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1. Antibiotic prophylaxis in trauma: Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery, Surgical Infection Society Europe, World Surgical Infection Society, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, and World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines

Author: Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Sawyer, R, Rasa, K, Ceresoli, M, Viaggi, B, Catena, F, Damaskos, D, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Moore, E, Biffl, W, Coimbra, R, Coccolini F., Sartelli M., Sawyer R., Rasa K., Ceresoli M., Viaggi B., Catena F., Damaskos D., Cicuttin E., Cremonini C., Moore E. E., Biffl W. L., Coimbra R., Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Sawyer, R, Rasa, K, Ceresoli, M, Viaggi, B, Catena, F, Damaskos, D, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Moore, E, Biffl, W, Coimbra, R, Coccolini F., Sartelli M., Sawyer R., Rasa K., Ceresoli M., Viaggi B., Catena F., Damaskos D., Cicuttin E., Cremonini C., Moore E. E., Biffl W. L., and Coimbra R.
Abstract: Trauma is a complex disease, and the use of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) in trauma patients is common practice. However, considering the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance, AP use should be questioned and limited only to specific cases. Antibiotic stewardship is of paramount importance in fighting resistance spread. Definitive rules or precise indications about AP in trauma remain unclear. The present article describes the indications of AP in traumatic lesions to the head, brain, torso, maxillofacial, extremities, skin, and soft tissues endorsed by the Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery, Surgical Infection Society Europe, World Surgical Infection Society, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, and World Society of Emergency Surgery.
Published: 2024

2. Source control in emergency general surgery: WSES, GAIS, SIS-E, SIS-A guidelines

Author: Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Sawyer, R, Rasa, K, Viaggi, B, Abu-Zidan, F, Soreide, K, Hardcastle, T, Gupta, D, Bendinelli, C, Ceresoli, M, Shelat, V, Broek, R, Baiocchi, G, Moore, E, Sall, I, Podda, M, Bonavina, L, Kryvoruchko, I, Stahel, P, Inaba, K, Montravers, P, Sakakushev, B, Sganga, G, Ballestracci, P, Malbrain, M, Vincent, J, Pikoulis, M, Beka, S, Doklestic, K, Chiarugi, M, Falcone, M, Bignami, E, Reva, V, Demetrashvili, Z, Di Saverio, S, Tolonen, M, Navsaria, P, Bala, M, Balogh, Z, Litvin, A, Hecker, A, Wani, I, Fette, A, De Simone, B, Ivatury, R, Picetti, E, Khokha, V, Tan, E, Ball, C, Tascini, C, Cui, Y, Coimbra, R, Kelly, M, Martino, C, Agnoletti, V, Boermeester, M, De'Angelis, N, Chirica, M, Biffl, W, Ansaloni, L, Kluger, Y, Catena, F, Kirkpatrick, A, Coccolini F., Sartelli M., Sawyer R., Rasa K., Viaggi B., Abu-Zidan F., Soreide K., Hardcastle T., Gupta D., Bendinelli C., Ceresoli M., Shelat V. G., Broek R., Baiocchi G. L., Moore E. E., Sall I., Podda M., Bonavina L., Kryvoruchko I. A., Stahel P., Inaba K., Montravers P., Sakakushev B., Sganga G., Ballestracci P., Malbrain M. L. N. G., Vincent J. -L., Pikoulis M., Beka S. G., Doklestic K., Chiarugi M., Falcone M., Bignami E., Reva V., Demetrashvili Z., Di Saverio S., Tolonen M., Navsaria P., Bala M., Balogh Z., Litvin A., Hecker A., Wani I., Fette A., De Simone B., Ivatury R., Picetti E., Khokha V., Tan E., Ball C., Tascini C., Cui Y., Coimbra R., Kelly M., Martino C., Agnoletti V., Boermeester M. A., De'Angelis N., Chirica M., Biffl W. L., Ansaloni L., Kluger Y., Catena F., Kirkpatrick A. W., Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Sawyer, R, Rasa, K, Viaggi, B, Abu-Zidan, F, Soreide, K, Hardcastle, T, Gupta, D, Bendinelli, C, Ceresoli, M, Shelat, V, Broek, R, Baiocchi, G, Moore, E, Sall, I, Podda, M, Bonavina, L, Kryvoruchko, I, Stahel, P, Inaba, K, Montravers, P, Sakakushev, B, Sganga, G, Ballestracci, P, Malbrain, M, Vincent, J, Pikoulis, M, Beka, S, Doklestic, K, Chiarugi, M, Falcone, M, Bignami, E, Reva, V, Demetrashvili, Z, Di Saverio, S, Tolonen, M, Navsaria, P, Bala, M, Balogh, Z, Litvin, A, Hecker, A, Wani, I, Fette, A, De Simone, B, Ivatury, R, Picetti, E, Khokha, V, Tan, E, Ball, C, Tascini, C, Cui, Y, Coimbra, R, Kelly, M, Martino, C, Agnoletti, V, Boermeester, M, De'Angelis, N, Chirica, M, Biffl, W, Ansaloni, L, Kluger, Y, Catena, F, Kirkpatrick, A, Coccolini F., Sartelli M., Sawyer R., Rasa K., Viaggi B., Abu-Zidan F., Soreide K., Hardcastle T., Gupta D., Bendinelli C., Ceresoli M., Shelat V. G., Broek R., Baiocchi G. L., Moore E. E., Sall I., Podda M., Bonavina L., Kryvoruchko I. A., Stahel P., Inaba K., Montravers P., Sakakushev B., Sganga G., Ballestracci P., Malbrain M. L. N. G., Vincent J. -L., Pikoulis M., Beka S. G., Doklestic K., Chiarugi M., Falcone M., Bignami E., Reva V., Demetrashvili Z., Di Saverio S., Tolonen M., Navsaria P., Bala M., Balogh Z., Litvin A., Hecker A., Wani I., Fette A., De Simone B., Ivatury R., Picetti E., Khokha V., Tan E., Ball C., Tascini C., Cui Y., Coimbra R., Kelly M., Martino C., Agnoletti V., Boermeester M. A., De'Angelis N., Chirica M., Biffl W. L., Ansaloni L., Kluger Y., Catena F., and Kirkpatrick A. W.
Abstract: Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are among the most common global healthcare challenges and they are usually precipitated by disruption to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Their successful management typically requires intensive resource utilization, and despite the best therapies, morbidity and mortality remain high. One of the main issues required to appropriately treat IAI that differs from the other etiologies of sepsis is the frequent requirement to provide physical source control. Fortunately, dramatic advances have been made in this aspect of treatment. Historically, source control was left to surgeons only. With new technologies non-surgical less invasive interventional procedures have been introduced. Alternatively, in addition to formal surgery open abdomen techniques have long been proposed as aiding source control in severe intra-abdominal sepsis. It is ironic that while a lack or even delay regarding source control clearly associates with death, it is a concept that remains poorly described. For example, no conclusive definition of source control technique or even adequacy has been universally accepted. Practically, source control involves a complex definition encompassing several factors including the causative event, source of infection bacteria, local bacterial flora, patient condition, and his/her eventual comorbidities. With greater understanding of the systemic pathobiology of sepsis and the profound implications of the human microbiome, adequate source control is no longer only a surgical issue but one that requires a multidisciplinary, multimodality approach. Thus, while any breach in the GI tract must be controlled, source control should also attempt to control the generation and propagation of the systemic biomediators and dysbiotic influences on the microbiome that perpetuate multi-system organ failure and death. Given these increased complexities, the present paper represents the current opinions and recommendations for future research of th
Published: 2023

3. The unrestricted global effort to complete the COOL trial

Author: Kirkpatrick, A, Coccolini, F, Tolonen, M, Minor, S, Catena, F, Gois, E, Doig, C, Hill, M, Ansaloni, L, Chiarugi, M, Tartaglia, D, Ioannidis, O, Sugrue, M, Colak, E, Hameed, S, Lampela, H, Agnoletti, V, Mckee, J, Garraway, N, Sartelli, M, Ball, C, Parry, N, Voght, K, Julien, L, Kroeker, J, Roberts, D, Faris, P, Tiruta, C, Moore, E, Ammons, L, Anestiadou, E, Bendinelli, C, Bouliaris, K, Carroll, R, Ceresoli, M, Favi, F, Gurrado, A, Rezende-Neto, J, Isik, A, Cremonini, C, Strambi, S, Koukoulis, G, Testini, M, Trpcic, S, Pasculli, A, Picariello, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Adeyeye, A, Augustin, G, Alconchel, F, Altinel, Y, Hernandez Amin, L, Aranda-Narvaez, J, Baraket, O, Biffl, W, Baiocchi, G, Bonavina, L, Brisinda, G, Cardinali, L, Celotti, A, Chaouch, M, Chiarello, M, Costa, G, De'Angelis, N, De Manzini, N, Delibegovic, S, Di Saverio, S, De Simone, B, Dubuisson, V, Fransvea, P, Garulli, G, Giordano, A, Gomes, C, Hayati, F, Huang, J, Ibrahim, A, Huei, T, Jailani, R, Khan, M, Luna, A, Malbrain, M, Marwah, S, Mcbeth, P, Mihailescu, A, Morello, A, Mulita, F, Murzi, V, Mohammad, A, Parmar, S, Pak, A, Wong, M, Pantalone, D, Podda, M, Puccioni, C, Rasa, K, Ren, J, Roscio, F, Gonzalez-Sanchez, A, Sganga, G, Scheiterle, M, Slavchev, M, Smirnov, D, Tosi, L, Trivedi, A, Vega, J, Waledziak, M, Xenaki, S, Winter, D, Wu, X, Zakaria, A, Zakaria, Z, Kirkpatrick A. W., Coccolini F., Tolonen M., Minor S., Catena F., Gois E., Doig C. J., Hill M. D., Ansaloni L., Chiarugi M., Tartaglia D., Ioannidis O., Sugrue M., Colak E., Hameed S. M., Lampela H., Agnoletti V., McKee J. L., Garraway N., Sartelli M., Ball C. G., Parry N. G., Voght K., Julien L., Kroeker J., Roberts D. J., Faris P., Tiruta C., Moore E. E., Ammons L. A., Anestiadou E., Bendinelli C., Bouliaris K., Carroll R., Ceresoli M., Favi F., Gurrado A., Rezende-Neto J., Isik A., Cremonini C., Strambi S., Koukoulis G., Testini M., Trpcic S., Pasculli A., Picariello E., Abu-Zidan F., Adeyeye A., Augustin G., Alconchel F., Altinel Y., Hernandez Amin L. A., Aranda-Narvaez J. M., Baraket O., Biffl W. L., Baiocchi G. L., Bonavina L., Brisinda G., Cardinali L., Celotti A., Chaouch M., Chiarello M., Costa G., de'Angelis N., De Manzini N., Delibegovic S., Di Saverio S., De Simone B., Dubuisson V., Fransvea P., Garulli G., Giordano A., Gomes C., Hayati F., Huang J., Ibrahim A. F., Huei T. J., Jailani R. F., Khan M., Luna A. P., Malbrain M. L. N. G., Marwah S., McBeth P., Mihailescu A., Morello A., Mulita F., Murzi V., Mohammad A. T., Parmar S., Pak A., Wong M. P. -K., Pantalone D., Podda M., Puccioni C., Rasa K., Ren J., Roscio F., Gonzalez-Sanchez A., Sganga G., Scheiterle M., Slavchev M., Smirnov D., Tosi L., Trivedi A., Vega J. A. G., Waledziak M., Xenaki S., Winter D., Wu X., Zakaria A. D., Zakaria Z., Kirkpatrick, A, Coccolini, F, Tolonen, M, Minor, S, Catena, F, Gois, E, Doig, C, Hill, M, Ansaloni, L, Chiarugi, M, Tartaglia, D, Ioannidis, O, Sugrue, M, Colak, E, Hameed, S, Lampela, H, Agnoletti, V, Mckee, J, Garraway, N, Sartelli, M, Ball, C, Parry, N, Voght, K, Julien, L, Kroeker, J, Roberts, D, Faris, P, Tiruta, C, Moore, E, Ammons, L, Anestiadou, E, Bendinelli, C, Bouliaris, K, Carroll, R, Ceresoli, M, Favi, F, Gurrado, A, Rezende-Neto, J, Isik, A, Cremonini, C, Strambi, S, Koukoulis, G, Testini, M, Trpcic, S, Pasculli, A, Picariello, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Adeyeye, A, Augustin, G, Alconchel, F, Altinel, Y, Hernandez Amin, L, Aranda-Narvaez, J, Baraket, O, Biffl, W, Baiocchi, G, Bonavina, L, Brisinda, G, Cardinali, L, Celotti, A, Chaouch, M, Chiarello, M, Costa, G, De'Angelis, N, De Manzini, N, Delibegovic, S, Di Saverio, S, De Simone, B, Dubuisson, V, Fransvea, P, Garulli, G, Giordano, A, Gomes, C, Hayati, F, Huang, J, Ibrahim, A, Huei, T, Jailani, R, Khan, M, Luna, A, Malbrain, M, Marwah, S, Mcbeth, P, Mihailescu, A, Morello, A, Mulita, F, Murzi, V, Mohammad, A, Parmar, S, Pak, A, Wong, M, Pantalone, D, Podda, M, Puccioni, C, Rasa, K, Ren, J, Roscio, F, Gonzalez-Sanchez, A, Sganga, G, Scheiterle, M, Slavchev, M, Smirnov, D, Tosi, L, Trivedi, A, Vega, J, Waledziak, M, Xenaki, S, Winter, D, Wu, X, Zakaria, A, Zakaria, Z, Kirkpatrick A. W., Coccolini F., Tolonen M., Minor S., Catena F., Gois E., Doig C. J., Hill M. D., Ansaloni L., Chiarugi M., Tartaglia D., Ioannidis O., Sugrue M., Colak E., Hameed S. M., Lampela H., Agnoletti V., McKee J. L., Garraway N., Sartelli M., Ball C. G., Parry N. G., Voght K., Julien L., Kroeker J., Roberts D. J., Faris P., Tiruta C., Moore E. E., Ammons L. A., Anestiadou E., Bendinelli C., Bouliaris K., Carroll R., Ceresoli M., Favi F., Gurrado A., Rezende-Neto J., Isik A., Cremonini C., Strambi S., Koukoulis G., Testini M., Trpcic S., Pasculli A., Picariello E., Abu-Zidan F., Adeyeye A., Augustin G., Alconchel F., Altinel Y., Hernandez Amin L. A., Aranda-Narvaez J. M., Baraket O., Biffl W. L., Baiocchi G. L., Bonavina L., Brisinda G., Cardinali L., Celotti A., Chaouch M., Chiarello M., Costa G., de'Angelis N., De Manzini N., Delibegovic S., Di Saverio S., De Simone B., Dubuisson V., Fransvea P., Garulli G., Giordano A., Gomes C., Hayati F., Huang J., Ibrahim A. F., Huei T. J., Jailani R. F., Khan M., Luna A. P., Malbrain M. L. N. G., Marwah S., McBeth P., Mihailescu A., Morello A., Mulita F., Murzi V., Mohammad A. T., Parmar S., Pak A., Wong M. P. -K., Pantalone D., Podda M., Puccioni C., Rasa K., Ren J., Roscio F., Gonzalez-Sanchez A., Sganga G., Scheiterle M., Slavchev M., Smirnov D., Tosi L., Trivedi A., Vega J. A. G., Waledziak M., Xenaki S., Winter D., Wu X., Zakaria A. D., and Zakaria Z.
Abstract: Background: Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has an increasing incidence with mortality rates over 80% in some settings. Mortality typically results from disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, progressive and self-perpetuating bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. A further therapeutic option may be open abdomen (OA) management with negative peritoneal pressure therapy (NPPT) to remove inflammatory ascites and attenuate the systemic damage from SCIAS, although there are definite risks of leaving the abdomen open whenever it might possibly be closed. This potential therapeutic paradigm is the rationale being assessed in the Closed Or Open after Laparotomy (COOL trial) (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03163095). Initially, the COOL trial received Industry sponsorship; however, this funding mandated the use of a specific trademarked and expensive NPPT device in half of the patients allocated to the intervention (open) arm. In August 2022, the 3 M/Acelity Corporation without consultation but within the terms of the contract canceled the financial support of the trial. Although creating financial difficulty, there is now no restriction on specific NPPT devices and removing a cost-prohibitive intervention creates an opportunity to expand the COOL trial to a truly global basis. This document describes the evolution of the COOL trial, with a focus on future opportunities for global growth of the study. Methods: The COOL trial is the largest prospective randomized controlled trial examining the random allocation of SCIAS patients intra-operatively to either formal closure of the fascia or the use of the OA with an application of an NPPT dressing. Patients are eligible if they have free uncontained intraperitoneal contamination and physiologic derangements exemplified by septic shock OR severely adverse predicted clinical outcomes. The primary outcome is intended to definitively inform global practice by co
Published: 2023

4. The LIFE TRIAD of emergency general surgery

Author: Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Kluger, Y, Osipov, A, Cui, Y, Beka, S, Kirkpatrick, A, Sall, I, Moore, E, Biffl, W, Litvin, A, Pisano, M, Magnone, S, Picetti, E, de Angelis, N, Stahel, P, Ansaloni, L, Tan, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Ceresoli, M, Hecker, A, Chiara, O, Sganga, G, Khokha, V, di Saverio, S, Sakakushev, B, Campanelli, G, Fraga, G, Wani, I, Broek, R, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Tartaglia, D, Soreide, K, Galante, J, de Moya, M, Koike, K, De Simone, B, Balogh, Z, Amico, F, Shelat, V, Pikoulis, E, Di Carlo, I, Bonavina, L, Leppaniemi, A, Marzi, I, Ivatury, R, Khan, J, Maier, R, Hardcastle, T, Isik, A, Podda, M, Tolonen, M, Rasa, K, Navsaria, P, Demetrashvili, Z, Tarasconi, A, Carcoforo, P, Sibilla, M, Baiocchi, G, Pararas, N, Weber, D, Chiarugi, M, Catena, F, Coccolini F., Sartelli M., Kluger Y., Osipov A., Cui Y., Beka S. G., Kirkpatrick A., Sall I., Moore E. E., Biffl W. L., Litvin A., Pisano M., Magnone S., Picetti E., de Angelis N., Stahel P., Ansaloni L., Tan E., Abu-Zidan F., Ceresoli M., Hecker A., Chiara O., Sganga G., Khokha V., di Saverio S., Sakakushev B., Campanelli G., Fraga G., Wani I., Broek R., Cicuttin E., Cremonini C., Tartaglia D., Soreide K., Galante J., de Moya M., Koike K., De Simone B., Balogh Z., Amico F., Shelat V., Pikoulis E., Di Carlo I., Bonavina L., Leppaniemi A., Marzi I., Ivatury R., Khan J., Maier R. V., Hardcastle T. C., Isik A., Podda M., Tolonen M., Rasa K., Navsaria P. H., Demetrashvili Z., Tarasconi A., Carcoforo P., Sibilla M. G., Baiocchi G. L., Pararas N., Weber D., Chiarugi M., Catena F., Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Kluger, Y, Osipov, A, Cui, Y, Beka, S, Kirkpatrick, A, Sall, I, Moore, E, Biffl, W, Litvin, A, Pisano, M, Magnone, S, Picetti, E, de Angelis, N, Stahel, P, Ansaloni, L, Tan, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Ceresoli, M, Hecker, A, Chiara, O, Sganga, G, Khokha, V, di Saverio, S, Sakakushev, B, Campanelli, G, Fraga, G, Wani, I, Broek, R, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Tartaglia, D, Soreide, K, Galante, J, de Moya, M, Koike, K, De Simone, B, Balogh, Z, Amico, F, Shelat, V, Pikoulis, E, Di Carlo, I, Bonavina, L, Leppaniemi, A, Marzi, I, Ivatury, R, Khan, J, Maier, R, Hardcastle, T, Isik, A, Podda, M, Tolonen, M, Rasa, K, Navsaria, P, Demetrashvili, Z, Tarasconi, A, Carcoforo, P, Sibilla, M, Baiocchi, G, Pararas, N, Weber, D, Chiarugi, M, Catena, F, Coccolini F., Sartelli M., Kluger Y., Osipov A., Cui Y., Beka S. G., Kirkpatrick A., Sall I., Moore E. E., Biffl W. L., Litvin A., Pisano M., Magnone S., Picetti E., de Angelis N., Stahel P., Ansaloni L., Tan E., Abu-Zidan F., Ceresoli M., Hecker A., Chiara O., Sganga G., Khokha V., di Saverio S., Sakakushev B., Campanelli G., Fraga G., Wani I., Broek R., Cicuttin E., Cremonini C., Tartaglia D., Soreide K., Galante J., de Moya M., Koike K., De Simone B., Balogh Z., Amico F., Shelat V., Pikoulis E., Di Carlo I., Bonavina L., Leppaniemi A., Marzi I., Ivatury R., Khan J., Maier R. V., Hardcastle T. C., Isik A., Podda M., Tolonen M., Rasa K., Navsaria P. H., Demetrashvili Z., Tarasconi A., Carcoforo P., Sibilla M. G., Baiocchi G. L., Pararas N., Weber D., Chiarugi M., and Catena F.
Abstract: Emergency General Surgery (EGS) was identified as multidisciplinary surgery performed for traumatic and non-traumatic acute conditions during the same admission in the hospital by general emergency surgeons and other specialists. It is the most diffused surgical discipline in the world. To live and grow strong EGS necessitates three fundamental parts: emergency and elective continuous surgical practice, evidence generation through clinical registries and data accrual, and indications and guidelines production: the LIFE TRIAD.
Published: 2022

5. Two years later: Is the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still having an impact on emergency surgery? An international cross-sectional survey among WSES members

