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Background: Triphala is a well-known polyherbal formulation widely used as an herbal, complementary and alternative medicine for various ailments, especially for gastrointestinal problems, and it is used as a dietary supplement for long years. Objectives: Objective of this study was to comparatively evaluate the quality of three marketed brands of Triphala tablets (Brand T1 and T2) and capsules (Brand T3) which are available in Sri Lanka. Materials and Methods: This laboratory based experimental qualitative study was done among three brands of Triphala. Phytochemical screening was carried out for all those brands. Physicochemical tests were also performed to determine pH, moisture content, and loss on ignition, ash values and extractive values. Data were analysed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences 23. Results: Physicochemical tests revealed that all three brands failed to comply with pharmacopoeial limits at least in one physicochemical test. According to ANOVA test, there was significant difference between results of physicochemical tests of marketed brands of Triphala. Conclusion: All three Triphala brands did not meet the quality standards. Quality of herbal medicine marketed in Sri Lanka should be monitored and regularized by relevant authorities. Key words: Marketed Brands, Physicochemical Tests, Phytochemical Screening, Quality, Sri Lanka, Triphala.

The iron titanium oxide ilmenite (FeTiO3) is a technologically and economically important mineral in the industrial preparation of titanium-based pigments and spintronic devices. In this study, atomistic simulation techniques based on classical pair potentials are used to examine the energetics of the intrinsic and extrinsic defects and diffusion of Fe2+ ions in FeTiO3. It is calculated that the cation anti-site (Fe‒Ti) cluster is the most dominant defect, suggesting that a small amount of cations exchange their positions, forming a disordered structure. The formation of Fe Frenkel is highly endoergic and calculated to be the second most stable defect process. The Fe2+ ions migrate in the ab plane with the activation energy of 0.52 eV, inferring fast ion diffusion. Mn2+ and Ge4+ ions are found to be the prominent isovalent dopants at the Fe and Ti site, respectively. The formation of additional Fe2+ ions and O vacancies was considered by substituting trivalent dopants (Al3+, Mn3+, Ga3+, Sc3+, In3+, Yb3+, Y3+, Ga3+, and La3+) at the Ti site. Though Ga3+ is found to be the candidate dopant, its solution enthalpy is &gt, 3 eV, suggesting that the formation is not significant at operating temperatures.

Buckminsterfullerene (C60) has been advocated as a perfect candidate material for the encapsulation and adsorption of a variety of metals and the resultant metallofullerenes have been considered for the use in different scientific, technological and medical areas. Using spin-polarized density functional theory together with dispersion correction, we examine the stability and electronic structures of endohedral and exohedral complexes formed between coinage metals (Cu, Ag and Au) and both non-defective and defective C60. Encapsulation is exoergic in both forms of C60 and their encapsulation energies are almost the same. Exohedral adsorption of all three metals is stronger than that of endohedral encapsulation in the non-defective C60. Structures and the stability of atoms interacting with an outer surface of a defective C60 are also discussed. As the atoms are stable both inside and outside the C60, the resultant complexes can be of interest in different scientific and medical fields. Furthermore, all complexes exhibit magnetic moments, inferring that they can be used as spintronic materials.

The use of a germanium-functionalised non-cross-linked polystyrene (NCPS) support to aid the preparation of a 2-anilino-4-arylpyrimidine is described. This compound is a key intermediate en route to various IKK-2 and JNK inhibitors.

