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The present research focuses on the identification of stable trait specific genetic resources across the five semiarid environments located in the four states of India. The study illustrated the existence of a wide range of variations for most of the characters among the sunflower genotypes, which provides opportunities for genetic gain through selection or hybridization. Genotype x Environment (G x E) interaction was significant for all traits except for days to 50 % flowering, maturity days and 100-seed weight which means different genotypes responded differently to environments for the rest of the traits. Based on per se performance across the locations GMU 296 and HOHAL 30 can be considered as high yielding and high oil content accessions. Based on biplot, stability and per se performance genotypes GMU 806, GMU 635, GMU 296, GMU 802 and check DRSF113, can be considered as a medium to high yielding with medium oil content and medium maturity genotypes across the environments and can be considered as an ideal genotype across semi-arid environments. Character association indicated that among the seven traits, seed yield per plant had a significant negative association with oil content. The traits 50 % flowering and maturity days fall under one group and showed the more or less similar type of pattern in the expression of the traits by heat map approach. Based on diversity analysis identified genotypes from the second cluster can be utilized for the development of high yielding, medium oil content and medium duration diverse gene pool in sunflower for semi-arid environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven cytoplasmic male sterile lines were crossed with six restorers in line x tester fashion to estimate the heterosis for seed yield and its component traits in sunflower. The result revealed that seed yield and its components showed highly significant differences for all the traits. The extent of heterosis in 42 hybrids over better parent (BP) ranged from 6.15 to 317.28% for seed yield and from -11.42 to 10.18% for oil content. The superiority of hybrids over standard check (PAC-1091) ranged from -58.41 to 24.63% and from -5.92 to 14.88% for seed yield and oil content respectively. The hybrids CMS 234A x RHA-6D-1R, CMS 852A x RHA-6D-1R and ARM 243A x 3376R were the best for seed yield, oil content and yield characters. These hybrids may be exploited for heterosis breeding and need to be screened for yield stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven cytoplasmic male sterile lines were crossed with six restorers in line x tester fashion to estimate the heterosis for seed yield and its component traits in sunflower. The result revealed that seed yield and its components showed highly significant differences for all the traits. The extent of heterosis in 42 hybrids over better parent (BP) ranged from 6.15 to 317.28% for seed yield and from -11.42 to 10.18% for oil content. The superiority of hybrids over standard check (PAC-1091) ranged from -58.41 to 24.63% and from -5.92 to 14.88% for seed yield and oil content respectively. The hybrids CMS 234A x RHA-6D-1R, CMS 852A x RHA- 6D-1R and ARM 243A x 3376R were the best for seed yield, oil content and yield characters. These hybrids may be exploited for heterosis breeding and need to be screened for yield stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study aimed at sunflower population improvement through recurrent selection. The present investigation was undertaken with the third cycle base population (C3) by adopting simple recurrent selection. 20,000 plants from the third cycle, were raised during rainy season 2010 and 2,000 phenotypically superior plants were selfed. Based on self-fertility, the best 200 plants were selected for progeny testing during spring 2011 and evaluated against two national checks (DRSF-108 and 113). In the C3 base population, a wide range of variability was exhibited in days to maturity, plant height, head diameter, seed yield/plant, and oil content. Positive selection differential was observed for plant height, head diameter, seed yield and oil yield, whereas days to maturity and oil content showed negative values. PCV and GCV revealed high values for seed yield/plant, oil yield/plant and moderate values for plant height, head diameter, 100-seed weight and oil content. High heritability associated with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was recorded for plant height, head diameter, oil yield/plant and oil content, indicating less environmental influence on these characters and a role of additive gene action. High heritability estimates associated with moderate genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, seed yield/plant, suggesting that these characters were less influenced by environment but governed by both additive and nonadditive gene action. Superior genotypes may serve to develop inbreds for use in heterosis breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]