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Design promotion takes place when there is a need to inform companies, governments or citizens about the benefits design can offer for economic and social development,and how to take full advantage of them. lt can take several forms such as design programmes, support services for businesses and design policies. Although design promotion is practised widely in countries around the world, there is little academic research or background theory to support its advancement. Therefore, this thesis developed an approach to understanding design promotion, its rationale, scope,terminologies, practices and its potential development, through three key studies: (1-)a historical review of design promotion; (2) a survey of current practices and their interrelation with economic development; and (3) case studies of design promotion practices in lndia, Brazil, Korea and Finland. This four-subject sample was then explored in a comparative analysis, which addressed the main objective of this research: the investigation of design promotion strategies in countries at different stages of economic development. Through grounded theory, a seven-category framework emerged from data to guide the comparative analysis. ln the conclusions drawn by this research, significant differences were identified between advanced economies (represented by Korea and Finland) and developing countries (representedby lndia and Brazil) in four of the categories: rationale; design policy; national design system; and national context. ln the other three categories (design programmes;design education; and professional design sector), differences were identified in the individual countries, but there was no evidence to support any generalisation that would characterise contrasting approaches at different stages of economic development. Following the investigation of the individual categories, this research examined their interrelation, which resulted in the recommendation of avenues for further research in the field of design promotion, such as the investigation of systemic failures in national design systems, and the political and economic factors that affect the implementation of national design policies.

This paper reports on work in progress and initial findings of a research project that is comparing existing strategies for design (in promotion, support and policy fields) in four selected countries: Finland, South Korea, Brazil and India. For this specific paper, Finland and Brazil are the case studies compared. The paper explains the criteria for selection of these subjects, based on their stage of development and position on the Global Competitiveness Index (World Economic Forum). The objective of the research project is to investigate how countries with different national contexts adopt different strategies for design in coherence with their positions, weaknesses and strengths. Keywords: Design Policy, Design Strategy, Case Study/Ies, Brazil, Finland, Economic Development.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Adriano Heemann Coorientadora: Dra. Gisele Raulik-Murphy Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Artes, Comunicação e Design, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design. Defesa : Curitiba, 30/09/2019 Inclui referências: p. 166-175 Resumo: Em um cenário onde a economia criativa é cada vez mais relevante e onde o design reconhecidamente participa no conjunto de negócios baseados no capital intelectual, cultural e criatividade, os debates e pesquisas sobre as políticas públicas e iniciativas de design na geração de valor econômico no Brasil ainda são uma área relativamente nova de investigação. Como contribuição para essa área de estudo essa pesquisa teve por objetivo elaborar um modelo orientativo a avaliação e elaboração de programas de design no Brasil. Foram preliminarmente identificadas e analisadas as iniciativas de promoção de design referenciais realizadas no Brasil após a criação do Programa Brasileiro de Design em 1995, quando o design passou a ser oficialmente reconhecido como uma política pública no Brasil. Foram utilizadas abordagens de investigação de campo apropriadas para dados qualitativos, característica própria da atuação do design, como a teoria fundamentada nos dados e teoria da mudança, que geraram os constructos necessários para a elaboração do modelo. O Programa Design Export, uma das iniciativas da APEX-Brasil, que obteve resultados relevantes na disseminação das práticas de design junto ao setor produtivo, foi objeto de estudo de caso para analisar e validar os constructos. O modelo proposto apresenta uma visão original do processo e contempla as diversas dimensões que envolvem a elaboração, gestão e indicadores ou evidências predefinidos na elaboração de uma ação de suporte em design. É focado em gestores e decisores políticos como um apoio no planejamento e avaliação de ações. Ao final da 2- edição do Programa Design Export 2018 a simulação de aplicação do modelo confirmou junto ao comitê coordenador e gestores governamentais a viabilidade sua utilização ao facilitar a visualização de todo o processo, permitindo identificar gargalos do planejamento, execução e avaliação. Assim, o uso do modelo vem facilitar o processo de planejamento e gestão de futuros programas de suporte em design orientados para a realidade brasileira, assim como facilitando identificar pontos a serem aprimorados e replicação de outras iniciativas já realizadas. Palavras-Chaves: Políticas de Design. Promoção de design. Design e desenvolvimento. Centro de Design. Abstract: In a scenario where the creative economy is increasingly relevant and where design is known in the business set based on intellectual, cultural and creative capital, discussions and research about design policies and design initiatives to generate economic value still a lead-off research area in Brazil. As a contribution to the theme, this research developed a guiding model to support elaboration and evaluation of Design programs in Brazil. It was preliminarily identified and analyzed referential design promotion initiatives carried out in Brazil after the creation of the Brazilian Design Program in 1995, when design was officially recognized as a public policy in Brazil. Appropriate approaches were used to analyze qualitative data, proper of design procedure, such as grounded theory and theory of change, which supported to raise the theoretical constructs for the model's elaboration. The Design Export Program, an APEXBrasil relevant initiative to dissemination design practices in the productive sector, was the case study to analyze and validate the constructs. The proposed model presents an original process view and contemplates different dimensions involved in elaboration, management and the definition of goal set or necessaries evidences in a design support strategy. It is focused on managers and policy makers as a planning and evaluation process support. Was performed an applied simulation of this model at the end of the 2nd edition of the Design Export Program 2018, and according to the coordinating committee and government managers its confirmed the use feasibility, helping the whole process visualization, and the bottlenecks identification in planning, execution and evaluation stages. Thus, the use of this model may facilitate the planning and management processes of future design support programs oriented to the Brazilian reality, as well identifying issues to be improved and allows replicating already undertaken well succeed initiatives. Keywords: Design policies. Design promotion. Design and development. Design Center