-29. Females had a higher score (21.09 ± 5.80) as compared to males (17.88 ± 3.21), but this was not statistically significant (The ability to communicate effectively is a core competency expected of medical graduates and communication skills training of medical students and interns with the help of didactic lectures, role plays, and videos, etc., can go a long way in improving their communication skills.
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- 2021
34. Factors Leading to Reverse Migration Among Migrant Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Raviprakash Sharma, Madhur Verma, Bir Singh Chavan, Jitender Aneja, RK Solanki, Ravi Rohilla, Mankirat Kaur Murara, Gurvinder Pal Singh, Sanjay Bahri, Ajeet Sidana, Priti Arun, Dushant Bhanwra, Chitra Singh, Saikat Chakraborty, and Himanshu Sharma
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Adult ,Employment ,Male ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Adolescent ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Cross-sectional study ,media_common.quotation_subject ,India ,Young Adult ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Medicine ,Family ,Socioeconomics ,Aged ,media_common ,Transients and Migrants ,business.industry ,Dry cough ,Migrant workers ,COVID-19 ,social sciences ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Feeling ,Multicenter study ,Communicable Disease Control ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,population characteristics ,Female ,business ,Psychosocial ,geographic locations - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the various psychosocial factors associated with reverse migration among migrant workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in India. METHODS: A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted at 4 sites in Northwest India. The migrant workers were recruited from various shelter homes, and information was gathered from reverse migrant workers and controls using various tools including a sociodemographic profile; knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire; and reasons for migration and reverse migration questionnaires. A total of 275 reverse migrant workers and 276 controls participated in the study. RESULTS: There was a considerable difference between reverse migrant workers and controls regarding the question of whether it was safe to travel during lockdown (76.0% vs 26.4%, respectively). The most common route of spread of COVID-19 infection was through touching and sneezing, and symptoms were fever, dry cough, and sore throat in both groups. Reverse migrant workers had low self-esteem and were reluctant to participate in customs of their migration city. A large number of reverse migrant workers reported that they had no money to survive, worried about family back home at their village, felt pressured by family members to come back to the village, and had been terminated from their job. CONCLUSIONS: Reverse migrant workers had the attitude that it was safe to travel during the lockdown. About one-fifth of the reverse migrant workers reported no place to live and fear of getting an infection. The reverse migrant workers also reported feeling low and gloomy, restless, and uncertain about the future and fear of death. Lack of jobs was a major factor driving migrant workers from their native homes.
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- 2021
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35. Coping With Craving and Withdrawal Due to Substance Use Disorders During the COVID-19 Lockdown
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Bir Singh Chavan, Ravi Rohilla, Ajeet Sidana, and Jasvir Singh
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coping (psychology) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,India ,Craving ,Detoxification ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,Medical prescription ,Psychiatry ,media_common ,Kindling ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Abstinence ,medicine.disease ,Health Surveys ,Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ,Discontinuation ,Substance abuse ,Communicable Disease Control ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic remitting and relapsing disorder, and abrupt discontinuation of the substance due to nonavailability in the absence of treatment precipitates withdrawals and craving. The objective of this study was to assess the craving and withdrawal coping mechanisms used by patients with SUDs as a result of disruption in availability of substances and medications due to sudden lockdown in response to coronavirus disease 2019. METHODS: A survey was administered via telephone from June 25, 2020, to July 15, 2020, to patients who had previously attended the substance use clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India from January 1, 2020, to March 21, 2020 (up to the time of lockdown). Sociodemographic and clinical details were obtained from case record files. A 16-item questionnaire was developed to collect information on coping with craving and withdrawal symptoms. A total of 215 patients were registered in the substance use clinic during this period for the treatment of SUDs, and of those, 43 could not be contacted due to various reasons such as wrong contact numbers, patient expired (not related to substance withdrawal), or not willing to talk. The mean age of the subjects was 37.05 (SD = 13.22) years, and men outnumbered women. The remaining 172 patients were contacted via telephone, and responses were gathered regarding withdrawal symptoms and coping with craving. RESULTS: More than two-thirds of the patients were still maintaining abstinence from their primary substance of abuse during lockdown. A large number of patients (n = 41, 43.2%) reported difficulty in obtaining prescribed medication for detoxification without renewal of their prescription. More than 66% of patients reported that they were able to control their craving, and many kept themselves busy with household activities. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients who had completed the acute phase of withdrawals were able to maintain abstinence in the absence of renewal of prescribed medication and substance of abuse due to sudden disruption in supply. The patients were able to use certain strategies to control their craving.