Author: Reichert, M, Sartelli, M, Weigand, M, Hecker, M, Oppelt, P, Noll, J, Askevold, I, Liese, J, Padberg, W, Coccolini, F, Catena, F, Hecker, A, Peckham-Cooper, A, Camacho-Ortiz, A, Mastoraki, A, Landaluce-Olavarria, A, Pal, A, Kuriyama, A, Chichom-Mefire, A, Porcu, A, Martinez-Perez, A, Karamarkovic, A, Osipov, A, Coppola, A, Cucchetti, A, Spolini, A, Giordano, A, Reinisch-Liese, A, Kavalakat, A, Vasilescu, A, Alamin, A, Gupta, A, Dascalu, A, Musina, A, Bakopoulos, A, Zakaria, A, Vereczkei, A, Balla, A, Bottari, A, Baumann, A, Fette, A, Litvin, A, Reichert, A, Guariniello, A, Paspala, A, Schneck, A, Brillantino, A, Pesce, A, Isik, A, Leppaniemi, A, Papadopoulos, A, Kechagias, A, Mohamed, A, Mitul, A, Marinis, A, Syllaios, A, Mantoglu, B, De Simone, B, Weiss, B, Posentrup, B, Picardi, B, Zampogna, B, Sakakushev, B, Atanasov, B, Nardo, B, Calik, B, Cremonini, C, Ordonez, C, Seretis, C, Cascone, C, Chouliaras, C, Bendinelli, C, Lopes, C, Guerci, C, Weber, C, Nastos, C, Mesina, C, Caputo, D, Massalou, D, Cavaliere, D, Mcnamara, D, Demetriades, D, Pantalone, D, Coletta, D, Sasia, D, Visconti, D, Weber, D, Corallino, D, Chatzipetris, D, Manatakis, D, Ntourakis, D, Papaconstantinou, D, Schizas, D, Chrysikos, D, Adamovich, D, Elkafrawy, D, Seban, D, Garcia, E, Baldini, E, Picetti, E, Tan, E, Baili, E, Lostoridis, E, Toma, E, Colak, E, Cerutti, E, Steyn, E, Hsabo, E, Kapetanakis, E, Kaouras, E, Schneck, E, Akin, E, Gonullu, E, Celik, E, Cicuttin, E, Pinotti, E, Johnsson, E, Moore, E, Agastra, E, Dimitrov, E, Griffiths, E, D'Acapito, F, Saraceno, F, Alconchel, F, Zeppernick, F, Rodriguez, F, Abu-Zidan, F, Pecchini, F, Favi, F, Ferrara, F, Fleres, F, Pata, F, Roscio, F, Mulita, F, Dor, F, Linder, F, Dimofte, G, Rodrigues, G, Nita, G, Sganga, G, Martines, G, Mazzarella, G, Perrone, G, Velmahos, G, Lianos, G, Tomadze, G, Baiocchi, G, D'Ambrosio, G, Pellino, G, Pattacini, G, Giraudo, G, Lisi, G, Tebala, G, Pirozzolo, G, Montori, G, Argenio, G, Brisinda, G, Curro, G, Giuliani, G, Palomba, G, Roscitano, G, Avsar, G, Augustin, G, Clarizia, G, Vega, G, Fraga, G, Sethi, H, Eltyeb, H, Lohse, H, Bayhan, H, Hamid, H, Kryvoruchko, I, Iannone, I, Wani, I, Lazaridis, I, Katsaros, I, Nikolopoulos, I, Negoi, I, Reccia, I, Di Carlo, I, Olaoye, I, Czepiel, J, Kim, J, Meyer, J, Terrazas, J, Tochie, J, Galante, J, Davies, J, Sugand, K, Gonfa, K, Rasa, K, Kok, K, Apostolou, K, Lasithiotakis, K, Tsekouras, K, Angamuthu, K, Akhmeteli, L, Sydorchuk, L, Fortuna, L, Siragusa, L, Pagani, L, Solaini, L, Miller, L, Bains, L, Ansaloni, L, Ferrario, L, Bonavina, L, Conti, L, Buonomo, L, Tallon-Aguilar, L, Tomczyk, L, Widmer, L, Waledziak, M, Gachabayov, M, Bulanauca, M, Malbrain, M, Maegele, M, Catarci, M, Ceresoli, M, Ranucci, M, Antonopoulou, M, Papadoliopoulou, M, Valenti, M, Sotiropoulou, M, D'Oria, M, Martin, M, Hirschburger, M, Veroux, M, Fantoni, M, Nardi, M, Tolonen, M, Montuori, M, Podda, M, Scheiterle, M, Frountzas, M, Sarikaya, M, Yildirim, M, Bender, M, Vailas, M, Teuben, M, Campanelli, M, Ammendola, M, Malerba, M, Pisano, M, Pertea, M, Slavchev, M, Ukkonen, M, Bala, M, Chirica, M, Barone, M, Shaat, M, Mohammed, M, Abuelgasim, M, Gureh, M, Ouadii, M, Balkan, M, Mohamed, M, Hakseven, M, Velenciuc, N, Cillara, N, De'Angelis, N, Tamini, N, Zavras, N, Machairas, N, Michalopoulos, N, Koliakos, N, Pararas, N, Donlon, N, Medappil, N, Ben-Ishay, O, Stefano, O, Islam, O, Tammo, O, Ioannidis, O, Aparicio, O, Baraket, O, Kumar, P, Cianci, P, Ortenwall, P, Uchikov, P, de Reuver, P, Stahel, P, Barie, P, Piccoli, M, Major, P, Navsaria, P, Sasmal, P, Coimbra, R, Rahim, R, Capoglu, R, Koshy, R, Gonsaga, R, Pertile, R, Mohamed, R, Deryol, R, Sawyer, R, Angelico, R, Ragozzino, R, Bini, R, Cammarata, R, Scaramuzzo, R, Gioco, R, Sydorchuk, R, Ahmed, S, Di Saverio, S, Emile, S, Delibegovic, S, Marwah, S, Symeonidis, S, Thomas, S, Demir, S, Awad, S, Atici, S, Chooklin, S, Meric, S, Sarikaya, S, Chowdhury, S, Mirghani, S, Wren, S, Gargarella, S, Del Monte, S, Esposito, S, Xenaki, S, Mohamed, S, Beka, S, Lunca, S, Delis, S, Dritsas, S, Morarasu, S, Magnone, S, Rossi, S, Bitsianis, S, Kykalos, S, Baral, S, Jain, S, Ali, S, Pintar, T, Triantafyllou, T, Delko, T, Perra, T, Sidiropoulos, T, Scalea, T, Vilz, T, Hardcastle, T, Wannatoop, T, Herzog, T, Mishra, T, Boggi, U, Calu, V, Tomajer, V, Agnoletti, V, Lohsiriwat, V, Kong, V, Munoz-Cruzado, V, Shelat, V, Khokha, V, Ghannam, W, Biffl, W, Zuidema, W, Kara, Y, Kobe, Y, Demetrashvili, Z, Memish, Z, Madrazo, Z, Balogh, Z, Bayhan, Z, Reichert M., Sartelli M., Weigand M. A., Hecker M., Oppelt P. U., Noll J., Askevold I. H., Liese J., Padberg W., Coccolini F., Catena F., Hecker A., Peckham-Cooper A., Camacho-Ortiz A., Mastoraki A. T., Landaluce-Olavarria A., Pal A. K., Kuriyama A., Chichom-Mefire A., Porcu A., Martinez-Perez A., Karamarkovic A. R., Osipov A. V., Coppola A., Cucchetti A., Spolini A., Giordano A., Reinisch-Liese A., Kavalakat A. J., Vasilescu A., Alamin A., Gupta A., Dascalu A. M., Musina A. -M., Bakopoulos A., Zakaria A. D., Vereczkei A., Balla A., Bottari A., Baumann A., Fette A., Litvin A., Reichert A. K., Guariniello A., Paspala A., Schneck A. -S., Brillantino A., Pesce A., Isik A., Leppaniemi A. K., Papadopoulos A., Kechagias A., Mohamed A. Y. A., Mitul A. R., Marinis A., Syllaios A., Mantoglu B., De Simone B., Weiss B. S., Posentrup B., Picardi B., Zampogna B., Sakakushev B. E., Atanasov B. C., Nardo B., Calik B., Cremonini C., Ordonez C. A., Seretis C., Cascone C., Chouliaras C., Bendinelli C., Lopes C., Guerci C., Weber C., Nastos C., Mesina C., Caputo D., Massalou D., Cavaliere D., McNamara D. A., Demetriades D., Pantalone D., Coletta D., Sasia D., Visconti D., Weber D. G., Corallino D., Chatzipetris D., Manatakis D. K., Ntourakis D., Papaconstantinou D., Schizas D., Chrysikos D., Adamovich D. M., Elkafrawy D., Seban D., Garcia E. F. H., Baldini E., Picetti E., Tan E. C. T. H., Baili E., Lostoridis E., Toma E. A., Colak E., Cerutti E., Steyn E., Hsabo E. A., Kapetanakis E. I., Kaouras E., Schneck E., Akin E., Gonullu E., celik E., Cicuttin E., Pinotti E., Johnsson E., Moore E. E., Agastra E., Dimitrov E. N., Griffiths E. A., D'Acapito F., Saraceno F., Alconchel F., Zeppernick F. A., Rodriguez F. M., Abu-Zidan F., Pecchini F., Favi F., Ferrara F., Fleres F., Pata F., Roscio F. P. M., Mulita F., Dor F. J. M. F., Linder F., Dimofte G., Rodrigues G., Nita G., Sganga G., Martines G., Mazzarella G., Perrone G., Velmahos G., Lianos G. D., Tomadze G., Baiocchi G. L., D'Ambrosio G., Pellino G., Pattacini G. C., Giraudo G., Lisi G., Tebala G. D., Pirozzolo G., Montori G., Argenio G., Brisinda G., Curro G., Giuliani G., Palomba G., Roscitano G., Avsar G., Augustin G., Clarizia G., Vega G. M. M., Fraga G. P., Sethi H., Eltyeb H. A., Lohse H. A. S., Lohse H. R. S., Bayhan H., Hamid H. K. S., Kryvoruchko I. A., Iannone I., Wani I., Lazaridis I. I., Katsaros I., Nikolopoulos I., Negoi I., Reccia I., Di Carlo I., Olaoye I. O., Czepiel J., Kim J. I., Meyer J., Terrazas J. M. S., Tochie J. N., Galante J. M., Davies J., Sugand K., Gonfa K. B., Rasa K., Kok K. Y. Y., Apostolou K. G., Lasithiotakis K., Tsekouras K., Angamuthu K., Akhmeteli L., Sydorchuk L., Fortuna L., Siragusa L., Pagani L., Solaini L., Miller L. A., Bains L., Ansaloni L., Ferrario L., Bonavina L., Conti L., Buonomo L. A., Tallon-Aguilar L., Tomczyk L., Widmer L. W., Waledziak M., Gachabayov M., Bulanauca M. M., Malbrain M. L. N. G., Maegele M., Catarci M., Ceresoli M., Ranucci M. C., Antonopoulou M. I., Papadoliopoulou M., Valenti M. R., Sotiropoulou M., D'Oria M., Martin M. S., Hirschburger M., Veroux M., Fantoni M., Nardi M., Tolonen M., Montuori M., Podda M., Scheiterle M., Frountzas M., Sarikaya M., Yildirim M., Bender M., Vailas M., Teuben M., Campanelli M., Ammendola M., Malerba M., Pisano M., Pertea M., Slavchev M., Ukkonen M., Bala M., Chirica M., Barone M., Shaat M. M., Mohammed M. J. S., Abuelgasim M. A. A., Gureh M., Ouadii M., Balkan M., Mohamed M., Hakseven M., Velenciuc N., Cillara N., de'Angelis N., Tamini N., Zavras N. J., Machairas N., Michalopoulos N., Koliakos N. N., Pararas N., Donlon N. E., Medappil N., Ben-Ishay O., Stefano O., Islam O., Tammo O., Ioannidis O., Aparicio O., Baraket O., Kumar P., Cianci P., Ortenwall P., Uchikov P. A., de Reuver P., Stahel P. F., Barie P. S., Piccoli M., Major P., Navsaria P. H., Sasmal P. K., Coimbra R., Rahim R., Capoglu R., Koshy R. M., Gonsaga R. A. T., Pertile R., Mohamed R. R. M., Deryol R., Sawyer R. G., Angelico R., Ragozzino R., Bini R., Cammarata R., Scaramuzzo R., Gioco R., Sydorchuk R., Ahmed S., Di Saverio S., Emile S. H., Delibegovic S., Marwah S., Symeonidis S., Thomas S. G., Demir S., Awad S. S., Atici S. D., Chooklin S., Meric S., Sarikaya S., Chowdhury S., Mirghani S. F., Wren S. M., Gargarella S., Del Monte S. R., Esposito S., Xenaki S., Mohamed S. F. G., Beka S. G., Lunca S., Delis S. G., Dritsas S., Morarasu S., Magnone S., Rossi S., Bitsianis S., Kykalos S., Baral S., Jain S. A., Ali S. M., Pintar T., Triantafyllou T., Delko T., Perra T., Sidiropoulos T. A., Scalea T. M., Vilz T. O., Hardcastle T. C., Wannatoop T., Herzog T., Mishra T. S., Boggi U., Calu V., Tomajer V., Agnoletti V., Lohsiriwat V., Kong V., Munoz-Cruzado V. D., Shelat V. G., Khokha V., Ghannam W. M., Biffl W. L., Zuidema W., Kara Y., Kobe Y., Demetrashvili Z., Memish Z. A., Madrazo Z., Balogh Z. J., Bayhan Z., Reichert, M, Sartelli, M, Weigand, M, Hecker, M, Oppelt, P, Noll, J, Askevold, I, Liese, J, Padberg, W, Coccolini, F, Catena, F, Hecker, A, Peckham-Cooper, A, Camacho-Ortiz, A, Mastoraki, A, Landaluce-Olavarria, A, Pal, A, Kuriyama, A, Chichom-Mefire, A, Porcu, A, Martinez-Perez, A, Karamarkovic, A, Osipov, A, Coppola, A, Cucchetti, A, Spolini, A, Giordano, A, Reinisch-Liese, A, Kavalakat, A, Vasilescu, A, Alamin, A, Gupta, A, Dascalu, A, Musina, A, Bakopoulos, A, Zakaria, A, Vereczkei, A, Balla, A, Bottari, A, Baumann, A, Fette, A, Litvin, A, Reichert, A, Guariniello, A, Paspala, A, Schneck, A, Brillantino, A, Pesce, A, Isik, A, Leppaniemi, A, Papadopoulos, A, Kechagias, A, Mohamed, A, Mitul, A, Marinis, A, Syllaios, A, Mantoglu, B, De Simone, B, Weiss, B, Posentrup, B, Picardi, B, Zampogna, B, Sakakushev, B, Atanasov, B, Nardo, B, Calik, B, Cremonini, C, Ordonez, C, Seretis, C, Cascone, C, Chouliaras, C, Bendinelli, C, Lopes, C, Guerci, C, Weber, C, Nastos, C, Mesina, C, Caputo, D, Massalou, D, Cavaliere, D, Mcnamara, D, Demetriades, D, Pantalone, D, Coletta, D, Sasia, D, Visconti, D, Weber, D, Corallino, D, Chatzipetris, D, Manatakis, D, Ntourakis, D, Papaconstantinou, D, Schizas, D, Chrysikos, D, Adamovich, D, Elkafrawy, D, Seban, D, Garcia, E, Baldini, E, Picetti, E, Tan, E, Baili, E, Lostoridis, E, Toma, E, Colak, E, Cerutti, E, Steyn, E, Hsabo, E, Kapetanakis, E, Kaouras, E, Schneck, E, Akin, E, Gonullu, E, Celik, E, Cicuttin, E, Pinotti, E, Johnsson, E, Moore, E, Agastra, E, Dimitrov, E, Griffiths, E, D'Acapito, F, Saraceno, F, Alconchel, F, Zeppernick, F, Rodriguez, F, Abu-Zidan, F, Pecchini, F, Favi, F, Ferrara, F, Fleres, F, Pata, F, Roscio, F, Mulita, F, Dor, F, Linder, F, Dimofte, G, Rodrigues, G, Nita, G, Sganga, G, Martines, G, Mazzarella, G, Perrone, G, Velmahos, G, Lianos, G, Tomadze, G, Baiocchi, G, D'Ambrosio, G, Pellino, G, Pattacini, G, Giraudo, G, Lisi, G, Tebala, G, Pirozzolo, G, Montori, G, Argenio, G, Brisinda, G, Curro, G, Giuliani, G, Palomba, G, Roscitano, G, Avsar, G, Augustin, G, Clarizia, G, Vega, G, Fraga, G, Sethi, H, Eltyeb, H, Lohse, H, Bayhan, H, Hamid, H, Kryvoruchko, I, Iannone, I, Wani, I, Lazaridis, I, Katsaros, I, Nikolopoulos, I, Negoi, I, Reccia, I, Di Carlo, I, Olaoye, I, Czepiel, J, Kim, J, Meyer, J, Terrazas, J, Tochie, J, Galante, J, Davies, J, Sugand, K, Gonfa, K, Rasa, K, Kok, K, Apostolou, K, Lasithiotakis, K, Tsekouras, K, Angamuthu, K, Akhmeteli, L, Sydorchuk, L, Fortuna, L, Siragusa, L, Pagani, L, Solaini, L, Miller, L, Bains, L, Ansaloni, L, Ferrario, L, Bonavina, L, Conti, L, Buonomo, L, Tallon-Aguilar, L, Tomczyk, L, Widmer, L, Waledziak, M, Gachabayov, M, Bulanauca, M, Malbrain, M, Maegele, M, Catarci, M, Ceresoli, M, Ranucci, M, Antonopoulou, M, Papadoliopoulou, M, Valenti, M, Sotiropoulou, M, D'Oria, M, Martin, M, Hirschburger, M, Veroux, M, Fantoni, M, Nardi, M, Tolonen, M, Montuori, M, Podda, M, Scheiterle, M, Frountzas, M, Sarikaya, M, Yildirim, M, Bender, M, Vailas, M, Teuben, M, Campanelli, M, Ammendola, M, Malerba, M, Pisano, M, Pertea, M, Slavchev, M, Ukkonen, M, Bala, M, Chirica, M, Barone, M, Shaat, M, Mohammed, M, Abuelgasim, M, Gureh, M, Ouadii, M, Balkan, M, Mohamed, M, Hakseven, M, Velenciuc, N, Cillara, N, De'Angelis, N, Tamini, N, Zavras, N, Machairas, N, Michalopoulos, N, Koliakos, N, Pararas, N, Donlon, N, Medappil, N, Ben-Ishay, O, Stefano, O, Islam, O, Tammo, O, Ioannidis, O, Aparicio, O, Baraket, O, Kumar, P, Cianci, P, Ortenwall, P, Uchikov, P, de Reuver, P, Stahel, P, Barie, P, Piccoli, M, Major, P, Navsaria, P, Sasmal, P, Coimbra, R, Rahim, R, Capoglu, R, Koshy, R, Gonsaga, R, Pertile, R, Mohamed, R, Deryol, R, Sawyer, R, Angelico, R, Ragozzino, R, Bini, R, Cammarata, R, Scaramuzzo, R, Gioco, R, Sydorchuk, R, Ahmed, S, Di Saverio, S, Emile, S, Delibegovic, S, Marwah, S, Symeonidis, S, Thomas, S, Demir, S, Awad, S, Atici, S, Chooklin, S, Meric, S, Sarikaya, S, Chowdhury, S, Mirghani, S, Wren, S, Gargarella, S, Del Monte, S, Esposito, S, Xenaki, S, Mohamed, S, Beka, S, Lunca, S, Delis, S, Dritsas, S, Morarasu, S, Magnone, S, Rossi, S, Bitsianis, S, Kykalos, S, Baral, S, Jain, S, Ali, S, Pintar, T, Triantafyllou, T, Delko, T, Perra, T, Sidiropoulos, T, Scalea, T, Vilz, T, Hardcastle, T, Wannatoop, T, Herzog, T, Mishra, T, Boggi, U, Calu, V, Tomajer, V, Agnoletti, V, Lohsiriwat, V, Kong, V, Munoz-Cruzado, V, Shelat, V, Khokha, V, Ghannam, W, Biffl, W, Zuidema, W, Kara, Y, Kobe, Y, Demetrashvili, Z, Memish, Z, Madrazo, Z, Balogh, Z, Bayhan, Z, Reichert M., Sartelli M., Weigand M. A., Hecker M., Oppelt P. U., Noll J., Askevold I. H., Liese J., Padberg W., Coccolini F., Catena F., Hecker A., Peckham-Cooper A., Camacho-Ortiz A., Mastoraki A. T., Landaluce-Olavarria A., Pal A. K., Kuriyama A., Chichom-Mefire A., Porcu A., Martinez-Perez A., Karamarkovic A. R., Osipov A. V., Coppola A., Cucchetti A., Spolini A., Giordano A., Reinisch-Liese A., Kavalakat A. J., Vasilescu A., Alamin A., Gupta A., Dascalu A. M., Musina A. -M., Bakopoulos A., Zakaria A. D., Vereczkei A., Balla A., Bottari A., Baumann A., Fette A., Litvin A., Reichert A. K., Guariniello A., Paspala A., Schneck A. -S., Brillantino A., Pesce A., Isik A., Leppaniemi A. K., Papadopoulos A., Kechagias A., Mohamed A. Y. A., Mitul A. R., Marinis A., Syllaios A., Mantoglu B., De Simone B., Weiss B. S., Posentrup B., Picardi B., Zampogna B., Sakakushev B. E., Atanasov B. C., Nardo B., Calik B., Cremonini C., Ordonez C. A., Seretis C., Cascone C., Chouliaras C., Bendinelli C., Lopes C., Guerci C., Weber C., Nastos C., Mesina C., Caputo D., Massalou D., Cavaliere D., McNamara D. A., Demetriades D., Pantalone D., Coletta D., Sasia D., Visconti D., Weber D. G., Corallino D., Chatzipetris D., Manatakis D. K., Ntourakis D., Papaconstantinou D., Schizas D., Chrysikos D., Adamovich D. M., Elkafrawy D., Seban D., Garcia E. F. H., Baldini E., Picetti E., Tan E. C. T. H., Baili E., Lostoridis E., Toma E. A., Colak E., Cerutti E., Steyn E., Hsabo E. A., Kapetanakis E. I., Kaouras E., Schneck E., Akin E., Gonullu E., celik E., Cicuttin E., Pinotti E., Johnsson E., Moore E. E., Agastra E., Dimitrov E. N., Griffiths E. A., D'Acapito F., Saraceno F., Alconchel F., Zeppernick F. A., Rodriguez F. M., Abu-Zidan F., Pecchini F., Favi F., Ferrara F., Fleres F., Pata F., Roscio F. P. M., Mulita F., Dor F. J. M. F., Linder F., Dimofte G., Rodrigues G., Nita G., Sganga G., Martines G., Mazzarella G., Perrone G., Velmahos G., Lianos G. D., Tomadze G., Baiocchi G. L., D'Ambrosio G., Pellino G., Pattacini G. C., Giraudo G., Lisi G., Tebala G. D., Pirozzolo G., Montori G., Argenio G., Brisinda G., Curro G., Giuliani G., Palomba G., Roscitano G., Avsar G., Augustin G., Clarizia G., Vega G. M. M., Fraga G. P., Sethi H., Eltyeb H. A., Lohse H. A. S., Lohse H. R. S., Bayhan H., Hamid H. K. S., Kryvoruchko I. A., Iannone I., Wani I., Lazaridis I. I., Katsaros I., Nikolopoulos I., Negoi I., Reccia I., Di Carlo I., Olaoye I. O., Czepiel J., Kim J. I., Meyer J., Terrazas J. M. S., Tochie J. N., Galante J. M., Davies J., Sugand K., Gonfa K. B., Rasa K., Kok K. Y. Y., Apostolou K. G., Lasithiotakis K., Tsekouras K., Angamuthu K., Akhmeteli L., Sydorchuk L., Fortuna L., Siragusa L., Pagani L., Solaini L., Miller L. A., Bains L., Ansaloni L., Ferrario L., Bonavina L., Conti L., Buonomo L. A., Tallon-Aguilar L., Tomczyk L., Widmer L. W., Waledziak M., Gachabayov M., Bulanauca M. M., Malbrain M. L. N. G., Maegele M., Catarci M., Ceresoli M., Ranucci M. C., Antonopoulou M. I., Papadoliopoulou M., Valenti M. R., Sotiropoulou M., D'Oria M., Martin M. S., Hirschburger M., Veroux M., Fantoni M., Nardi M., Tolonen M., Montuori M., Podda M., Scheiterle M., Frountzas M., Sarikaya M., Yildirim M., Bender M., Vailas M., Teuben M., Campanelli M., Ammendola M., Malerba M., Pisano M., Pertea M., Slavchev M., Ukkonen M., Bala M., Chirica M., Barone M., Shaat M. M., Mohammed M. J. S., Abuelgasim M. A. A., Gureh M., Ouadii M., Balkan M., Mohamed M., Hakseven M., Velenciuc N., Cillara N., de'Angelis N., Tamini N., Zavras N. J., Machairas N., Michalopoulos N., Koliakos N. N., Pararas N., Donlon N. E., Medappil N., Ben-Ishay O., Stefano O., Islam O., Tammo O., Ioannidis O., Aparicio O., Baraket O., Kumar P., Cianci P., Ortenwall P., Uchikov P. A., de Reuver P., Stahel P. F., Barie P. S., Piccoli M., Major P., Navsaria P. H., Sasmal P. K., Coimbra R., Rahim R., Capoglu R., Koshy R. M., Gonsaga R. A. T., Pertile R., Mohamed R. R. M., Deryol R., Sawyer R. G., Angelico R., Ragozzino R., Bini R., Cammarata R., Scaramuzzo R., Gioco R., Sydorchuk R., Ahmed S., Di Saverio S., Emile S. H., Delibegovic S., Marwah S., Symeonidis S., Thomas S. G., Demir S., Awad S. S., Atici S. D., Chooklin S., Meric S., Sarikaya S., Chowdhury S., Mirghani S. F., Wren S. M., Gargarella S., Del Monte S. R., Esposito S., Xenaki S., Mohamed S. F. G., Beka S. G., Lunca S., Delis S. G., Dritsas S., Morarasu S., Magnone S., Rossi S., Bitsianis S., Kykalos S., Baral S., Jain S. A., Ali S. M., Pintar T., Triantafyllou T., Delko T., Perra T., Sidiropoulos T. A., Scalea T. M., Vilz T. O., Hardcastle T. C., Wannatoop T., Herzog T., Mishra T. S., Boggi U., Calu V., Tomajer V., Agnoletti V., Lohsiriwat V., Kong V., Munoz-Cruzado V. D., Shelat V. G., Khokha V., Ghannam W. M., Biffl W. L., Zuidema W., Kara Y., Kobe Y., Demetrashvili Z., Memish Z. A., Madrazo Z., Balogh Z. J., and Bayhan Z.
Abstract: Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is still ongoing and a major challenge for health care services worldwide. In the first WSES COVID-19 emergency surgery survey, a strong negative impact on emergency surgery (ES) had been described already early in the pandemic situation. However, the knowledge is limited about current effects of the pandemic on patient flow through emergency rooms, daily routine and decision making in ES as well as their changes over time during the last two pandemic years. This second WSES COVID-19 emergency surgery survey investigates the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on ES during the course of the pandemic. Methods: A web survey had been distributed to medical specialists in ES during a four-week period from January 2022, investigating the impact of the pandemic on patients and septic diseases both requiring ES, structural problems due to the pandemic and time-to-intervention in ES routine. Results: 367 collaborators from 59 countries responded to the survey. The majority indicated that the pandemic still significantly impacts on treatment and outcome of surgical emergency patients (83.1% and 78.5%, respectively). As reasons, the collaborators reported decreased case load in ES (44.7%), but patients presenting with more prolonged and severe diseases, especially concerning perforated appendicitis (62.1%) and diverticulitis (57.5%). Otherwise, approximately 50% of the participants still observe a delay in time-to-intervention in ES compared with the situation before the pandemic. Relevant causes leading to enlarged time-to-intervention in ES during the pandemic are persistent problems with in-hospital logistics, lacks in medical staff as well as operating room and intensive care capacities during the pandemic. This leads not only to the need for triage or transferring of ES patients to other hospitals, reported by 64.0% and 48.8% of the collaborators, respectively, but also to paradigm shifts in treatment modalities to non-operative approach
Published: 2022

