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3. Analysis of Teaching Human Rights Values at University Level in Pakistan

Author

Rashid, Haroon Ur, Shah, Ashfaque Ahmad, and Sarwar, Muhammad

Abstract

Human rights contribute to peaceful coexistence among citizens, which leads to societal and national progress as well. The present research focused on the analysis of the human rights teaching practices at higher education level in Pakistan. Fifteen (15) heads of departments, 61 teachers, and 419 students of BS programs were selected as a sample from four departments of four public universities of the Punjab (Pakistan). Human Rights (HRs) was considered as an aggregate of nine values; which were here rearranged in descending order of their rank as per their prevalence in teaching practices of the sampled teachers -- truth, integrity, respect for human dignity, freedom and responsibility, equality and justice, acceptance/appreciation of diversity, cooperation, accountability, and honesty. 'Truth' was the most focused value, and 'honesty' was the least. Human Rights Values (HRVs) were being taught less than that of the expectations of the students and teachers. Therefore, HRVs should be taught to the university students more frequently. Keeping in view greater importance of civic engagement and citizenship, Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) can offer a distinct course regarding Human Rights Education in its guiding principles for universities in its sponsorships.

Published
2023

4. Trends of Age at Onset of Menarche Among Indian Women of Reproductive Age and Its Association with the Presence of PCOS and Related Features: A Multicentric Cross Sectional Study

Author

Shukla, Amlin, Ashraf, Ganie Mohd, Sudharsan, V., Arora, Taruna, Rather, Khalid Ul Islam, Chowdhury, Subhankar, Suri, Vanita, Joshi, Beena, Bhattacharya, Prasanta Kumar, Agrawal, Sarita, Malhotra, Neena, Sahay, Rakesh, Jabbar, Puthiyaveettil Khadar, Nair, Abilash, Rozati, Roya, Rashid, Haroon, Wani, Imtiyaz Ahmad, Maan, Pratibha, and Gautam, Rohit

Published
2024
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10. Synthesis, characterization, in silico and in vitro studies of novel glycoconjugates as potential antibacterial, antifungal, and antileishmanial agents

Author

Khan Sher Wali, Nayab Saira, Umar Muhammad Naveed, Khan Momin, Iqbal Anila, Ahmad Nasir, Rashid Haroon ur, Shah Muhammad Ishaq Ali, Gulfam Naila, Zahoor Muhammad, Ullah Riaz, and Ali Essam A.

Subjects
glycoconjugates, glycopyranosyl-α-trichloroacetimidates, glycosylation, antimicrobial, antileishmanial, molecular docking, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

In the present work, several new glycoconjugates (8a–e) were generated from glycopyranosyl-α-trichloroacetimidates (sugar-OTCA) as glycosyl donors and dimethyl-l-tartrate as an aglycone acceptor in good to excellent yields. In the synthetic protocol, various monosaccharides were transformed into pentaacetylated derivatives and then into glycopyranosyl-α-trichloroacetimidates. Afterward, the sugar-OTCA was reacted with dimethyl-l-tartrate using Schmidt’s trichloroacetimidate protocol to give the desired products. The newly synthesized glycoconjugates were characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C-NMR spectroscopic analytical methods. All the target compounds (8a–e) were tested in vitro against various strains of bacteria and fungi at different concentrations. The results revealed that the target compounds had encouraging antibacterial and antifungal potential. The antileishmanial activity of the target compounds against Leishmania tropica promastigotes was also investigated. The in vitro results were further supported by the in silico docking study that indicated minimum values of the docking scores and binding energies for the resulting complexes obtained by the favorable interactions between the target compounds (8a–e) and the selected strains of bacteria and fungi. The docking results proposed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities of the target compounds (8a–e) against the selected bacterial and fungal species.