- Published
- 2021
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36. The Comparative Study on Stress of Medical and Engineering Students by Using Kessler’s k-10 Questionnaire
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Joshil kumar Behera, B Venkatashiva Reddy, Ravi Rohilla, and Avinash Prabhakar Kulkarni
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Response rate (survey) ,High prevalence ,education ,Stress (linguistics) ,Context (language use) ,Cognitive skill ,Psychology ,Stress level ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Context: Many studies in medical students show that they experience a high level of stress in Undergraduatecourse(1,2,3,4,5). This high level of stress has detrimental effect on learning and cognitive functioning ofstudents(6).Aim: To determine the level of stress in medical and engineering students using K 10 questionnaire.Results: The response rate of students for questionnaire was 85.6%. High prevalence of stress was noted(experienced both by male and female) in medical compared with engineering students. Stress levels werehigher in first year and final year among medical students. Stress level subsided as the year of study inprofessional course progressed.Conclusion: Stress was found in both medical and engineering students with higher stress levels in femalesas compared to males. There is a pressing need to teach students to handle stress.
- Published
- 2020
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37. A cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding thyroid disorder among university students, Chandigarh, India
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Charu Sharma, Ravi Rohilla, and Manoj Kumar
- Abstract
Background: Globally, despite being the most prevalent chronic medical condition, thyroid disorder is one of the most under-diagnosed and overlooked health problems which account for a significant number of complaints in adolescents, and adults. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and awareness among students related to the spectrum of thyroid diseases.Methods: This was a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study conducted at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India between February 2020 and August 2020. Purposive sampling was employed. The nature of the data was quantitative and was analyzed through statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) (version 20.0).Results: Out of 224 students enrolled, of which 60.7% were females, 38.9% were males, and 0.4% transgender with a mean age of 23.52±2.47 (max-min=18-32 years). Around 45.2%, 55.7%, and 46.1% students had incorrect/no knowledge that irregular menstrual cycles, swelling in the neck, and stress/depression were manifestations of thyroid disorder, respectively. Students had poor knowledge regarding various risks associated with thyroid such as infertility (56.2%), hereditary disorder (46.1%), and medications causing thyroid (58%). 65.7% were not aware that thyroid disorder affects the level of IQ. 43.4% respondents undergone thyroid screening on the suggestion of a doctor (50.5%), while 7.4% self-prescribed themselves after reading on online portals. Significant associations were found between gender and the different levels of knowledge and awareness.Conclusions: This study identified significant lacuna in the knowledge and awareness about the symptoms, factual statements, and fallacies associated with the thyroid disorder.
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- 2022
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38. Prevalence of mental health disorders among health-care providers of COVID-19 positive and suspected cases
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Subhash, Das, Dasari, Harish, Shikha, Tyagi, Ravi, Rohilla, Ira, Domun, Apoorva, Garg, Mallikarjun A, Pandargiri, and Shaminder, Singh
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General Medicine - Abstract
Health-care providers (HCP) engaged in demanding work like being involved in the care of COVID-19 positive and suspected cases are likely to have a lot of stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. It will be noteworthy to have an idea about the magnitude of the mental health problems in them to formulate effective intervention strategies for their well-being.The aim of this study is to determine whether frontline HCP engaged in the treatment and care of COVID-19 positive and suspect cases experienced increased mental health problems.Two hundred and fifty-one frontline HCPs engaged in COVID-19 duty and 97 nonfrontline (controls) HCP were assessed and compared using tools like General Health Questionnaire 12, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Appropriate statistical tools such as analysis of variance and Chi-square were used.Frontline HCP who were directly involved in COVID-19 duty had a higher proportion (28.3%) of psychological morbidities as compared to 19.6% among controls; HCP-frontline had significantly 2.17 times chances of having psychological distress compared to HCP controls. Among, HCP-frontline 13.1% had clinical depression, whereas in the HCP control, this was 6.2%. Further, 20.3% of HCP frontline and 10.3% of HCP control had clinical anxiety, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (Frontline HCPs working in demanding work such as COVID-19 patient care are susceptible to psychological distress, anxiety, and depression which warrant urgent attention.