6. WSES/GAIS/WSIS/SIS-E/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with skin and soft tissue infections

Author: Sartelli, M, Coccolini, F, Kluger, Y, Agastra, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Abbas, A, Ansaloni, L, Adesunkanmi, A, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Baraket, O, Biffl, W, Ceresoli, M, Cerutti, E, Chiara, O, Cicuttin, E, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Corsi, D, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, De'Angelis, N, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, de Jonge, S, Di Bella, S, Di Saverio, S, Duane, T, Fugazzola, P, Galante, J, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Griffiths, E, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Herzog, T, Karamarkovic, A, Khokha, V, Kim, P, Kim, J, Kirkpatrick, A, Kong, V, Koshy, R, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Ivatury, R, Labricciosa, F, Lee, Y, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Luppi, D, Maier, R, Marinis, A, Marwah, S, Mesina, C, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ouadii, M, Peitzman, A, Perrone, G, Pintar, T, Pipitone, G, Podda, M, Rasa, K, Ribeiro, J, Rodrigues, G, Rubio-Perez, I, Sall, I, Sato, N, Sawyer, R, Shelat, V, Sugrue, M, Tarasconi, A, Tolonen, M, Viaggi, B, Celotti, A, Casella, C, Pagani, L, Dhingra, S, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Coccolini F., Kluger Y., Agastra E., Abu-Zidan F. M., Abbas A. E. S., Ansaloni L., Adesunkanmi A. K., Augustin G., Bala M., Baraket O., Biffl W. L., Ceresoli M., Cerutti E., Chiara O., Cicuttin E., Chiarugi M., Coimbra R., Corsi D., Cortese F., Cui Y., Damaskos D., de'Angelis N., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., De Simone B., de Jonge S. W., Di Bella S., Di Saverio S., Duane T. M., Fugazzola P., Galante J. M., Ghnnam W., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Griffiths E. A., Hardcastle T. C., Hecker A., Herzog T., Karamarkovic A., Khokha V., Kim P. K., Kim J. I., Kirkpatrick A. W., Kong V., Koshy R. M., Inaba K., Isik A., Ivatury R., Labricciosa F. M., Lee Y. Y., Leppaniemi A., Litvin A., Luppi D., Maier R. V., Marinis A., Marwah S., Mesina C., Moore E. E., Moore F. A., Negoi I., Olaoye I., Ordonez C. A., Ouadii M., Peitzman A. B., Perrone G., Pintar T., Pipitone G., Podda M., Rasa K., Ribeiro J., Rodrigues G., Rubio-Perez I., Sall I., Sato N., Sawyer R. G., Shelat V. G., Sugrue M., Tarasconi A., Tolonen M., Viaggi B., Celotti A., Casella C., Pagani L., Dhingra S., Baiocchi G. L., Catena F., Sartelli, M, Coccolini, F, Kluger, Y, Agastra, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Abbas, A, Ansaloni, L, Adesunkanmi, A, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Baraket, O, Biffl, W, Ceresoli, M, Cerutti, E, Chiara, O, Cicuttin, E, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Corsi, D, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, De'Angelis, N, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, de Jonge, S, Di Bella, S, Di Saverio, S, Duane, T, Fugazzola, P, Galante, J, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Griffiths, E, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Herzog, T, Karamarkovic, A, Khokha, V, Kim, P, Kim, J, Kirkpatrick, A, Kong, V, Koshy, R, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Ivatury, R, Labricciosa, F, Lee, Y, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Luppi, D, Maier, R, Marinis, A, Marwah, S, Mesina, C, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ouadii, M, Peitzman, A, Perrone, G, Pintar, T, Pipitone, G, Podda, M, Rasa, K, Ribeiro, J, Rodrigues, G, Rubio-Perez, I, Sall, I, Sato, N, Sawyer, R, Shelat, V, Sugrue, M, Tarasconi, A, Tolonen, M, Viaggi, B, Celotti, A, Casella, C, Pagani, L, Dhingra, S, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Coccolini F., Kluger Y., Agastra E., Abu-Zidan F. M., Abbas A. E. S., Ansaloni L., Adesunkanmi A. K., Augustin G., Bala M., Baraket O., Biffl W. L., Ceresoli M., Cerutti E., Chiara O., Cicuttin E., Chiarugi M., Coimbra R., Corsi D., Cortese F., Cui Y., Damaskos D., de'Angelis N., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., De Simone B., de Jonge S. W., Di Bella S., Di Saverio S., Duane T. M., Fugazzola P., Galante J. M., Ghnnam W., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Griffiths E. A., Hardcastle T. C., Hecker A., Herzog T., Karamarkovic A., Khokha V., Kim P. K., Kim J. I., Kirkpatrick A. W., Kong V., Koshy R. M., Inaba K., Isik A., Ivatury R., Labricciosa F. M., Lee Y. Y., Leppaniemi A., Litvin A., Luppi D., Maier R. V., Marinis A., Marwah S., Mesina C., Moore E. E., Moore F. A., Negoi I., Olaoye I., Ordonez C. A., Ouadii M., Peitzman A. B., Perrone G., Pintar T., Pipitone G., Podda M., Rasa K., Ribeiro J., Rodrigues G., Rubio-Perez I., Sall I., Sato N., Sawyer R. G., Shelat V. G., Sugrue M., Tarasconi A., Tolonen M., Viaggi B., Celotti A., Casella C., Pagani L., Dhingra S., Baiocchi G. L., and Catena F.
Abstract: Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) encompass a variety of pathological conditions that involve the skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue, fascia, or muscle, ranging from simple superficial infections to severe necrotizing infections. Together, the World Society of Emergency Surgery, the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery, the Surgical Infection Society-Europe, The World Surgical Infection Society, and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma have jointly completed an international multi-society document to promote global standards of care in SSTIs guiding clinicians by describing reasonable approaches to the management of SSTIs. An extensive non-systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases, limited to the English language. The resulting evidence was shared by an international task force with different clinical backgrounds.
Published: 2022

7. Boosting the usefulness of hybrid aspen:from tailored biomass to a versatile feedstock for use in the chemical industry

Author: Lassi, U. (Ulla), Jyske, T. (Tuula), Rasa, K. (Kimmo), Korkalo, P. (Pasi), Lassi, U. (Ulla), Jyske, T. (Tuula), Rasa, K. (Kimmo), and Korkalo, P. (Pasi)
Abstract: The hybrid aspen tree (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) is a fast-growing tree species with the potential to produce biomass in an enhanced manner for industrial needs. Research has shown that by breeding hybrid aspen clones, tree properties (e.g., growth ability, resistance to disease, energy density and cellulosic pulp properties) can be influenced. However, there is a gap in the research on how clonal breeding affects the chemical composition of bark and whether this information can be used in the production of added value according to the cascading use principle. In this dissertation, chemical determinations were used to calculate variations in the chemical composition of the barks of different clonal trees and to evaluate the possibilities of clonal selection to produce added value to the bark. The results were also used to select the highest potential bark biomass for cascade use studies. Cascade use was investigated by linking the methods of extraction of bark and the torrefaction of extraction residue. The added value of the extract was evaluated experimentally by producing rigid foam and activated carbon. Applicability of pyroligneous acid was tested in herbicidal and fungicidal applications. This current study produced three key results: 1) clonal variation in the chemical composition of bark indicated that bark quality varies between clone types, and this has an impact on the added-value potential of bark-derived raw material, 2) by using hot water extraction, it is possible to separate an extract suitable as a precursor for producing rigid foam and activated carbon, and 3) hemicellulose of hybrid aspen bark can be converted into herbicidal and fungicidal active pyroligneous acid by torrefaction. In summary, clone selection can affect the bark quality of hybrid aspen in a situation in which bark pulp is collected from trees grown in certain growth areas. This information has value when the goal is to produce added value for hybrid aspe, Tiivistelmä Hybridihaapa (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) on nopeasti kasvava puulaji, josta on mahdollista muodostaa tehostetusti biomassaa teollisuuden raaka-aineeksi. Hybridihaapakloonien jalostuksella tiedetään olevan vaikutusta puun ominaisuuksiin, kuten kasvukykyyn, taudinkestävyyteen, energiatiheyteen ja selluloosamassan latuun. Ei ole kuitenkaan tutkittu sitä, miten kloonijalostus vaikuttaa puun kuoren kemialliseen koostumukseen, ja voidaanko koostumuksellisia kloonivariaatioita hyödyntää kuoren käyttöarvon parannuksessa noudattaessa biojalostuksen kaskadikäyttöperiaatteita. Tässä väitöskirjassa määritetään erilaisten kloonipuiden kuorien koostumuksellisia vaihteluja ja arvioidaan kloonityyppien valinnan tuomia mahdollisuuksia tuottaa kuorelle uutta käyttöarvoa. Kloonivaihtelujen perusteella valitaan kiinnostavin kuorimassa biojalostustutkimuksiin, jonka jälkeen kuoren hyödyntämistä tarkastellaan ketjuttamalla kuoriuutteiden erotusmenetelmät sekä kuoren uuttojäännöksen termokemiallinen konversio, torrefiointi. Kuoriuutteen käyttöarvoa selvitetään valmistamalla uutteista hiilivaahtoa ja aktiivihiiltä, sekä tutkimalla torrefikaatiolla tuotettavan konversiotisleen käyttöä rikkakasvien ja sienitautien torjunta-ainekemikaalina. Tutkimuksen keskeisimmät tulokset ovat: 1) kuoren koostumuksellinen laatu vaihtelee kloonityypeittäin, ja tällä arvioidaan olevan merkitystä arvopotentiaaliin, 2) kuoriuute soveltuu hiilivaahdon ja aktiivihiilen valmistukseen, ja 3) kuoren uuttojäännöksen konversiotisleellä on herbisidi- ja fungisidiaktiivisuutta. Yhteenvetona todetaan, että kloonivalinnalla voidaan vaikuttaa hybridihaapapuun kuoren koostumukselliseen laatuun tilanteessa, jossa kuorimassa kerätään tietyllä kasvualueella kasvaneista kloonipuista. Tuloksilla nähdään olevan arvoa, kun tavoitteena on tuottaa kuoribiomassalle lisäarvoa kemianteollisuuden käyttöön ketjuttamalla menetelmiä kaskadikäyttöperiaatteen mukaisesti.
Published: 2023

8. Source control in emergency general surgery: WSES, GAIS, SIS-E, SIS-A guidelines.

Author: Coccolini, F., Sartelli, M., Sawyer, R., Rasa, K., Viaggi, B., Abu-Zidan, F., Soreide, K., Hardcastle, T., Gupta, D., Bendinelli, C., Ceresoli, M., Shelat, V.G., Broek, R.P. ten, Baiocchi, G.L., Moore, E.E., Sall, I., Podda, M., Bonavina, L., Kryvoruchko, I.A., Stahel, P., Inaba, K., Montravers, P., Sakakushev, B., Sganga, G., Ballestracci, P., Malbrain, M.L.N.G., Vincent, J.L., Pikoulis, M., Beka, S.G., Doklestic, K., Chiarugi, M., Falcone, M., Bignami, E., Reva, V., Demetrashvili, Z., Saverio, S. Di, Tolonen, M., Navsaria, P., Bala, M., Balogh, Z., Litvin, A., Hecker, A., Wani, I., Fette, A., Simone, B. De, Ivatury, R., Picetti, E., Khokha, V., Tan, E.C.T.H., Ball, C., Tascini, C., Cui, Y., Coimbra, R., Kelly, M., Martino, C., Agnoletti, V., Boermeester, M.A., De'Angelis, N., Chirica, M., Biffl, W.L., Ansaloni, L., Kluger, Y., Catena, F., Kirkpatrick, A.W., Coccolini, F., Sartelli, M., Sawyer, R., Rasa, K., Viaggi, B., Abu-Zidan, F., Soreide, K., Hardcastle, T., Gupta, D., Bendinelli, C., Ceresoli, M., Shelat, V.G., Broek, R.P. ten, Baiocchi, G.L., Moore, E.E., Sall, I., Podda, M., Bonavina, L., Kryvoruchko, I.A., Stahel, P., Inaba, K., Montravers, P., Sakakushev, B., Sganga, G., Ballestracci, P., Malbrain, M.L.N.G., Vincent, J.L., Pikoulis, M., Beka, S.G., Doklestic, K., Chiarugi, M., Falcone, M., Bignami, E., Reva, V., Demetrashvili, Z., Saverio, S. Di, Tolonen, M., Navsaria, P., Bala, M., Balogh, Z., Litvin, A., Hecker, A., Wani, I., Fette, A., Simone, B. De, Ivatury, R., Picetti, E., Khokha, V., Tan, E.C.T.H., Ball, C., Tascini, C., Cui, Y., Coimbra, R., Kelly, M., Martino, C., Agnoletti, V., Boermeester, M.A., De'Angelis, N., Chirica, M., Biffl, W.L., Ansaloni, L., Kluger, Y., Catena, F., and Kirkpatrick, A.W.
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext, Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are among the most common global healthcare challenges and they are usually precipitated by disruption to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Their successful management typically requires intensive resource utilization, and despite the best therapies, morbidity and mortality remain high. One of the main issues required to appropriately treat IAI that differs from the other etiologies of sepsis is the frequent requirement to provide physical source control. Fortunately, dramatic advances have been made in this aspect of treatment. Historically, source control was left to surgeons only. With new technologies non-surgical less invasive interventional procedures have been introduced. Alternatively, in addition to formal surgery open abdomen techniques have long been proposed as aiding source control in severe intra-abdominal sepsis. It is ironic that while a lack or even delay regarding source control clearly associates with death, it is a concept that remains poorly described. For example, no conclusive definition of source control technique or even adequacy has been universally accepted. Practically, source control involves a complex definition encompassing several factors including the causative event, source of infection bacteria, local bacterial flora, patient condition, and his/her eventual comorbidities. With greater understanding of the systemic pathobiology of sepsis and the profound implications of the human microbiome, adequate source control is no longer only a surgical issue but one that requires a multidisciplinary, multimodality approach. Thus, while any breach in the GI tract must be controlled, source control should also attempt to control the generation and propagation of the systemic biomediators and dysbiotic influences on the microbiome that perpetuate multi-system organ failure and death. Given these increased complexities, the present paper represents the current opinions and recommendations for future research of th
Published: 2023

9. WSES/GAIS/SIS-E/WSIS/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with intra-abdominal infections

Author: Sartelli, M, Coccolini, F, Kluger, Y, Agastra, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Abbas, A, Ansaloni, L, Adesunkanmi, A, Atanasov, B, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Baraket, O, Baral, S, Biffl, W, Boermeester, M, Ceresoli, M, Cerutti, E, Chiara, O, Cicuttin, E, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Colak, E, Corsi, D, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, de' Angelis, N, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, de Jonge, S, Dhingra, S, Di Bella, S, Di Marzo, F, Di Saverio, S, Dogjani, A, Duane, T, Enani, M, Fugazzola, P, Galante, J, Gachabayov, M, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Griffiths, E, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Herzog, T, Kabir, S, Karamarkovic, A, Khokha, V, Kim, P, Kim, J, Kirkpatrick, A, Kong, V, Koshy, R, Kryvoruchko, I, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Iskandar, K, Ivatury, R, Labricciosa, F, Lee, Y, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Luppi, D, Machain, G, Maier, R, Marinis, A, Marmorale, C, Marwah, S, Mesina, C, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ouadii, M, Peitzman, A, Perrone, G, Pikoulis, M, Pintar, T, Pipitone, G, Podda, M, Rasa, K, Ribeiro, J, Rodrigues, G, Rubio-Perez, I, Sall, I, Sato, N, Sawyer, R, Segovia Lohse, H, Sganga, G, Shelat, V, Stephens, I, Sugrue, M, Tarasconi, A, Tochie, J, Tolonen, M, Tomadze, G, Ulrych, J, Vereczkei, A, Viaggi, B, Gurioli, C, Casella, C, Pagani, L, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Coccolini F., Kluger Y., Agastra E., Abu-Zidan F. M., Abbas A. E. S., Ansaloni L., Adesunkanmi A. K., Atanasov B., Augustin G., Bala M., Baraket O., Baral S., Biffl W. L., Boermeester M. A., Ceresoli M., Cerutti E., Chiara O., Cicuttin E., Chiarugi M., Coimbra R., Colak E., Corsi D., Cortese F., Cui Y., Damaskos D., de' Angelis N., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., De Simone B., de Jonge S. W., Dhingra S., Di Bella S., Di Marzo F., Di Saverio S., Dogjani A., Duane T. M., Enani M. A., Fugazzola P., Galante J. M., Gachabayov M., Ghnnam W., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Griffiths E. A., Hardcastle T. C., Hecker A., Herzog T., Kabir S. M. U., Karamarkovic A., Khokha V., Kim P. K., Kim J. I., Kirkpatrick A. W., Kong V., Koshy R. M., Kryvoruchko I. A., Inaba K., Isik A., Iskandar K., Ivatury R., Labricciosa F. M., Lee Y. Y., Leppaniemi A., Litvin A., Luppi D., Machain G. M., Maier R. V., Marinis A., Marmorale C., Marwah S., Mesina C., Moore E. E., Moore F. A., Negoi I., Olaoye I., Ordonez C. A., Ouadii M., Peitzman A. B., Perrone G., Pikoulis M., Pintar T., Pipitone G., Podda M., Rasa K., Ribeiro J., Rodrigues G., Rubio-Perez I., Sall I., Sato N., Sawyer R. G., Segovia Lohse H., Sganga G., Shelat V. G., Stephens I., Sugrue M., Tarasconi A., Tochie J. N., Tolonen M., Tomadze G., Ulrych J., Vereczkei A., Viaggi B., Gurioli C., Casella C., Pagani L., Baiocchi G. L., Catena F., Sartelli, M, Coccolini, F, Kluger, Y, Agastra, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Abbas, A, Ansaloni, L, Adesunkanmi, A, Atanasov, B, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Baraket, O, Baral, S, Biffl, W, Boermeester, M, Ceresoli, M, Cerutti, E, Chiara, O, Cicuttin, E, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Colak, E, Corsi, D, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, de' Angelis, N, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, de Jonge, S, Dhingra, S, Di Bella, S, Di Marzo, F, Di Saverio, S, Dogjani, A, Duane, T, Enani, M, Fugazzola, P, Galante, J, Gachabayov, M, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Griffiths, E, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Herzog, T, Kabir, S, Karamarkovic, A, Khokha, V, Kim, P, Kim, J, Kirkpatrick, A, Kong, V, Koshy, R, Kryvoruchko, I, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Iskandar, K, Ivatury, R, Labricciosa, F, Lee, Y, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Luppi, D, Machain, G, Maier, R, Marinis, A, Marmorale, C, Marwah, S, Mesina, C, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ouadii, M, Peitzman, A, Perrone, G, Pikoulis, M, Pintar, T, Pipitone, G, Podda, M, Rasa, K, Ribeiro, J, Rodrigues, G, Rubio-Perez, I, Sall, I, Sato, N, Sawyer, R, Segovia Lohse, H, Sganga, G, Shelat, V, Stephens, I, Sugrue, M, Tarasconi, A, Tochie, J, Tolonen, M, Tomadze, G, Ulrych, J, Vereczkei, A, Viaggi, B, Gurioli, C, Casella, C, Pagani, L, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Coccolini F., Kluger Y., Agastra E., Abu-Zidan F. M., Abbas A. E. S., Ansaloni L., Adesunkanmi A. K., Atanasov B., Augustin G., Bala M., Baraket O., Baral S., Biffl W. L., Boermeester M. A., Ceresoli M., Cerutti E., Chiara O., Cicuttin E., Chiarugi M., Coimbra R., Colak E., Corsi D., Cortese F., Cui Y., Damaskos D., de' Angelis N., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., De Simone B., de Jonge S. W., Dhingra S., Di Bella S., Di Marzo F., Di Saverio S., Dogjani A., Duane T. M., Enani M. A., Fugazzola P., Galante J. M., Gachabayov M., Ghnnam W., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Griffiths E. A., Hardcastle T. C., Hecker A., Herzog T., Kabir S. M. U., Karamarkovic A., Khokha V., Kim P. K., Kim J. I., Kirkpatrick A. W., Kong V., Koshy R. M., Kryvoruchko I. A., Inaba K., Isik A., Iskandar K., Ivatury R., Labricciosa F. M., Lee Y. Y., Leppaniemi A., Litvin A., Luppi D., Machain G. M., Maier R. V., Marinis A., Marmorale C., Marwah S., Mesina C., Moore E. E., Moore F. A., Negoi I., Olaoye I., Ordonez C. A., Ouadii M., Peitzman A. B., Perrone G., Pikoulis M., Pintar T., Pipitone G., Podda M., Rasa K., Ribeiro J., Rodrigues G., Rubio-Perez I., Sall I., Sato N., Sawyer R. G., Segovia Lohse H., Sganga G., Shelat V. G., Stephens I., Sugrue M., Tarasconi A., Tochie J. N., Tolonen M., Tomadze G., Ulrych J., Vereczkei A., Viaggi B., Gurioli C., Casella C., Pagani L., Baiocchi G. L., and Catena F.
Abstract: Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are common surgical emergencies and have been reported as major contributors to non-trauma deaths in hospitals worldwide. The cornerstones of effective treatment of IAIs include early recognition, adequate source control, appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and prompt physiologic stabilization using a critical care environment, combined with an optimal surgical approach. Together, the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery (GAIS), the Surgical Infection Society-Europe (SIS-E), the World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) have jointly completed an international multi-society document in order to facilitate clinical management of patients with IAIs worldwide building evidence-based clinical pathways for the most common IAIs. An extensive non-systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases, limited to the English language. The resulting information was shared by an international task force from 46 countries with different clinical backgrounds. The aim of the document is to promote global standards of care in IAIs providing guidance to clinicians by describing reasonable approaches to the management of IAIs.
Published: 2021

10. Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST, and GAIS guidelines

Author: Coccolini, F, Improta, M, Sartelli, M, Rasa, K, Sawyer, R, Coimbra, R, Chiarugi, M, Litvin, A, Hardcastle, T, Forfori, F, Vincent, J, Hecker, A, Ten Broek, R, Bonavina, L, Chirica, M, Boggi, U, Pikoulis, E, Di Saverio, S, Montravers, P, Augustin, G, Tartaglia, D, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Viaggi, B, De Simone, B, Malbrain, M, Shelat, V, Fugazzola, P, Ansaloni, L, Isik, A, Rubio, I, Kamal, I, Corradi, F, Tarasconi, A, Gitto, S, Podda, M, Pikoulis, A, Leppaniemi, A, Ceresoli, M, Romeo, O, Moore, E, Demetrashvili, Z, Biffl, W, Wani, I, Tolonen, M, Duane, T, Dhingra, S, Deangelis, N, Tan, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Ordonez, C, Cui, Y, Labricciosa, F, Perrone, G, Di Marzo, F, Peitzman, A, Sakakushev, B, Sugrue, M, Boermeester, M, Nunez, R, Gomes, C, Bala, M, Kluger, Y, Catena, F, Coccolini F., Improta M., Sartelli M., Rasa K., Sawyer R., Coimbra R., Chiarugi M., Litvin A., Hardcastle T., Forfori F., Vincent J. -L., Hecker A., Ten Broek R., Bonavina L., Chirica M., Boggi U., Pikoulis E., Di Saverio S., Montravers P., Augustin G., Tartaglia D., Cicuttin E., Cremonini C., Viaggi B., De Simone B., Malbrain M., Shelat V. G., Fugazzola P., Ansaloni L., Isik A., Rubio I., Kamal I., Corradi F., Tarasconi A., Gitto S., Podda M., Pikoulis A., Leppaniemi A., Ceresoli M., Romeo O., Moore E. E., Demetrashvili Z., Biffl W. L., Wani I., Tolonen M., Duane T., Dhingra S., DeAngelis N., Tan E., Abu-Zidan F., Ordonez C., Cui Y., Labricciosa F., Perrone G., Di Marzo F., Peitzman A., Sakakushev B., Sugrue M., Boermeester M., Nunez R. M., Gomes C. A., Bala M., Kluger Y., Catena F., Coccolini, F, Improta, M, Sartelli, M, Rasa, K, Sawyer, R, Coimbra, R, Chiarugi, M, Litvin, A, Hardcastle, T, Forfori, F, Vincent, J, Hecker, A, Ten Broek, R, Bonavina, L, Chirica, M, Boggi, U, Pikoulis, E, Di Saverio, S, Montravers, P, Augustin, G, Tartaglia, D, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Viaggi, B, De Simone, B, Malbrain, M, Shelat, V, Fugazzola, P, Ansaloni, L, Isik, A, Rubio, I, Kamal, I, Corradi, F, Tarasconi, A, Gitto, S, Podda, M, Pikoulis, A, Leppaniemi, A, Ceresoli, M, Romeo, O, Moore, E, Demetrashvili, Z, Biffl, W, Wani, I, Tolonen, M, Duane, T, Dhingra, S, Deangelis, N, Tan, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Ordonez, C, Cui, Y, Labricciosa, F, Perrone, G, Di Marzo, F, Peitzman, A, Sakakushev, B, Sugrue, M, Boermeester, M, Nunez, R, Gomes, C, Bala, M, Kluger, Y, Catena, F, Coccolini F., Improta M., Sartelli M., Rasa K., Sawyer R., Coimbra R., Chiarugi M., Litvin A., Hardcastle T., Forfori F., Vincent J. -L., Hecker A., Ten Broek R., Bonavina L., Chirica M., Boggi U., Pikoulis E., Di Saverio S., Montravers P., Augustin G., Tartaglia D., Cicuttin E., Cremonini C., Viaggi B., De Simone B., Malbrain M., Shelat V. G., Fugazzola P., Ansaloni L., Isik A., Rubio I., Kamal I., Corradi F., Tarasconi A., Gitto S., Podda M., Pikoulis A., Leppaniemi A., Ceresoli M., Romeo O., Moore E. E., Demetrashvili Z., Biffl W. L., Wani I., Tolonen M., Duane T., Dhingra S., DeAngelis N., Tan E., Abu-Zidan F., Ordonez C., Cui Y., Labricciosa F., Perrone G., Di Marzo F., Peitzman A., Sakakushev B., Sugrue M., Boermeester M., Nunez R. M., Gomes C. A., Bala M., Kluger Y., and Catena F.
Abstract: Immunocompromised patients are a heterogeneous and diffuse category frequently presenting to the emergency department with acute surgical diseases. Diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients are often complex and must be multidisciplinary. Misdiagnosis of an acute surgical disease may be followed by increased morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease occur; these patients may seek medical assistance late because their symptoms are often ambiguous. Also, they develop unique surgical problems that do not affect the general population. Management of this population must be multidisciplinary. This paper presents the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Surgical Infection Society Europe (SIS-E), World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), and Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery (GAIS) joined guidelines about the management of acute abdomen in immunocompromised patients.
Published: 2021

11. 2020 update of the WSES guidelines for the management of acute colonic diverticulitis in the emergency setting

Author: Sartelli, M, Weber, D, Kluger, Y, Ansaloni, L, Coccolini, F, Abu-Zidan, F, Augustin, G, Ben-Ishay, O, Biffl, W, Bouliaris, K, Catena, R, Ceresoli, M, Chiara, O, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, De' Angelis, G, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, Di Marzo, F, Di Saverio, S, Duane, T, Faro, M, Fraga, G, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Karamarkovic, A, Kashuk, J, Khokha, V, Kirkpatrick, A, Kok, K, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Labricciosa, F, Latifi, R, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Mazuski, J, Maier, R, Marwah, S, Mcfarlane, M, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Pagani, L, Rasa, K, Rubio-Perez, I, Sakakushev, B, Sato, N, Sganga, G, Siquini, W, Tarasconi, A, Tolonen, M, Ulrych, J, Zachariah, S, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Weber D. G., Kluger Y., Ansaloni L., Coccolini F., Abu-Zidan F., Augustin G., Ben-Ishay O., Biffl W. L., Bouliaris K., Catena R., Ceresoli M., Chiara O., Chiarugi M., Coimbra R., Cortese F., Cui Y., Damaskos D., De' Angelis G. L., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., De Simone B., Di Marzo F., Di Saverio S., Duane T. M., Faro M. P., Fraga G. P., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Hardcastle T. C., Hecker A., Karamarkovic A., Kashuk J., Khokha V., Kirkpatrick A. W., Kok K. Y. Y., Inaba K., Isik A., Labricciosa F. M., Latifi R., Leppaniemi A., Litvin A., Mazuski J. E., Maier R. V., Marwah S., McFarlane M., Moore E. E., Moore F. A., Negoi I., Pagani L., Rasa K., Rubio-Perez I., Sakakushev B., Sato N., Sganga G., Siquini W., Tarasconi A., Tolonen M., Ulrych J., Zachariah S. K., Catena F., Sartelli, M, Weber, D, Kluger, Y, Ansaloni, L, Coccolini, F, Abu-Zidan, F, Augustin, G, Ben-Ishay, O, Biffl, W, Bouliaris, K, Catena, R, Ceresoli, M, Chiara, O, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, De' Angelis, G, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, Di Marzo, F, Di Saverio, S, Duane, T, Faro, M, Fraga, G, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Karamarkovic, A, Kashuk, J, Khokha, V, Kirkpatrick, A, Kok, K, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Labricciosa, F, Latifi, R, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Mazuski, J, Maier, R, Marwah, S, Mcfarlane, M, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Pagani, L, Rasa, K, Rubio-Perez, I, Sakakushev, B, Sato, N, Sganga, G, Siquini, W, Tarasconi, A, Tolonen, M, Ulrych, J, Zachariah, S, Catena, F, Sartelli M., Weber D. G., Kluger Y., Ansaloni L., Coccolini F., Abu-Zidan F., Augustin G., Ben-Ishay O., Biffl W. L., Bouliaris K., Catena R., Ceresoli M., Chiara O., Chiarugi M., Coimbra R., Cortese F., Cui Y., Damaskos D., De' Angelis G. L., Delibegovic S., Demetrashvili Z., De Simone B., Di Marzo F., Di Saverio S., Duane T. M., Faro M. P., Fraga G. P., Gkiokas G., Gomes C. A., Hardcastle T. C., Hecker A., Karamarkovic A., Kashuk J., Khokha V., Kirkpatrick A. W., Kok K. Y. Y., Inaba K., Isik A., Labricciosa F. M., Latifi R., Leppaniemi A., Litvin A., Mazuski J. E., Maier R. V., Marwah S., McFarlane M., Moore E. E., Moore F. A., Negoi I., Pagani L., Rasa K., Rubio-Perez I., Sakakushev B., Sato N., Sganga G., Siquini W., Tarasconi A., Tolonen M., Ulrych J., Zachariah S. K., and Catena F.
Abstract: Acute colonic diverticulitis is one of the most common clinical conditions encountered by surgeons in the acute setting. An international multidisciplinary panel of experts from the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) updated its guidelines for management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis (ALCD) according to the most recent available literature. The update includes recent changes introduced in the management of ALCD. The new update has been further integrated with advances in acute right-sided colonic diverticulitis (ARCD) that is more common than ALCD in select regions of the world.
Published: 2020

12. Pyroligneous acids of differently pretreated hybrid aspen biomass:herbicide and fungicide performance

Author: Korkalo, P. (Pasi), Hagner, M. (Marleena), Jänis, J. (Janne), Mäkinen, M. (Marko), Kaseva, J. (Janne), Lassi, U. (Ulla), Rasa, K. (Kimmo), Jyske, T. (Tuula), Korkalo, P. (Pasi), Hagner, M. (Marleena), Jänis, J. (Janne), Mäkinen, M. (Marko), Kaseva, J. (Janne), Lassi, U. (Ulla), Rasa, K. (Kimmo), and Jyske, T. (Tuula)
Abstract: The pyroligneous acids (PAs) of woody biomass produced by torrefaction have pesticidal properties. Thus, PAs are potential alternatives to synthetic plant protection chemicals. Although woody biomass is a renewable feedstock, its use must be efficient. The efficiency of biomass utilization can be improved by applying a cascading use principle. This study is novel because we evaluate for the first time the pesticidal potential of PAs derived from the bark of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × Populus tremuloides Michx.) and examine simultaneously how the production of the PAs can be interlinked with the cascade processing of hybrid aspen biomass. Hybrid aspen bark contains valuable extractives that can be separated before the hemicellulose is thermochemically converted into plant protection chemicals. We developed a cascade processing scheme, where these extractives were first extracted from the bark with hot water (HWE) or with hot water and alkaline alcohol (HWE+AAE) prior to their conversion into PAs by torrefaction. The herbicidal performance of PAs was tested using Brassica rapa as the test species, and the fungicidal performance was proven using Fusarium culmorum. The pesticidal activities were compared to those of the PAs of debarked wood and of commercial pesticides. According to the results, extractives can be separated from the bark without overtly diminishing the weed and fungal growth inhibitor performance of the produced PAs. The HWE of the bark before its conversion into PAs appeared to have an enhancing effect on the herbicidal activity. In contrast, HWE+AAE lowered the growth inhibition performance of PAs against both the weeds and fungi. This study shows that hybrid aspen is a viable feedstock for the production of herbicidal and fungicidal active chemicals, and it is possible to utilize biomass according to the cascading use principle.
Published: 2022

13. Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST, and GAIS guidelines

Author: Coccolini, F., Improta, M., Sartelli, M., Rasa, K., Sawyer, R., Coimbra, R., Chiarugi, M., Litvin, A., Hardcastle, T., Forfori, F., Vincent, J.L., Hecker, A., Broek, R.P.G ten, Bonavina, L., Chirica, M., Boggi, U., Pikoulis, E., Saverio, S. Di, Montravers, P., Augustin, G., Tartaglia, D., Cicuttin, E., Cremonini, C., Viaggi, B., Simone, B. De, Malbrain, M., Shelat, V.G., Fugazzola, P., Ansaloni, L., Isik, A., Rubio, I., Kamal, I., Corradi, F., Tarasconi, A., Gitto, S., Podda, M., Pikoulis, A., Leppaniemi, A., Ceresoli, M., Romeo, O., Moore, E.E., Demetrashvili, Z., Biffl, W.L., Wani, I., Tolonen, M., Duane, T., Dhingra, S., DeAngelis, N., Tan, E.C.T.H., Abu-Zidan, F., Ordonez, C., Cui, Y., Labricciosa, F., Perrone, G., Marzo, F. Di, Peitzman, A., Sakakushev, B., Sugrue, M., Boermeester, M., Nunez, R.M., Gomes, C.A., Bala, M., Kluger, Y., Catena, F., Coccolini, F., Improta, M., Sartelli, M., Rasa, K., Sawyer, R., Coimbra, R., Chiarugi, M., Litvin, A., Hardcastle, T., Forfori, F., Vincent, J.L., Hecker, A., Broek, R.P.G ten, Bonavina, L., Chirica, M., Boggi, U., Pikoulis, E., Saverio, S. Di, Montravers, P., Augustin, G., Tartaglia, D., Cicuttin, E., Cremonini, C., Viaggi, B., Simone, B. De, Malbrain, M., Shelat, V.G., Fugazzola, P., Ansaloni, L., Isik, A., Rubio, I., Kamal, I., Corradi, F., Tarasconi, A., Gitto, S., Podda, M., Pikoulis, A., Leppaniemi, A., Ceresoli, M., Romeo, O., Moore, E.E., Demetrashvili, Z., Biffl, W.L., Wani, I., Tolonen, M., Duane, T., Dhingra, S., DeAngelis, N., Tan, E.C.T.H., Abu-Zidan, F., Ordonez, C., Cui, Y., Labricciosa, F., Perrone, G., Marzo, F. Di, Peitzman, A., Sakakushev, B., Sugrue, M., Boermeester, M., Nunez, R.M., Gomes, C.A., Bala, M., Kluger, Y., and Catena, F.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 245653.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Immunocompromised patients are a heterogeneous and diffuse category frequently presenting to the emergency department with acute surgical diseases. Diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients are often complex and must be multidisciplinary. Misdiagnosis of an acute surgical disease may be followed by increased morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease occur; these patients may seek medical assistance late because their symptoms are often ambiguous. Also, they develop unique surgical problems that do not affect the general population. Management of this population must be multidisciplinary.This paper presents the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Surgical Infection Society Europe (SIS-E), World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), and Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery (GAIS) joined guidelines about the management of acute abdomen in immunocompromised patients.
Published: 2021

14. 2020 update of the WSES guidelines for the management of acute colonic diverticulitis in the emergency setting

Author: Sartelli, M. Weber, D.G. Kluger, Y. Ansaloni, L. Coccolini, F. Abu-Zidan, F. Augustin, G. Ben-Ishay, O. Biffl, W.L. Bouliaris, K. Catena, R. Ceresoli, M. Chiara, O. Chiarugi, M. Coimbra, R. Cortese, F. Cui, Y. Damaskos, D. De' Angelis, G.L. Delibegovic, S. Demetrashvili, Z. De Simone, B. Di Marzo, F. Di Saverio, S. Duane, T.M. Faro, M.P. Fraga, G.P. Gkiokas, G. Gomes, C.A. Hardcastle, T.C. Hecker, A. Karamarkovic, A. Kashuk, J. Khokha, V. Kirkpatrick, A.W. Kok, K.Y.Y. Inaba, K. Isik, A. Labricciosa, F.M. Latifi, R. Leppäniemi, A. Litvin, A. Mazuski, J.E. Maier, R.V. Marwah, S. McFarlane, M. Moore, E.E. Moore, F.A. Negoi, I. Pagani, L. Rasa, K. Rubio-Perez, I. Sakakushev, B. Sato, N. Sganga, G. Siquini, W. Tarasconi, A. Tolonen, M. Ulrych, J. Zachariah, S.K. Catena, F.
Abstract: Acute colonic diverticulitis is one of the most common clinical conditions encountered by surgeons in the acute setting. An international multidisciplinary panel of experts from the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) updated its guidelines for management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis (ALCD) according to the most recent available literature. The update includes recent changes introduced in the management of ALCD. The new update has been further integrated with advances in acute right-sided colonic diverticulitis (ARCD) that is more common than ALCD in select regions of the world. © 2020 The Author(s).
Published: 2020

15. 2020 update of the WSES guidelines for the management of acute colonic diverticulitis in the emergency setting

Author: Sartelli, M., Weber, D. G., Kluger, Y., Ansaloni, L., Coccolini, F., Abu-Zidan, F., Augustin, G., Ben-Ishay, O., Biffl, W. L., Bouliaris, K., Catena, R., Ceresoli, M., Chiara, O., Chiarugi, M., Coimbra, R., Cortese, F., Cui, Y., Damaskos, D., De' Angelis, G. L., Delibegovic, S., Demetrashvili, Z., De Simone, B., Di Marzo, F., Di Saverio, S., Duane, T. M., Faro, M. P., Fraga, G. P., Gkiokas, G., Gomes, C. A., Hardcastle, T. C., Hecker, A., Karamarkovic, A., Kashuk, J., Khokha, V., Kirkpatrick, A. W., Kok, K. Y. Y., Inaba, K., Isik, A., Labricciosa, F. M., Latifi, R., Leppaniemi, A., Litvin, A., Mazuski, J. E., Maier, R. V., Marwah, S., Mcfarlane, M., Moore, E. E., Moore, F. A., Negoi, I., Pagani, L., Rasa, K., Rubio-Perez, I., Sakakushev, B., Sato, N., Sganga, Gabriele, Siquini, W., Tarasconi, A., Tolonen, M., Ulrych, J., Zachariah, S. K., Catena, F., Sganga G. (ORCID:0000-0001-5079-0395), Sartelli, M., Weber, D. G., Kluger, Y., Ansaloni, L., Coccolini, F., Abu-Zidan, F., Augustin, G., Ben-Ishay, O., Biffl, W. L., Bouliaris, K., Catena, R., Ceresoli, M., Chiara, O., Chiarugi, M., Coimbra, R., Cortese, F., Cui, Y., Damaskos, D., De' Angelis, G. L., Delibegovic, S., Demetrashvili, Z., De Simone, B., Di Marzo, F., Di Saverio, S., Duane, T. M., Faro, M. P., Fraga, G. P., Gkiokas, G., Gomes, C. A., Hardcastle, T. C., Hecker, A., Karamarkovic, A., Kashuk, J., Khokha, V., Kirkpatrick, A. W., Kok, K. Y. Y., Inaba, K., Isik, A., Labricciosa, F. M., Latifi, R., Leppaniemi, A., Litvin, A., Mazuski, J. E., Maier, R. V., Marwah, S., Mcfarlane, M., Moore, E. E., Moore, F. A., Negoi, I., Pagani, L., Rasa, K., Rubio-Perez, I., Sakakushev, B., Sato, N., Sganga, Gabriele, Siquini, W., Tarasconi, A., Tolonen, M., Ulrych, J., Zachariah, S. K., Catena, F., and Sganga G. (ORCID:0000-0001-5079-0395)
Abstract: Acute colonic diverticulitis is one of the most common clinical conditions encountered by surgeons in the acute setting. An international multidisciplinary panel of experts from the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) updated its guidelines for management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis (ALCD) according to the most recent available literature. The update includes recent changes introduced in the management of ALCD. The new update has been further integrated with advances in acute right-sided colonic diverticulitis (ARCD) that is more common than ALCD in select regions of the world.
Published: 2020

16. 2019 update of the WSES guidelines for management of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection in surgical patients 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1103 Clinical Sciences

Author: Sartelli, M., Di Bella, Astrid, Mcfarland, L. V., Khanna, S., Furuya-Kanamori, L., Abuzeid, N., Abu-Zidan, F. M., Ansaloni, L., Augustin, G., Zimbalatti, Maria Antonietta, Ben-Ishay, O., Biffl, W. L., Brecher, S. M., Camacho-Ortiz, A., Cainzos, M. A., Chan, S., Cherry-Bukowiec, J. R., Clanton, J., Coccolini, F., Cocuz, M. E., Coimbra, R., Cortese, Francesco, Cui, Y., Czepiel, J., Demetrashvili, Z., Di Carlo, I., Di Saverio, S., Dumitru, I. M., Eckmann, C., Eiland, E. H., Forrester, J. D., Fraga, G. P., Frossard, J. L., Fry, D. E., Galeiras, R., Ghnnam, W., Gomes, C. A., Griffiths, E. A., Guirao, X., Ahmed, M. H., Herzog, T., Kim, J. I., Iqbal, T., Isik, A., Itani, K. M. F., Labricciosa, F. M., Lee, Y. Y., Juang, P., Karamarkovic, A., Kim, P. K., Kluger, Y., Leppaniemi, A., Lohsiriwat, V., Machain, G. M., Marwah, S., Mazuski, J. E., Metan, G., Moore, E. E., Moore, F. A., Ordonez, C. A., Pagani, L., Petrosillo, Nicola, Portela, F., Rasa, K., Rems, M., Sakakushev, B. E., Segovia-Lohse, H., Sganga, Gabriele, Shelat, V. G., Spigaglia, P., Tattevin, P., Trana, C., Urbanek, L., Ulrych, J., Viale, P., Baiocchi, G. L., and Catena, F.
Subjects: Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Incidence, Settore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALE, Antimicrobial treatment, Guidelines as Topic, Infection control, Clostridium difficile, Antimicrobial stewardship, Clostridioides difficile infection, Clostridium difficile infection, Fecal microbiota transplantation, Pseudomembranous colitis, Surgery, Emergency Medicine, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Postoperative Complications, Risk Factors, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Clostridium Infections, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Humans, Infection Control
Published: 2019

17. Quantifying Physical Properties of Three Sphagnum ‐Based Growing Media as Affected by Drying–Wetting Cycles

Author: Turunen, M., primary, Hyväluoma, J., additional, Heikkinen, J., additional, Keskinen, R., additional, Kaseva, J., additional, Koestel, J., additional, and Rasa, K., additional
Published: 2019
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18. Effects of biomass type, carbonization process, and activation method on the properties of bio-based activated carbons

