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"Tess of the D'Urbevilles" is a tragic monumental work of Thomas Hardy, an English writer of critical realism.The paper will analyze "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" through character's personalities, its social background and the old traditional religion. The paper introduces the causes of Tess's tragic fate which is influenced by personalities of main characters, hypocritical moral, unjust law, depression of capitalism. Tess is just one of the victims who are suffering sorrows. Through Tess, we can see female's low status at the same time, which shows that we should develop a habit of economic independence and spirit of revolt.

With the continuous development of cities, the surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) is increasing, leading to the deterioration of the urban thermal environment, increasing energy consumption, and endangering the health of urban residents. Understanding the spatio-temporal scale difference and gradient effect of urban spatial patterns on the impact of SUHII is crucial for improving the climate resilience of cities and promoting sustainable urban development. This paper investigated the characteristics of SUHII changes at different time periods based on local climate zones (LCZs) and downscaled land surface temperature (LST) data. Meanwhile, landscape pattern indicators and the multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model were utilized to analyze the impacts of urban spatial patterns on SUHII at multiple spatial–temporal scales. The results indicated that the SUHII of each LCZ type exhibited diverse patterns in different time periods. High SUHII occurred in summer daytime and autumn nighttime. Compact and high-rise buildings (LCZ1/2/4) showed markedly higher SUHII during the daytime or nighttime, except for heavy industry. The extent of influence and the dominant factors of LCZ spatial patterns on SUHII exhibit obvious scale differences and gradient effects. At the regional scale, highly regular and compacted built-up areas tended to increase SUHII, while single and continuously distributed built-up areas had a greater impact on increasing SUHII. At the local scale, the impact of the PLAND (1/2/4/5/10) on SUHII exhibited a trend of diminishing from urban to suburban areas. In urban areas, the PLAND of LCZ 1, LCZ 2, and LCZ4 was the major factor affecting the increase in SUHII, whereas, in suburban areas, the PLAND of LCZ 2 and LCZ 10 was the major influencing factor on SUHII. The results can provide a scientific reference for mitigating urban heat island effects and constructing an ecologically 'designed' city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the panel data of 16 cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing region from 2005 to 2020, this paper measures the green economic efficiency of each city in the Chengdu-Chongqing region using the super-efficient SBM model that takes into account non-desired outputs, and analyses the influencing factors of green economic efficiency in the Chengdu-Chongqing region using the Tobit model. The results show that the overall green economic efficiency of the Chengdu-Chongqing region is at a moderate level, but shows a fluctuating upward trend with the change of time. From the perspective of the influencing factors: the level of economic development, the level of science and technology, and the endowment structure have a significant positive contribution to the green economic efficiency of the Chengdu-Chongqing region; the environmental regulation does not have a significant contribution to the green economic efficiency due to the differences between cities; the industrial structure dominated by the secondary industry and the urbanisation rate have a significant negative inhibiting effect.

With the development of technology, more and more cities and highways are installing light reducing structures at the tunnel openings to improve traffic safety and reduce the "black hole effect" and low-angle sunlight glare effect. However, the existing scrims have poor road surface uniformity, bright and dark streaks and uneven road surface brightness, which can bring negative impact on driving. In order to balance the safety and comfort of tunnel light sheds, a new technique is proposed to reduce the negative effects of light sheds based on the multi-source effect of light diffusion panels. The results show that by arranging light diffusion panels on the top of the scrim, the daylight is fully diffused and then irradiated to the road surface under the scrim, avoiding the undesirable phenomenon caused by direct sunlight on the road surface. After the indoor test and numerical model analysis, the effectiveness of the technology is proved to be in compliance with the design specification, and the undesirable phenomena such as bright and dark streaks are avoided, thus ensuring the safety and comfort of traffic at the tunnel entrance. In addition, the average brightness of the road surface of the top arrangement of light diffusion panels is better than that of the two sides, and the light intensity distribution curve of No. 2 panel among the four light diffusion panels used in this paper is the best. The technology can also control the brightness level of the road surface under the shed through the area of light diffusion panels, thus reducing the carbon emission of the tunnel lighting system and achieving the unity of safety, comfort and low carbon environment protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to optimize the design of light-reducing shed of highway tunnels, the height of light-transmitting area on both sides of light-reducing shed is studied. Firstly, numerical analysis is used to study the direct irradiance area and brightness variations of the road surface under different configurations of lighting-reducing shed. By establishing numerical analysis models for lighting-reducing shed with top-diffusing plate and hollow-design on both sides, various optical parameters of lighting-reducing shed and the brightness distribution of road surface are analyzed under different conditions. According to the requirements of direct irradiance area, illuminance of road surface under the shed, and brightness uniformity, a comparative analysis of two conditions is conducted. The light-transmitting area height of light-reducing shed are determined to be three meters for the north side and two meters for the south side, which can mitigate the sudden brightness change when entering and exiting the tunnel, and reduce the glare effect at the tunnel entrance. Driving safety and comfort are enhanced with the improvement of driving environment at the tunnel entrance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By analyzing the breakage of composites from a new perspective, the tensile strength of composites filled with spherical particles is studied in this article. A large number of experimental data are summed up, and a novel form of formula that can predict the tensile strength of composites is put forward. This form of formula focuses on the composites that possess strong adhesion strength between particles and polymer matrix. High particle volume fraction results in a phenomenon that the particles in composites have a tendency to aggregate. So, the influence of the particle aggregation is also studied in this article. A critical particle volume fraction is proposed to describe that at what value of particle volume fraction the clusters begin to form. And an aggregation factor is put forward to describe the extent that the clusters diminish the composite's tensile strength. A good agreement between the results of the prediction by this article and the experimental data in many references has been found, which validates the accuracy of the theory., INTRODUCTION Composites filled with particles such as micro-/nano-Si[O.sub.2], glass, [Al.sub.2][O.sub.3], Mg[(OH).sub.2], and CaC[O.sub.3] particles, have been extensively used in so many domains such as automotive, aircraft, and sport equipment for [...]

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic behavior of a long hollow cylinder consisting of temperature-dependent functionally graded material (FGM) subjected to thermal shocking is investigated. Material parameters of the FGM hollow cylinder, except the Poisson’s ratio, are assumed to be graded continuously through the thickness according to the power law expressions, and they are assumed to be temperature dependent. The governing equation of the motion of the FGM hollow cylinder is obtained based on the plane-stain theory and together with the governing equation of the transient heat transfer problem is solved by the finite difference method, Newmark method, and iterative method. Numerical examples are carried out in which the Si3N4-SUS304 FGM hollow cylinders are considered, and some valuable dynamic thermoelastic characteristics of the FGM hollow cylinder subjected to symmetric or asymmetric thermal shocking are revealed.