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2. Camera Calibration through Geometric Constraints from Rotation and Projection Matrices

Author

Waleed, Muhammad, Rauf, Abdul, and Taj, Murtaza

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

The process of camera calibration involves estimating the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters, which are essential for accurately performing tasks such as 3D reconstruction, object tracking and augmented reality. In this work, we propose a novel constraints-based loss for measuring the intrinsic (focal length: $(f_x, f_y)$ and principal point: $(p_x, p_y)$) and extrinsic (baseline: ($b$), disparity: ($d$), translation: $(t_x, t_y, t_z)$, and rotation specifically pitch: $(\theta_p)$) camera parameters. Our novel constraints are based on geometric properties inherent in the camera model, including the anatomy of the projection matrix (vanishing points, image of world origin, axis planes) and the orthonormality of the rotation matrix. Thus we proposed a novel Unsupervised Geometric Constraint Loss (UGCL) via a multitask learning framework. Our methodology is a hybrid approach that employs the learning power of a neural network to estimate the desired parameters along with the underlying mathematical properties inherent in the camera projection matrix. This distinctive approach not only enhances the interpretability of the model but also facilitates a more informed learning process. Additionally, we introduce a new CVGL Camera Calibration dataset, featuring over 900 configurations of camera parameters, incorporating 63,600 image pairs that closely mirror real-world conditions. By training and testing on both synthetic and real-world datasets, our proposed approach demonstrates improvements across all parameters when compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) benchmarks. The code and the updated dataset can be found here: https://github.com/CVLABLUMS/CVGL-Camera-Calibration

Published
2024

5. Code Swarm: A Code Generation Tool Based on the Automatic Derivation of Transformation Rule Set

Author

Mahmood, Hina, Jilani, Atif Aftab, and Rauf, Abdul

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

Automatic generation of software code from system design models remains an actively explored research area for the past several years. A number of tools are currently available to facilitate and automate the task of generating code from software models. To the best of our knowledge, existing software tools rely on an explicitly defined transformation rule set to perform the model-to-code transformation process. In this paper, we introduce a novel tool named Code Swarm, abbreviated as CodS, that automatically generates implementation code from system design models by utilizing a swarm-based approach. Specifically, CodS is capable of generating Java code from the class and state models of the software system by making use of the previously solved model-to-code transformation examples. Our tool enables the designers to specify behavioural actions in the input models using the Action Specification Language (ASL). We use an industrial case study of the Elevator Control System (ECS) to perform the experimental validation of our tool. Our results indicate that the code generated by CodS is correct and consistent with the input design models. CodS performs the process of automatic code generation without taking the explicit transformation rule set or languages metamodels information as input, which distinguishes it from all the existing automatic code generation tools., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023

9. Peer-Review Statements

Author

Magdalena, Radulescu, Majoul, Bootheina, Singh, Satya Narayan, Rauf, Abdul, Appolloni, Andrea, Series Editor, Caracciolo, Francesco, Series Editor, Ding, Zhuoqi, Series Editor, Gogas, Periklis, Series Editor, Huang, Gordon, Series Editor, Nartea, Gilbert, Series Editor, Ngo, Thanh, Series Editor, Striełkowski, Wadim, Series Editor, Magdalena, Radulescu, editor, Majoul, Bootheina, editor, Singh, Satya Narayan, editor, and Rauf, Abdul, editor

Published
2024
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10. Peer-Review Statements

Author

Rauf, Abdul, Zakuan, Norhayati, Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab, Azmi, Ruzita, Zheng, Zheng, Editor-in-Chief, Xi, Zhiyu, Associate Editor, Gong, Siqian, Series Editor, Hong, Wei-Chiang, Series Editor, Mellal, Mohamed Arezki, Series Editor, Narayanan, Ramadas, Series Editor, Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Series Editor, Ong, Hwai Chyuan, Series Editor, Sun, Zaicheng, Series Editor, Ullah, Sharif, Series Editor, Wu, Junwei, Series Editor, Zhang, Baochang, Series Editor, Zhang, Wei, Series Editor, Zhu, Quanxin, Series Editor, Zheng, Wei, Series Editor, Rauf, Abdul, editor, Zakuan, Norhayati, editor, Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab, editor, and Azmi, Ruzita, editor

Published
2024
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12. Construction and Demolition Waste Management in Affluent Economies in Transition: Implementing the 3R Strategy

