Search

Plant-derived bioactive compounds displayed major therapeutic and chemo-preventive roles in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic malignancies such as cancer and enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation. Antioxidants found in food, such as genkwanin, may reduce oxidative stress and the release of cytokines or pathways that promote inflammation. The goal of this work is to summarize the potential for anticancer effects of genkwanin, a methoxyflavone that is present in a variety of plant species. This review examined and analyzed numerous research studies on identifying, isolating, measuring, and analyzing anticancer properties of genkwanin. The mechanisms involved cellular and molecular activities at various levels, including apoptosis induction and cancer cell growth and proliferation inhibition. Preclinical studies have demonstrated genkwanin’s effects and mechanism of action; however, further research is required to investigate its therapeutic potential thoroughly. Additional research is needed to further our understanding of the pharmacodynamic effects of genkwanin. Additional toxicological study is necessary to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of genkwanin, which would help scientists to elucidate a potent drug candidate for cancer management.

While the patient is asleep and unable to reply, vital bodily processes like breathing and blood circulation are still largely functioning. Comas can emerge as a result of injuries like head trauma or as a side effect of underlying disorders. When the patient’s recovery will occur is not predictable. These individuals require the best treatment and constant monitoring for sustainable care. In this work, patient data is continuously monitored and recorded without human intervention, contributing to a sustainable healthcare approach. Unexpected variations in the patient’s usual range of physical parameters are detected, whether they are awake and blink their eyelids or experience abrupt changes in body temperature. Additionally, the system has the capability to instantly alert a medical expert, ensuring timely intervention. The inclusion of a tilt sensor allows for the detection of even subtle movements, further enhancing the ability to provide sustained monitoring. A medical professional can continuously monitor the patient’s condition as it is displayed on an LCD screen, promoting sustainable and effective healthcare management.

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is mainly produced as an infallible crop in semi-arid and arid areas. Though the impact of salinity on crop production is extensively documented, very limited studies are available demonstrating the interaction between fodder quality and irradiance use efficiency in sorghum. To study such interactions, the present study aimed to evaluate the resource use efficiency in different sorghum lines for fodder evaluation under a varied salinity regime (60 to 120 mM NaCl), on the 2017-18, 2018-19 and 2019-20 kharif seasons. Sorghum grown on June 15, 2018employed higher thermal and heat units than July 2, 2019. Sorghum genotypes' differential quality and yield responses to various temperatures were due to differences in high salinity tolerance during various growth stages. The crop sown on June 15th required the most growing degree days units to reach various phenological stages and physiological maturity. SSG 59-3 maintained higher crude protein, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), crude protein yield, and digestible dry matter at 120 mM NaCl. SSG 593 exhibited maximum green fodder yield (GFY) and dry matter yield (DMY), while PC-5 had the minimum. SSG 59-3 genotype accumulated high radiation use efficiency (281.23 kgha-1 MJ¹), heat susceptibility index (0.42%), and yield stability ratio (87.2%) in both control and stressed environments, while PC-5 showed moderate tolerance to temperature stress and thus recorded a lower heat susceptibility index. Since there is no discernible correlation between the agronomic and fodder quality factors, it is possible to breed for desired qualities using independent associations. The results showed that the SSG 59-3 genotype adopted optimum allocation of resources for biomass production, maximized yield potential, and could be utilized in breeding programs as a potential fodder crop in saline regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. However, treatment options, including surgical resection, transplantation, and molecular drug therapies, are of limited effectiveness. Recent studies have demonstrated that suppressing ferroptosis might be a pivotal signal for liver cancer initiation, thus providing a new way to combat liver cancer. Ferroptosis is a distinct form of controlled cell death that differs from conventional cell death routes like apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. It results from intracellular iron overload, which raises iron-dependent reactive oxygen species. This, in turn, leads to the accumulation of lipid peroxides that further result in oxidative damage to cell membranes, disrupt normal functioning, and ultimately speed up the ferroptosis phenomenon. Ferroptosis regulation is intricately linked to cellular physiological processes, encompassing iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the equilibrium between oxygen-free radical reactions and lipid peroxidation. This review intends to summarize the natural compounds targeting ferroptosis in liver cancer to offer new therapeutic ideas for liver cancer. Furthermore, it