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is research paper introduces a comprehensive study on /xed points in orthogonal fuzzy metric spaces.,e primary objective is to establish the existence and uniqueness of /xed points for self-mappings satisfying implicit relation criteria in complete orthogonal fuzzy metric spaces. By doing so, our proven results extend and generalise well-known /ndings in the /eld of /xedpoint theory. To demonstrate the signi/cance of the established results, several related examples are provided, serving to support and validate the theoretical /ndings in orthogonal fuzzy metric spaces.,e implications of these results are discussed, shedding light on their potential applications in various practical scenarios. In addition to theoretical advancements, the paper also demonstrates a practical application of our established results in solving integral equations.,is application exempli/es the e7ectiveness and versatility of the proposed approach in real-world problem-solving scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of novel, highly functionalized, C 2-symmetric sulfur-based catalysts is developed and their catalytic applications are explored in asymmetric bromo-, iodo- and seleno-functionalizations of alkenoic acids. This protocol provides the corresponding normal- and medium-sized bromo, iodo and selenolactones in up to 98% yield and 83% stereoselectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, a unique visible-light-induced method for the organochalcogenation of the sp2 C–H bonds of indoles and aniline has been presented using diaryl dichalcogenides (S, Se, and Te) and oxygen as an oxidant avoiding a photocatalyst, base, catalyst, and reagent in acetone at room temperature. This benign protocol allows one to access a wide range of 3-arylselenylindoles, 3-arylthioindoles and even 3-aryltelluroindoles with good to excellent yields. Various functionalities namely, methoxy, and halo either on indoles or aryl dichalcogenides showed amenability to the developed reaction. Furthermore, thiocyanation of the sp2 C–H bonds of indoles has been accomplished by this visible light induced method. A mechanistic understanding by UV-visible, EPR spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry suggests that light induces electron transfer from the electron rich arene to oxygen providing an arene radical cation and a superoxide radical anion. Subsequently, reaction of the radical cation with aryl dichalcogenides provides a diaryl chalcogenyl cation which upon removal of protons gave unsymmetrical 3-indolyl aryl chalcogenides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A transition-metal (TM)-free and halogen-free NaO tBu-mediated oxidative cross-coupling between the sp3 C−H bond of oxindoles and sp2 C−H bond of nitroarenes has been developed to access 3-aryl substituted and 3,3-aryldisubstituted oxindoles in DMSO at room temperature in a short time. Interestingly, the sp3 C−H bond of oxindoles could also react with styrene under TM-free conditions for the practical synthesis of quaternary 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles. The synthesized 3-oxindoles have also been further transformed into advanced heterocycles, that is, benzofuroindoles, indoloindoles, and substituted indoles. Mechanistic experiments of the reaction suggests the formation of an anion intermediate from the sp3 C−H bond of oxindole by tert-butoxide base in DMSO. The addition of nitrobenzene to the in-situ generated carbanion leads to the 3-(nitrophenyl)oxindolyl carbanion in DMSO which is subsequently oxidized to 3-(nitro-aryl) oxindole by DMSO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we examined the suitability of the 3H -imidazo[4,5- b ]pyridine ring system in developing novel anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents incorporating a diaryl pharmacophore. Eight 2,3-diaryl-3 H -imidazo[4,5- b ]pyridine derivatives retrieved from our in-house database were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against nine cancer cell lines. The results indicated that the compounds showed moderate cytotoxic activity against MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, K562 and SaOS2 cells, with K562 being the most sensitive among the four cancer cell lines. The eight 2,3-diaryl-3 H -imidazo[4,5- b ]pyridine derivatives were also evaluated for their COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity in vitro . The results showed that compound 3f exhibited 2-fold selectivity with IC 50 values of 9.2 and 21.8 µmol/L against COX-2 and COX-1, respectively. Molecular docking studies on the most active compound 3f revealed a binding mode similar to that of celecoxib in the active site of the COX-2 enzyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The KOtBu-mediated annulation of acetonitrile with aldehyde was observed, in which the cleavage of four C(sp3)–H bonds occurred and a total of eight new bonds were formed during the synthesis of substituted dihydropyridinones in the presence of peroxide. Furthermore, dihydropyridinones have been transformed into pyridinones using KOtBu in DMSO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A KOtBu-mediated intermolecular oxidativeC–C coupling of nitroarenes with indoles is presented in DMSOat room temperature in an open flask. By using this mild and economicalmethodology, syntheses of β-(2/4-nitroaryl)-indoles with sensitivefunctionalities such as bromo, iodo, cyano, and nitro were achievedchemo- and regioselectively. Synthesized β-(2/4-nitroaryl) indoleswere transformed into densely functionalized biindoles, indoloindoles,and (4-aminoaryl)-indoles which demonstrate post-transformation utilityof the developed methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]