Published
2024
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14. Mortality, perioperative complications and surgical timelines in hip fracture patients: Comparison of the Spanish with the non-Spanish Cohort of the HIP ATTACK-1 trial

Author

Veevaete, Laurent, Waroux, Bernard le Polain de, Lavand'homme, Patricia, Cornu, Olivier, Tribak, Karim, Yombi, Jean C, Touil, Nassim, Bhutia, Jigme T, Clinckaert, Carol, Clippeleir, Dirk De, Reul, Maike, Patel, Ameen, Tandon, Vikas, Gauthier, Leslie P, Avram, Victoria R.A., Winemaker, Mitchell, de Beer, Justin, Simpson, Diane L, Worster, Andrew, Alvarado, Kim A, Gregus, Krysten K, Lawrence, Kelly H, Leong, Darryl P, Joseph, Philip G, Magloire, Patrick, Deheshi, Benjamin, Bisland, Stuart, Wood, Thomas J, Tushinski, Daniel M., Wilson, David A.J., Haider, Shariq, Bali, Kamal, Kearon, Clive, Manach, Yannick Le, Adili, Anthony, Tiboni, Maria E, Neary, John D, Cowan, David D, Khanna, Vickas, Zaki, Amna, Farrell, Janet C, MacDonald, Anne Marie, Conen, David, Wong, Steven C.W., Karbassi, Arsha, Wright, Douglas S, Shanthanna, Harsha, Coughlin, Ryan, Khan, Moin, Wikkerink, Spencer, Quraishi, Faraaz A, Lawendy, Abdel-Rahman, Kishta, Waleed, Schemitsch, Emil, Carey, Timothy, Macleod, Mark D, Sanders, David W, Vasarhelyi, Edward, Bartley, Debra, Dresser, George K, Tieszer, Christina, Jenkinson, Richard J, Shadowitz, Steven, Lee, Jacques S, Choi, Stephen, Kreder, Hans J, Nousiainen, Markku, Kunz, Monica R, Tuazon, Ravianne, Shrikumar, Mopina, Ravi, Bheeshma, Wasserstein, David, Stephen, David J.G., Nam, Diane, Henry, Patrick D.G., Wood, Gavin C.A., Mann, Stephen M., Jaeger, Melanie T., Sivilotti, Marco L.A., Smith, Christopher A., Frank, Christopher C., Grant, Heather, Ploeg, Leone, Yach, Jeff D., Harrison, Mark M., Campbell, Aaron R., Bicknell, Ryan T., Bardana, Davide D., Feibel, Robert J., McIlquham, Katie, Gallant, Catherine, Halman, Samantha, Thiruganasambandamoorth, Venkatesh, Ruggiero, Sara, Hadden, William J., Chen, Brian P.J., Coupal, Stephanie A., McMahon, Stephen J., McLean, Lisa M., Shirali, Hemant R., Haider, Syed Y., Smith, Crystal A., Watts, Evan, Santone, David J., Koo, Kevin, Yee, Allan J., Oyenubi, Ademilola N., Nauth, Aaron, Schemitsch, Emil H., Daniels, Timothy R., Ward, Sarah E., Hall, Jeremy A., Ahn, Henry, Whelan, Daniel B., Atrey, Amit, Khoshbin, Amir, Puskas, David, Droll, Kurt, Cullinan, Claude, Payendeh, Jubin, Lefrancois, Tina, Mozzon, Lise, Marion, Travis, Jacka, Michael J., Greene, James, Menon, Matthew, Stiegelmahr, Robert, Dillane, Derek, Irwin, Marleen, Beaupre, Lauren, Coles, Chad P., Trask, Kelly, MacDonald, Shelley, Trenholm, J.A.I., Oxner, William, Richardson, C.G., Dehghan, Niloofar, Sadoughi, Mehdi, Sharma, Achal, White, Neil J., Olivieri, Loretta, Hunt, Stephen B., Turgeon, Thomas R., Bohm, Eric R., Tran, Sarah, Giilck, Stephen