Author: Siipola, V. (Virpi), Tamminen, T. (Tarja), Källi, A. (Anssi), Lahti, R. (Riikka), Romar, H. (Henrik), Rasa, K. (Kimmo), Keskinen, R. (Riikka), Hyväluoma, J. (Jari), Hannula, M. (Markus), Wikberg, H. (Hanne), Siipola, V. (Virpi), Tamminen, T. (Tarja), Källi, A. (Anssi), Lahti, R. (Riikka), Romar, H. (Henrik), Rasa, K. (Kimmo), Keskinen, R. (Riikka), Hyväluoma, J. (Jari), Hannula, M. (Markus), and Wikberg, H. (Hanne)
Abstract: Activated carbons (AC) serve as adsorbents in various applications requiring specific functionalities. In this study, the effects of biomass type, pre-carbonization process, and activation method on the properties of ACs were investigated. Chemical (KOH and H₃PO₄) and physical (CO₂) activations were performed on slow pyrolyzed and hydrothermally carbonized (HTC) biochars produced from two feedstocks, willow and Scots pine bark (SPB). In addition, the adsorption capacities of the ACs were tested with two dyes and zinc metal. Distinct differences were found between the biochars and ACs regarding pore size distributions, surface area (238–3505 m² g⁻¹), and surface chemistry. KOH activation produced highly microporous ACs from all biochars, whereas with H₃PO₄ and CO₂ there was also increase in the meso- and macroporosity with the HTC biochars. Adsorption capacity for dyes was dependent on the surface area, while for zinc it depended on AC’s pH. The results provide interesting insights into tailoring ACs for specific applications.
Published: 2018

19. Solvent effects in ligand substitutions of square planar complexes

Author: Ibne-Rasa, K. M., Edwards, J. O., and Rogers, J. L.
Published: 1975
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20. Structure and hydraulic properties of the boreal clay soil under differently managed buffer zones

Author: Rasa, K., primary and Horn, R., additional
Published: 2013
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21. The ethno-demographic status of the Baltic States

Author: Edmunds V. Bunkse, Mezs I, and Rasa K
Subjects: Estonia, Geography, Planning and Development, Population, Culture, Population Dynamics, Ethnic group, Developing country, Politics, Political science, Development economics, Human geography, Ethnicity, Population Characteristics, Europe, Eastern, education, Demography, Harmony (color), education.field_of_study, Developed Countries, Latvian, Lithuania, Emigration and Immigration, Latvia, language.human_language, Europe, Economy, Dominance (economics), language
Abstract: "The essay examines historic and current ethnodemographic trends in spatial and cultural contexts in the Baltic States. Fifty years of Soviet rule, with deliberate policies to dilute the relative homogeneity of the Balts through ethnocide, in-migration, and political dominance by Moscow, has left tensions between citizens of the Baltic States and illegal immigrants, mostly Russians. Estonians, and Latvians, in particular, fear ethnic and cultural extinction. The process of ethnic dilution and mixing under the Soviets is examined in terms of rural-urban contexts, the workplace, employment, housing, and education. Europe's smallest ethnic group, the Livs of Latvia, is also examined. Current demographic trends are analysed and prospects for ethnic harmony in these multi-ethnic societies are interpreted. A recurrent theme is that Latvia, with 52% of the population Latvian, is facing the most difficulties; Lithuania, with 80% Lithuanians, the least."
Published: 1994

22. Phosphorus exchange properties of European soils and sediments derived from them

Author: Hartikainen, H., primary, Rasa, K., additional, and Withers, P. J. A., additional
Published: 2010
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23. Shrinkage properties of differently managed clay soils in Finland

Author: Rasa, K., primary, Horn, R., additional, Räty, M., additional, Yli‐Halla, M., additional, and Pietola, L., additional
Published: 2009
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24. Compressive behaviour of the soil in buffer zones under different management practices in Finland

Author: RÄTY, M., primary, HORN, R., primary, and RASA, K., primary
Published: 2008
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25. Water repellency of clay, sand and organic soils in Finland

Author: RASA, K., primary, HORN, R., primary, and RÄTY, M., primary
Published: 2008
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26. ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Rates for Nucleophiles with Cyanogen Chloride: Comparison with Two Other Digonal Carbon Compounds.

Author: EDWARDS, J. O., primary, ERSTFELD, T. E., additional, IBNE‐RASA, K. M., additional, LEVEY, G., additional, and MOYER, M., additional
Published: 1986
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27. The presence of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)-related postprocedural pneumoperitoneum.

Author: Güvenç BH, Rasa K, and Güvenç S
Published: 2009
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28. The ethno-demographic status of the Baltic States

Author: Bunkse, E. V., Rasa, K., and Mezs, I.
Subjects: HISTORY
Published: 1994

29. Boosting the usefulness of hybrid aspen:from tailored biomass to a versatile feedstock for use in the chemical industry

Author: Korkalo, P. (Pasi), Lassi, U. (Ulla), Jyske, T. (Tuula), and Rasa, K. (Kimmo)
Subjects: uutteet, bark, puunkuori, herbisidit, tremula, tremuloides, torrefiointi, torrefaction, hybrid aspen, pyroligneous acid, rigid foam, herbicide, hiilivaahto, aktiivihiili, fungicide, activated carbon, fungisidit, konversiotisle, extract, hybridihaapa
Abstract: The hybrid aspen tree (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) is a fast-growing tree species with the potential to produce biomass in an enhanced manner for industrial needs. Research has shown that by breeding hybrid aspen clones, tree properties (e.g., growth ability, resistance to disease, energy density and cellulosic pulp properties) can be influenced. However, there is a gap in the research on how clonal breeding affects the chemical composition of bark and whether this information can be used in the production of added value according to the cascading use principle. In this dissertation, chemical determinations were used to calculate variations in the chemical composition of the barks of different clonal trees and to evaluate the possibilities of clonal selection to produce added value to the bark. The results were also used to select the highest potential bark biomass for cascade use studies. Cascade use was investigated by linking the methods of extraction of bark and the torrefaction of extraction residue. The added value of the extract was evaluated experimentally by producing rigid foam and activated carbon. Applicability of pyroligneous acid was tested in herbicidal and fungicidal applications. This current study produced three key results: 1) clonal variation in the chemical composition of bark indicated that bark quality varies between clone types, and this has an impact on the added-value potential of bark-derived raw material, 2) by using hot water extraction, it is possible to separate an extract suitable as a precursor for producing rigid foam and activated carbon, and 3) hemicellulose of hybrid aspen bark can be converted into herbicidal and fungicidal active pyroligneous acid by torrefaction. In summary, clone selection can affect the bark quality of hybrid aspen in a situation in which bark pulp is collected from trees grown in certain growth areas. This information has value when the goal is to produce added value for hybrid aspen in the chemical industry via the cascading use of bark. Tiivistelmä Hybridihaapa (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) on nopeasti kasvava puulaji, josta on mahdollista muodostaa tehostetusti biomassaa teollisuuden raaka-aineeksi. Hybridihaapakloonien jalostuksella tiedetään olevan vaikutusta puun ominaisuuksiin, kuten kasvukykyyn, taudinkestävyyteen, energiatiheyteen ja selluloosamassan latuun. Ei ole kuitenkaan tutkittu sitä, miten kloonijalostus vaikuttaa puun kuoren kemialliseen koostumukseen, ja voidaanko koostumuksellisia kloonivariaatioita hyödyntää kuoren käyttöarvon parannuksessa noudattaessa biojalostuksen kaskadikäyttöperiaatteita. Tässä väitöskirjassa määritetään erilaisten kloonipuiden kuorien koostumuksellisia vaihteluja ja arvioidaan kloonityyppien valinnan tuomia mahdollisuuksia tuottaa kuorelle uutta käyttöarvoa. Kloonivaihtelujen perusteella valitaan kiinnostavin kuorimassa biojalostustutkimuksiin, jonka jälkeen kuoren hyödyntämistä tarkastellaan ketjuttamalla kuoriuutteiden erotusmenetelmät sekä kuoren uuttojäännöksen termokemiallinen konversio, torrefiointi. Kuoriuutteen käyttöarvoa selvitetään valmistamalla uutteista hiilivaahtoa ja aktiivihiiltä, sekä tutkimalla torrefikaatiolla tuotettavan konversiotisleen käyttöä rikkakasvien ja sienitautien torjunta-ainekemikaalina. Tutkimuksen keskeisimmät tulokset ovat: 1) kuoren koostumuksellinen laatu vaihtelee kloonityypeittäin, ja tällä arvioidaan olevan merkitystä arvopotentiaaliin, 2) kuoriuute soveltuu hiilivaahdon ja aktiivihiilen valmistukseen, ja 3) kuoren uuttojäännöksen konversiotisleellä on herbisidi- ja fungisidiaktiivisuutta. Yhteenvetona todetaan, että kloonivalinnalla voidaan vaikuttaa hybridihaapapuun kuoren koostumukselliseen laatuun tilanteessa, jossa kuorimassa kerätään tietyllä kasvualueella kasvaneista kloonipuista. Tuloksilla nähdään olevan arvoa, kun tavoitteena on tuottaa kuoribiomassalle lisäarvoa kemianteollisuuden käyttöön ketjuttamalla menetelmiä kaskadikäyttöperiaatteen mukaisesti.
Published: 2023

30. The unrestricted global effort to complete the COOL trial

Author: Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, Federico Coccolini, Matti Tolonen, Samuel Minor, Fausto Catena, Emanuel Gois, Christopher J. Doig, Michael D. Hill, Luca Ansaloni, Massimo Chiarugi, Dario Tartaglia, Orestis Ioannidis, Michael Sugrue, Elif Colak, S. Morad Hameed, Hanna Lampela, Vanni Agnoletti, Jessica L. McKee, Naisan Garraway, Massimo Sartelli, Chad G. Ball, Neil G. Parry, Kelly Voght, Lisa Julien, Jenna Kroeker, Derek J. Roberts, Peter Faris, Corina Tiruta, Ernest E. Moore, Lee Anne Ammons, Elissavet Anestiadou, Cino Bendinelli, Konstantinos Bouliaris, Rosemarry Carroll, Marco Ceresoli, Francesco Favi, Angela Gurrado, Joao Rezende-Neto, Arda Isik, Camilla Cremonini, Silivia Strambi, Georgios Koukoulis, Mario Testini, Sandy Trpcic, Alessandro Pasculli, Erika Picariello, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Ademola Adeyeye, Goran Augustin, Felipe Alconchel, Yuksel Altinel, Luz Adriana Hernandez Amin, José Manuel Aranda-Narváez, Oussama Baraket, Walter L. Biffl, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Luigi Bonavina, Giuseppe Brisinda, Luca Cardinali, Andrea Celotti, Mohamed Chaouch, Maria Chiarello, Gianluca Costa, Nicola de’Angelis, Nicolo De Manzini, Samir Delibegovic, Salomone Di Saverio, Belinda De Simone, Vincent Dubuisson, Pietro Fransvea, Gianluca Garulli, Alessio Giordano, Carlos Gomes, Firdaus Hayati, Jinjian Huang, Aini Fahriza Ibrahim, Tan Jih Huei, Ruhi Fadzlyana Jailani, Mansoor Khan, Alfonso Palmieri Luna, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Sanjay Marwah, Paul McBeth, Andrei Mihailescu, Alessia Morello, Francesk Mulita, Valentina Murzi, Ahmad Tarmizi Mohammad, Simran Parmar, Ajay Pak, Michael Pak-Kai Wong, Desire Pantalone, Mauro Podda, Caterina Puccioni, Kemal Rasa, Jianan Ren, Francesco Roscio, Antonio Gonzalez-Sanchez, Gabriele Sganga, Maximilian Scheiterle, Mihail Slavchev, Dmitry Smirnov, Lorenzo Tosi, Anand Trivedi, Jaime Andres Gonzalez Vega, Maciej Waledziak, Sofia Xenaki, Desmond Winter, Xiuwen Wu, Andee Dzulkarnean Zakaria, Zaidi Zakaria, Kirkpatrick, A, Coccolini, F, Tolonen, M, Minor, S, Catena, F, Gois, E, Doig, C, Hill, M, Ansaloni, L, Chiarugi, M, Tartaglia, D, Ioannidis, O, Sugrue, M, Colak, E, Hameed, S, Lampela, H, Agnoletti, V, Mckee, J, Garraway, N, Sartelli, M, Ball, C, Parry, N, Voght, K, Julien, L, Kroeker, J, Roberts, D, Faris, P, Tiruta, C, Moore, E, Ammons, L, Anestiadou, E, Bendinelli, C, Bouliaris, K, Carroll, R, Ceresoli, M, Favi, F, Gurrado, A, Rezende-Neto, J, Isik, A, Cremonini, C, Strambi, S, Koukoulis, G, Testini, M, Trpcic, S, Pasculli, A, Picariello, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Adeyeye, A, Augustin, G, Alconchel, F, Altinel, Y, Hernandez Amin, L, Aranda-Narvaez, J, Baraket, O, Biffl, W, Baiocchi, G, Bonavina, L, Brisinda, G, Cardinali, L, Celotti, A, Chaouch, M, Chiarello, M, Costa, G, De'Angelis, N, De Manzini, N, Delibegovic, S, Di Saverio, S, De Simone, B, Dubuisson, V, Fransvea, P, Garulli, G, Giordano, A, Gomes, C, Hayati, F, Huang, J, Ibrahim, A, Huei, T, Jailani, R, Khan, M, Luna, A, Malbrain, M, Marwah, S, Mcbeth, P, Mihailescu, A, Morello, A, Mulita, F, Murzi, V, Mohammad, A, Parmar, S, Pak, A, Wong, M, Pantalone, D, Podda, M, Puccioni, C, Rasa, K, Ren, J, Roscio, F, Gonzalez-Sanchez, A, Sganga, G, Scheiterle, M, Slavchev, M, Smirnov, D, Tosi, L, Trivedi, A, Vega, J, Waledziak, M, Xenaki, S, Winter, D, Wu, X, Zakaria, A, and Zakaria, Z
Subjects: Intraperitoneal sepsi, Laparotomy, Peritoniti, Randomized controlled trial, Septic shock, Emergency Medicine, Global health, Surgery, Open abdomen, Multiple organ dysfunction
Abstract: Background Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has an increasing incidence with mortality rates over 80% in some settings. Mortality typically results from disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, progressive and self-perpetuating bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. A further therapeutic option may be open abdomen (OA) management with negative peritoneal pressure therapy (NPPT) to remove inflammatory ascites and attenuate the systemic damage from SCIAS, although there are definite risks of leaving the abdomen open whenever it might possibly be closed. This potential therapeutic paradigm is the rationale being assessed in the Closed Or Open after Laparotomy (COOL trial) (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03163095). Initially, the COOL trial received Industry sponsorship; however, this funding mandated the use of a specific trademarked and expensive NPPT device in half of the patients allocated to the intervention (open) arm. In August 2022, the 3 M/Acelity Corporation without consultation but within the terms of the contract canceled the financial support of the trial. Although creating financial difficulty, there is now no restriction on specific NPPT devices and removing a cost-prohibitive intervention creates an opportunity to expand the COOL trial to a truly global basis. This document describes the evolution of the COOL trial, with a focus on future opportunities for global growth of the study. Methods The COOL trial is the largest prospective randomized controlled trial examining the random allocation of SCIAS patients intra-operatively to either formal closure of the fascia or the use of the OA with an application of an NPPT dressing. Patients are eligible if they have free uncontained intraperitoneal contamination and physiologic derangements exemplified by septic shock OR severely adverse predicted clinical outcomes. The primary outcome is intended to definitively inform global practice by conclusively evaluating 90-day survival. Initial recruitment has been lower than hoped but satisfactory, and the COOL steering committee and trial investigators intend with increased global support to continue enrollment until recruitment ensures a definitive answer. Discussion OA is mandated in many cases of SCIAS such as the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome associated with closure, or a planned second look as for example part of “damage control”; however, improved source control (locally and systemically) is the most uncertain indication for an OA. The COOL trial seeks to expand potential sites and proceed with the evaluation of NPPT agnostic to device, to properly examine the hypothesis that this treatment attenuates systemic damage and improves survival. This approach will not affect internal validity and should improve the external validity of any observed results of the intervention. Trial registration: National Institutes of Health (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03163095).
Published: 2023

31. Two years later: Is the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still having an impact on emergency surgery? An international cross-sectional survey among WSES members