Studies on the chromoprotein antibiotic neocarzinostatin The ‘special effects’ of microwaving in radiochemistry. Stable isotopes and membrane transport proteins: chemical synthesis and biochemical analysis by solid state NMR Synthetic aspects of c-deuteriation of enolates Opportunities for isotope labelling via solid phase synthesis with organogermanium linkers Labelled methyllycaconitine (MLA)—a key nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligand Challenges in the preparation of radiolabelled drugs for nuclear medicine The synthesis of carbon-14 labelled PEGs Development of palladium catalysed carbonylations for asymmetric synthesis The versatility of labelled cyanide Poster abstracts on the stability and storage of 14C-labelled compounds The preparation of the P2 receptor agonist 2-[methyl-3H]methylthioadenosine-5′-diphosphate Tritium labelling of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes using Crabtree's catalyst, [Ir(cod)py(PCy3)]PF6 The specific activity determination and confirmation of identity of a radiolabelled peptide using tandem mass spectrometry Design and applicatoin of stable or radiolabelled carbamates Synthesis of the various isotopomers of the MHC II antagonist AZD2315 Synthesis of isotopomers of gefitinib Mercuration/iododemercuration/deiodination: A practical first-line strategy for the rapid preparation of iodinated labelling precursors Deuterium labelling with cycloocta-1,5-dienyliridium(i)1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentan-2,4-dionate: a comparison of D2o and d2 isotope donors Martin D. Kamen (1913-2002): The co-discoverer of carbon-14 An efficient synthesis of [2-14c] ethyl nipecotate Radiosynthesis conducted under cGMP compliance Computer-simulations for the reactor-synthesis of high-activity, high specific activity, teletherapy sources of europium-152 Parallel optimisation of hydrogen isotope exchange mediated by homogeneous catalysts: A collaboration between the isotope groups at molndal and charnwood R&D New opportunities for isotope labelling using solid phase organic synthesis Rapid synthesis of 11C-flumazenil in a micro-reactor placed in the hplc loop: A fast captive solvent method Spatiotemporal imaging of receptor systems using pet

N-Oxidobenzamide derivatives are powerful metal ion chelators. It is used as inhibitors of hypertension, tumor growth, inflammation, infectious agents, asthma, arthritis, Alzheimer’s diseases and more. In this study, Copper (ll) (SRC1 and SRC3) and Cadmium (ll) (SRC2 and SRC4) complexes were synthesized from potassium N-Oxidobenzamide derivative ligands and they were characterized by using various techniques such as Infra-Red spectra, electronic spectra, melting point and conductivity measurements. The electronic spectral study and the melting point analysis revealed that the ligands are coordinated to the metal centre. IR and conductivity analyses confirm the coordination of hydroxamate ions to the metal centre as O, O-bidentate mode via the hydroxyl oxygen and the carbonyl oxygen atoms of the ligands. The proposed molecular structures for the newly formed complexes are also given.

The parallel solid phase synthesis of an 18-member library of 2-substituted pyrimidines is described using a chlorogermane-functionalised resin. The success of the key Pinner-type condensations between a resin-bound enaminone and an array of amidine hydrochlorides highlights the stability of arylgermane linkers (cf. arylsilanes) towards strongly basic/nucleophilic conditions.

The solid-phase synthesis of a cyclic peptide containing the 21-residue epitope found in the A-B loop of the Cepsilon3 domain of human immunoglobulin E has been carried out. The key macrocyclization step to form the 65-membered ring is achieved in approximately 15% yield via an "on-resin" Sonogashira coupling reaction which concomitantly installs a diphenylacetylene amino acid conformational constraint within the loop.

Natural products of plant and animal origin are preferred over synthetic insecticides due to their eco-friendly nature. The use of natural products and their derivatives are being advocated for the control of insect vectors of human diseases. The crude extracts of the fruits of Sapindus emarginatus (a medicinal plant) and the skin of Holothuria atra (a non- edible sea cucumber) were tested under laboratory conditions against Aedes aegypti , a vector of dengue and chikungunya, for their larvicidal properties. Bioassay experiments carried out with crude extracts of S. emarginatus and H. atra revealed LC 50 values of 92.9 and 68.82 ppm respectively. Both crude extracts showed positive result for the presence of saponin. This preliminary study suggests that not only plant but also animal sources can be effectively used to produce less expensive and safe compounds to control mosquito vectors in Sri Lanka.