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- 2022
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39. Electrophysiological evaluation of audiovestibular pathway dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and its correlates: A case-control study
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Ravi, Rohilla and Anoushka, Chaudhary
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Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
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40. Study of Domestic Violence among Currently Married Females of Haryana, India
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Vinod Chayal, Savita Chahal, Anuradha Nadda, Ravi Rohilla, J. S. Malik, and Varun Arora
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030106 microbiology ,prevalence ,RC435-571 ,Reproductive age ,Domestic violence ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Socioeconomics ,injuries ,Conflict tactics scale ,Psychiatry ,Rehabilitation ,Sexual violence ,Currently Married ,Law enforcement ,Clinical Psychology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,female ,Original Article ,Rural area ,Psychology - Abstract
Background: No nation is untouched by domestic violence, and it is well-known that domestic violence has serious impact on women's health and well-being. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of domestic violence and injuries owing to domestic violence among currently married women. Materials and Methods: This was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in the rural and urban areas of Haryana. In total, 880 currently married females of the reproductive age group were interviewed using the Women's Questionnaire (used in National Family Health Survey-3) which is according to the Modified Conflict Tactics Scale. Results: Totally, 37% of the females had ever experienced domestic violence and 28.9% currently experienced domestic violence. All types of violence (except sexual violence) were significantly more common in the rural area than the urban area. Injuries owing to domestic violence were reported by more than half (55.4%) of the women. Among spousal violence, emotional violence was the most common type of violence followed by physical violence. Only 0.1% and 4.5% of females had ever initiated physical and emotional violence respectively, against their husbands, and in rest of the cases, it was the husband who initiated violence. Conclusion: Awareness regarding domestic violence needs to be made, and law enforcement regarding it needs to be made stringent. Rehabilitation of victims of domestic/spousal violence should also be considered on priority.
- Published
- 2018
41. Case report of Immune Mediated Necrotising Myositis: A rare of infl ammatory myopathy
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Anubha, Garg, Gourab, Bhaduri, and Ravi, Rohilla
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Muscular Diseases ,Myositis ,Humans ,Autoantibodies - Published
- 2020
42. Magnetic resonance imaging of lumbar trunk parameters in chronic low backache patients and healthy population: a comparative study
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Sushil Kumar Yadav, Sushma Sood, Ravi Rohilla, Rohtas Kumar Yadav, and Roop Singh
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ,Lumbar vertebrae ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Lumbar ,medicine ,Back pain ,Humans ,Abdominal Oblique Muscles ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Intervertebral Disc ,Aged ,030222 orthopedics ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Lumbosacral Region ,Torso ,Intervertebral disc ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Trunk ,Low back pain ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Case-Control Studies ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Low Back Pain ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the lumbar trunk parameters by MRI and investigate their association with chronic low backache. Fifty patients (26 males and 24 females) with mean age 33.54 ± 8.33 years with a history of low back pain (LBP) of minimum 3 consecutive months constituted the study group (Group A). To match with the study group, 15 normal healthy volunteers (9 males and 6 females) with no history of back pain were selected (Group B). Both the groups were subjected to magnetic resonance imaging of lumbosacral spine and lumbar trunk parameters were calculated. Trunk width, depth and skin angle were comparable at L3–L4, L4–L5 and L5–S1 disc levels; significant difference with regard to disc angle of L3–L4 (p = 0.005) and L4–L5 (p = 0.02) and cross-sectional area (CSA) of disc at L4–L5 level (p = 0.01) was observed between two groups. There was a tendency of smaller CSA of paraspinal and abdominal oblique muscles in Group A patients, but the measurements were not statistically different from Group B patients. Rectus abdominis muscles showed a unique pattern of larger CSA at L3–L4 and L4–L5 disc levels and smaller CSA at L5–S1 in LBP patients. Intervertebral disc degenerative changes on MRI were observed in 27 (54 %) patients in the Group A; and none of the Group B participants showed degenerative changes. Tendency of smaller trunk musculature CSA may be a cause or a result of chronic LBP. A unique pattern of larger CSA at L3–L4 and L4–L5 disc levels and smaller CSA at L5-S1 of Rectus abdominis muscles is observed in LBP patients compared to healthy persons. Differences in disc angles and CSA of disc at L3–L4 and L4–L5 levels between the two groups signify that these may be the predisposing factors leading to LBP due to abnormal load/stress transmission and precipitating early degenerative changes in the disc.
