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This paper presents a case study of didactic infrastructures to direct Study and Research Paths (SRP) in teacher education within the context of interdisciplinary inquiry. The disciplines of school mathematics and school biology, and their didactics, are made to interconnect through the investigation of a generating question concerning the illness diabetes. The resulting interdisciplinary knowledge as evidenced through students written diaries is analysed using the Anthropologic Theory of the Didactic and shows the challenge of combining two disciplines and their didactics at the same time. Two particular forms of didactic infrastructure to guide the self-sustained process of SRP are proposed and scrutinized: "Selective picking" and "Side questions." Selective picking is shown to be a promising, yet indirect, infrastructure to steer the SRP without taking away the desired autonomy of the students. Side questions, initially proposed by Ives Chevallard, are considered in light of the case, and a number of suggestions for their characteristics and use are put forward.

This paper deals with the nature of teaching mathematical thinking and presents a case study of a single Japanese lesson where the characteristics of mathematical thinking and the teaching thereof are identified in relation to multiplication. The raison d'être for this teaching is questioned and investigated by looking at how multiplication is described in the curriculum and representative textbook material. It is seen how Japanese teachers are institutionally conditioned to incorporate mathematical thinking in the context of multiplication, something which may appear in contrast to other countries. The lesson is analysed using the notion of praxeologies and didactic co-determination conceptualised in the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic.

This paper takes an institutional perspective on the topic of sustainability in order to analyse how this "idea" enters science teacher education through an interdisciplinary approach. It shows how the development and implementation of a course for Danish pre-service teachers was conditioned and constrained by a complex web of interactions in and among the teaching disciplines of biology, geography and physics/chemistry and among the institutions of school, teacher college and university. The data collected are used to identify influences among the disciplines as well as disciplinary differences, conceptualised through a new reference model that separates the analysis from the usual sustainability dimensions. The findings reveal how sustainability as a teaching topic can be a unifying idea in an interdisciplinary setting. Disciplinary differences evidently impact course planning and implementation significantly, but not exclusively. By elaborating on the interactions between these circumstances, the paper provides insight into the processes of developing interdisciplinary teacher education.

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the post-lesson reflection, carried out in the context of eight cases of lesson study conducted by teams of Danish, lower secondary prospective teachers and their supervisors. The participants, representing different institutions, were all new to the lesson study format. Nevertheless, it is demonstrated how their interaction shape the development of discourse about mathematical learning. The anthropological theory of the didactic is employed as the theoretical approach to analyse the mathematical and primarily didactical praxeologies developed and discussed during the meetings. The study investigates what happens when lesson study, a well-established Japanese "system" for professional teacher development, is transposed to another educational and cultural context, with the aim of enhancing prospective teacher learning during the practicum of a teacher education programme. The findings highlight significant different positions in the discourse during the post-lesson reflection. Specific practice-related knowledge is developed, to the benefit of prospective teachers, educators and researchers alike. This kind of knowledge is of interest and concern to the whole profession of mathematics teachers and the analysis adds to our insight into the potential of lesson study in prospective education as a meeting place where pertinent actors contribute to the expansion and dissemination of shared professional knowledge.

Clinical trial comparing Paclitaxel- and Sirolimus eluting stents is conducted. Findings reveal that the stents used for cardiac ailments do not differ significantly.

Patients with symptoms of a heart attack who are admitted to a community hospital that cannot do angioplasty should be transferred to a larger hospital that can, according to a study of 1,572 patients. This should be done because angioplasty is more effective than drugs that break up blood clots even when treatment is delayed because of the transfer. However, the patient should be transferred in two hours or less if possible.

Abstract Background Coronary angiography is the current standard method to evaluate coronary atherosclerosis in patients with suspected angina pectoris, but non-invasive CT scanning of the coronaries are increasingly used for the same purpose. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and other lipid and lipoprotein variables are major risk factors for coronary artery disease. Small dense LDL particles may be of particular importance, but clinical studies evaluating their predictive value for coronary atherosclerosis are few. Methods We performed a study of 194 consecutive patients with chest pain, a priori considered of low to intermediate risk for significant coronary stenosis (>50% lumen obstruction) who were referred for elective coronary angiography. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins were measured including the subtype pattern of LDL particles, and all patients were examined by coronary CT scanning before coronary angiography. Results The proportion of small dense LDL was a strong univariate predictor of significant coronary artery stenosis evaluated by both methods. After adjustment for age, gender, smoking, and waist circumference only results obtained by traditional coronary angiography remained statistically significant. Conclusion Small dense LDL particles may add to risk stratification of patients with suspected angina pectoris.

A nonstandard ARMA model yields maximum likelihood estimates for attenuated ultrasound pulses in a constant attenuating domain. The model uses inputs similar to those used by short time-period Fourier transform-based methodologies. The model's basis is the spectral difference scheme and uses overlapping and small steps to yield good results.

The back filtering-based maximum likelihood (BFML) method estimates maximum likelihood parameters for nonminimum phase and casual autoregressive moving average models. The BFML scheme is an alternative to more complex statistical methods and is an extension of the prediction-error-based maximum likelihood method. The BFML method yields good estimates for low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and displays a slight bias on the SNR increases.