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Objective Develop and validate an ordinary meeting simulation template of the Municipal Health Council applied to students of cycle II of Elementary School. Methods. Qualitative and descriptive research developed in two phases: construction of simulation scenario of ordinary meeting of the Municipal Health Council and validation by committee of experts who analyzed the representativeness and adequacy of the content. The scenario included the items: prebriefing, additional information about the case, scenario objectives, evaluation criteria (observers), scenario duration time, human and physical resources, instructions for the actors, context, references and debriefing. In order to be able to understand which items should be modified according to the evaluations of the experts, it was used as criterion that only items that had 80% or higher percentage of agreement between the experts for modification would be modified. Results: There was agreement to modify the prebriefing in: additional information about the case (100%); learning objectives (88.8%); human and physical resources (88.8%); context (88.8%); and in the debriefing (88.8%). The prebriefing did not reach the level of agreement: evaluation criteria (66.6%), duration of the scenario (77.7%), instruction for authors (77.7%), references (77.7%), which were modified. Conclusion. With the template developed and then validated by the committee of experts, it will be possible to develop in the classroom content related to the right to health and social participation in the scope of elementary education, as well as encourage engagement in important bodies for the maintenance of democracy, justice and social equity.

Introduction: People with mental illness are highly stigmatized by populations around the world and are perceived to be a burden on society. As a result of stigma, many people with mental illness are discriminated against, which leads to limited life opportunities. Given that beliefs about mental illness can vary based on culture, religion, nationality and ethnicity, it is important to understand the different types of mental illness-related stigma experienced around the world. Materials and Methods: Whittemore and Knafl’s (2005) methodology for integrative reviews was used to analyze 18 studies about lived experiences of mental illness-related stigma in South America. Results: Findings suggest that certain types of stigma in South America are based on gender and social norms, such as the social position of men and women in society. This leads to discrimination, isolation and violence from family, intimate partners, friends, society and health professionals. Employment is also limited for South Americans with mental illness. Other consequences, such a self-stigma, also impact the lives of people with mental illness in many South American contexts. Discussion: Family, friendship and social relationships, including health professionals, can involve processes that lead to the stigma experienced by people with mental illness. Conclusion: This integrative review highlights how mental illness related-stigma impacts

Background: The detrimental impact of stigma toward people with mental illness and substance use problems (MISUP) is well documented. However, studies focusing on stigma reduction in Latin American primary health care (PHC) contexts are limited. This situational analysis incorporating a socioecological framework aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of MISUP-related stigma in PHC centers in Brazil. The objectives of this analysis are twofold: (1) to understand the current mental health and substance use service delivery context and (2) identify challenges and opportunities for addressing MISUP-related stigma in PHC centers in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Methods: Environmental scans of four Family Health Units were conducted in early 2018 to explore population needs and service delivery for individuals with MISUP. In addition, a symposium was organized in October 2018 to consult with diverse stakeholders and gather local perspectives about MISUP-related stigma conveyed in PHC settings. NVivo 12 software was used to conduct a thematic analysis of the qualitative data collected from the environmental scans and the symposium consultation. Results: Themes identified at the national level in the socioecological framework indicate that political support for national policies related to reducing stigma is limited, particularly regarding social inclusion and the decentralization of mental health services. Themes at the regional, organizational, and interpersonal levels include insufficient mental health expertise and the limited involvement of those with lived experience in decision-making. Suggestions for stigma interventions were provided, including increased contact with individuals with lived experience outside of client-patient interactions, capacity building for professionals, and public education campaigns. Conclusion: Increased government support, capacity building, and promoting social inclusion will provide opportunities to reduce stigma and reach marginalized populations. These findings will assist with addressing current gaps in PHC mental health service provision and may inform anti-stigma strategies for Brazil and other Latin American low- and middle-income countries.

People who use illicit drugs are continuously subjected to harsh stigmatization from society. This study explores the perspectives of people who use illicit drugs, specifically their general beliefs about illicit drug use and related stigma. A convergent parallel mixed methods design was used, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The participants were recruited in a Psychosocial Care Centre (CAPSad) of a municipality in the state of Sao Paulo in Brazil. Findings revealed that illicit drug use can cause individual, family, professional and social difficulties, including problems with the law. The participants indicated they felt victimized by illicit drugs and their use, but also shared prejudicial and discriminatory views, highlighting self-stigmatizing perspectives. There is a need to develop intervention studies with a psychosocial approach on the use of illicit drugs, valuing the person's participation in the treatment, covering biomedical approaches, having in mind the social impact of illicit drugs and their use.

Objetivo: adaptar culturalmente a Social Distance Scale de Bogardus nos domínios esquizofrenia e dependência de heroína para o português falado no Brasil. Método: este estudo metodológico foi desenvolvido por meio do processo de adaptação cultural: 1) tradução; 2) comitê de juízes; 3) retrotradução; 4) pré-teste; e 5) ponderação dos scores. Na fase pré-teste, a amostra populacional foi de 40 profissionais de saúde da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Resultados: a escala adaptada para o português brasileiro foi avaliada como equivalente ao instrumento original. Para maior aproximação cultural com a realidade brasileira, o domínio “dependência de heroína” foi modificado para “dependência de cocaína”. O valor de alpha de Cronbach foi 0.69 e 0.62 para os domínios esquizofrenia e dependência de cocaína, respectivamente, indicando que houve equivalência semântica, cultural e conceitual no instrumento adaptado. Considerações finais: a adaptação cultural da escala obteve resultados representativos de boa consistência interna, mas há necessidade de validação desse instrumento por meio da análise das propriedades psicométricas.