- Published
- 2016
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43. Relationship between occurrence of atorvastatin induced muscle adverse effects, serum vitamin D and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels: A cross sectional observational study
- Author
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Shivani Jaswal, Harsheen Kaur Manaise, Ravi Rohilla, Harmanjit Singh, Rajiv Kumar, Jeet Ram Kashyap, Jagjit Singh, and CS Gautam
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Serum vitamin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Atorvastatin ,Low density lipoprotein cholesterol ,Toxicology ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Observational study ,business ,Adverse effect ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2020
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44. Evaluation of the Correlation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Electrodiagnostic Findings in Chronic Low Backache Patients
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Rohtas Kumar Yadav, Sushma Sood, Ravi Rohilla, Roop Singh, and Sushil Kumar Yadav
- Subjects
030506 rehabilitation ,electromyography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Nerve root ,business.industry ,Vastus medialis ,Sural nerve ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Chronic low backache ,General Medicine ,Electromyography ,Low back pain ,Nerve conduction velocity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nerve conduction study ,Medicine ,magnetic resonance imaging ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,nerve conduction - Abstract
Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common medical complaints and leading cause of workforce loss in many countries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly sensitive method for the detection of lesions in the spine because of its excellent imaging of anatomical detail. However, MRI does not provide information about physiological nerve function and has relatively low specificity. Electrodiagnostic (EDX) study, including needle electromyography (EMG), is a specific test to assess the physiological functions of nerve roots or peripheral nerves. The aim of the present study was to correlate the electrophysiological and MRI findings in chronic low backache patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients (26 males and 24 females) with mean age 33.54 ± 8.33 years with a history of LBP of minimum 3 consecutive months were evaluated with MRI and EDX (bilateral nerve conduction study of three nerves [tibial, peroneal, and sural nerve] and bilateral EMG of three muscles [paraspinal, tibialis anterior, vastus medialis]) studies. Results: Twenty-seven patients showed disc involvement on MRI and 23 MRI were normal. Mean conduction velocity was mildly decreased in tibial and sural nerves in all the patients either with normal MRI or disc involvement on MRI. In disc involvement conduction velocity, decrease was more as compared to normal MRI. About 39% patients with normal MRI and 78% patients with disc involvement showed abnormal EMG. This data represented statistically significant association of EDX study with MRI (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In patients with LBP, EDX studies are significantly more correlated with clinical data than MRI. Therefore, EMG may be a useful diagnostic tool to establish management protocols and prevent unnecessary interventions. EDX gives a better representation of physiological status of nerve and muscle, a supra added benefit which MRI lacks. However, MRI gives better visualization of anatomic parameters and structural details which may or may not be associated with chronic LBP.
