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In this work, we present an investigation of the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Mn0.98Cr(0.02-x)FexAs compounds with x = 0.002, 0.005 and 0.010. Our findings show that as Fe content increases the unit cell volume decreases, which indicates that Fe doping emulates the pressure effect on the crystalline structure. The transition temperature TC decreases as x increases and it can be set at approximate value of room temperature by changing the doping level. In addition, the magnetic entropy change ΔSM was determined using a discontinuous measurement protocol, and realistic values from the magnetocaloric effect presented by MnAs-type compounds under pressure (emulated pressure) could be obtained. The values of ΔSMMAX are very large, around −11 Jkg−1K−1 with ΔH = 15 kOe, which is higher than that observed for most compounds with TC around room temperature. However, ΔSM is confined to a narrow temperature range of 11 K. To overcome this drawback, the composition of a theoretical composite formed by our samples was calculated in order to obtain a table-shaped ΔSM curve. The simulated composite showed a high value of full width at half maximum δTFWHM of 33 K, which is much higher than that of single sample. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - FAPERJ E-26/110.393/2014, E-16/210.263/2014 Coordenação de aperfeiçoamento de pessoal de nivel superior - CAPES 485200/2013-9 Fundación de Apoyo a la Investigación del Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP 2012/03480-0 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad MAT2013-45165-P

Orientadores: Sergio Gama, Nilson Antunes de Oliveira Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin Resumo: Neste trabalho descreveremos a obtenção dos compostos da família MnA s1-xAx (A= Te,P, Sb) e Mn1-xFe xAs para várias concentrações. Dividimos este trabalho em duas etapas, a primeira via obtenção em forno de alta pressão e a segunda via obtenção em forno tubular em tubos de quartzos. A primeira etapa, ainda se dividiu em obtenção indireta e direta dos materiais. Na obtenção indireta dos materiais, focamos nosso trabalho nos compostos de MnAs e MnSb para a produção da série MnAs1-xSbx. Na obtenção direta, partimos dos elementos para sintetizar os materiais, utilizando o mesmo método adotado na obtenção indireta. Na segunda etapa do trabalho, obtemos os compostos diretamente em tubos de quartzo. As amostras produzidas foram caracterizadas por difração de raios-X, microscopia óptica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura utilizando a técnica de WDS e, finalmente, análises magnéticas para a obtenção do efeito magnetocalórico de cada material, e assim a avaliação destes materiais como possíveis candidatos a materiais refrigerantes. Após o cálculo do efeito magnetocalórico, utilizamos um modelo fenomenológico que considera a dependência da temperatura crítica da fase magnética na mudança de volume, o modelo utilizado parte das descrições propostas por Bean e Rodbell que correlaciona fortes interações magnetoelásticos com a transição de fase de primeira ordem Abstract: In this work we describe the obtaining processes of the MnAs1-x Ax (A= Te, P, Sb) and Mn1-xFexAs series for several concentrations. We divided this work in two stages: in the first one the samples were obtained using a high pressure furnace and in the second one using a resistive furnaces with the samples sealed in quartz tubes. The first stage, can be split in direct and indirect obtaining of the materials. In the indirect obtaining of the materials, our work was focused on the MnAs and MnSb compounds for the production of the series MnAs1-xSbx. In the direct obtaining, we synthesized the materials directly from the elements, using the same method adopted in the indirect obtaining. In the second stage of the work, we obtained the samples directly from the elements in quartz tubes. The produced samples were characterized by ray-X diffraction, optical microscopy, electron microscopy using the WDS technique and finally magnetic analysis for the calculation of the magnetocaloric effect of each material and, in this way evaluate these materials as possible candidates to refrigerant materials. After the calculation of the magnetocaloric effect, we used a phenomenological model that considers the dependence of the critical temperature of the magnetic phase in the volume change, the model used part of the descriptions proposed by Bean and Rodbell [1] that correlates strong magnetoelastic interaction with the first order phase transition Doutorado Física da Matéria Condensada Doutor em Ciências