Author

Saradara, Shadeedha Mohamed, Khalfan, Malik Mansoor Ali, Lara, Juan Carlos Flores, Rauf, Abdul, Fadel, Mutasem El, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Cui, Zhen-Dong, Series Editor, Rotimi, James Olabode Bamidele, editor, Shahzad, Wajiha Mohsin, editor, Sutrisna, Monty, editor, and Kahandawa, Ravindu, editor

Published
2024
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14. Circular Economy in Buildings: Service Life Considerations of Paint

Author

Rauf, Abdul, Efurosibina, Attoye Daniel, Khalfan, Malik, Tariq, Shafiq Muhammed, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Cui, Zhen-Dong, Series Editor, and Casini, Marco, editor

Published
2024
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28. Effect of Reconstruction Activities on English Writing Skills Mechanical Accuracy I (Punctuations) and Mechanical Accuracy II (Spellings)

Author

Rauf, Abdul and Saeed, Muhammad

Abstract

The present study was conducted to find out the effect of reconstruction activities on grade XI students' English writing skills which included mechanical accuracy I (punctuations) and mechanical accuracy II (spellings). The study was carried out employing a pre-test post-test experimental control group design. A government degree college for boys from district Lahore was selected conveniently for intervention. Sixty students of grade XI were randomized into two equal groups. Students of the experimental group were taught for sixteen weeks continuously. Students' English writing skills were measured through a supply-type English writing skills test. Data were analyzed through paired and independent samples t-tests. Results revealed that reconstruction activities had a statistically significant effect on students' English writing skills. English teachers of grade XI are recommended to practice reconstruction activities for teaching and developing students' English writing skills (punctuations and spellings). Students are recommended to experience reconstruction activities to develop their English writing skills: Punctuations and spellings.

Published
2021

30. Business Students' Perceptions of Dutch Higher Educational Institutions in Preparing Them for Artificial Intelligence Work Environments

Author

Abdelwahab, Hanna Rahma, Rauf, Abdul, and Chen, Dadi

Abstract

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) brings new demand to the job market. The concern now is whether higher education institutions (HEIs) have adequately prepared young learners to work in an AI work environment. This research seeks to explore business students' perceptions of their HEIs in the Netherlands in preparing them for AI work environments. A questionnaire-based survey was completed by 95 students from 27 HEIs in the Netherlands. The findings show that these students believe that their HEIs are not optimally equipped at this time and/or have not optimally utilized their facilities to adequately prepare them for AI work environments. This study reinforces the urgency of updating the curriculum and educational facilities for AI work environments and provides suggestions for future research.

Published
2023
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31. Learning-Outcomes-Based Assessments at Universities of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands: Perceptions of Business Lecturers

Author

Rauf, Abdul, Rostás, Kriszta, and Canning, John

Abstract

About ten years ago, concerns were expressed about quality and standards in some universities of applied sciences (UAS) in the Netherlands. In response, a HBO report outlined a series of measures to improve the quality of assessment practices in UAS. This study provides recent analysis of lecturer perceptions of assessments of UAS with a view to exploring how these recommendations have become embedded in the assessment cultures of UAS. The qualitative study with 19 participants teaching at ten different UAS, reveals strong evidence of a staff knowledge gap around outcomes-based assessment.

Published
2023
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32. Peer-Review Statements

Author

Rauf, Abdul, primary, Zakuan, Norhayati, additional, Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab, additional, and Azmi, Ruzita, additional

Published
2023
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45. Graph Fourier Transform based Audio Zero-watermarking

Author

Xu, Longting, Huang, Daiyu, Zaidi, Syed Faham Ali, Rauf, Abdul, and Das, Rohan Kumar

Subjects
Computer Science - Multimedia, Computer Science - Sound, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

The frequent exchange of multimedia information in the present era projects an increasing demand for copyright protection. In this work, we propose a novel audio zero-watermarking technology based on graph Fourier transform for enhancing the robustness with respect to copyright protection. In this approach, the combined shift operator is used to construct the graph signal, upon which the graph Fourier analysis is performed. The selected maximum absolute graph Fourier coefficients representing the characteristics of the audio segment are then encoded into a feature binary sequence using K-means algorithm. Finally, the resultant feature binary sequence is XOR-ed with the watermark binary sequence to realize the embedding of the zero-watermarking. The experimental studies show that the proposed approach performs more effectively in resisting common or synchronization attacks than the existing state-of-the-art methods.

Published
2021

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