M., Hupel, Tom, Guy, Pierre, O'Brien, Peter J., Duncan, Andrew W., Crawford, Gordon A., hou, Junlin, Zhao, Yanrui, Liu, Yang, Shan, Lei, Wu, Anshi, Muñoz, Juan M., Chaudier, Philippe, Douplat, Marion, Fessy, Michel Henri, Piriou, Vincent, Louboutin, Lucie, David, Jean Stephane, Friggeri, Arnaud, Beroud, Sebastien, Fayet, Jean Marie, Landais, Paul, Leung, Frankie Ka Li, Fang, Christian Xinshuo, Yee, Dennis King Hang, Sancheti, Parag K., Pradhan, Chetan V., Patil, Atul A., Puram, Chetan P., Borate, Madhav P., Kudrimoti, Kiran B., Adhye, Bharati A., Dongre, Himanshu V., John, Bobby, Abraham, Valsamma, Pandey, Ritesh A., Rajkumar, Arti, George, Preetha E., Sigamani, Alen, Stephen, Manesh, Chandran, Nitheesh, Ashraf, Mohammed, Georgekutty, A.M., Sulthan, Ahamad S., Adinarayanan, S., Sharma, Deep, Barnawal, Satish P., Swaminathan, Srinivasan, Bidkar, Prasanna U., Mishra, Sandeep K., Menon, Jagdish, M, Niranjan, Zk, Varghese, Hiremath, Santosh A., Nc, Madhusudhan, Jawali, Abhijit, Gnanadurai, Kingsly R., George, Carolin E., Maddipati, Atarao, Kp, Mary, Sharma, Vijay, Farooque, Kamran, Malhotra, Rajesh, Mittal, Samarth, Sawhney, Chavi, Gupta, Babita, Mathur, Purva, Gamangati, Shivanand, Tripathy, Vijaylaxmi, Menon, Prem H., Dhillon, Mandeep S., Chouhan, Devendra K., Patil, Sharanu, Narayan, Ravi, Lal, Purushotham, Bilchod, Prashanth N., Singh, Surya U., Gattu, Uttam V., Dashputra, Ravi P., Rahate, Prashant V., Turiel, Maurizio, Blasio, Giuseppe De, Accetta, Riccardo, Perazzo, Paolo, Stella, Daniele, Bonadies, Marika, Colombo, Chiara, Fozzato, Stefania, Pino, Fabio, Morelli, Ilaria, Colnaghi, Eleonora, Salini, Vincenzo, Denaro, Giuseppe, Beretta, Luigi, Placella, Giacomo, Giardina, Giuseppe, Binda, Mirko, Marcato, Anna, Guzzetti, Luca, Piccirillo, Fabio, Cecconi, Maurizio, Khor, H.M., Lai, Hou Yee, Kumar, C.S., Chee, K.H., Loh, P.S., Tan, Kit Mun, Singh, Simmrat, Foo, Li Lian, Prakasam, Komella, Chaw, Sook Hui, Lee, Meng-Li, Ngim, Joanne H.L., Boon, Huck Wee, Chin, Im Im, Kleinlugtenbelt, Ydo V., Landman, Ellie B.M., Flikweert, Elvira R., Roerdink, Herbert W., Brokelman, Roy B.G., Elskamp-Meijerman, Hannie F., Horst, Maarten R., Cobben, Jan-Hein M.G., Umer, Masood, Begum, Dilshad, Anjum, Anila, Hashmi, Pervaiz M., Ahmed, Tashfeen, Rashid, Haroon U., Khattak, Mujahid J., Rashid, Rizwan H., Lakdawala, Riaz H., Noordin, Shahryar, Juman, Naveed M., Khan, Robyna I., Riaz, Muhammad M., Bokhari, Syedah S., Almas, Ayesha, Wahab, Hussain, Ali, Arif, Khan, Hammad N., Khan, Eraj K., Nur, Aamer Nabi, Janjua, Kholood A., Orakzai, Sajjad H., Khan, Abdus S., Mustafa, Khawaja J., Sohail, Mian A., Umar, Muhammad, Khan, Siddra A., Ashraf, Muhammad, Khan, Muhammad K., Shiraz, Muhammad, Furgan, Ahmad, Ślęczka, Paweł, Dąbek, Piotr, Kumoń, Adam, Satora, Wojciech, Ambroży, Wojciech, Święch, Mariusz, Rycombel, Jacek, Grzelak, Adrian, Nowak- Kózka, Ilona, Gucwa, Jaroslaw, Machala, Waldemar, Ramokgopa, Mmampapatla