Author: Reichert, Martin, Sartelli, Massimo, Weigand, Markus A, Hecker, Matthias, Oppelt, Philip U, Noll, Julia, Askevold, Ingolf H, Liese, Juliane, Padberg, Winfried, Coccolini, Federico, Catena, Fausto, Hecker, Andreas, Adam Peckham-Cooper, Adrian Camacho-Ortiz, Aikaterini T. Mastoraki, Aitor Landaluce-Olavarria, Ajay Kumar Pal, Akira Kuriyama, Alain Chichom-Mefire, Alberto Porcu, Aleix Martínez-Pérez, Aleksandar R. Karamarkovic, Aleksei V. Osipov, Alessandro Coppola, Alessandro Cucchetti, Alessandro Spolini, Alessio Giordano, Alexander Reinisch-Liese, Alfie J. Kavalakat, Alin Vasilescu, Amin Alamin, Amit Gupta, Ana Maria Dascalu, Ana-Maria Musina, Anargyros Bakopoulos, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria, Andras Vereczkei, Andrea Balla, Andrea Bottari, Andreas Baumann, Andreas Fette, Andrey Litvin, Aniella Katharina Reichert, Anna Guariniello, Anna Paspala, Anne-Sophie Schneck, Antonio Brillantino, Antonio Pesce, Arda Isik, Ari Kalevi Leppäniemi, Aristeidis Papadopoulos, Aristotelis Kechagias, Ashraf Yehya Abdalla Mohamed, Ashrarur Rahman Mitul, Athanasios Marinis, Athanasios Syllaios, Baris Mantoglu, Belinda De Simone, Benjamin Stefan Weiss, Bernd Pösentrup, Biagio Picardi, Biagio Zampogna, Boris Eugeniev Sakakushev, Boyko Chavdarov Atanasov, Bruno Nardo, Bulent Calik, Camilla Cremonini, Carlos A. Ordoñez, Charalampos Seretis, Chiara Cascone, Christos Chouliaras, Cino Bendinelli, Claudia Lopes, Claudio Guerci, Clemens Weber, Constantinos Nastos, Cristian Mesina, Damiano Caputo, Damien Massalou, Davide Cavaliere, Deborah A. McNamara, Demetrios Demetriades, Desirè Pantalone, Diego Coletta, Diego Sasia, Diego Visconti, Dieter G. Weber, Diletta Corallino, Dimitrios Chatzipetris, Dimitrios K. Manatakis, Dimitrios Ntourakis, Dimitrios Papaconstantinou, Dimitrios Schizas, Dimosthenis Chrysikos, Dmitry Mikhailovich Adamovich, Doaa Elkafrawy, Dragos Seban, Edgar Fernando Hernandez García, Edoardo Baldini, Edoardo Picetti, Edward C. T. H. Tan, Efstratia Baili, Eftychios Lostoridis, Elena Adelina Toma, Elif Colak, Elisabetta Cerutti, Elmin Steyn, Elmuiz A. Hsabo, Emmanouil Ioannis Kapetanakis, Emmanouil Kaouras, Emmanuel Schneck, Emrah Akin, Emre Gonullu, Enes çelik, Enrico Cicuttin, Enrico Pinotti, Erik Johnsson, Ernest E. Moore, Ervis Agastra, Evgeni Nikolaev Dimitrov, Ewen A. Griffiths, Fabrizio D’Acapito, Federica Saraceno, Felipe Alconchel, Felix Alexander Zeppernick, Fernando Machado Rodríguez, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Francesca Pecchini, Francesco Favi, Francesco Ferrara, Francesco Fleres, Francesco Pata, Francesco Pietro Maria Roscio, Francesk Mulita, Frank J. M. F. Dor, Fredrik Linder, Gabriel Dimofte, Gabriel Rodrigues, Gabriela Nita, Gabriele Sganga, Gennaro Martines, Gennaro Mazzarella, Gennaro Perrone, George Velmahos, Georgios D. Lianos, Gia Tomadze, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Giancarlo D’Ambrosio, Gianluca Pellino, Gianmaria Casoni Pattacini, Giorgio Giraudo, Giorgio Lisi, Giovanni Domenico Tebala, Giovanni Pirozzolo, Giulia Montori, Giulio Argenio, Giuseppe Brisinda, Giuseppe Currò, Giuseppe Giuliani, Giuseppe Palomba, Giuseppe Roscitano, Gökhan Avşar, Goran Augustin, Guglielmo Clarizia, Gustavo M. Machain Vega, Gustavo P. Fraga, Harsheet Sethi, Hazim Abdulnassir Eltyeb, Helmut A. Segovia Lohse, Herald René Segovia Lohse, Hüseyin Bayhan, Hytham K. S. Hamid, Igor A. Kryvoruchko, Immacolata Iannone, Imtiaz Wani, Ioannis I. Lazaridis, Ioannis Katsaros, Ioannis Nikolopoulos, Ionut Negoi, Isabella Reccia, Isidoro Di Carlo, Iyiade Olatunde Olaoye, Jacek Czepiel, Jae Il Kim, Jeremy Meyer, Jesus Manuel Saenz Terrazas, Joel Noutakdie Tochie, Joseph M. Galante, Justin Davies, Kapil Sugand, Kebebe Bekele Gonfa, Kemal Rasa, Kenneth Y. Y. Kok, Konstantinos G. Apostolou, Konstantinos Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos Tsekouras, Kumar Angamuthu, Lali Akhmeteli, Larysa Sydorchuk, Laura Fortuna, Leandro Siragusa, Leonardo Pagani, Leonardo Solaini, Lisa A. Miller, Lovenish Bains, Luca Ansaloni, Luca Ferrario, Luigi Bonavina, Luigi Conti, Luis Antonio Buonomo, Luis Tallon-Aguilar, Lukas Tomczyk, Lukas Werner Widmer, Maciej Walędziak, Mahir Gachabayov, Maloni M. Bulanauca, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Marc Maegele, Marco Catarci, Marco Ceresoli, Maria Chiara Ranucci, Maria Ioanna Antonopoulou, Maria Papadoliopoulou, Maria Rosaria Valenti, Maria Sotiropoulou, Mario D’Oria, Mario Serradilla Martín, Markus Hirschburger, Massimiliano Veroux, Massimo Fantoni, Matteo Nardi, Matti Tolonen, Mauro Montuori, Mauro Podda, Maximilian Scheiterle, Maximos Frountzas, Mehmet Sarıkaya, Mehmet Yildirim, Michael Bender, Michail Vailas, Michel Teuben, Michela Campanelli, Michele Ammendola, Michele Malerba, Michele Pisano, Mihaela Pertea, Mihail Slavchev, Mika Ukkonen, Miklosh Bala, Mircea Chirica, Mirko Barone, Mohamed Maher Shaat, Mohammed Jibreel Suliman Mohammed, Mona Awad Akasha Abuelgasim, Monika Gureh, Mouaqit Ouadii, Mujdat Balkan, Mumin Mohamed, Musluh Hakseven, Natalia Velenciuc, Nicola Cillara, Nicola de’Angelis, Nicolò Tamini, Nikolaos J. Zavras, Nikolaos Machairas, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Nikolaos N. Koliakos, Nikolaos Pararas, Noel E. Donlon, Noushif Medappil, Offir Ben-Ishay, Olmi Stefano, Omar Islam, Ömer Tammo, Orestis Ioannidis, Oscar Aparicio, Oussama Baraket, Pankaj Kumar, Pasquale Cianci, Per Örtenwall, Petar Angelov Uchikov, Philip de Reuver, Philip F. Stahel, Philip S. Barie, Micaela Piccoli, Piotr Major, Pradeep H. Navsaria, Prakash Kumar Sasmal, Raul Coimbra, Razrim Rahim, Recayi Çapoğlu, Renol M. Koshy, Ricardo Alessandro Teixeira Gonsaga, Riccardo Pertile, Rifat Ramadan Mussa Mohamed, Rıza Deryol, Robert G. Sawyer, Roberta Angelico, Roberta Ragozzino, Roberto Bini, Roberto Cammarata, Rosa Scaramuzzo, Rossella Gioco, Ruslan Sydorchuk, Salma Ahmed, Salomone Di Saverio, Sameh Hany Emile, Samir Delibegovic, Sanjay Marwah, Savvas Symeonidis, Scott G. Thomas, Sebahattin Demir, Selmy S. Awad, Semra Demirli Atici, Serge Chooklin, Serhat Meric, Sevcan Sarıkaya, Sharfuddin Chowdhury, Shaza Faycal Mirghani, Sherry M. Wren, Simone Gargarella, Simone Rossi Del Monte, Sofia Esposito, Sofia Xenaki, Soliman Fayez Ghedan Mohamed, Solomon Gurmu Beka, Sorinel Lunca, Spiros G. Delis, Spyridon Dritsas, Stefan Morarasu, Stefano Magnone, Stefano Rossi, Stefanos Bitsianis, Stylianos Kykalos, Suman Baral, Sumita A. Jain, Syed Muhammad Ali, Tadeja Pintar, Tania Triantafyllou, Tarik Delko, Teresa Perra, Theodoros A. Sidiropoulos, Thomas M. Scalea, Tim Oliver Vilz, Timothy Craig Hardcastle, Tongporn Wannatoop, Torsten Herzog, Tushar Subhadarshan Mishra, Ugo Boggi, Valentin Calu, Valentina Tomajer, Vanni Agnoletti, Varut Lohsiriwat, Victor Kong, Virginia Durán Muñoz-Cruzado, Vishal G. Shelat, Vladimir Khokha, Wagih Mommtaz Ghannam, Walter L. Biffl, Wietse Zuidema, Yasin Kara, Yoshiro Kobe, Zaza Demetrashvili, Ziad A. Memish, Zoilo Madrazo, Zsolt J. Balogh, Zulfu Bayhan, Surgery, AMS - Musculoskeletal Health, Other Research, APH - Quality of Care, Reichert, Martin, Sartelli, Massimo, Weigand, Markus A, Hecker, Matthia, Oppelt, Philip U, Noll, Julia, Askevold, Ingolf H, Liese, Juliane, Padberg, Winfried, Coccolini, Federico, Catena, Fausto, Hecker, Andrea, Adam Peckham-Cooper, Adrian Camacho-Ortiz, Aikaterini T. Mastoraki, Aitor Landaluce-Olavarria, Ajay Kumar Pal, Akira Kuriyama, Alain Chichom-Mefire, Alberto Porcu, Aleix Martínez-Pérez, Aleksandar R. Karamarkovic, Aleksei V. Osipov, Alessandro Coppola, Alessandro Cucchetti, Alessandro Spolini, Alessio Giordano, Alexander Reinisch-Liese, Alfie J. Kavalakat, Alin Vasilescu, Amin Alamin, Amit Gupta, Ana Maria Dascalu, Ana-Maria Musina, Anargyros Bakopoulos, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria, Andras Vereczkei, Andrea Balla, Andrea Bottari, Andreas Baumann, Andreas Fette, Andrey Litvin, Aniella Katharina Reichert, Anna Guariniello, Anna Paspala, Anne-Sophie Schneck, Antonio Brillantino, Antonio Pesce, Arda Isik, Ari Kalevi Leppäniemi, Aristeidis Papadopoulos, Aristotelis Kechagias, Ashraf Yehya Abdalla Mohamed, Ashrarur Rahman Mitul, Athanasios Marinis, Athanasios Syllaios, Baris Mantoglu, Belinda De Simone, Benjamin Stefan Weiss, Bernd Pösentrup, Biagio Picardi, Biagio Zampogna, Boris Eugeniev Sakakushev, Boyko Chavdarov Atanasov, Bruno Nardo, Bulent Calik, Camilla Cremonini, Carlos A. Ordoñez, Charalampos Seretis, Chiara Cascone, Christos Chouliaras, Cino Bendinelli, Claudia Lopes, Claudio Guerci, Clemens Weber, Constantinos Nastos, Cristian Mesina, Damiano Caputo, Damien Massalou, Davide Cavaliere, Deborah A. McNamara, Demetrios Demetriades, Desirè Pantalone, Diego Coletta, Diego Sasia, Diego Visconti, Dieter G. Weber, Diletta Corallino, Dimitrios Chatzipetris, Dimitrios K. Manatakis, Dimitrios Ntourakis, Dimitrios Papaconstantinou, Dimitrios Schizas, Dimosthenis Chrysikos, Dmitry Mikhailovich Adamovich, Doaa Elkafrawy, Dragos Seban, Edgar Fernando Hernandez García, Edoardo Baldini, Edoardo Picetti, Edward C. T. H. Tan, Efstratia Baili, Eftychios Lostoridis, Elena Adelina Toma, Elif Colak, Elisabetta Cerutti, Elmin Steyn, Elmuiz A. Hsabo, Emmanouil Ioannis Kapetanakis, Emmanouil Kaouras, Emmanuel Schneck, Emrah Akin, Emre Gonullu, Enes çelik, Enrico Cicuttin, Enrico Pinotti, Erik Johnsson, Ernest E. Moore, Ervis Agastra, Evgeni Nikolaev Dimitrov, Ewen A. Griffiths, Fabrizio D’Acapito, Federica Saraceno, Felipe Alconchel, Felix Alexander Zeppernick, Fernando Machado Rodríguez, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Francesca Pecchini, Francesco Favi, Francesco Ferrara, Francesco Fleres, Francesco Pata, Francesco Pietro Maria Roscio, Francesk Mulita, Frank J. M. F. Dor, Fredrik Linder, Gabriel Dimofte, Gabriel Rodrigues, Gabriela Nita, Gabriele Sganga, Gennaro Martines, Gennaro Mazzarella, Gennaro Perrone, George Velmahos, Georgios D. Lianos, Gia Tomadze, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Giancarlo D’Ambrosio, Gianluca Pellino, Gianmaria Casoni Pattacini, Giorgio Giraudo, Giorgio Lisi, Giovanni Domenico Tebala, Giovanni Pirozzolo, Giulia Montori, Giulio Argenio, Giuseppe Brisinda, Giuseppe Currò, Giuseppe Giuliani, Giuseppe Palomba, Giuseppe Roscitano, Gökhan Avşar, Goran Augustin, Guglielmo Clarizia, Gustavo M. Machain Vega, Gustavo P. Fraga, Harsheet Sethi, Hazim Abdulnassir Eltyeb, Helmut A. Segovia Lohse, Herald René Segovia Lohse, Hüseyin Bayhan, Hytham K. S. Hamid, Igor A. Kryvoruchko, Immacolata Iannone, Imtiaz Wani, Ioannis I. Lazaridis, Ioannis Katsaros, Ioannis Nikolopoulos, Ionut Negoi, Isabella Reccia, Isidoro Di Carlo, Iyiade Olatunde Olaoye, Jacek Czepiel, Jae Il Kim, Jeremy Meyer, Jesus Manuel Saenz Terrazas, Joel Noutakdie Tochie, Joseph M. Galante, Justin Davies, Kapil Sugand, Kebebe Bekele Gonfa, Kemal Rasa, Kenneth Y. Y. Kok, Konstantinos G. Apostolou, Konstantinos Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos Tsekouras, Kumar Angamuthu, Lali Akhmeteli, Larysa Sydorchuk, Laura Fortuna, Leandro Siragusa, Leonardo Pagani, Leonardo Solaini, Lisa A. Miller, Lovenish Bains, Luca Ansaloni, Luca Ferrario, Luigi Bonavina, Luigi Conti, Luis Antonio Buonomo, Luis Tallon-Aguilar, Lukas Tomczyk, Lukas Werner Widmer, Maciej Walędziak, Mahir Gachabayov, Maloni M. Bulanauca, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Marc Maegele, Marco Catarci, Marco Ceresoli, Maria Chiara Ranucci, Maria Ioanna Antonopoulou, Maria Papadoliopoulou, Maria Rosaria Valenti, Maria Sotiropoulou, Mario D’Oria, Mario Serradilla Martín, Markus Hirschburger, Massimiliano Veroux, Massimo Fantoni, Matteo Nardi, Matti Tolonen, Mauro Montuori, Mauro Podda, Maximilian Scheiterle, Maximos Frountzas, Mehmet Sarıkaya, Mehmet Yildirim, Michael Bender, Michail Vailas, Michel Teuben, Michela Campanelli, Michele Ammendola, Michele Malerba, Michele Pisano, Mihaela Pertea, Mihail Slavchev, Mika Ukkonen, Miklosh Bala, Mircea Chirica, Mirko Barone, Mohamed Maher Shaat, Mohammed Jibreel Suliman Mohammed, Mona Awad Akasha Abuelgasim, Monika Gureh, Mouaqit Ouadii, Mujdat Balkan, Mumin Mohamed, Musluh Hakseven, Natalia Velenciuc, Nicola Cillara, Nicola de’Angelis, Nicolò Tamini, Nikolaos J. Zavras, Nikolaos Machairas, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Nikolaos N. Koliakos, Nikolaos Pararas, Noel E. Donlon, Noushif Medappil, Offir Ben-Ishay, Olmi Stefano, Omar Islam, Ömer Tammo, Orestis Ioannidis, Oscar Aparicio, Oussama Baraket, Pankaj Kumar, Pasquale Cianci, Per Örtenwall, Petar Angelov Uchikov, Philip de Reuver, Philip F. Stahel, Philip S. Barie, Micaela Piccoli, Piotr Major, Pradeep H. Navsaria, Prakash Kumar Sasmal, Raul Coimbra, Razrim Rahim, Recayi Çapoğlu, Renol M. Koshy, Ricardo Alessandro Teixeira Gonsaga, Riccardo Pertile, Rifat Ramadan Mussa Mohamed, Rıza Deryol, Robert G. Sawyer, Roberta Angelico, Roberta Ragozzino, Roberto Bini, Roberto Cammarata, Rosa Scaramuzzo, Rossella Gioco, Ruslan Sydorchuk, Salma Ahmed, Salomone Di Saverio, Sameh Hany Emile, Samir Delibegovic, Sanjay Marwah, Savvas Symeonidis, Scott G. Thomas, Sebahattin Demir, Selmy S. Awad, Semra Demirli Atici, Serge Chooklin, Serhat Meric, Sevcan Sarıkaya, Sharfuddin Chowdhury, Shaza Faycal Mirghani, Sherry M. Wren, Simone Gargarella, Simone Rossi Del Monte, Sofia Esposito, Sofia Xenaki, Soliman Fayez Ghedan Mohamed, Solomon Gurmu Beka, Sorinel Lunca, Spiros G. Delis, Spyridon Dritsas, Stefan Morarasu, Stefano Magnone, Stefano Rossi, Stefanos Bitsianis, Stylianos Kykalos, Suman Baral, Sumita A. Jain, Syed Muhammad Ali, Tadeja Pintar, Tania Triantafyllou, Tarik Delko, Teresa Perra, Theodoros A. Sidiropoulos, Thomas M. Scalea, Tim Oliver Vilz, Timothy Craig Hardcastle, Tongporn Wannatoop, Torsten Herzog, Tushar Subhadarshan Mishra, Ugo Boggi, Valentin Calu, Valentina Tomajer, Vanni Agnoletti, Varut Lohsiriwat, Victor Kong, Virginia Durán Muñoz-Cruzado, Vishal G. Shelat, Vladimir Khokha, Wagih Mommtaz Ghannam, Walter L. Biffl, Wietse Zuidema, Yasin Kara, Yoshiro Kobe, Zaza Demetrashvili, Ziad A. Memish, Zoilo Madrazo, Zsolt J. Balogh, Zulfu Bayhan, Reichert, M, Sartelli, M, Weigand, M, Hecker, M, Oppelt, P, Noll, J, Askevold, I, Liese, J, Padberg, W, Coccolini, F, Catena, F, Hecker, A, Peckham-Cooper, A, Camacho-Ortiz, A, Mastoraki, A, Landaluce-Olavarria, A, Pal, A, Kuriyama, A, Chichom-Mefire, A, Porcu, A, Martinez-Perez, A, Karamarkovic, A, Osipov, A, Coppola, A, Cucchetti, A, Spolini, A, Giordano, A, Reinisch-Liese, A, Kavalakat, A, Vasilescu, A, Alamin, A, Gupta, A, Dascalu, A, Musina, A, Bakopoulos, A, Zakaria, A, Vereczkei, A, Balla, A, Bottari, A, Baumann, A, Fette, A, Litvin, A, Reichert, A, Guariniello, A, Paspala, A, Schneck, A, Brillantino, A, Pesce, A, Isik, A, Leppaniemi, A, Papadopoulos, A, Kechagias, A, Mohamed, A, Mitul, A, Marinis, A, Syllaios, A, Mantoglu, B, De Simone, B, Weiss, B, Posentrup, B, Picardi, B, Zampogna, B, Sakakushev, B, Atanasov, B, Nardo, B, Calik, B, Cremonini, C, Ordonez, C, Seretis, C, Cascone, C, Chouliaras, C, Bendinelli, C, Lopes, C, Guerci, C, Weber, C, Nastos, C, Mesina, C, Caputo, D, Massalou, D, Cavaliere, D, Mcnamara, D, Demetriades, D, Pantalone, D, Coletta, D, Sasia, D, Visconti, D, Weber, D, Corallino, D, Chatzipetris, D, Manatakis, D, Ntourakis, D, Papaconstantinou, D, Schizas, D, Chrysikos, D, Adamovich, D, Elkafrawy, D, Seban, D, Garcia, E, Baldini, E, Picetti, E, Tan, E, Baili, E, Lostoridis, E, Toma, E, Colak, E, Cerutti, E, Steyn, E, Hsabo, E, Kapetanakis, E, Kaouras, E, Schneck, E, Akin, E, Gonullu, E, Celik, E, Cicuttin, E, Pinotti, E, Johnsson, E, Moore, E, Agastra, E, Dimitrov, E, Griffiths, E, D'Acapito, F, Saraceno, F, Alconchel, F, Zeppernick, F, Rodriguez, F, Abu-Zidan, F, Pecchini, F, Favi, F, Ferrara, F, Fleres, F, Pata, F, Roscio, F, Mulita, F, Dor, F, Linder, F, Dimofte, G, Rodrigues, G, Nita, G, Sganga, G, Martines, G, Mazzarella, G, Perrone, G, Velmahos, G, Lianos, G, Tomadze, G, Baiocchi, G, D'Ambrosio, G, Pellino, G, Pattacini, G, Giraudo, G, Lisi, G, Tebala, G, Pirozzolo, G, Montori, G, Argenio, G, Brisinda, G, Curro, G, Giuliani, G, Palomba, G, Roscitano, G, Avsar, G, Augustin, G, Clarizia, G, Vega, G, Fraga, G, Sethi, H, Eltyeb, H, Lohse, H, Bayhan, H, Hamid, H, Kryvoruchko, I, Iannone, I, Wani, I, Lazaridis, I, Katsaros, I, Nikolopoulos, I, Negoi, I, Reccia, I, Di Carlo, I, Olaoye, I, Czepiel, J, Kim, J, Meyer, J, Terrazas, J, Tochie, J, Galante, J, Davies, J, Sugand, K, Gonfa, K, Rasa, K, Kok, K, Apostolou, K, Lasithiotakis, K, Tsekouras, K, Angamuthu, K, Akhmeteli, L, Sydorchuk, L, Fortuna, L, Siragusa, L, Pagani, L, Solaini, L, Miller, L, Bains, L, Ansaloni, L, Ferrario, L, Bonavina, L, Conti, L, Buonomo, L, Tallon-Aguilar, L, Tomczyk, L, Widmer, L, Waledziak, M, Gachabayov, M, Bulanauca, M, Malbrain, M, Maegele, M, Catarci, M, Ceresoli, M, Ranucci, M, Antonopoulou, M, Papadoliopoulou, M, Valenti, M, Sotiropoulou, M, D'Oria, M, Martin, M, Hirschburger, M, Veroux, M, Fantoni, M, Nardi, M, Tolonen, M, Montuori, M, Podda, M, Scheiterle, M, Frountzas, M, Sarikaya, M, Yildirim, M, Bender, M, Vailas, M, Teuben, M, Campanelli, M, Ammendola, M, Malerba, M, Pisano, M, Pertea, M, Slavchev, M, Ukkonen, M, Bala, M, Chirica, M, Barone, M, Shaat, M, Mohammed, M, Abuelgasim, M, Gureh, M, Ouadii, M, Balkan, M, Mohamed, M, Hakseven, M, Velenciuc, N, Cillara, N, De'Angelis, N, Tamini, N, Zavras, N, Machairas, N, Michalopoulos, N, Koliakos, N, Pararas, N, Donlon, N, Medappil, N, Ben-Ishay, O, Stefano, O, Islam, O, Tammo, O, Ioannidis, O, Aparicio, O, Baraket, O, Kumar, P, Cianci, P, Ortenwall, P, Uchikov, P, de Reuver, P, Stahel, P, Barie, P, Piccoli, M, Major, P, Navsaria, P, Sasmal, P, Coimbra, R, Rahim, R, Capoglu, R, Koshy, R, Gonsaga, R, Pertile, R, Mohamed, R, Deryol, R, Sawyer, R, Angelico, R, Ragozzino, R, Bini, R, Cammarata, R, Scaramuzzo, R, Gioco, R, Sydorchuk, R, Ahmed, S, Di Saverio, S, Emile, S, Delibegovic, S, Marwah, S, Symeonidis, S, Thomas, S, Demir, S, Awad, S, Atici, S, Chooklin, S, Meric, S, Sarikaya, S, Chowdhury, S, Mirghani, S, Wren, S, Gargarella, S, Del Monte, S, Esposito, S, Xenaki, S, Mohamed, S, Beka, S, Lunca, S, Delis, S, Dritsas, S, Morarasu, S, Magnone, S, Rossi, S, Bitsianis, S, Kykalos, S, Baral, S, Jain, S, Ali, S, Pintar, T, Triantafyllou, T, Delko, T, Perra, T, Sidiropoulos, T, Scalea, T, Vilz, T, Hardcastle, T, Wannatoop, T, Herzog, T, Mishra, T, Boggi, U, Calu, V, Tomajer, V, Agnoletti, V, Lohsiriwat, V, Kong, V, Munoz-Cruzado, V, Shelat, V, Khokha, V, Ghannam, W, Biffl, W, Zuidema, W, Kara, Y, Kobe, Y, Demetrashvili, Z, Memish, Z, Madrazo, Z, Balogh, Z, and Bayhan, Z
Subjects: Cross-Sectional Studie, ddc:610, Capacity, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, WSES, Time to intervention, Appendicitis, Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 10], Cross-Sectional Studies, Emergency, Quarantine, Emergency Medicine, Emergency surgery, Humans, Surgery, Appendiciti, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemic, Emergency surgery, Emergency, Appendicitis, WSES, Time to intervention, Capacity, Quarantine, Pandemics, Diverticulitis, Human
Abstract: Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is still ongoing and a major challenge for health care services worldwide. In the first WSES COVID-19 emergency surgery survey, a strong negative impact on emergency surgery (ES) had been described already early in the pandemic situation. However, the knowledge is limited about current effects of the pandemic on patient flow through emergency rooms, daily routine and decision making in ES as well as their changes over time during the last two pandemic years. This second WSES COVID-19 emergency surgery survey investigates the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on ES during the course of the pandemic. Methods A web survey had been distributed to medical specialists in ES during a four-week period from January 2022, investigating the impact of the pandemic on patients and septic diseases both requiring ES, structural problems due to the pandemic and time-to-intervention in ES routine. Results 367 collaborators from 59 countries responded to the survey. The majority indicated that the pandemic still significantly impacts on treatment and outcome of surgical emergency patients (83.1% and 78.5%, respectively). As reasons, the collaborators reported decreased case load in ES (44.7%), but patients presenting with more prolonged and severe diseases, especially concerning perforated appendicitis (62.1%) and diverticulitis (57.5%). Otherwise, approximately 50% of the participants still observe a delay in time-to-intervention in ES compared with the situation before the pandemic. Relevant causes leading to enlarged time-to-intervention in ES during the pandemic are persistent problems with in-hospital logistics, lacks in medical staff as well as operating room and intensive care capacities during the pandemic. This leads not only to the need for triage or transferring of ES patients to other hospitals, reported by 64.0% and 48.8% of the collaborators, respectively, but also to paradigm shifts in treatment modalities to non-operative approaches reported by 67.3% of the participants, especially in uncomplicated appendicitis, cholecystitis and multiple-recurrent diverticulitis. Conclusions The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic still significantly impacts on care and outcome of patients in ES. Well-known problems with in-hospital logistics are not sufficiently resolved by now; however, medical staff shortages and reduced capacities have been dramatically aggravated over last two pandemic years.
Published: 2022