Background: Health care providers are an important target group for anti-stigma interventions because they have the potential to convey stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental illness. This can have a detrimental impact on the quality and effectiveness of care provided to those affected by mental illness. Aims and methods: Whittemore & Knafl’s integrative review method (2005) was used to analyze 16 studies investigating anti-stigma interventions targeting health care providers. Results: The interventions predominantly involved contact-based educational approaches which ranged from training on mental health (typically short-term), showing videos or films (indirect social contact) to involving people with lived experiences of mental illness (direct social contact). A few studies focused on interventions involving educational strategies without social contact, such as mental health training (courses/modules), distance learning via the Internet, lectures, discussion groups, and simulations. One study investigated an online anti-stigma awareness-raising campaign that aimed to reduce stigmatizing attitudes among health care providers. Conclusion: Anti-stigma interventions that involve social contact between health care providers and people with mental illness, target specific mental illnesses and include long-term follow-up strategies seem to be the most promising at reducing stigma towards mental illness among health care providers.

Identificar, analisar e sintetizar evidências científicas sobre a relação entre o estigma existente nos serviços de saúde no que se refere aos usuários de álcool e drogas ilícitas e o auto-estigma destes usuários. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, através de cinco etapas distintas. Resultados: do total de artigos encontrados nas bases de dados, 07 foram selecionados e analisados, resultando nas categorias “O estigma público nos serviços de saúde” e “A relação entre o estigma nos serviços de saúde e o auto-estigma em usuários de álcool e drogas ilícitas”. Conclusão: o auto-estigma é influenciado pelo estigma público propagado, principalmente, por autoridades e por profissionais de saúde. Uma das alternativas para atenuar o cenário do auto-estigma é o apoio social.

O estigma dos profissionais de saúde em relação às pessoas com transtornos mentais é um fenômeno que necessita ser alvo de estudo para que sejam realizadas reflexões e construções de estratégias de intervenções anti-estigma. Um dos métodos utilizados para a investigação do fenômeno é a utilização de escalas de mensuração de estigma. Nessa perspectiva, a escala Mental Illness: Clinicians\' Attitudes Scale, versão 4, MICA-4, foi utilizada em um projeto-piloto do Centre for Addiction and Mental Health da Universidade de Toronto, Canadá. Com o compromisso de reproduzir o projeto no Brasil, este estudo buscou adaptar culturamente a MICA-4 para o português brasileiro. Assim, foram realizadas as etapas do processo de adaptação cultural, sendo a primeira delas a tradução, a qual foi realizada por três tradutores. Dois dos tradutores conheciam os objetivos do estudo e o outro os desconhecia. A equipe de pesquisa analisou as três traduções e, com base nessa análise, obteve a Versão Português 4. Essa versão foi encaminhada para o Comitê de Juízes e o índice de concordância para modificações foi de 60%. Por conta desse baixo índice, a equipe de pesquisa manteve a Versão Português 4. Na etapa seguinte, Retrotradução, essa versão foi enviada para dois tradutores nativos de país de língua inglesa e que possuem bom conhecimento da língua portuguesa, originando duas versões em inglês. A equipe de pesquisa enviou para o autor a versão em inglês obtida por meio das comparações entre essas versões. O autor da MICA-4 sugeriu pequenos ajustes na referida versão, os quais não ocasionaram modificações na Versão Português 4. Após, seguiu-se com a fase do pré-teste, onde a Versão Português 4 foi aplicada em 40 profissionais de saúde de Unidades Básicas de Saúde e Unidades de Saúde da Família do município de Ribeirão Preto, Estado de São Paulo. A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (87,5%), com média de idade de 45 anos e com formação como técnicos em enfermagem. Nesta fase, os profissionais de saúde sugeriram modificações em dois itens da escala (5 e 11) para melhor compreensão. A equipe de pesquisa acatou as sugestões, originando a Versão Português Final. Dessa forma, ficou demonstrado que este estudo buscou compreender de maneira profunda as considerações dos profissionais de saúde, com o objetivo de realizar rigorosamente o processo de Adaptação Cultural The stigma of health professionals in relation to people with mental illness is a phenomenon that needs to be studied in order to reflect and construct strategies of antistigma interventions. One of the methods used to investigate the phenomenon is the use of stigma measurement scales. In this perspective, Mental Illness: Clinicians\' Attitudes Scale, version 4, MICA-4, was used in a pilot project of the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health of the University of Toronto, Canada. With the commitment to reproduce the project in Brazil, this study sought to adapt MICA-4 to Brazilian Portuguese. Thus, the stages of the process of cultural adaptation, were carried out, the first being the translation, which was carried out by three translators. Two of the translators knew the aims of the study and the other did not. The research team analyzed the three translations and, based on this analysis, obtained the Portuguese Version 4. This version was sent to the Judges Committee and the concordance index for modifications was 60%. Because of this low index, the research team maintained the Portuguese Version 4. In the following stage, Back-Translation, this version was sent to two native English-speaking translators who have a good knowledge of the Portuguese language, originating two English versions. The research team sent the author the English version obtained through the comparisons between these versions. The author of MICA-4 suggested small adjustments in the version, which did not cause modifications in the Portuguese Version 4. After, it was followed with the phase of the pre-test, where Portuguese Version 4 was applied in 40 health professionals of Basic Health Units and Family Health Units in the city of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo. Most of the participants were female (87.5%), mean age 45 years old and with educational background as a nursing technician. At this stage, health professionals suggested modifications to two items on the scale (5 and 11) for the better understanding. The research team accepted the suggestions, originating the Portuguese Final Version. In this way, it was demonstrated that this study sought to understand health professionals\' considerations, in order to rigorously performing the process of Cultural Adaptation