serves as the foundation for identifying and applying chemical medicines and natural chemicals that target ferroptosis to treat liver cancer efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant-derived bioactive compounds displayed major therapeutic and chemo-preventive roles in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic malignancies such as cancer and enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation. Antioxidants found in food, such as genkwanin, may reduce oxidative stress and the release of cytokines or pathways that promote inflammation. The goal of this work is to summarize the potential for anticancer effects of genkwanin, a methoxyflavone that is present in a variety of plant species. This review examined and analyzed numerous research studies on identifying, isolating, measuring, and analyzing anticancer properties of genkwanin. The mechanisms involved cellular and molecular activities at various levels, including apoptosis induction and cancer cell growth and proliferation inhibition. Preclinical studies have demonstrated genkwanin’s effects and mechanism of action; however, further research is required to investigate its therapeutic potential thoroughly. Additional research is needed to further our understanding of the pharmacodynamic effects of genkwanin. Additional toxicological study is necessary to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of genkwanin, which would help scientists to elucidate a potent drug candidate for cancer management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Testicular failure, semen related problems and genetic conditions are most usually the cause of male infertility. The male factor accounts for 50% of pair subfertility and 9% of couples worldwide experience infertility, according to the WHO. Male obesity, BMI, lifestyle factors, stress, smoking and alcohol use, caffeine intake, sleep duration, past medical history, and characteristics relating to sperm are all contributing factors (sperm motility, sperm concentration, sperm morphology). One of the main causes of infertility is having a high body weight. Based on their BMI, a person can fall into one of various categories, including obese, fit, or underweight. Smoking may contribute to the fragmentation, reduced motility, and decreased Sperm count. Various lifestyle factors, such as psychological stress, may have an impact on fertility. In this study, we will concentrate on a number of factors that contribute to or cause male infertility. This observational study is ethically supported and free from any conflicts of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• CRISPR/Cas9 ultimately works on site specific nucleases such as ZFNs or TALENs. • Revolutionized CRISPR technology assists researchers for enhanced genome editing. • The era has changed from the conventional use of molecular marker to CRISPR/Cas9 system. • The HDR tool functions to knock-in DNA fragment, as well as allele replacements and recoded genes. • CRISPR/Cas9 system promises a more proven genomic relocation in the coming future. The advent of genetic selection and genome modification method assure about a real novel reformation in biotechnology and genetic engineering. With the extensive capabilities of molecular markers of them being stable, cost-effective and easy to use, they ultimately become a potent tool for variety of applications such a gene targeting, selection, editing, functional genomics; mainly for the improvisation of commercially important crops. Three main benefits of molecular marker in the field of agriculture and crop improvement programmes first, reduction of the duration of breeding programmes, second, they allow creation of new genetic variation and genetic diversity of plants and third most promising benefit is help in production of engineered plant for disease resistance, or resistance from pathogen and herbicides. This review is anticipated to present an outline how the techniques have been evolved from the simple conventional applications of DNA based molecular markers to highly throughput CRISPR technology and geared the crop yield. Techniques like using Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) systems have revolutionised in the field of genome editing. These have been promptly accepted in both the research and commercial industry. On the whole, the widespread use of molecular markers with their types, their appliance in plant breeding along with the advances in genetic selection and genome editing together being a novel strategy to boost crop yield has been reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apigenin (APG) is being investigated for its potential in treating different forms of cancer. It can regulate many cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, invasion, metastasis, and autophagy, via controlling multiple cellular signaling pathways. In addition, this chemical demonstrates a significant preference for cancer cells over healthy cells. This is a crucial factor when compared to other treatments for cancer. However, apigenin is distinguished by its limited ability to dissolve in water, sluggish absorption when taken orally, rapid metabolism, and strong affinity for binding to plasma proteins. Therefore, oral dosing generally results in low plasma concentrations. Nanotechnology is being developed to address the constraints of pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties. It offers a precise and regulated method for delivering drugs, enhancing oral absorption, improving their solubility in water, and reducing side