32. WSES/GAIS/WSIS/SIS-E/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with skin and soft tissue infections

Author: Massimo Sartelli, Federico Coccolini, Yoram Kluger, Ervis Agastra, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Ashraf El Sayed Abbas, Luca Ansaloni, Abdulrashid Kayode Adesunkanmi, Goran Augustin, Miklosh Bala, Oussama Baraket, Walter L. Biffl, Marco Ceresoli, Elisabetta Cerutti, Osvaldo Chiara, Enrico Cicuttin, Massimo Chiarugi, Raul Coimbra, Daniela Corsi, Francesco Cortese, Yunfeng Cui, Dimitris Damaskos, Nicola de’Angelis, Samir Delibegovic, Zaza Demetrashvili, Belinda De Simone, Stijn W. de Jonge, Stefano Di Bella, Salomone Di Saverio, Therese M. Duane, Paola Fugazzola, Joseph M. Galante, Wagih Ghnnam, George Gkiokas, Carlos Augusto Gomes, Ewen A. Griffiths, Timothy C. Hardcastle, Andreas Hecker, Torsten Herzog, Aleksandar Karamarkovic, Vladimir Khokha, Peter K. Kim, Jae Il Kim, Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, Victor Kong, Renol M. Koshy, Kenji Inaba, Arda Isik, Rao Ivatury, Francesco M. Labricciosa, Yeong Yeh Lee, Ari Leppäniemi, Andrey Litvin, Davide Luppi, Ronald V. Maier, Athanasios Marinis, Sanjay Marwah, Cristian Mesina, Ernest E. Moore, Frederick A. Moore, Ionut Negoi, Iyiade Olaoye, Carlos A. Ordoñez, Mouaqit Ouadii, Andrew B. Peitzman, Gennaro Perrone, Tadeja Pintar, Giuseppe Pipitone, Mauro Podda, Kemal Raşa, Julival Ribeiro, Gabriel Rodrigues, Ines Rubio-Perez, Ibrahima Sall, Norio Sato, Robert G. Sawyer, Vishal G. Shelat, Michael Sugrue, Antonio Tarasconi, Matti Tolonen, Bruno Viaggi, Andrea Celotti, Claudio Casella, Leonardo Pagani, Sameer Dhingra, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Fausto Catena, Sartelli, M, Coccolini, F, Kluger, Y, Agastra, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Abbas, A, Ansaloni, L, Adesunkanmi, A, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Baraket, O, Biffl, W, Ceresoli, M, Cerutti, E, Chiara, O, Cicuttin, E, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Corsi, D, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, De'Angelis, N, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, de Jonge, S, Di Bella, S, Di Saverio, S, Duane, T, Fugazzola, P, Galante, J, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Griffiths, E, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Herzog, T, Karamarkovic, A, Khokha, V, Kim, P, Kim, J, Kirkpatrick, A, Kong, V, Koshy, R, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Ivatury, R, Labricciosa, F, Lee, Y, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Luppi, D, Maier, R, Marinis, A, Marwah, S, Mesina, C, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ouadii, M, Peitzman, A, Perrone, G, Pintar, T, Pipitone, G, Podda, M, Rasa, K, Ribeiro, J, Rodrigues, G, Rubio-Perez, I, Sall, I, Sato, N, Sawyer, R, Shelat, V, Sugrue, M, Tarasconi, A, Tolonen, M, Viaggi, B, Celotti, A, Casella, C, Pagani, L, Dhingra, S, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, Sartelli, Massimo, Coccolini, Federico, Kluger, Yoram, Agastra, Ervi, Abu-Zidan, Fikri M, Abbas, Ashraf El Sayed, Ansaloni, Luca, Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Baraket, Oussama, Biffl, Walter L, Ceresoli, Marco, Cerutti, Elisabetta, Chiara, Osvaldo, Cicuttin, Enrico, Chiarugi, Massimo, Coimbra, Raul, Corsi, Daniela, Cortese, Francesco, Cui, Yunfeng, Damaskos, Dimitri, De'Angelis, Nicola, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, de Jonge, Stijn W, Di Bella, Stefano, Di Saverio, Salomone, Duane, Therese M, Fugazzola, Paola, Galante, Joseph M, Ghnnam, Wagih, Gkiokas, George, Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Griffiths, Ewen A, Hardcastle, Timothy C, Hecker, Andrea, Herzog, Torsten, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, Khokha, Vladimir, Kim, Peter K, Kim, Jae Il, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W, Kong, Victor, Koshy, Renol M, Inaba, Kenji, Isik, Arda, Ivatury, Rao, Labricciosa, Francesco M, Lee, Yeong Yeh, Leppäniemi, Ari, Litvin, Andrey, Luppi, Davide, Maier, Ronald V, Marinis, Athanasio, Marwah, Sanjay, Mesina, Cristian, Moore, Ernest E, Moore, Frederick A, Negoi, Ionut, Olaoye, Iyiade, Ordoñez, Carlos A, Ouadii, Mouaqit, Peitzman, Andrew B, Perrone, Gennaro, Pintar, Tadeja, Pipitone, Giuseppe, Podda, Mauro, Raşa, Kemal, Ribeiro, Julival, Rodrigues, Gabriel, Rubio-Perez, Ine, Sall, Ibrahima, Sato, Norio, Sawyer, Robert G, Shelat, Vishal G, Sugrue, Michael, Tarasconi, Antonio, Tolonen, Matti, Viaggi, Bruno, Celotti, Andrea, Casella, Claudio, Pagani, Leonardo, Dhingra, Sameer, Baiocchi, Gian Luca, Catena, Fausto, HUS Abdominal Center, II kirurgian klinikka, and University of Helsinki
Subjects: MESH, FOURNIERS GANGRENE, RD1-811, Soft Tissue Infections / surgery, Necrotizing infections, Necrotizing soft-tissue infections, Skin and soft-tissue infections, Critical Pathways, Humans, United States, Soft Tissue Infections, Review, DIAGNOSIS, NECROTIZING FASCIITIS, Skin and soft-tissue infection, MANAGEMENT, INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN, RISK, HERNIA REPAIR, RC86-88.9, RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Necrotizing infection, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, ENDOSONOGRAPHY, Necrotizing soft-tissue infection, Emergency Medicine, Surgery
Abstract: Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) encompass a variety of pathological conditions that involve the skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue, fascia, or muscle, ranging from simple superficial infections to severe necrotizing infections.Together, the World Society of Emergency Surgery, the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery, the Surgical Infection Society-Europe, The World Surgical Infection Society, and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma have jointly completed an international multi-society document to promote global standards of care in SSTIs guiding clinicians by describing reasonable approaches to the management of SSTIs.An extensive non-systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases, limited to the English language. The resulting evidence was shared by an international task force with different clinical backgrounds.
Published: 2022

33. The LIFE TRIAD of emergency general surgery

Author: Federico Coccolini, Massimo Sartelli, Yoram Kluger, Aleksei Osipov, Yunfeng Cui, Solomon Gurmu Beka, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Ibrahima Sall, Ernest E. Moore, Walter L. Biffl, Andrey Litvin, Michele Pisano, Stefano Magnone, Edoardo Picetti, Nicola de Angelis, Philip Stahel, Luca Ansaloni, Edward Tan, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Marco Ceresoli, Andreas Hecker, Osvaldo Chiara, Gabriele Sganga, Vladimir Khokha, Salomone di Saverio, Boris Sakakushev, Giampiero Campanelli, Gustavo Fraga, Imtiaz Wani, Richard ten Broek, Enrico Cicuttin, Camilla Cremonini, Dario Tartaglia, Kjetil Soreide, Joseph Galante, Marc de Moya, Kaoru Koike, Belinda De Simone, Zsolt Balogh, Francesco Amico, Vishal Shelat, Emmanouil Pikoulis, Isidoro Di Carlo, Luigi Bonavina, Ari Leppaniemi, Ingo Marzi, Rao Ivatury, Jim Khan, Ronald V. Maier, Timothy C. Hardcastle, Arda Isik, Mauro Podda, Matti Tolonen, Kemal Rasa, Pradeep H. Navsaria, Zaza Demetrashvili, Antonio Tarasconi, Paolo Carcoforo, Maria Grazia Sibilla, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Nikolaos Pararas, Dieter Weber, Massimo Chiarugi, Fausto Catena, Coccolini, F, Sartelli, M, Kluger, Y, Osipov, A, Cui, Y, Beka, S, Kirkpatrick, A, Sall, I, Moore, E, Biffl, W, Litvin, A, Pisano, M, Magnone, S, Picetti, E, de Angelis, N, Stahel, P, Ansaloni, L, Tan, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Ceresoli, M, Hecker, A, Chiara, O, Sganga, G, Khokha, V, di Saverio, S, Sakakushev, B, Campanelli, G, Fraga, G, Wani, I, Broek, R, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Tartaglia, D, Soreide, K, Galante, J, de Moya, M, Koike, K, De Simone, B, Balogh, Z, Amico, F, Shelat, V, Pikoulis, E, Di Carlo, I, Bonavina, L, Leppaniemi, A, Marzi, I, Ivatury, R, Khan, J, Maier, R, Hardcastle, T, Isik, A, Podda, M, Tolonen, M, Rasa, K, Navsaria, P, Demetrashvili, Z, Tarasconi, A, Carcoforo, P, Sibilla, M, Baiocchi, G, Pararas, N, Weber, D, Chiarugi, M, Catena, F, HUS Abdominal Center, II kirurgian klinikka, Department of Medicine, and Faculty of Health Sciences
Subjects: Surgeons, Data, Effectivene, Formation, Effectiveness, Outcomes, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, Hospitals, Emergency General Surgery, Planning, Emergency Medicine, Humans, Learning, Surgery, Registries, Outcome
Abstract: Emergency General Surgery (EGS) was identified as multidisciplinary surgery performed for traumatic and non-traumatic acute conditions during the same admission in the hospital by general emergency surgeons and other specialists. It is the most diffused surgical discipline in the world. To live and grow strong EGS necessitates three fundamental parts: emergency and elective continuous surgical practice, evidence generation through clinical registries and data accrual, and indications and guidelines production: the LIFE TRIAD.
Published: 2022

34. WSES/GAIS/SIS-E/WSIS/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with intra-abdominal infections

Author: Cristian Mesina, Oussama Baraket, Arda Isik, Iyiade Olaoye, Tadeja Pintar, Wagih Ghnnam, Andreas Hecker, Ionut Negoi, Andrey Litvin, A R K Adesunkanmi, Julival Ribeiro, Stijn W. de Jonge, Norio Sato, Carlos Augusto Gomes, Manos Pikoulis, Federico Coccolini, Yeong Yeh Lee, Frederick A. Moore, Gustavo M. Machain, Francesco Cortese, Elif Colak, Luca Ansaloni, Daniela Corsi, Enrico Cicuttin, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Fausto Catena, Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, Raul Coimbra, I. A. Kryvoruchko, Chiara Gurioli, Paola Fugazzola, Gabriele Sganga, András Vereczkei, Sanjay Marwah, Kenji Inaba, Agron Dogjani, Antonio Tarasconi, Elisabetta Cerutti, Rao R. Ivatury, Ibrahima Sall, Michael Sugrue, Francesco M. Labricciosa, Marco Ceresoli, Renol M. Koshy, Jae Il Kim, Goran Augustin, Mauro Podda, Therese M. Duane, Katia Iskandar, Osvaldo Chiara, Dimitris Damaskos, Timothy Craig Hardcastle, Yunfeng Cui, Vishal G Shelat, Joel Noutakdie Tochie, Andrew B. Peitzman, Sameer Dhingra, Miklosh Bala, Ashraf Abbas, Samir Delibegovic, Leonardo Pagani, George Gkiokas, Claudio Casella, Mahir Gachabayov, Gabriel Rodrigues, Stefano Di Bella, Vladimir Khokha, Kemal Rasa, Nicola de’ Angelis, Ernest E. Moore, Robert G. Sawyer, Ronald V. Maier, Yoram Kluger, Ines Rubio-Perez, Victor Y. Kong, Gennaro Perrone, Francesco Di Marzo, Jan Ulrych, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Matti Tolonen, Athanasios Marinis, Cristina Marmorale, G. Tomadze, Peter K. Kim, Belinda De Simone, Aleksandar Karamarkovic, Ian Stephens, Mouaqit Ouadii, Massimo Sartelli, Davide Luppi, Boyko Atanasov, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Ervis Agastra, Syed Mohammad Umar Kabir, Massimo Chiarugi, Carlos A. Ordoñez, Giuseppe Pipitone, Bruno Viaggi, Joseph M. Galante, Suman Baral, Ewen A. Griffiths, Mushira Enani, Marja A. Boermeester, Zaza Demetrashvili, Ari Leppäniemi, Torsten Herzog, Walter L. Biffl, Salomone Di Saverio, Sartelli, Massimo, Coccolini, Federico, Kluger, Yoram, Agastra, Ervi, Abu-Zidan, Fikri M, Abbas, Ashraf El Sayed, Ansaloni, Luca, Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, Atanasov, Boyko, Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Baraket, Oussama, Baral, Suman, Biffl, Walter L, Boermeester, Marja A, Ceresoli, Marco, Cerutti, Elisabetta, Chiara, Osvaldo, Cicuttin, Enrico, Chiarugi, Massimo, Coimbra, Raul, Colak, Elif, Corsi, Daniela, Cortese, Francesco, Cui, Yunfeng, Damaskos, Dimitri, De' Angelis, Nicola, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, de Jonge, Stijn W, Dhingra, Sameer, Di Bella, Stefano, Di Marzo, Francesco, Di Saverio, Salomone, Dogjani, Agron, Duane, Therese M, Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz, Fugazzola, Paola, Galante, Joseph M, Gachabayov, Mahir, Ghnnam, Wagih, Gkiokas, George, Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Griffiths, Ewen A, Hardcastle, Timothy C, Hecker, Andrea, Herzog, Torsten, Kabir, Syed Mohammad Umar, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, Khokha, Vladimir, Kim, Peter K, Kim, Jae Il, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W, Kong, Victor, Koshy, Renol M, Kryvoruchko, Igor A, Inaba, Kenji, Isik, Arda, Iskandar, Katia, Ivatury, Rao, Labricciosa, Francesco M, Lee, Yeong Yeh, Leppäniemi, Ari, Litvin, Andrey, Luppi, Davide, Machain, Gustavo M, Maier, Ronald V, Marinis, Athanasio, Marmorale, Cristina, Marwah, Sanjay, Mesina, Cristian, Moore, Ernest E, Moore, Frederick A, Negoi, Ionut, Olaoye, Iyiade, Ordoñez, Carlos A, Ouadii, Mouaqit, Peitzman, Andrew B, Perrone, Gennaro, Pikoulis, Mano, Pintar, Tadeja, Pipitone, Giuseppe, Podda, Mauro, Raşa, Kemal, Ribeiro, Julival, Rodrigues, Gabriel, Rubio-Perez, Ine, Sall, Ibrahima, Sato, Norio, Sawyer, Robert G, Segovia Lohse, Helmut, Sganga, Gabriele, Shelat, Vishal G, Stephens, Ian, Sugrue, Michael, Tarasconi, Antonio, Tochie, Joel Noutakdie, Tolonen, Matti, Tomadze, Gia, Ulrych, Jan, Vereczkei, Andra, Viaggi, Bruno, Gurioli, Chiara, Casella, Claudio, Pagani, Leonardo, Baiocchi, Gian Luca, Catena, Fausto, Sartelli, M, Coccolini, F, Kluger, Y, Agastra, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Abbas, A, Ansaloni, L, Adesunkanmi, A, Atanasov, B, Augustin, G, Bala, M, Baraket, O, Baral, S, Biffl, W, Boermeester, M, Ceresoli, M, Cerutti, E, Chiara, O, Cicuttin, E, Chiarugi, M, Coimbra, R, Colak, E, Corsi, D, Cortese, F, Cui, Y, Damaskos, D, de' Angelis, N, Delibegovic, S, Demetrashvili, Z, De Simone, B, de Jonge, S, Dhingra, S, Di Bella, S, Di Marzo, F, Di Saverio, S, Dogjani, A, Duane, T, Enani, M, Fugazzola, P, Galante, J, Gachabayov, M, Ghnnam, W, Gkiokas, G, Gomes, C, Griffiths, E, Hardcastle, T, Hecker, A, Herzog, T, Kabir, S, Karamarkovic, A, Khokha, V, Kim, P, Kim, J, Kirkpatrick, A, Kong, V, Koshy, R, Kryvoruchko, I, Inaba, K, Isik, A, Iskandar, K, Ivatury, R, Labricciosa, F, Lee, Y, Leppaniemi, A, Litvin, A, Luppi, D, Machain, G, Maier, R, Marinis, A, Marmorale, C, Marwah, S, Mesina, C, Moore, E, Moore, F, Negoi, I, Olaoye, I, Ordonez, C, Ouadii, M, Peitzman, A, Perrone, G, Pikoulis, M, Pintar, T, Pipitone, G, Podda, M, Rasa, K, Ribeiro, J, Rodrigues, G, Rubio-Perez, I, Sall, I, Sato, N, Sawyer, R, Segovia Lohse, H, Sganga, G, Shelat, V, Stephens, I, Sugrue, M, Tarasconi, A, Tochie, J, Tolonen, M, Tomadze, G, Ulrych, J, Vereczkei, A, Viaggi, B, Gurioli, C, Casella, C, Pagani, L, Baiocchi, G, Catena, F, HUS Abdominal Center, II kirurgian klinikka, and University of Helsinki
Subjects: Review, DAMAGE CONTROL LAPAROTOMY, Intra-abdominal infections, Peritonitis, Sepsis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Critical Pathways, Humans, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Infective Agents, Intraabdominal Infections, 0302 clinical medicine, PERFORATED DIVERTICULITIS, Medicine, LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY, Surgical approach, Iais, biology, Peritoniti, Anti-Infective Agents / therapeutic use, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, 3. Good health, SURGICAL-TREATMENT, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, embryonic structures, Emergency Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE, medicine.medical_specialty, RD1-811, Sepsi, MEDLINE, ANTIBIOTIC-THERAPY, 03 medical and health sciences, Intra-abdominal infection, Emergency surgery, Effective treatment, COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY, Intensive care medicine, Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use, Task force, business.industry, RC86-88.9, Abdominal Infection, SEPTIC SHOCK, Intraabdominal Infections / surgery, 3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology, biology.organism_classification, Review article, PRIMARY RESECTION, ACUTE COLONIC DIVERTICULITIS, Surgery, business, Intraabdominal Infections / drug therapy
Abstract: Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are common surgical emergencies and have been reported as major contributors to non-trauma deaths in hospitals worldwide. The cornerstones of effective treatment of IAIs include early recognition, adequate source control, appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and prompt physiologic stabilization using a critical care environment, combined with an optimal surgical approach. Together, the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery (GAIS), the Surgical Infection Society-Europe (SIS-E), the World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) have jointly completed an international multi-society document in order to facilitate clinical management of patients with IAIs worldwide building evidence-based clinical pathways for the most common IAIs. An extensive non-systematic review was conducted using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases, limited to the English language. The resulting information was shared by an international task force from 46 countries with different clinical backgrounds. The aim of the document is to promote global standards of care in IAIs providing guidance to clinicians by describing reasonable approaches to the management of IAIs.
Published: 2021

35. Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST, and GAIS guidelines

Author: Federico Coccolini, Enrico Cicuttin, E Pikoulis, Belinda De Simone, Ugo Boggi, Antonio Tarasconi, Luigi Bonavina, Bruno Viaggi, Camilla Cremonini, Robert G. Sawyer, Gennaro Perrone, Jean Louis Vincent, Ines Rubio, Paola Fugazzola, Itani Kamal, Arda Isik, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Massimo Sartelli, Philippe Montravers, Timothy Craig Hardcastle, Vishal G Shelat, Francesco Corradi, Ramiro Manzano Nunez, Goran Augustin, Ernest E. Moore, Richard P. G. ten Broek, Andrew B. Peitzman, Matti Tolonen, Marco Ceresoli, Fausto Catena, Stefano Gitto, Raul Coimbra, Sameer Dhingra, Miklosh Bala, Yoram Kluger, Manu L N G Malbrain, Andreas Hecker, Boris Sakakushev, Francesco Di Marzo, Dario Tartaglia, Salomone Di Saverio, Edward C.T.H. Tan, Imitiaz Wani, Carlos Augusto Gomes, Therese M. Duane, Francesco Forfori, Mauro Podda, Zaza Demetrashvili, Nicola de’Angelis, Mario Improta, Francesco M. Labricciosa, Yunfeng Cui, Kemal Rasa, Andrey Litvin, Luca Ansaloni, Mircea Chirica, Ari Leppäniemi, Michael Sugrue, Walter L. Biffl, Oreste Romeo, Marja A. Boermeester, Massimo Chiarugi, Carlos A. Ordoñez, Anastasia Pikoulis, Coccolini, F, Improta, M, Sartelli, M, Rasa, K, Sawyer, R, Coimbra, R, Chiarugi, M, Litvin, A, Hardcastle, T, Forfori, F, Vincent, J, Hecker, A, Ten Broek, R, Bonavina, L, Chirica, M, Boggi, U, Pikoulis, E, Di Saverio, S, Montravers, P, Augustin, G, Tartaglia, D, Cicuttin, E, Cremonini, C, Viaggi, B, De Simone, B, Malbrain, M, Shelat, V, Fugazzola, P, Ansaloni, L, Isik, A, Rubio, I, Kamal, I, Corradi, F, Tarasconi, A, Gitto, S, Podda, M, Pikoulis, A, Leppaniemi, A, Ceresoli, M, Romeo, O, Moore, E, Demetrashvili, Z, Biffl, W, Wani, I, Tolonen, M, Duane, T, Dhingra, S, Deangelis, N, Tan, E, Abu-Zidan, F, Ordonez, C, Cui, Y, Labricciosa, F, Perrone, G, Di Marzo, F, Peitzman, A, Sakakushev, B, Sugrue, M, Boermeester, M, Nunez, R, Gomes, C, Bala, M, Kluger, Y, and Catena, F
Subjects: Oncologic, Lymphoma, Cytomegalovirus, Review, Postoperative Complications, Cholecystitis, Medicine, Cholecystiti, Anesthesia, Appendiciti, Perioperative, Diverticuliti, Cancer, Abdomen, Acute, education.field_of_study, Leukemia, Perforation, Peritoniti, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Diverticulitis, Transplanted, Acute abdomen, Emergency Medicine, medicine.symptom, Emergency Service, Hospital, Infection, Immunocompetence, medicine.medical_specialty, RD1-811, Appendicitis, Hematologic, Immunocompromise, Immunosuppression, Infections, Intra-abdominal, Peritonitis, Tuberculosis, Tuberculosi, Perforation (oil well), Population, Immunocompromised Host, Humans, education, RC86-88.9, business.industry, General surgery, Cytomegaloviru, Pseudomembranous colitis, Emergency department, medicine.disease, Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 10], Surgery, business
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 245653.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Immunocompromised patients are a heterogeneous and diffuse category frequently presenting to the emergency department with acute surgical diseases. Diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients are often complex and must be multidisciplinary. Misdiagnosis of an acute surgical disease may be followed by increased morbidity and mortality. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease occur; these patients may seek medical assistance late because their symptoms are often ambiguous. Also, they develop unique surgical problems that do not affect the general population. Management of this population must be multidisciplinary.This paper presents the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Surgical Infection Society Europe (SIS-E), World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), and Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery (GAIS) joined guidelines about the management of acute abdomen in immunocompromised patients.
Published: 2021

36. Response to "Restoring lost soil carbon, reply to Soinne et al." by Mattila and Liski.

Author: Soinne H, Hyyrynen M, Jokubė M, Keskinen R, Hyväluoma J, Pihlainen S, Hyytiäinen K, Miettinen A, Rasa K, Lemola R, Virtanen E, Heinonsalo J, and Heikkinen J
Abstract: Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Published: 2024
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37. Congenital partial diaphragmatic eventration presenting with Chilaiditi's sign: a case report.

Author: Güvenç BH and Rasa K
Subjects: Humans, Male, Infant, Diagnostic Errors, Incidental Findings, Laparoscopy, Diaphragm diagnostic imaging, Diaphragm abnormalities, Diagnosis, Differential, Diaphragmatic Eventration diagnostic imaging, Chilaiditi Syndrome diagnostic imaging, Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract: Background: Chilaiditi's sign is an incidental radiographic finding, associated with intestinal disposition located between liver and right diaphragm. It is considered as an acquired rather than a congenital condition and the prevalence ranges from 1.18% to 2.4% according to recent adult retrospective studies. The aspects of this rare entity with regards to a 7-month-old male initially misdiagnosed as diaphragmatic hernia is discussed., Case Presentation: A 4-month-old Caucasian male was misdiagnosed with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia owing to previous hospitalization with complaints of respiratory tract infection. On admission 3 months later, he was free of any signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction or respiratory distress. Thorax computed tomography revealed Chilaiditi's sign. A diagnostic laparoscopy was regarded necessary to evaluate the anatomical details. The most prominent finding was the lack of muscle fibers and almost transparent appearance of the medial aspect of the partially eventrated right hemidiaphragm. Owing to delicate anatomical presentation, diaphragmatic plication was considered hazardous. The patient is doing well and under follow-up., Conclusions: It is obvious that Chilaiditi's sign is not always a completely incidental finding of no consequence, and may indicate an underlying congenital diaphragmatic pathology, clearly defined by laparoscopic evaluation in this case., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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38. The Surgical Infection Society Guidelines on the Management of Intra-Abdominal Infection: 2024 Update.