T., Firth, Gregory B., Karera, Mwalimu, Fourtounas, Maria, Singh, Virsen, Biscardi, Anna, Iqbal, Muhammad N., Campbell, Ryan J., Maluleke, Matimba L., Moller, Carien, Nhlapo, Lerato, Maqungo, Sithombo, Flint, Margot, Nejthardt, Marcin B., Chetty, Sean, Naidoo, Rubendren, Guerra-Farfan, Ernesto, Tomas-Hernandez, Jordi, Garcia-Sanchez, Yaiza, Clua, Miriam Garrido, Molero-Garcia, Vicente, Minguell-Monyart, Joan, Teixidor-Serra, Jordi, Villar-Casares, Maria del Mar, Marsa, Jordi Selga, Porcel-Vazquez, Juan A., Andres-Peiro, Jose-Vicente, Aguilar, Marc, Mestre-Torres, Jaume, Colomina, Maria J., Guilabert, Patricia, Gozalo, M Luisa Paños, Abarca, Luis, Martin, Nuria, Usua, Gemma, Martinez-Ripol, Pedro, Posada, M.A. Gonzalez, Lalueza-Broto, Pilar, Sanchez-Raya, Judith, Camarena, Jorge Nuñez, Fraguas-Castany, Antoni, Balaguer-Castro, Mariano, Torner, Pere, Jornet-Gibert, Montsant, Serrano-Sanz, Jorge, Cámara-Cabrera, Jaume, Salomó-Domènech, Mònica, Yela-Verdú, Christian, Peig-Font, Anna, Ricol, Laura, Carreras-Castañer, Anna, Martínez-Sañudo, Luis, Herranz, Susana, Feijoo-Massó, Carlos, Sianes-Gallén, Mònica, Castillόn, Pablo, Bernaus, Martí, Quintas, Saioa, Gόmez, Olga, Salvador, Jordi, Abarca, Javier, Estrada, Cristina, Novellas, Marga, Torra, Mercè, Dealbert, Alfred, Macho, Oscar, Ivanov, Alexia, Valldosera, Esther, Arroyo, Marta, Pey, Borja, Yuste, Antoni, Mateo, Llorenç, Caso, Julio De, Anaya, Rafael, Higa-Sansone, J.L., Millan, Angelica, Baños, Victoria, Herrera-Mateo, Sergio, Aguado, Hector, Martinez-Municio, Gonzalo, León, Ricardo, Santiago-Maniega, Silvia, Zabalza, Ana, Labrador, Gregorio, Guerado, Enrique, Ramirez-Roldan, Alicia, Cruz, Encarnacion, Cano, Juan R, Bogallo, Jose M, Sangasoongsong, Paphon, Kulachote, Noratep, Sirisreetreerux, Norachart, Pengrung, Nachapan, Chalacheewa, Theerawat, Arnuntasupakul, Vanlapa, Yingchoncharoen, Teerapat, Naratreekoon, Bundit, Kadry, Miriam A, Thayaparan, Surendini, Abdlaziz, Ihab, Aframian, Arash, Imbuldeniya, Arjuna, Movahedi, Roya, Omran, Sherif, Vizcaychipi, Marcela P, Correia, Patricia, Patil, Shashank, Haire, Kevin, Mayor, Amy S.E., Dillingham, Sally, Nicholson, Laura, Elnaggar, Mohamed, John, Joby, Nanjayan, Shashi K, Parker, Martyn J, O'Sullivan, Susan, Marmor, Meir T, Matityahu, Amir, McClellan, Robert T, Comstock, Curt, Ding, Anthony, Toogood, Paul, Slobogean, Gerard, Joseph, Katherine, O'Toole, Robert, Sciadini, Marcus, Ryan, Scott P, Clark, Molly E, Cassidy, Charles, Balonov, Konstantin, Bergese, Sergio D, Phieffer, Laura S, Gonzalez-Zacarias, Alicia A, Marcantonio, Andrew J, Borges, Flavia K., Bhandari, Mohit, Nuñez, Jorge H., Castillon, Pablo, De Caso Rodriguez, Julio, Aguado, Hector J., Popova, Ekaterine, Tonelli, Ana Claudia, Balasubramanian, Kumar, Vincent, Jessica, Harvey, Valerie, Kocaqi, Etri, and Devereaux, P.J.

