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The present study was performed to analyze the Genotype-Environment (G x E) interaction for 21 maize hybrids over 3 locations to identify suitable and stable hybrids. Grain yield data were subjected to the AMMI analysis. Analysis revealed significant G x E interaction which could be attributed to differential ranking of the genotypes across the environments. The G x E interaction was further axis captured into PCA axes, of which the first PCA 52-69% to the total G x E variance. Perusal of the biplot analysis indicated that five hybrids Viz., Seed tech, Super-36, Vivek QPM-9, Prakash and Vivek hybrid-33 were identified as having general adaptability with high mean yields and PCA scores nearer to zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correlation and path coefficient analysis were carried out for pod yield and its component characters in 10 genotypes of Virginia bunch groundnut. The genotypic correlation coefficients were found to be of relatively higher magnitude than the corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficients, indicating strong inherent association between the characters. Correlation studies indicated that number of mature pods per plant, biological yield per plant, biological yield per hectare, 100 kernel weight, oil yield per hectare, kernel yield per plant, kernel yield per hectare and pod yield per hectare showed significant positive association with pod yield per plant both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis studies revealed that kernel yield per plant and 100 kernel weight exerted maximum positive direct effect on pod yield per plant. Hence, it would be rewarding to give due importance on the selection of these characters for rapid improvement in pod yield of Virginia bunch groundnut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice is the staple food crop and is the livelihood for most of the people across the globe. Keeping the present climate change scenario in view, there is a severe threat due to rise in temperature that can affect rice yield potential. Heat stress is one of the major abiotic stresses hampering the growth of rice. Temperature at every growth stage plays a critical role in deciding the rice yields. The major effects of heat stress in rice on its morphoagronomical parameters include reduced germination, poor seedling growth, reduction in plant height and tillering, reduction in number of pollen grains, poor anther dehiscence, increased sterility, reduced grain filling and poor grain quality that ultimately lead to yield reduction. From the physiological point of view, there is an inhibition of photosynthesis and related gas exchange traits, reduction in chlorophyll content and other pigments, reduction in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), reduction in cell membrane thermostability as well as an imbalance between photosynthesis and respiration. Biochemically, there is an increase in accumulation of osmoprotectants (praline and glycine betaine), increase in activity of antioxidants and increase in hormone accumulation (abscisic acid and ethylene). A complete understanding of mechanisms conferring thermotolerance and identification of genotypes possessing tolerance is the pre-requisite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correlation studies with 20 Spanish bunch genotypes indicated that days to maturity, number of mature pods per plant, biological yield per plant, biological yield per hectare, harvest index, 100 kernel weight, kernel yield per plant, kernel yield per hectare, oil yield per hectare and pod yield per hectare showed significant positive association with pod yield per plant both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis studies revealed that 100 kernel weight, kernel yield per plant and biological yield per hectare exerted maximum positive direct effect on pod yield per plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To study the accuracy of various clinical and investigational parameters to differentiate biliary atresia (BA) from neonatal hepatitis (NH)., Methods: It was a prospective study, conducted in a tertiary care hospital. A total 101 infants with neonatal cholestasis (NCS) were included in this study. Following a baseline hepatobiliary scintigraphic study (HBS), it was repeated after giving UDCA (40 mg/kg/day for 48-72 h). The sensitivity and specificity of clinical and investigational parameters were calculated with peroperative cholangiogram as gold standard., Results: The mean age was 2.8 +/- 1.7 months and 82 were male. Of these, 35 were diagnosed to have BA and 66 had NH (idiopathic 25, sepsis/UTI 20, galactosaemia 11, TORCH 2 and others 8). Persistently clay stool was found to have modest accuracy (79%) and the accuracy of HBS improved significantly following UDCA therapy (91% from 77%, p < 0.01) whereas liver biopsy was 100% accurate in differentiating BA from NH. The outcome of BA cases with ductal plate malformation (DPM) was worse., Conclusion: One-third of all NCS in India is due to BA and among the intrahepatic causes acquired infection and galactosaemia are common. Liver biopsy is the best method to differentiate NH from BA.