Author: Huston JM, Barie PS, Dellinger EP, Forrester JD, Duane TM, Tessier JM, Sawyer RG, Cainzos MA, Rasa K, Chipman JG, Kao LS, Pieracci FM, Colling KP, Heffernan DS, and Lester J
Subjects: Humans, Surgical Wound Infection prevention & control, Surgical Wound Infection therapy, Surgical Wound Infection drug therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Intraabdominal Infections drug therapy, Intraabdominal Infections therapy
Abstract: Background: The Surgical Infection Society (SIS) published evidence-based guidelines for the management of intra-abdominal infection (IAI) in 1992, 2002, 2010, and 2017. Here, we present the most recent guideline update based on a systematic review of current literature. Methods: The writing group, including current and former members of the SIS Therapeutics and Guidelines Committee and other individuals with content or guideline expertise within the SIS, working with a professional librarian, performed a systematic review using PubMed/Medline, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from 2016 until February 2024. Keyword descriptors combined "surgical site infections" or "intra-abdominal infections" in adults limited to randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Additional relevant publications not in the initial search but identified during literature review were included. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) system was utilized to evaluate the evidence. The strength of each recommendation was rated strong (1) or weak (2). The quality of the evidence was rated high (A), moderate (B), or weak (C). The guideline contains new recommendations and updates to recommendations from previous IAI guideline versions. Final recommendations were developed by an iterative process. All writing group members voted to accept or reject each recommendation. Results: This updated evidence-based guideline contains recommendations from the SIS for the treatment of adult patients with IAI. Evidence-based recommendations were developed for antimicrobial agent selection, timing, route of administration, duration, and de-escalation; timing of source control; treatment of specific pathogens; treatment of specific intra-abdominal disease processes; and implementation of hospital-based antimicrobial agent stewardship programs. Summary: This document contains the most up-to-date recommendations from the SIS on the prevention and management of IAI in adult patients.
Published: 2024
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39. Effect of manure co-digestion on methane production, carbon retention, and fertilizer value of digestate.

Author: Tampio E, Laaksonen I, Rimhanen K, Honkala N, Laakso J, Soinne H, and Rasa K
Subjects: Anaerobiosis, Animals, Cattle, Soil chemistry, Triticum, Manure, Methane analysis, Fertilizers analysis, Carbon analysis
Abstract: Anaerobic digestion can provide benefits not only from the perspective of renewable energy production but also in the form of fertilization effect and increased retention of C in soils after digestate application. This study consisted of two phases, where the first phase assessed the suitability of carbon-rich co-feedstocks for methane production via laboratory testing. The second phase assessed the balance and stability of C before and after anaerobic digestion by systematic digestate characterization, and by evaluating its carbon retention potential using a modeling approach. The results indicated that pyrolysis chars had a negligible effect on the methane production potential of cattle manure, while wheat straw expectedly increased methane production. Thus, a mixture of cattle manure and wheat straw was digested in pilot-scale leach-bed reactors and compared with undigested manure and straw. Although the total amount of C in the digestate was lower than in the untreated feedstocks, the digestion process stabilized C and was modeled to be more effective in retaining C in the soil than untreated cattle manure and wheat straw. In addition, digestion converted 23-27 % of the C into valuable methane, increasing the valorization of the total C in the feedstock. Considering anaerobic digestion processes as a strategy to optimize both carbon and nutrient valorization provides a more holistic approach to addressing climate change and improving soil health., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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40. Antibiotic prophylaxis in trauma: Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery, Surgical Infection Society Europe, World Surgical Infection Society, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, and World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines.

Author: Coccolini F, Sartelli M, Sawyer R, Rasa K, Ceresoli M, Viaggi B, Catena F, Damaskos D, Cicuttin E, Cremonini C, Moore EE, Biffl WL, and Coimbra R
Subjects: Humans, United States, Europe, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Surgical Wound Infection prevention & control
Abstract: Abstract: Trauma is a complex disease, and the use of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) in trauma patients is common practice. However, considering the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance, AP use should be questioned and limited only to specific cases. Antibiotic stewardship is of paramount importance in fighting resistance spread. Definitive rules or precise indications about AP in trauma remain unclear. The present article describes the indications of AP in traumatic lesions to the head, brain, torso, maxillofacial, extremities, skin, and soft tissues endorsed by the Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery, Surgical Infection Society Europe, World Surgical Infection Society, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, and World Society of Emergency Surgery., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma.)
Published: 2024
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41. The Operating Room management for emergency Surgical Activity (ORSA) study: a WSES international survey.

Author: De Simone B, Agnoletti V, Abu-Zidan FM, Biffl WL, Moore EE, Chouillard E, Coccolini F, Sartelli M, Podda M, Di Saverio S, Kaafarani H, Balogh ZJ, Bala M, Leppäniemi AK, Kirkpatrick AW, Pikoulis E, Rasa K, Rosato C, Sawyer R, Ansaloni L, de'Angelis N, Damaskos D, Stahel PF, Kluger Y, Coimbra R, and Catena F
Subjects: Humans, Elective Surgical Procedures, Hospitals, Surveys and Questionnaires, Operating Rooms, Surgeons
Abstract: Background: Despite advances and improvements in the management of surgical patients, emergency and trauma surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This may be due in part to delays in definitive surgical management in the operating room (OR). There is a lack of studies focused on OR prioritization and resource allocation in emergency surgery. The Operating Room management for emergency Surgical Activity (ORSA) study was conceived to assess the management of operating theatres and resources from a global perspective among expert international acute care surgeons., Method: The ORSA study was conceived as an international web survey. The questionnaire was composed of 23 multiple-choice and open questions. Data were collected over 3 months. Participation in the survey was voluntary and anonymous., Results: One hundred forty-seven emergency and acute care surgeons answered the questionnaire; the response rate was 58.8%. The majority of the participants come from Europe. One hundred nineteen surgeons (81%; 119/147) declared to have at least one emergency OR in their hospital; for the other 20/147 surgeons (13.6%), there is not a dedicated emergency operating room. Forty-six (68/147)% of the surgeons use the elective OR to perform emergency procedures during the day. The planning of an emergency surgical procedure is done by phone by 70% (104/147) of the surgeons., Conclusions: There is no dedicated emergency OR in the majority of hospitals internationally. Elective surgical procedures are usually postponed or even cancelled to perform emergency surgery. It is a priority to validate an effective universal triaging and scheduling system to allocate emergency surgical procedures. The new Timing in Acute Care Surgery (TACS) was recently proposed and validated by a Delphi consensus as a clear and reproducible triage tool to timely perform an emergency surgical procedure according to the clinical severity of the surgical disease. The new TACS needs to be prospectively validated in clinical practice. Logistics have to be assessed using a multi-disciplinary approach to improve patients' safety, optimise the use of resources, and decrease costs., (© 2024. Italian Society of Surgery (SIC).)
Published: 2024
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42. High organic carbon content constricts the potential for stable organic carbon accrual in mineral agricultural soils in Finland.

Author: Soinne H, Hyyrynen M, Jokubė M, Keskinen R, Hyväluoma J, Pihlainen S, Hyytiäinen K, Miettinen A, Rasa K, Lemola R, Virtanen E, Heinonsalo J, and Heikkinen J
Subjects: Finland, Clay, Agriculture, Minerals, Carbon Sequestration, Soil chemistry, Carbon analysis
Abstract: Sequestering carbon into agricultural soils is considered as a means of mitigating climate change. We used agronomic soil test results representing c. 95% of the farmed land area in Finland to estimate the potential of the uppermost 15 cm soil layer of mineral agricultural soils to sequester organic carbon (OC) and to contribute to the mitigation of climate change. The estimation of the maximum capacity of mineral matter to protect OC in stable mineral-associated form was based on the theory that clay and fine-sized (fines = clay + silt) particles have a limited capacity to protect OC. In addition, we used the clay/OC and fines/OC ratios to identify areas with a risk of erosion and reduced productivity, thus indicating priority areas potentially benefitting from the increased soil OC contents. We found that 32-40% of the mineral agricultural soils in Finland have the potential to further accumulate mineral-associated OC (MOC), while in the majority of soils, the current OC stock in the uppermost 15 cm exceeded the capacity of mineral matter to protect OC. The nationwide soil OC sequestration potential of the uppermost 15 cm in mineral agricultural soils ranged between 0.21 and 0.26 Tg, which corresponds to less than 2% of annual greenhouse gas emissions in Finland. The fields with the highest potential for SOC accrual were found in the southern and southwestern parts of the country, including some of the most intensively cultivated high-clay soils. Although the nationwide potential for additional OC sequestration was estimated to be relatively small, the current OC storage in Finnish arable mineral soils (0-15 cm) is large, 128 Tg. Farming practices enabling maximum OC input into the soil play an important role as a tool for mitigating the loss of carbon from high-OC soils in the changing climate. Furthermore, especially in high-clay areas with potential for MOC accrual, efforts to increase soil OC could help improve soil structural stability and therefore reduce erosion and the loss of nutrients to the aquatic environments., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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43. Methodological choices in size and density fractionation of soil carbon reserves - A case study on wood fiber sludge amended soils.

Author: Keskinen R, Nikama J, Kostensalo J, Räty M, Rasa K, and Soinne H
Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) is in the focus of research due to its central role in regulating climate and maintaining fertility and resilience of soils. Methodologically, shifting from whole soil C measurements to specific SOC fractions increases possibility to detect small changes in the vast SOC storage, and enhances estimation of SOC stability. However, SOC fractionation schemes are numerous and variable. In this study, deionized water and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) were compared in soil dispersion by separating soils into coarse (0.25-2 mm), medium (0.063-0.25 mm) and fine (<0.063 mm) size fractions. The first two fractions were further separated by density (1.8 g cm -3 ) to obtain free particulate organic C (POC) and mineral associated organic C (MOC). The approach was applied to a clay and a silt loam soil with and without wood fiber sludge amendment to follow the added C. Aggregate disruption was enhanced with SHMP in comparison to water, but the effect was small and the use of SHMP decreased recovery of SOC, wherefore water was preferred. In both soils, 5-10 % of SOC occurred as coarse POC, 1-3% as coarse MOC, 5 % as medium POC, 10 % as medium MOC, and 70-85 % as fine MOC. The added C resided in the POC fractions with an indication of minor accumulation to the fine MOC in the clay soil. Longer time frame with repeated C additions would be needed to increase the stable MOC storages though saturation of the MOC reserve may hinder accumulation in the silt loam low in fines., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)
Published: 2024
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44. Declaration on infection prevention and management in global surgery.

Author: Sartelli M, Coccolini F, Ansaloni L, Biffl WL, Blake DP, Boermeester MA, Coimbra R, Evans HL, Ferrada P, Gkiokas G, Jeschke MG, Hardcastle T, Hinson C, Labricciosa FM, Marwah S, Marttos AC, Quiodettis M, Rasa K, Ren J, Rubio-Perez I, Sawyer R, Shelat V, Upperman JS, and Catena F
Subjects: Humans, United States, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Surgeons
Abstract: Surgeons in their daily practice are at the forefront in preventing and managing infections. However, among surgeons, appropriate measures of infection prevention and management are often disregarded. The lack of awareness of infection and prevention measures has marginalized surgeons from this battle. Together, the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery (GAIS), the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), the Surgical Infection Society (SIS), the Surgical Infection Society-Europe (SIS-E), the World Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), and the Panamerican Trauma Society (PTS) have jointly completed an international declaration, highlighting the threat posed by antimicrobial resistance globally and the need for preventing and managing infections appropriately across the surgical pathway. The authors representing these surgical societies call all surgeons around the world to participate in this global cause by pledging support for this declaration for maintaining the effectiveness of current and future antibiotics., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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45. Industrial pilot scale slow pyrolysis reduces the content of organic contaminants in sewage sludge.

Author: Sarvi M, Kainulainen A, Malk V, Kaseva J, and Rasa K
Abstract: Pyrolysis has been gaining global interest as a viable option for reducing organic contaminant levels in waste materials such as sewage sludge (SS) for their subsequent use as a soil amendment. However, publicly available knowledge on the capacity of pyrolysis to reduce the levels in SSs is mostly based on laboratory or bench scale studies. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of industrial pilot scale slow pyrolysis at two temperatures and retention times (450 °C, 1 h and 500 °C, 1.5 h) on a wide range of organic and inorganic contaminants in SSs. Pyrolysis at 500 °C decreased the concentrations of the detected per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs, by 30-93 %), brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs; by 97-98 %) and most endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs, by 82-96 %) more efficiently than pyrolysis at 450 °C. Estrone and pharmaceuticals, with the exception of paracetamol, were removed to below quantification limits. Non-volatile inorganic contaminants concentrated to the chars (22-46 % increase). These results confirm that slow pyrolysis has the capacity to significantly reduce organic contaminant levels in SSs at an industrial scale, while content of inorganic contaminants depends mainly on the feedstock properties. Pyrolysis temperature of over 500 °C is advised to secure efficient removal of organic contaminants. However, it is anticipated that reactor design with good heat transfer and volatile removal could further improve the removal of organic contaminants from SSs. The results are especially valuable for sludge management operators planning to procure a pyrolysis plant., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2023
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46. Source control in emergency general surgery: WSES, GAIS, SIS-E, SIS-A guidelines.

Author: Coccolini F, Sartelli M, Sawyer R, Rasa K, Viaggi B, Abu-Zidan F, Soreide K, Hardcastle T, Gupta D, Bendinelli C, Ceresoli M, Shelat VG, Broek RT, Baiocchi GL, Moore EE, Sall I, Podda M, Bonavina L, Kryvoruchko IA, Stahel P, Inaba K, Montravers P, Sakakushev B, Sganga G, Ballestracci P, Malbrain MLNG, Vincent JL, Pikoulis M, Beka SG, Doklestic K, Chiarugi M, Falcone M, Bignami E, Reva V, Demetrashvili Z, Di Saverio S, Tolonen M, Navsaria P, Bala M, Balogh Z, Litvin A, Hecker A, Wani I, Fette A, De Simone B, Ivatury R, Picetti E, Khokha V, Tan E, Ball C, Tascini C, Cui Y, Coimbra R, Kelly M, Martino C, Agnoletti V, Boermeester MA, De'Angelis N, Chirica M, Biffl WL, Ansaloni L, Kluger Y, Catena F, and Kirkpatrick AW
Subjects: Female, Humans, Male, Surgeons, Abdominal Cavity, Intraabdominal Infections
Abstract: Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are among the most common global healthcare challenges and they are usually precipitated by disruption to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Their successful management typically requires intensive resource utilization, and despite the best therapies, morbidity and mortality remain high. One of the main issues required to appropriately treat IAI that differs from the other etiologies of sepsis is the frequent requirement to provide physical source control. Fortunately, dramatic advances have been made in this aspect of treatment. Historically, source control was left to surgeons only. With new technologies non-surgical less invasive interventional procedures have been introduced. Alternatively, in addition to formal surgery open abdomen techniques have long been proposed as aiding source control in severe intra-abdominal sepsis. It is ironic that while a lack or even delay regarding source control clearly associates with death, it is a concept that remains poorly described. For example, no conclusive definition of source control technique or even adequacy has been universally accepted. Practically, source control involves a complex definition encompassing several factors including the causative event, source of infection bacteria, local bacterial flora, patient condition, and his/her eventual comorbidities. With greater understanding of the systemic pathobiology of sepsis and the profound implications of the human microbiome, adequate source control is no longer only a surgical issue but one that requires a multidisciplinary, multimodality approach. Thus, while any breach in the GI tract must be controlled, source control should also attempt to control the generation and propagation of the systemic biomediators and dysbiotic influences on the microbiome that perpetuate multi-system organ failure and death. Given these increased complexities, the present paper represents the current opinions and recommendations for future research of the World Society of Emergency Surgery, of the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery of Surgical Infection Society Europe and Surgical Infection Society America regarding the concepts and operational adequacy of source control in intra-abdominal infections., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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47. Six Long-Standing Questions about Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Surgery.

Author: Sartelli M, Boermeester MA, Cainzos M, Coccolini F, de Jonge SW, Rasa K, Dellinger EP, McNamara DA, Fry DE, Cui Y, Delibegovic S, Demetrashvili Z, De Simone B, Gkiokas G, Hardcastle TC, Itani KMF, Isik A, Labricciosa FM, Lohsiriwat V, Marwah S, Pintar T, Rickard J, Shelat VG, Catena F, and Barie PS
Abstract: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common adverse event occurring in surgical patients. Optimal prevention of SSIs requires the bundled integration of a variety of measures before, during, and after surgery. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is an effective measure for preventing SSIs. It aims to counteract the inevitable introduction of bacteria that colonize skin or mucosa into the surgical site during the intervention. This document aims to guide surgeons in appropriate administration of SAP by addressing six key questions. The expert panel identifies a list of principles in response to these questions that every surgeon around the world should always respect in administering SAP.
Published: 2023
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48. The unrestricted global effort to complete the COOL trial.

Author: Kirkpatrick AW, Coccolini F, Tolonen M, Minor S, Catena F, Gois E Jr, Doig CJ, Hill MD, Ansaloni L, Chiarugi M, Tartaglia D, Ioannidis O, Sugrue M, Colak E, Hameed SM, Lampela H, Agnoletti V, McKee JL, Garraway N, Sartelli M, Ball CG, Parry NG, Voght K, Julien L, Kroeker J, Roberts DJ, Faris P, Tiruta C, Moore EE, Ammons LA, Anestiadou E, Bendinelli C, Bouliaris K, Carroll R, Ceresoli M, Favi F, Gurrado A, Rezende-Neto J, Isik A, Cremonini C, Strambi S, Koukoulis G, Testini M, Trpcic S, Pasculli A, Picariello E, Abu-Zidan F, Adeyeye A, Augustin G, Alconchel F, Altinel Y, Hernandez Amin LA, Aranda-Narváez JM, Baraket O, Biffl WL, Baiocchi GL, Bonavina L, Brisinda G, Cardinali L, Celotti A, Chaouch M, Chiarello M, Costa G, de'Angelis N, De Manzini N, Delibegovic S, Di Saverio S, De Simone B, Dubuisson V, Fransvea P, Garulli G, Giordano A, Gomes C, Hayati F, Huang J, Ibrahim AF, Huei TJ, Jailani RF, Khan M, Luna AP, Malbrain MLNG, Marwah S, McBeth P, Mihailescu A, Morello A, Mulita F, Murzi V, Mohammad AT, Parmar S, Pak A, Wong MP, Pantalone D, Podda M, Puccioni C, Rasa K, Ren J, Roscio F, Gonzalez-Sanchez A, Sganga G, Scheiterle M, Slavchev M, Smirnov D, Tosi L, Trivedi A, Vega JAG, Waledziak M, Xenaki S, Winter D, Wu X, Zakaria AD, and Zakaria Z
Subjects: Humans, Inflammation, Multiple Organ Failure etiology, Prospective Studies, United States, Abdomen, Laparotomy adverse effects
Abstract: Background: Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has an increasing incidence with mortality rates over 80% in some settings. Mortality typically results from disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, progressive and self-perpetuating bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. A further therapeutic option may be open abdomen (OA) management with negative peritoneal pressure therapy (NPPT) to remove inflammatory ascites and attenuate the systemic damage from SCIAS, although there are definite risks of leaving the abdomen open whenever it might possibly be closed. This potential therapeutic paradigm is the rationale being assessed in the Closed Or Open after Laparotomy (COOL trial) ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03163095 ). Initially, the COOL trial received Industry sponsorship; however, this funding mandated the use of a specific trademarked and expensive NPPT device in half of the patients allocated to the intervention (open) arm. In August 2022, the 3 M/Acelity Corporation without consultation but within the terms of the contract canceled the financial support of the trial. Although creating financial difficulty, there is now no restriction on specific NPPT devices and removing a cost-prohibitive intervention creates an opportunity to expand the COOL trial to a truly global basis. This document describes the evolution of the COOL trial, with a focus on future opportunities for global growth of the study., Methods: The COOL trial is the largest prospective randomized controlled trial examining the random allocation of SCIAS patients intra-operatively to either formal closure of the fascia or the use of the OA with an application of an NPPT dressing. Patients are eligible if they have free uncontained intraperitoneal contamination and physiologic derangements exemplified by septic shock OR severely adverse predicted clinical outcomes. The primary outcome is intended to definitively inform global practice by conclusively evaluating 90-day survival. Initial recruitment has been lower than hoped but satisfactory, and the COOL steering committee and trial investigators intend with increased global support to continue enrollment until recruitment ensures a definitive answer., Discussion: OA is mandated in many cases of SCIAS such as the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome associated with closure, or a planned second look as for example part of "damage control"; however, improved source control (locally and systemically) is the most uncertain indication for an OA. The COOL trial seeks to expand potential sites and proceed with the evaluation of NPPT agnostic to device, to properly examine the hypothesis that this treatment attenuates systemic damage and improves survival. This approach will not affect internal validity and should improve the external validity of any observed results of the intervention., Trial Registration: National Institutes of Health ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03163095 )., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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49. The LIFE TRIAD of emergency general surgery.

Author: Coccolini F, Sartelli M, Kluger Y, Osipov A, Cui Y, Beka SG, Kirkpatrick A, Sall I, Moore EE, Biffl WL, Litvin A, Pisano M, Magnone S, Picetti E, de Angelis N, Stahel P, Ansaloni L, Tan E, Abu-Zidan F, Ceresoli M, Hecker A, Chiara O, Sganga G, Khokha V, di Saverio S, Sakakushev B, Campanelli G, Fraga G, Wani I, Broek RT, Cicuttin E, Cremonini C, Tartaglia D, Soreide K, Galante J, de Moya M, Koike K, De Simone B, Balogh Z, Amico F, Shelat V, Pikoulis E, Di Carlo I, Bonavina L, Leppaniemi A, Marzi I, Ivatury R, Khan J, Maier RV, Hardcastle TC, Isik A, Podda M, Tolonen M, Rasa K, Navsaria PH, Demetrashvili Z, Tarasconi A, Carcoforo P, Sibilla MG, Baiocchi GL, Pararas N, Weber D, Chiarugi M, and Catena F
Subjects: Hospitals, Humans, Registries, Surgeons
Abstract: Emergency General Surgery (EGS) was identified as multidisciplinary surgery performed for traumatic and non-traumatic acute conditions during the same admission in the hospital by general emergency surgeons and other specialists. It is the most diffused surgical discipline in the world. To live and grow strong EGS necessitates three fundamental parts: emergency and elective continuous surgical practice, evidence generation through clinical registries and data accrual, and indications and guidelines production: the LIFE TRIAD., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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50. Robotic Adrenalectomy: An Initial Experience in a Turkish Regional Hospital.

Author: Erdemir A and Rasa K
Abstract: Background: Due to the technical advantages and the convenience it provides to surgeons, "robotic adrenalectomy" is a widely used procedure for adrenal surgeries. In this study, we aim to evaluate our robotic adrenalectomy experience and delineate the factors that have a substantial impact on surgical outcomes., Methods: Successive 0 transperitoneal robotic operations using the daVinci SI ® platform were grouped according to the surgery side, malignant or benign pathologies, for adenoma or non-adenoma lesions, tumor size of less than 4 cm or above, body mass index below or above 30 kg/m 2 , and with or without laparotomy history. Groups were compared in terms of duration of the operations, amount of bleeding, and the duration of hospitalization., Results: Morbidity developed in 5 patients (16.6%), and no mortality was observed. We had only one conversion to perform open surgery (3.3%). Operations performed for adenoma significantly last longer when compared with the non-adenoma group ( p < 0.05). In the malignant group, the amount of bleeding during surgery was found to be significantly higher ( p < 0.05). The blood loss during the surgery was also found to be higher in the adenoma group than in the non-adenoma match ( p < 0.05). Phenomenally, operative blood loss was found to be lesser in the bigger tumor size group (>4 cm) than in the smaller size group ( p < 0.05)., Conclusion: Our results corroborate that robotic adrenalectomy may be more challenging for malignant pathologies and adenomas, but we can claim that it is an effective and safe option for all adrenal gland pathologies., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Erdemi and Rasa.)
Published: 2022
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