Published
2024
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21. Study of fractional variable order COVID-19 environmental transformation model

Author

Zada Mian Bahadur, Rashid Haroon, Shah Kamal, and Abdeljawad Thabet

Subjects
disease dynamical model, variable order differentiation, existence theory, numerical results, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

In this study, we explore the epidemic spread of the coronavirus using the Caputo fractional variable order derivative as variable order derivative provides a natural extension to classical as well as fractional order derivatives. Using the variable order derivatives in investigation of biological models of infectious diseases is an important area of research in the current time. Using the fixed point technique, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of solution to the corona virus infectious disease 2019 environmental transformation model. In order to demonstrate the existence and novelty of our findings, we examine the results numerically and graphically with the help of Euler’s method. There are several graphs provided that are related to different variable orders.

Published
2023
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27. Normative range of various serum hormonal parameters among Indian women of reproductive age: ICMR-PCOS task force study outcome

Author

Ganie, Mohd Ashraf, Kulkarni, Bharti, Shukla, Amlin, Arora, Taruna, Chowdhury, Subhankar, Suri, Vanita, Joshi, Beena, Bhattacharya, Prasanta Kumar, Agrawal, Sarita, Malhotra, Neena, Sahay, Rakesh, Jabbar, Puthiyaveettil Khadar, Rozati, Roya, Wani, Imtiyaz Ahmad, Sreenivas, V., Srivastava, Mukesh, Nair, Abilash, Koul, Parvaiz, Shah, Zafar Amin, Masoodi, Shariq, Parvez, Tabassum, Yatoo, Ghulam Nabi, Ahmed, Naseer, Gojwari, Tariq, Wani, Muzafar, Qayoom, Seema, Khan, Wahid, Walia, Rama, De, Dipankar, Arora, Aashima, Singh, Tulika, Khanna, Neena, Naik, Nitish, Prakash, Shyam, Gupta, Nandita, Sagar, Rajesh, Sharma, Jai Bhagwan, Kandasamy, Devasenathipathy, Bodhey, Narendra Kuber, Mohapatra, Eli, Siddiqui, Sabah, Kamilya, Gourisankar, Singh, Archana, Mukhopadhyay, Pradip, Mukhopadhyay, Mousumi, Sarkar, Nehar Ranjan, Ruram, Alice Abraham, Abraham, Jessy, Pati, Saroj Kumar, Sahu, Dibakar, Singh, Lokesh Kumar, Lynser, Donboklang, Agrawal, Manika, Anand, Ashok, Begum, Shahina, Patil, Anushree, Mukherjee, Shrabani, Thakkar, Hemangini, Ramaiah, Aruna, Rao, Lakshman, Bindu, Sudha, Ponnuru, Malathi, Ahmad, Nadeem, Rani, Sujatha, Khan, Aleem Ahmed, Ahmed, Sultan Rizwan, Rao, Prabhakar, Nirmala, C., George, Anuja Elizabeth, Leelamma, Jayasree, Jayakumari, Thakur, Gaurav, Noor, Saba, Sharmeen, Shaikh, Meshram, Gaivee Vinam, Aafia Rashid, Shouvik Choudhury, Showkat, Wasia, Bashir, Rohina, Rashid, Rabiya, Adhikary, Pieu, Pramanik, Subhasish, Harish, Rahul, Makhdoomi, Mudasir, Fayaz, Mudasir, Rehman, Nafeez, Ravi, Neha, Kumar, Ajay, Chandrakar, Siffali, Kumar, Nithlesh, Banerjee, Sudipta, Hasan, Gazala, Deshpande, Nitin, Vadhan, Himali, Parab, Rita, Minhaj, Humaira, Bhasker, Balaji, Ahmed, Shaik Iqbal, Babu, Ram, Suresh, Arya, Shah, Idrees A., Rashid, Haroon, and Kulkarni, Bharati

Published
2023
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30. Contributors