- Published
- 2018
45. Evaluation of Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram scheme and out of pocket expenditure in a rural area of Northern India
- Author
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Vijay Kumar, Sandeep Chaudhary, Ravi Rohilla, and Sandeep Kumar
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Community based ,Government ,Maternal and child health ,business.industry ,Crowd management ,030106 microbiology ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,Private Facility ,Constant supervision ,03 medical and health sciences ,referral transport ,0302 clinical medicine ,out-of-pocket expenditure ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,Original Article ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Rural area ,business ,diet ,Diagnostics - Abstract
Introduction: The stagnant performance of countries with regard to maternal and child health is linked to low investment in health and out of pocket expenditure (OOP). To address issue of OOP expenses related to maternal and newborn care, Janani Shishu SUraksha Karyakram (JSSK) was launched in the year 2011 in Mewat district of Haryana with the objective to eliminate OOP expenses of obstetric women and sick infants. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was undertaken in rural area of Haryana to know the utilization of JSSK scheme and OOP expenditure. A total of 200 delivered mothers were included as study subjects. The study was conducted from July 20113 to September 2014. Results: Out of 200, 134 subjects delivered in government institutions and hence were eligible for benefits of JSSK scheme. Twenty nine percent of deliveries occurred in private facilities and 17% newborns were sick within 30 days of birth. OOP expenditure was done by 83.5% subjects with median amount Rs. 1100. Most common suggestions given by subjects were the availability of ultrasound facility, cooperative staff and crowd management in hospitals. Conclusion: For reducing OOP expenses, up-gradation and constant supervision is required to maintain the adequacy of services. More evaluation studies need to be conducted to know the utilization pattern of JSSK so as to improve the coverage and removing the bottlenecks to further increase the utilization of JSSK scheme.
- Published
- 2018
46. Prevalence of depression among school going adolescents in an urban area of Haryana, India
- Author
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Aparna Goyal, Ravi Rohilla, Manisha Malik, Bharti Mehta, and Pardeep Khanna
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,geography ,Pregnancy ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Beck Depression Inventory ,medicine.disease ,Urban area ,Mental health ,Substance abuse ,Informed consent ,Intervention (counseling) ,medicine ,Psychology ,Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background: Depression in adolescents often results in suicide, school drop-out, pregnancy, antisocial behavior, substance abuse, progressing in to adult depression functional disability and significant impairment. Depression in adolescents is an under recognized mental health problem. Methods: Cross-sectional study by using simple screening instrument Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) among school-going adolescents in urban Rohtak (Haryana). All the students of class 9 th & 10 th of 3 government schools were included. The data was collected on a predesigned, pre-tested, semi-structured, schedule by interview technique after obtaining informed consent from the concerned adolescents/principals of schools. Statistical analysis has been done with simple proportions and percentages using SPSS20. Results: A total of 374 adolescents participated in the study. More than half of study subjects were found to have scores corresponding to some degree of depression and nearly one in seven was suffering from moderate to severe depression. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the need for screening for depressive symptomatology and identifying adolescents who need further intervention.
- Published
- 2015
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47. Psychological Distress in Undergraduate Medical Students
- Author
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Sat Pal, Ravi Rohilla, and Praveen Prashant
- Subjects
Psychological distress ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2019
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48. Spino-pelvic radiological parameters in normal Indian population
- Author
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Sushil Kumar Yadav, Roop Singh, Ravi Rohilla, Rohtas Kumar Yadav, and Sushma Sood
- Subjects
Pelvic tilt ,Pelvic incidence ,Radiography ,Asymptomatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,lcsh:Orthopedic surgery ,Radiologic parameters ,Back pain ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Lumbar lordosis angle ,Orthodontics ,Spino-pelvic alignment ,030222 orthopedics ,business.industry ,Indian population ,Spine ,Sagittal plane ,lcsh:RD701-811 ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Radiological weapon ,Original Article ,Surgery ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Introduction: There is increasing emphasis on the sagittal spino-pelvic alignment and its interpretation is of critical importance in the management of spinal disorders. A cross-sectional study of several spino-pelvic radiographic parameters was conducted to determine the physiological values of these parameters, to calculate the variations of these parameters according to epidemiological data, and to study the relationships among these parameters. Material and method: Fifty normal healthy volunteers (29 males and 21 females) with no history of