effects. The mechanism of action of apigenin has persuaded the scientific community to acknowledge it as an anticancer drug, hence supporting the utility of apigenin nano formulations as a contemporary therapeutic tool. Nonetheless, diverse nanocarriers for apigenin have effectively addressed inadequate water solubility and non-specificity towards target tissues. This review summarizes diverse biological aspects of apigenin and elaborates on the issues associated with using apigenin nanocarriers to enhance its efficacy in human carcinomas. Subsequent in vivo tests showed its capacity to decrease tumor size, prompting further experimentation with human subjects., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Ongoing competition between disease-causing bacteria and human hosts has resulted in the discovery of a wide array of antibacterials. The advent of antibacterials ushered in a promising period in the realm of microbiology, but its brilliance was short-lived and soon diminished. The excessive and incorrect use of antibacterials results in limited selection pressure on the targeted microorganisms, which in turn promotes the evolution of microbes instead of killing them. Consequently, antibacterial resistance has developed and given rise to strains that are resistant to many drugs, leading to a significant increase in mortality rates. The current review delves into the potential of novel natural phytocompounds as innovative solutions to combat these potential bacterial threats. The review begins by showcasing the modus operandi of conventional antibacterial drugs followed by addressing the mechanisms of resistance to antibacterial agents, which have significantly lowered the efficacy of conventional treatments. In contrast, the review explores the mechanism of antibacterial activity of plant-derived phytochemicals, unraveling the various ways in which natural compounds interact with bacterial targets. Furthermore, the review examines the synergism between plant phytochemicals and conventional antibiotics, showcasing the efficacy of this combinatorial approach in overcoming resistance. The review concludes by summarizing the current research and offering valuable insights into challenges in the use of plant phytochemicals as antibacterial therapeutics. This comprehensive overview reinforces the promise of incorporating modern scientific tools with traditional phytotherapy to develop effective strategies against resistant bacterial pathogens., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Perioperative Neurocognitive (PND) disorders represent a prevalent complication among geriatric patients, manifested in diverse forms of cognitive impairment following anesthesia and surgical procedures. Even though the exact origin of PND disorders is still unknown, neuroinflammation has been identified as a significant contributing factor, particularly in older patients. Hence, this review aims to provide a deeper insight into the underlying mechanism and associated potent therapeutic targets for the efficient management of perioperative neurocognitive disorders. Many factors, such as PRRs, chemokine receptors, immunoglobulin superfamily receptors, and purinergic receptors, are involved in the development and occurrence of perioperative neurocognitive disorders to varying degrees and may be valuable biomarkers for their effective management. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the involvement of neuroinflammation in PND disorders, including their onset and possible therapeutic targets. This review would benefit future researchers in elucidating a better therapeutic approach for the management of perioperative neurocognitive disorders. We have also briefly outlined the clinical trials associated with Postoperative neurocognitive disorders in the last section of the review. Altogether, this review would help the researchers investigate better therapeutics for the management of PND disorders., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Cervical cancer has become a major worldwide health concern that demands attention to women's health and often needs more effective and specialized treatment options. Cervical cancer claims the lives of over 300,000 women globally, ranking as the fourth most prevalent cancer among women. The tumor microenvironment (TME) shapes a distinctive landscape for tumor survival, characterized by factors like immunosuppression, hypoxia, acidity, and nutrient scarcity. Comprising tumor cells, immune cells, mesenchymal cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix, the TME reprograms key aspects of tumor development, uncontrolled proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and response to treatments. Recognizing the TME's pivotal role in tumor progression and treatment responsiveness, targeting the TME has emerged as a potential strategy in cancer therapy. This publication delves into recent TME research, offering a comprehensive overview of the specific functions of each TME component in cancer development and progression. Based on the reviewed literature, it appears that women with cervical cancer may benefit from more effective therapy, fewer side effects, and a higher quality of life in the future. By addressing pressing problems and unmet needs in the field, this review has the potential to significantly alter the course of cervical cancer treatment in the future. Furthermore, it outlines the primary therapeutic targets identified by researchers, which may prove valuable in treating tumors., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)