Author

Abdel-Raouf, Manar E., primary, Ahmad, Akil, additional, Ahmad, Sajid R., additional, Ali, Nisar, additional, Alshammari, Mohammed B., additional, Anjum, Ph.D, Muzammil, additional, Ansari, Shahid P., additional, Aragaw, Tadele Assefa, additional, Arslan, Chaudhry, additional, Ayalew, Adane Adugna, additional, Ayub, Muhammad, additional, Bilal, Muhammad, additional, Dustgeer, Mohsin R., additional, Gao, Xiaoyan, additional, Gillani, Syed H., additional, Ghotekar, Suresh, additional, Godiya, Chirag Batukbhai, additional, Haque, Md. Morshedul, additional, Hasan, Abdulraheim M.A., additional, Ibrahim, Mohamad Nasir Mohamad, additional, Idris, Mustapha Omenesa, additional, Ismail, Ahmad F., additional, Jaafar, Juhana, additional, Jawaid, Mohammad, additional, Jilani, Asim, additional, Kamaludin, Roziana, additional, Kanwal, Ansa, additional, Khalid, Ph.D, Azeem, additional, Khan, Adnan, additional, Khatoon, Asma, additional, Khurshid, Mohsin, additional, Kian, Lau Kia, additional, Liu, Ph.D, Wei, additional, Malik, Sumeet, additional, Mirza, Muhammad A., additional, Mohammad S, Aleid G., additional, Nasir, Abdul, additional, Ni, Lingli, additional, Niloy, Nahin Mostofa, additional, Othman, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan, additional, Parvin, Fahmida, additional, Qadeer, Ph.D, Samia, additional, Rahman, Mukhlis A., additional, Rashid, Haroon, additional, Roy, Arpita, additional, Ruotolo, Luis A.M., additional, Saba, Naheed, additional, Sarmad, Muhammad, additional, Setapar, Siti H.M., additional, Shakoor, Muhammad B., additional, Siddique, Affia, additional, Siddique, Jamal A., additional, Tareq, Shafi M., additional, Tariq, Waheed, additional, Tayyab, Nafeesa, additional, Yang, Yong, additional, Yaqoob, Asim Ali, additional, Zakria, Hazirah S., additional, and Zubair, Muhammad, additional

Published
2023
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33. List of Contributors

Author

Aleem, Muhammad, primary, Alonso-Cepeda, Antonio, additional, Amani, Sadra, additional, Avallone, Francesco, additional, Bahaj, AbuBakr S., additional, Baker, Wes, additional, Barnhart, Charles J., additional, Basu, Sukanta, additional, Bhattacharya, S., additional, Bhattacharya, Subhamoy, additional, Bhowmik, B, additional, Bianchini, Alessandro, additional, Biswal, Surya, additional, Carbajales-Dale, Michael, additional, Cui, Liang, additional, Dai, Kaoshan, additional, Demirci, Hasan Emre, additional, Desmond, Cian, additional, Devrim, Yilser, additional, Dower, Beatrice, additional, Erdem, Ergin, additional, Eryilmaz, Serkan, additional, Fang, Jianhao, additional, Ghosh, B, additional, Ghosh, Bidisha, additional, Gómez-Lázaro, Emilio, additional, González-Sopeña, JM, additional, Greco, Luca, additional, Grieken, Marc van, additional, Guo, Peiyang, additional, Haldar, Sumanta, additional, Hansen, Anca Daniela, additional, Hansen, Martin Otto Lavér, additional, Hong, Yi, additional, Honrubia-Escribano, Andrés, additional, Hu, Weifei, additional, Huang, Zhenhua, additional, Jaksic, Vesna, additional, Jalbi, Saleh, additional, James, Maria, additional, James, Patrick A.B., additional, Jindal, Sachin, additional, Kalmikov, Alexander, additional, Karimirad, Madjid, additional, Lam, Jacqueline, additional, Letcher, Trevor M., additional, Li, Victor O.K., additional, Liu, Junwei, additional, Liu, Zhenyu, additional, Lombardi, Domenico, additional, Lopez-Querol, Susana, additional, Lu, Xi, additional, Machiridza, Lovemore, additional, Malekjafarian, Abdollah, additional, McElroy, Michael B., additional, Mendoza, Jorge, additional, Mucchielli, P, additional, Mudd, Gavin M., additional, Muljadi, Eduard, additional, Murphy, Jimmy, additional, Nikitas, George, additional, O’Byrne, Michael, additional, O’Connor, Ryan, additional, O’Donnell, Deirdre, additional, Pakrashi, V., additional, Pakrashi, Vikram, additional, Prabhakaran, Athul, additional, Prakhya, Ganga, additional, Prendergast, Luke J., additional, Ragheb, Magdi, additional, Ragni, Daniele, additional, Rashid, Haroon, additional, Ruane, Kieran, additional, Sarkar, Rajib, additional, Schoefs, Franck, additional, Shadlou, Masoud, additional, Sheng, Shawn, additional, Shi, Jing, additional, Shoukat, Gohar, additional, Tan, Jianrong, additional, Testa, Claudio, additional, Varghese, Ramon, additional, Villena-Ruiz, Raquel, additional, Wang, Lizhong, additional, Wang, Shanshan, additional, Wang, Ying, additional, Weng, Zhehan, additional, Wright, Christopher Simon, additional, and Zhu, Danyang, additional