back pain were selected and were subjected to standing sagittal spino-pelvic radiographs. All the measurements of various radiographic parameters were performed with use of a software program. A statistical analysis was done to study the relationships among them. Results: The mean values of pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar Lordosis Angle (LLA) were 48.52 ± 8.99 and 58.78 ± 9.51, respectively. There was statistical difference between male and female parameters in LLA, lumbo-sacral angle (LSA), sacral horizontal angle (SHA), sacral inclination angle (SIA), sacropelvic angle (PRS1), pelvisacral angle (PSA), and PI. A majority of parameters had higher values for female subjects when compared to male subjects. PI was positively correlated with LLA, pelvic angle (PA), pelvic overhang (PO), pelvic tilt (PT), sacrofemoral distance (SFD), SHA, and sacropelvic translation (SPT), which were highly significant, whereas LLA was positively correlated with SHA and SIA only. PI and LLA were both negatively correlated with PSA, pelvic thickness (PTH), and PRS1. Conclusions: This study presents the various spino-pelvic radiographic parameter values of a sample of the normal asymptomatic Indian population. There was significant difference in radiographic parameters between males and females in about half of the parameters studied in the sample. The values obtained are comparable with the values presented as normal in the literature. A comparison of the study results with data published about other populations revealed no differences in any of the pelvic parameters between the Indian, Brazilian, and Korean populations.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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49. Lack of awareness of pharmacovigilance among young health-care professionals in India: An issue requiring urgent intervention
- Author
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CS Gautam, Harmanjit Singh, Ravi Rohilla, Rajiv Kumar, and Jagjit Singh
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,education ,Significant difference ,Adverse drug reactions ,Pharmacovigilance Programme of India ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Tertiary care ,Teaching hospital ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adr reporting ,Intervention (counseling) ,Family medicine ,Health care ,Pharmacovigilance ,Medicine ,Original Article ,knowledge attitude and practices pharmacovigilance ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Drug reaction ,business - Abstract
Background: Young healthcare professionals (HCPs) are the pillar of healthcare system. The objective of the present study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of young HCPs regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reporting. Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted on young HCPs in a tertiary care teaching hospital of North India. The study instrument was semi-structured, prevalidated questionnaire. The responses obtained were compared among doctors and nursing professionals. Results: We obtained response from 84 HCPs (61 doctors and 23 nurses). The mean age of the doctors and nurses was 25.0 ± 2.4 versus 26.3 ± 3.4 years, respectively. No significant difference was observed in questions related to definition of ADR, components of pharmacovigilance (PV), who can report ADRs and medications for which ADRs are to be reported. Only 9.8% doctors and 26.1% nurses were aware of ADR reporting system in India, of which 6 (26%) nurses and none of the doctors were aware of its name. About 16.4% doctors as compared to 61% nurses admitted to have reported an ADR (P < 0.001). The main discouraging factor in ADR reporting was time constraint while lack of knowledge was also highlighted by the HCPs. More nurses as compared to doctors (78.3% vs. 49.2%, P = 0.01) were of the opinion that holding continuing medical education/workshop could encourage reporting. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to increase awareness about PV among young HCPs, and adequate interventions should be instituted to encourage PV practices.
- Published
- 2018
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50. Academic use and attitude of the 1styear medical students toward smartphones in a North Indian city
- Author
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Jyoti Rohilla, Kamal Singh, Ravi Rohilla, and Aarti Rohilla
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Medical education ,business.industry ,Population ,Medicine ,Advertising ,The Internet ,Positive perception ,Android (operating system) ,business ,education - Abstract
Objective: Smartphones have evolved from luxury to essential need items in general population nowadays. iOS by Apple, Android by Google, Windows by Microsoft and Blackberry account for the majority of smartphone operating system which are currently in use today. Materials and Methods: The present study was done among 350 students of medical, dental, nursing and physiotherapy streams to know the prevalence of smartphone use and attitude towards its use. Of the 350 students enrolled in the study, 257 completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 73.4%. Results: Out of 222, 198 had android devices, 13 had iPhones, and 11 had other operating systems including Windows and Blackberry. 191 (74.3%) of the subjects had a working email account. Conclusion: First year students have positive perception towards smartphone use and medical schools should encourage the use of medical applications among them. However, students and medical professionals should be cautious of the negative issues with smartphone use.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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