Published
2023
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34. Understanding Reasons for Electing Gap Years between Undergraduate Education and Medical School and the Impact of Gap Years on the Student Experience of Medical Education

Author

Rashid, Haroon and Kibble, Jonathan D.

Abstract

Gap years have grown in popularity among students attempting to go to medical school in recent years. According to the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), more than half of matriculated students now have taken time off between their undergraduate studies and medical school. Although many claim benefits to taking gap years, research on the impacts of these experiences on medical students is largely nonexistent. This study aimed to qualitatively analyze the gap year phenomenon and its impacts on medical students through semistructured interviews conducted at the University of Central Florida College of Medicine. Through these interviews, the research team collected in-depth responses that were thematically analyzed. Analysis revealed the following major themes regarding the impacts of gap years: (1) adaptability to change and failure; (2) professional identity formation and understanding of team role; (3) understanding the "real world;" (4) refocusing of goals; (5) resilience and stress management; and (6) reinforcement of motivation.

Published
2021
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46. Homology modeling and molecular docking study of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 variant F: an attempt to develop drugs for treating CNS diseases.

Author

Ahmad, Nasir, Khan, Khalid, Rashid, Haroon ur, Khan, Sher Wali, Umar, Muhammad Naveed, Gulfam, Naila, Zahoor, Muhammad, Ullah, Riaz, and Ali, Essam A.

Subjects
TRANSMEMBRANE domains, FRAGILE X syndrome, ALTERNATIVE RNA splicing, CENTRAL nervous system, G protein coupled receptors
Abstract

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest protein family involved in signal transduction and are the main targets for drug delivery. The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are class C of GPCRs that contribute to the modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission which regulates vital physiological processes and is recognized as a potential therapeutic target throughout the central nervous system. Intracellular C-terminal domains of mGluR are the main targets for proteins regulating these receptors and are also involved in alternative splicing, regulation by phosphorylation, and modulatory protein-protein interactions. Class C of GPCRs exist as dimers and is mediated by interactions between the venus tryflap domain and the transmembrane domain. The mGluR5 variant F can be regulated by both positive and negative allosteric modulators that can potentiate or inhibit the endogenous ligand and glutamate, respectively. Moreover, mGluR5 is involved in many disorders including fragile X syndrome/autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety, addiction, chronic pain and epilepsy, etc. The main purpose of current computational work is to determine the 3D structures of the target protein and their active sites to design new drug molecules as potential biochemical agents. The 3D model of the mGluR5 variant F was constructed through homology modeling techniques using MOE and I-TESSER programs. RAMPAGE and ERRATE online servers were used for the 3D structure evaluation and validation. Furthermore, the mGluR5 variant F was docked with 20 mavoglurant derivatives that act as antagonists. Mavoglurant derivatives 3, 4, 6, 10, 13, 18, and 19 showed a maximum of four interactions with the mGluR5 variant F, whereas derivatives 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17 and 20 showed a maximum of three interactions with the mGluR5 variant F. The remaining four mavoglurant derivatives expressed two interactions each with mGluR5 variant F. The docking score for these derivatives ranged between −15.55 and −08.210 kcal mol−1 suggesting their strong interactions with the mGluR5 variant F. Their 3D structure and docking study provides a potential base for the synthesis of new drug candidates to treat brain disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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